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Full text of "Enumeratio plantarum Zeylaniae =An enumeration of Ceylon plants, with descriptions of the new and little known genera and species, observations on their habitats, uses, native names, etc. /by G.H.K. Thwaites ; assisted in the identification of the species and synonymy by J.D. Hooker."

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 ENUMERATIO 


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_ ENUMERATION OF CEYLON PLANTS, esau) FE. 
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WITH 


DESCRIPTIONS OF THE NEW AND LITTLE-KNOWN GENERA 
AND SPECIES, OBSERVATIONS ON THEIR HABITATS, ene 
USES, NATIVE NAMES, zc. in eet 


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oo oe HL K. THWAITES, PLS, 
ee "piaxcron op TE noran ‘Boranre oanpzy, PERADENIA, ea 


IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF THE SPECIES AND SYNONYMY & 


.D, HOOKER, MD, FRS,F.LS. & GS, xr 


eae ad 


3 DULAU & 00, 37, sod SQUARE, = 


RENE ER 


TO"; 
SIR WILLIAM JACKSON HOOKER, K.H., 
D,C.L, Oxon., F.R.S., FAS, F.LS,, Erc., 


This Little Hork is Wevicaten, 


IN TESTIMONY OF THE MOST SINCERE RESPECT 


" AND AFFECTION, 


bof * 


BY HIS OBLIGED FRIEND, 


THE AUTHOR. 


PREFACE. 


. 


Since the publication of Linneus’s ‘ Flora Zeylanica’ and Bur- 
mann’s ‘Thesaurus Zeylanicus,’ no work has .appeared, with the 
exception of Moon’s ‘ Catalogue,’ professing to give a list of the 
plants indigenous to Ceylon. 

Several species of Ceylon plants have been figured and described 
by Sir William Hooker in his ‘Icones Plantarum’ and other va-— 
luable publications, from specimens collected by the late Colonel 
and Mrs. Walker; and a good many Ceylon plants have been 


figured by Dr. Wight in his excellent ‘Icones Plantarum Indie __ 


- Orientalis.” Dr, Walker-Arnott has published ee of | 
several kinds in his ‘ Pugillus’ and elsewhere. 


- Most of the Orchidacee of Ceylon have been described ty ne 
Dr. Lindley from specimens and —— sent to him by ae 


Macrae. 


My predecessor, Dr. Gardner, contributed to the ‘ Oaleutta os 


Socenal of Natural History’ pemetiies of several inte oon 
Ceylon plants. oe 

References throughout the present tote indicate where and by oe 
— other species have been described. . 


. 


Owing to the physical conformation of the island, which went = : 
gically belongs to the Metamorphic system, there is great diver- __ 


sity of climate. 


_. The hills of the Central Province rise to an elevation of 830 
feet, with an annual rainfall of about 100 inches. 


The low country of the south of the island possesses a aL = : 
climate, with 4 very equable temperature, and the rainfallis con- 


* 


siderable, but not equal to that on the hills. 


vi PREFACE. 


The low northern half of the island, shut off by the hills from 
the rains of the south-west monsoon, has a rainy season of very 
short duration, and is usually extremely dry during the remainder 
of the year. 

The character of the island vegetation varies, as might be ex- 
pected, in accordance with this difference of climatal conditions ; 
for, whilst on the hills the flora resembles very much that of the 
Neilgherrries, in the humid south it is more akin to that of 
Sumatra and the Malay Archipelago; and in the dry north of 
the island it would seem to be nearly identical with that of the 
Coromandel coast. ’ 


The indigenous species enumerated in the present work 


amount to 2832, viz. :— : 


Dicotyledones’ f°.) Sees ee 
Monocotyledones... 2 a 
Filices, Lycopodiacex, and Marsileacew . 225 


Care has been taken not to multiply species unnecessarily, for 
observation has shown that the amount of variation is often con- 
siderable in plants affecting a large range of variation, and con- 
sequently of climate. Instances occur, as in the genera Hortonia, 
Mappia, Turpinia, Evonymus, Eleodendron, in which a more 


elevated locality produces a form or variety possessing a stouter 


habit and larger flowers than are observed in the same species 
when growing only a little above the level of the sea, These 
forms or varieties would probably be viewed by some botanists in 
the light of distinct though closely allied species, and they occupy, 


‘in fact, that debatable ground the difficulties and perplexities of 
: which the practical naturalist alone knows, and which, in the 
_ opinion of many (and I may include myself among the number), 


are only to be got rid of by the adoption of the views enunciated 
_ by Mr. Darwin as regards the relationship of allied forms or 
species by descent from a common ancestor. ee: 


___ From the large extent of forest-land which has been and is now 


being appropriated to coffee cultivation, there is little doubt that 
some of the indigenous plants will in time become exceedingly 
rare, if not altogether extirpated, or exist only in the botanical 
garden, into which as many kinds as possible are being introduced. 
The obtrusive character, too, of a plant brought to the island, 


ee UU CS 


* 


PREFACE. vii 


about forty years ago, is also helping to alter the character of the 
vegetation up to an elevation of 8000 feet. The plant alluded to 
is the Lantana mizta, Linn., which appears to have found in 
Ceylon a soil and climate exactly suited to its growth, for it now 
covers thousands of acres with its dense masses of foliage, taking 
complete possession of land where cultivation has been neglected 
or abandoned, preventing the growth of any other plants, and even 


_ destroying small trees, the tops of which its subscandent stems 


are able to reach. The fruit of this plant is so acceptable to fru- 
givorous birds of all kinds, that through their instrumentality it 
is spreading rapidly, to the complete exclusion, in spots where it 
becomes established, of the indigenous vegetation. ° : 
Brucea Swmatrana, Crotalaria incana, Lagascea mollis, Cosmos 
caudatus and Asclepias Curassavica, have become perfectly natural- 
ized, and are common weeds in the warmer parts of the island. 
In Newera Ellia, a few exotic plants, which were introduced 
with grass seed, have become naturalized ; those I have observed 
are Cerastium vulgatum, Hypericum humifusum, Trifoliam repens, 
Verbascum Thapsus, Stachys arvensis, Plantago lanceolata, and 
Dactylis glomerata. 
It now remains to express my grateful acknowledgment for 
assistance rendered to me during the progress of this work. 


Dr. Wight, immediately on my arrival in the island, gave me = ; : 
his most valuable help in naming the numerous specimensI found 
in the herbarium, which had been collected by my predecessors, _ 


and principally by Dr. Gardner. ee 
Sir William Hooker has most kindly assisted me with his pro- — 

found knowledge of the subject in determining the names of the 

Ferns. — pee ee 
To Dr. Joseph D. Hooker I am most deeply indebted for the 


invaluable aid he has been unintermittingly giving me during the 
whole progress of this work, and without this aid I could not aes 


with any satisfaction have undertaken it. 


My cordial thanks are due to Dr. Thomas Anderson for having : 


undertaken the identification and description of the Acanthacee, 
an Order of plants to which he was at the time devoting parti- 
cular attention, and was studying in the herbarium at Kew. __ 


To the Rey. 8. O. Glenie, F.L.8., Episcopal Colonial Chaplainat 
Trincomalie, and to Mr. W. Ferguson, F.1.S., Civil Engineer, I am 


vais PREFACE. 


under great obligations for frequent valuable communications, 
and for specimens of plants from their respective places of resi- 
dence. It gives me great pleasure, too, to record the uniform 
courtesy and kindness with which the gentlemen, holding the im- 
portant and influential positions of Government Agents, have as- 
sisted me in carrying out the objects I had in view, when making 
botanical tours through their respective provinces or districts. 

I would wish to associate with this little book the names of 
Harmanis de Alwis Modliar, and of Don Seman De Silva Aratchy, 
native officers, employed during many years in this establishment, 
the former as Draftsman, and the latter as Principal Plant-col- 
lector, to whose intelligent and hearty co-operation i is due much of 
my success in ee new and rare saponins of plants from the 
jungles. 

Some apology may be considered necessary for the length of . 
time that has elapsed since the present work was commenced, but 
a large portion of that time has been occupied in researches con- 
nected with it, and these researches have, it is hoped, tended to 
make it more useful and more worthy of being laid before the 
scientific world. 


Part 1, containing 80 pages, was is publi! in 1858. 
Part 2, from p. 81 to p. 160 inclusive, was published in 1859. 


Part 3, ,, 161 ,, 240 3 = 1860. ° 
Part 4, ,, 241 ,, 320 54 s 1861. 
Part5, ,, 321 ,, 483 ‘i " 1864. 


eT 2 cate 


\ Royal Botanic Garden, Peradenia, Ceylon, 
aN _ August, 1864, 


a a 


ENUMERATION OF CEYLON PLANTS. 


> 


I. RANUNCULACEZ. 


1. NARAVELIA, DC. 


1. N. Zeylanica, DC. (H.f. et T. Fl. Ind. p- 3, cum syn.)—c.pP. 1009. 


8. Not very uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Wayoopaloo” or “ Narawella.” 


2. CLEMATIS, Lin. 


1. C. smilacifolia, Wall. (H.f. et T., l.c. p- 6, cum syn.)—c.P. 2690. 


- Has. Atan elevation of about 3000 feet, at Allagalla and Amba- 
gamowa, in the Central Province. 


2. ©. Gouriana, Roxb. (Hf. et T., Lc. p. 8, cum syn.)—c.P. 680. 


_ Has. Newera Ellia, and other elevated parts of the Central Pro- 
vince. 


3. THALICTRUM, Lin. 


eo slyphocarpum, W. et A. (Hf. et T.,1.c. p. 16, cum syn.)— 
-P. 4. 


Has. On rocks, Newera Ellia, Horton Plains, ete. 


4, ANEMONE, Lin. 


1. A. rivularis, Ham. (Hf. et T., 1. c. p- 23, cum syn.)—c.P. 1011. 
Haz. Newera Ellia. 


5. RANUNCULUS, Lin. 
1. R. sagittifolius, Hook. (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 30, cum syn.)—c.P. 520. 
Has. Swampy spots at Newera Ellia and Horton Plains, 


oe eee nt, W. et A. (Hf. et T., Lc. p. 38, cum syn.)— 
—6€.p. 1012. 


Has. Very common on the more elevated parts of the Central Pro- 
Vince, from 5000 to 8000 feet. 


B 


_ latis, margine subintegro ; staminibus circiter 30. 


2 ENUMERATION OF [ Dilleniacee. 


II. DILLENIACEA. 


1. DELIMA, Lin. 


1. D. sarmentosa, Lin. (H.f. et T., l.c. p.61, cum syn.)—c.P. 1015. 
Has. Southern parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Korasawel.” 


2. TETRACERA, Lin. 


1. T. levis, Vahl, (Hf. et T., l.c. p. 62, cum syn.)—c.p. 1016. 
Has. Between Colombo and Galle ; not very common. 


3. ACROTREMA, Jack. 


Cuar. EMEND.— Sepalaet petalad. Stamina indefinita, 15 vel plura ; 
Jjilamentis liberis, erectis, pluriserialibus, in 3 fasciculis cum ovariis alter- 
nantibus plus minus aggregatis; antheris sublinearibus, ab apice ad 
medium vel ultra lateraliter dehiscentibus. Ovaria 3, 2- vel multi-ovu- 
lata, sutura ventrali plus minus coherentia ; stylis subulatis, recurvatis ; 
stigmate minuto. Carpella irregulariter dehiscentia. *Semina mem- 
branaceo-arillata ; testa crustacea, cancellata.—Herbe perennantes, sub- 
acaules; rhizomate sublignoso; foliis magnis, parallelo-penniveniis, 
parce glanduloso-punctatis, denticulatis ; petiolis marginibus magnis, 
vaginantibus, stipularibus, denique deciduis munitis ; floribus racemosis, 
favis, expansis, 4-8 lin. latis ; pedicellis plus minus elongatis ; bracteis 
magnis, sepissime bidentatis. 

Folliculis polyspermis. 
+ Racemis brevi-pedunculatis. 
} Foliis indivisis, obovato-oblongis. 


1, A, uniflorum, Hook. (Ic. Pl. t. 157; Hf. et T., Fl. Ind. p. 64) ; 
foliis superne glabris vel inter neryos pilis paucis rigidis munitis, 
subtus pallidioribus, glabris, costa nervisque dense strigosis ; pedicellis 
(siccis) adpresse pilosis. ‘ 

Var. a. petiolaris (c.P. 265) ; foliis angustioribus, crenatis vel crenato- 
dentatis, apice acuto rotundato vel retuso; staminibus 30-50. 

Var. 8. rotundata (c.P. 1014 et 3484) ; foliis rotundatis brevi-petio- 


Has. Not uncommon in the Central and Southern Provinces, atan 
elevation of from 2000 to 4000 feet, occurring, like its congeners, in __ 
damp shady places, generally on the banks of streams. 

- Folia ged os longa, 1~3 poll. lata, petiolis (in var. a) 1-14 poll. longis. ee 

A very variable species, both as to the size as well as the form of the leaves, and 
the number of their primary veins. 1 should not be surprised if a more critical exa- 
mination of fresh specimens proved vars. a and 8 to be distinct species. : 

2. &. bullatum, Thw. (c.p. 239); foliis bullatis, utrinque (preecipue ue 
superne inter nervos et ad marginem crenato-serratum) mollissime _ 
sericeo-pubescentibus ; pedicellis (siccis) adpresse sericeo-pilosis. 

Has. In similar places with the foregoing, and often mixed with it. 

Folia 2-6 poll. longa, {2 poll. fata, petiolis $~$ poll. longis. s 

This species is well distinguished by its bullate, softly pubescent leaves, characters 
better observed in fresh than in dried specimens. fa 

3. A. sylvaticum, Thw. (c.p. 2659); foliis utrinque minute pilosis, 


Dilleniacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 3 


subtus costa nervisque pilis rigidis patentibus hirsutis, apice rotundatis, 
basi profunde cordatis, margine subintegro; petiolo brevi; pedicellis 
braribas, patentim pilosis ; staminibus circiter 50. 
Has. Damp forest at Eknalagodde, near Ratnapoora, March, 1853. 
Rhizoma breve ; folia membranacea, 5-8 poll. longa, 3~4 poll. lata. 


4, &. Walkeri, Wight, MSS. (c.r. 345, 446, 694) ; foliis crenato- 
dentatis, subauriculatis, utrinque precipue superne versus marginem 
et subtus ad costam nervosque pilosis ; pedicellis patentim pilosis; sta- 
minibus circiter 15. 

Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province, at an elevation of from 
2000 to 4000 feet. : 

Lolia 2-5 poll. longa, 2-2 poll. lata, petiolo 3 poll. longo ; pedicelli elongati. 

The leaves of this pretty species are frequently marked on the upper surface with 
a paler area occupying a more or less wide space on either side of the costa and 
primary veins ; the same peculiarity is sometimes observed in other species. 


tt Folis indivisis, lanceolatis, subauriculatis. 


5. A. intermedium, Thw. (c.P. 3114) ; foliis acutis, crenato-dentatis, 
Supra medium versus basin graduatim valde angustatis, superne ad 
costam marginemque et parce inter nervos hirsutis, subtus costa ner- 
visque adpresse pilosis ; pedicellis calycibusque patentim rigido-hirsutis ; 
staminibus circiter 40. 

Has. Banks of streams in the Ambagamowa District, at no great 
elevation, February, 1854. 

: Rhizoma elongatum ; folia 5-12 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata, petiole 1-14 poll. 
ongo. 

6. A. lanceolatum, Hook. (H.f. et T. Fl. Ind. p. 65.)—c.r. 2660; 
foliis angustissime lanceolatis, acutis, sinuato-dentatis, subglabris, 
subtus costa nervisque adpresse brevi-hirsutis ; pedicellis patentim — 
parce-hirsutis ; staminibus circiter 40. i : 

Has. Kittool Gulle, March, 1853. I do not know where Dr. Wight — 
found his specimens. 

Rhizoma breve ; folia 4-12 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata, petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. 

7. A. Gardneri, Thw. (c.p. 253) ; foliis anguste-lanceolatis vel sub- 
spathulatis, glabris, margine subintegro, subtus costa nervisque adpresse 
Pilosis ; pedicellis elongatis, adpresse-pilosis ; staminibus circiter 15. _ 

Has. Common in the district between Galle and Ratnapoora, on the 

of streams. 

Folia 14-3 poll. longa, 3-7 lin. lata, petiolo 3-6 lin. longo. 

tt} Foliis decompositis. — 

8. A. Thwaitesii, H.f. et T., Kew Journ. Bot. vol. 8, p. 241, t. iv. A. 
—C.P. 3364.—Vars. a and B. : : 

Has. Dolosbage District, at no great elevation, February, 1855. 

9. A. dissectum, Hf. et T., 1. c. p. 242, t. iv. B.—c.r. 3393 ; et var. 
Pinnatifida. : 

Has. Near Hellessee, in the Pas-dun Corle, at no great elevation, 
May, 1855. 

++ Racemis longe-pedunculatis. 

10. A. lyratum, Hf. 1. c. p. 242.—c.P. 3392. 

Has. Near N ces: in tho Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of about 
1000 feet, May, 1855. 


4 ENUMERATION OF [ Dilleniacee. 


4. SCHUMACHERIA, Vahl. 


Sepala 6 (2 exteriora minora). Petala 5. Stamina indefinita, 
luriserialia, monadelpha, unilaterali-posteriora; jfilamentis in co- 
iets brevem obliquam semicylindricam coalitis, apicibus supremis 
liberis ; antheris lineari-oblongis, obtusis, apiculatis, bilocularibus, la- 
teraliter dehiscentibus. Ovaria 3 (2 anteriora), discreta, dense pilosa, 
uniovulata ; stylis filiformi-subulatis ; stigmate minuto. Carpella 
indehiscentia. “Semen erectum, subglobosum, basi arillo parvo membra- 
naceo munitum ; festa crustacea.—Frutices erecti ; ramis rigidis, flex- 
nosis ; foliis coriaceis, conspicue penniveniis; petiolo basi latiuscula, 
vaginante.  Spicis axillaribus vel terminalibus ; floribus sessilibus, 
secundis, bibracteolatis, flavis, expans. 6-9 lin. latis. 

Note.—The generic characters of this and the foregoing genus have been princi- 
pally copied from the ‘Flora Indica’ of Drs. Hooker and Thomson, such additions 
or slight alterations only having been made as the examination of fresh and more 
— specimens of the several species afforded the favourable opportunity of 

ing. 

: ?. S. castanevefolia, Vahl, (H.f. et T., l.c. p.66, cum syn.)—o.P. 232, 
48. . 

Has. Common in the Saffragam and Galle Districts, at no great ele- 

vation. Nom. vulg. ‘ Kakareewara.” 


2. S. angustifolia, Hf. et T., l.c. p. 66.—c.P. 2992, 

Has. Abundant in the Hinidoon Corle. 

Not so straggling in its growth as the preceding species, and with a good deal 
smaller flowers. 

3. S. alnifolia, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 66. 

Var. a. scabra ; foliis hirsutie rigida pauca scabris.—c.P. 9. 

Var. 8. dentata (Wight, MSS.); foliis grosse et acute dentatis, subtus 
petiolisque hirsutis.—c.p. 339. 

Var. y. subglabra; foliis subtus subglabris.—c.P. 397, 2416. 

Has. Vars. a and 8, in forests in the Ambagamowa District. Var. 8, 
which has sharply-dentate leaves, and these more hirsute beneath and 
with coarser reticulation, owes its peculiarity, I believe, to growing in 
a more damp and shady locality. Var. y occurs in forests in the 
Hunasgiria District. 


5. WORMIA, Rottb. 


1, W. triquetra, Rottb. (H.f. et T., lc. p. 67, cum syn.)—c.P. 1013. 

Has. Common in the moist, warmer parts of the island, up to an 
elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘ Deeyapara.” 

Arbor mediocris ; foliorum petiolis canaliculatis, stipulari-marginatis (marginibus 
vaginantibus, cito deciduis), basi externe appendicula carnosa prominente hippo- 
crepiformi semicinctis ; foribus secundis ; sepa/is post anthesin parce accrescentibus, 
imprimis arcte imbricato-convergentibus, denique fructu maturo apertis vel reflexis ; 
petalis plicato-rugosis, albis, basi pallide viridescentibus, caducis ; staminibus erectis, 
luteis, circiter 3-serialibus, subeequilongis, persistentibus ; ovariis 5, circiter 8-ovu- 
latis ; ovudis biserialibus ; carpeliis indehiscentibus, 1-2-spermis ; seminidus arillatis, 
in pulpa pellucida gelatinosa nidulantibus. 

The carpels of this, the original species of the genus, being indehiscent, it would 
seem doubtful whether some of the other species now included in the genus should 
be retained in it, or Blume’s genus Capellia be restored for their reception. 


Schizandracec. | CEYLON PLANTS. 5 


6. DILLENIA, Lin. 


1. D. speciosa, Thunb. (Hf. et T., lc. p. 69, cum syn.)—c.P. 2961. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet; most frequent on the banks of streams. Nom. vulg. 
“* Hondapara.” 


Sect. Conperttia, Salisb. 


2. D. retusa, Thunb. (Wormia retusa, H.f. et T., le. p- 68, cum 
syn.)—C.P. 2960. 

- Has. In similar situations with the preceding species, but by no 
means so abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Godapara,” 

Arbor mediocris ; petalis albis; staminibus numerosis, 5—6-serialibus (externis 
graduatim brevioribus), pallide sanguineis ; antherarum loculis lateralibus, albis ; 
ovariis 5, 30-35-ovulatis ; sty/is filiformi-subulatis, recurvatis ; ovudis 4-serialibus ; 
Jructu maturo pendulo, croceo, 14-14 poll. diam.; carpedlis indehiscentibus, calyce 
valde aucto carnoso arcte inclusis ; seminibus exarillatis, in pulpa pellucida gelati- 
nosa nidulantibus. 

There can be no doubt that this handsome species belongs to the Colbertia section 
of Dillenia, though it seems to differ from the others in having white instead of 
yellow petals. There is an indication of the stamens being collected into five groups 
alternating with the carpels. 


tT . D. integra, Thunb. (Wormia integra, H.f. et T., lc. p. 68, cum 
syn. 

I know nothing of this plant, and suspect there must be some error in a fourth 
species of these large Dilleniaceous trees being attributed to Ceylon. 


Ill. MAGNOLIACEA. 


1. MICHELIA, Lin. , 


1. M. Nilagirica, Zenk. (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 82, cum syn.) 

Var. a. ovalifolia, Wight; petalis cum sep. sepissime 9.—c.P. 141, 424. 

Var. 8. Walkeri, H.f. et T. (M. Walkeri and M. glauea, Wight) ; 
petalis cum sepalis sepissime 12,—c.P. 2636 and 576, 299, 338, 423, 617. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 8000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “é Walsappoo.” : fa 

Tn Ceylon the most typical form of this plant is that called Jf. Wakeri by Dr. 
Wight, having rakes ong aca more or hae! glaucous on the under surface, and 
- Most commonly twelve petals. Between this and the oval-leaved form a gradual 
transition may apparently be observed, and, although the latter has most commonly 
nine petals, and these wider, yet, like the authors of the ‘Flora Indica,’ I have 
been quite unable to discover any permanent characters on which two separate, 
clearly-defined species can be founded. The form occurring on the Neilgherries, as 
shown in a specimen sent tome by Dr. Hooker, differs from any I have seen growing 
in Ceylon in its larger leaves and much larger petals. 

MU. Champaca, L.., is very common in cultivated ground, but I have never seen it 
undoubtedly wild in the forests. 


IV. SCHIZANDRACE. 


1. KADSURA, Juss. 
1. K. Wightiana, Arn. (Hf. et T., l.c. p. 84, cum syn.)—c.P. 1028. 


6 ENUMERATION OF [ Anonacee. 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1500 to 4000 feet. 

Ramulis foliisque junioribus rufescentibus ; pedunculis sepe petiolos multo su- 
perantibus ; floriéus pallide viridi-ochraceis; ovariis 3-5, sepissime 4-ovulatis ; 
toro conico. 


V. ANONACEZ. 
1. SAGERAA, Dalzell. 


1. Thwaitesii, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 93.—c.P. 2702. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts, at an elevation of about 
1000 feet, February, 1853. 

Flores pallide crocei. -Anther@ rufescentes. Carpella subsessilia, nucis Avellanze 
magnitudine vel minora, pluri- vel pauci-sperma, Semina compressa, sulco circum- 
cincta. 

2. UVARIA, Lin. 


1. U. semecarpifolia, H.f. et T., 1l.c. p. 97.—c.p. 244. 

Has. Central and south-eastern parts of the island, at an elevation of 
1000-3000 feet. 

Flores fulvo-viridescentes. Sepala interiora convergentia. 

2. U. macrophylla, Roxb. (H.f. et T., Fl. Ind.1. c. 97, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 3527. 

Has. South-east of the island, not uncommon. 

The fruit is eaten by the Cinghalese, and was described to me as nearly black 

when ripe, with the interior red. The unripe fruit in the Ceylon specimen is 

sparingly tomentose. 

3. U. sphenocarpa, H_f. et T., l.c. p. 99.—c.P. 1045. 

Has. Central and eastern parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
1500 feet. 

Flores fulvo-viridescentes. Ovaria elongata, prismatica, dimidio inferiore circiter 
10 ovula biserialia includentia. Stigmata subplana, lateribus involutis. 

4. U. macropoda, Hf. et T., l.c. p. 101.—c.p. 2544. 

Has. Similar localities with the foregoing. 

Flores rubiginosi. Carpella matura sanguineo-coccinea. Semina compressa, 
levia, albida, oblonga, 5 lin. longa. 

5. U. Narum, Wall. (Hf. et T., l.c. p. 102, cum syn.)—c.P. 1032. 

Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Flores rabiginosi, plus minus viridescentes, vel seepe virides. Carpella ovalia, 
levia, nitida, coccinea. 
: oe U. Zeylanica, Lin. (Hf. et T., l.c. p. 102, cum syn.)—c.P. 1030, 

Has. Southern parts of the island, at no great elevation. 


3. GONIOTHALAMUS, Blume. 
Sect. 1—Sepalis persistentibus ; stylis subulatis, indivisis. 

1. G. Hookeri, Thw. {c.p. 3399); jfoliis magnis, ovato-oblongis, 
breviter et obtuse acuminatis, basi parce angustatis, levibus ; pedun- 
eulis petiolos equantibus, solitariis axillaribus et fasciculatis, caulinis. 

Has. Hinidoon and Reigam Corles, at an elevation of about 1000 
feet, April, 1855. 


Anonacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 7 


Arbor mediocris, circiter 30-pedalis. Folia 6-13 poll. longa, 23-44 poll. lata ; 
petiolo 4-% poll. longo. ores pallide virides, parcissime rufo-hirsuti. 
rotundato-acuta, } poll. longa. Petala exteriora circiter 2 poll. longa, 3 poll. lata, 
basi rotundata, supra medium parce contracta; in¢eriora in mitram pyramidalem, 
intus tomentosam, circiter 2 poll. altam coalita. Carpella numerosa, fabee minoris 
magnitudine, brevissime pedicellata. Semina nitida; testa brunnea. 


2. G. Thwaitesii, H.f. et T., 1. c. p. 106.—c.P. 1040. 
Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 
to 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘ Caloocaara.” 


Arbor mediocris. Fores virides. 


3. G. Gardneri, Hf. et T., 1. c. p. 107.—c.p. 1029. 

Has. In similar localities with the preceding, not uncommon. 

Frutex erectus, 8-10-pedalis. Flores virides, flavescentes. Carpella brevi-pedi- 
cellata, seepissime 2-sperma, subpollicaria, oblonga. 


Sect. 2.—Sepalis persistentibus ; stylo in segmentis 2 longis 
Jjiliformibus diviso. 


4. G. Thomsoni, Thw. (c.p. 3398) ; foliis obovatis, longe et abrupte 
acuminatis, supra medium ad petiolwm brevem graduatim angustatis ; 
pedunculis caulinis, solitariis vel binis. 
he Forests in the district between Galle and Ratnapoora, April, 

Fruter erectus, 14-3-pedalis. Folia flavescentia, 5-12 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. 
lata; acumine 3-12 poll. ; petiolo circiter 3 poll. longo. Pedunculi ® poll. longi, 
adscendentes, prope apicem decurvati. Fores ochracei. Sepala lanceolata, 2 poll. 
longa. Petala exteriora lanceolata, apicem versus valde angustata, basi rotundata, 
1} poll. longa ; interiora in mitram ovalem acutam 6 lin. altam coalita. Ovaria 
elongata, stylis xquilonga. Carpel/a monosperma, ovalia, apiculata, 4 poll. longa; 
pedicello 2. lin. longo. 

A very distinct species, remarkable for the small size of the plant, its cauline 
flowers often close to the ground, and its deeply bisected styles. 


Sect. 3.—Sepalis deciduis. Stylo cylindrico vel clavato; stigmate 
dilatato, bilobo. 


5. G. salicinus, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 106.—o.P. 373. 

_ Has. Forests in the neighbourhood of “ Adam’s Peak,” at an eleva- 
tion of 2000 to 3000 feet. . 

Frutex erectus, 10-12-pedalis. Flores ochraceo-rufescentes vel fuscescentes. 

6. G. reticulatus, Thw. (c.p. 3397); foliis lanceolatis vel lineari- 
lanceolatis, plus minus abrupte acuminatis, basi subrotundatis, subtus 
en tes reticulatis. 

4B. Carawitta Kanda and other forests between Galle and 
Ratnapoora. ; 

Frutex erectus, 6-8-pedalis. Ramuli nigricantes, juniores strigosi. Folia mem- 
branacea, densissime glanduloso-punctata, subtus sparse rufro-nigro-pilosa, 6-11 
poll. longa, 1-22 poll. lata. Petioli nigricantes, subtumidi, 2-3 lin. longi, superne 
sulcati, alati (lamina decurrente), subtus cum costa minute tuberculati. Pedunculi 
uniflori, paullo supra-axillares, decurvati, } poll. longi, basi bracteati. Sty/i clavati, 
ovariis oblongis dense rufo-strigosis dimidio longiores. Carpella globose 1-sperma, 
oblonge 2-sperma, rubiginosa ; pedicello 4 lin. longo. 

Closely allied to G. salicinus, but differing in its very much larger and differently- 
shaped leaves. I have not seen the sepals and petals of G. reticu/atus, as they had 
fallen when the specimens were gathered. 


8 ENUMERATION OF [ Anonacee. 


7. G. Walkeri, H.f. et T., 1. c. p. 109. 
I have never been so fortunate as to meet with this species, so can add nothing to 
the description given of it by the authors of the ‘ Flora Indica.’ Nor can I tell, 


without an examination of specimens, to which section of this genus it is to be 
referred.* 


4. OROPHEA, Blume. 


1. O. Zeylanica, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 111.—c.p. 2406. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. 


Flores virides, fuscescentes. 


2. O. coriacea, Thw. (c.P. 2612); foliis valde coriaceis, ovato-lan- 
ceolatis, subacutis, basi rotundatis, brevi-petiolatis ; pedunculis unifloris ; 
staminibus 9 (6 exterioribus 3 interioribus), ovariwm solitarium ob- 
lo 2-ovulatum cingentibus. 

AB. Dimboola and peng in the Central Provinee, at an elevation 
of about 3000 feet, April, 1852. 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli rigidi, nigricantes. Folia intense viridia, 2-5 poll. 
longa, 1-23 poll. lata, costa prominenti, nervis inconspicuis. Petzoli vix 2 lin. 
longi. Pedunculi circiter + poll. longi, basin versus 3-4 bracteis parvis strigosis 
muniti. Flores parvi, 4 lin. in exp. Sepala minuta, deltoidea, ciliata. Petala 
exteriora rotundata, obscure acuminata, externe purpurea, interne ochraceo- 
rufescentia; in¢eriora purpurea, in mitram obtusam 12 lin. altam coalita. Ovula 
superposita. Carpelia subsessilia, subglobosa, obliqua, 1—2-sperma. 

_ 8. 0.? obliqua, H.f. et T., lc. p. 112.—c.P. 2703; floribus termi- 
nalibus caulinisque fasciculatis ; staminibus 6, seriebus duabus, ovaria 
3, 2-ovulata, stigmate depresso coronata, cingentibus; foro plano; car- 
pellis sessilibus, globosis, 1-2-spermis. 

Has. In the Galle and Ratnapoora Districts, at no great elevation. 

Arbor mediocris. Flores purpurei, parvi. Sepal/a minuta, ciliata. Petala 6, 
subsequalia, carnosa, exteriora aperta, tnteriora convergentia, imbricata v. subvalvata. - 
Carpella semipollicaria, rufescentia. 

This somewhat departs from the character of Orophea in the sepals and petals 
being frequently (not always) imbricated, as in Sagerea, but it is too closely allied 
to the previous species to be separated generically from it. It would seem to point 
out, however, that Sagerea and Orophea should be arranged in juxtaposition. 


5. MITREPHORA, Blume. 
1. M. Heyneana, (Orophea Heyneana, Hf. et T.,1.c. p. 110, cum 


a) oe 1033. 

. Haragam and other places on the Lower Badulla Road from 

Kandy, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
Arbor mediocris. Pedunculi 1-8-flori. Petala lutea, intertora rubro-maculata. 
The authors of the ‘Flora Indica’ must have had imperfect specimens of the 

flower of this plant for examination, for in all that I have dissected 1 have found 

the stamens far more numerous than they have described. Is the Courtalam plant 

distinct from the Ceylon one ?+ 


* The sepals appear to be persistent, but the specimens being in fruit only, I 
cannot determine whether it should be referred to section 1 or 2.—J. D. H. 3 
+ We have no flowering specimens of the Ceylon plant.—/J. D. H. 


Anonace@. | CHYLON PLANTS. 9 


6. XYLOPIA, Lin. 


1. &. parvifolia, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 125.—c.v. 3335. 

Has. Southern parts of the island, at no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg. “ Nattou.” 

Arbor. Flores ochracei. Carpella columbe ovi magnitudine vel minora, ob- 
longa. Semina biserialia, oblonga, in pulpa carnosa rufa nidulantia. 

The flowers and bark of this tree are used by the Cinghalese for chewing with 
their betel. z : 

2. &. nigricans, H.f. et T., lc. p. 125.—c.p. 615. 

Has. This grows in the Botanic Gasden. and I have not met with it 
elsewhere, though it probably occurs in the southern parts of the island 
where the other two species are found. 

Arbor mediocris. Flores ochracei. Carpella ut in precedente. Semina fusco- 
nigra, leevia, hilum versus attenuata, 4 lin. longa, biserialia. 

3. X. Championii, Hf. et T., lc. p. 126.—c.P. 1038. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Datkateya.” 

Flores ochracei, plus minus rubro tincti. Carpella pedicellata, longitudinaliter 
5-costata. Semina uniserialia, in pulpa nidulantia. 


7, CYATHOCALYX, Champion. 


1. ©. Zeylanicus, Champ. (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 127.)—o.P. 1044. 

Has. Central and Southern Provinces, at an elevation of 1500 to 3000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kakala.” 

Ovarium solitarium, uni ecalycis dentium oppositum, Capella subglobosa, 
plurisperma, 23 poll. longa, drupacea. Semina compressa, 1 poll. longa, lateribus 
transverse rugosa; festa ossea, rufo-fusca. 


8. ARTABOTRYS, R. Br. 


1. A. odoratissimus, R. Br. (H.f. et T., lc. p. 128, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 1042. 

Has. Northern parts of the island, Gardner. 

2. A. Zeylanicus, H.f. et T., l.c. p. 128.—c.P. 1043. : 

Has. Central and southern inaxta of the island, at an elevation of 
3000 to 4000 feet. 


9. UNONA, Lin. 

1. U. Zeylanica, H.f. et T., p. 182.—c.P. 1087. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1500 to 3000 feet. 
_ Frutex erectus, 3-6-pedalis, Pedunculi sepe caulini. Flores viridi-ochracel, 
intus basi rufescentes. Carpella rufescentia. Semina ovalia, levia, 4 lin. longa. 

2. U. discolor, Vahl, (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 132, cum syn.) 

I have never met with this species wild in the island, nor are there any specimens 
of it in this Herbarium but from cultivated plants. 


10, POLYALTHIA, Blume. 
_ 1. P. Moonii, Thw. (c.r. 437) ; foliis lanceolatis, basin versus rotun- 
c 


10 ENUMERATION OF [ Anonacee. 


datam obliquam angustatis, brevi-petiolatis; pedwnculis longis, unifloris, 
caulinis et oppositifoliis ; petalis carnosis, conchoideis ; carpellis pedi- 
cellatis, 1-2-spermis ; seminibus oblongis, levibus, sulco circumcinctis. 

Has. Caltura, Moon. Reigam Corle, September, 1856. 

Frutex 8-10-pedalis, partibus novellis fulvo-strigosis. Ramuli rigidi, cortice 
fusco, rugoso, albo-maculato. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 3—2 poll. lata. Petioli circiter 
1 lin. longi, transverse rugulosi. Pedunculi 1-13 poll. longi, basi bracteis 3 
parvis lanceolatis muniti, fulyo-strigosi. ores rubri, 4 lin. lati, externe sparse 
pilosi. Sepala lata, acuminata, 1 lin. longa. Petala exteriora rotunda, acuminata, 
interioribus obtusis minora. Stamina numerosa, cuneata, arcte compacta. Ovaria 
numerosa, oblonga, pilosa, sty/o hirsuto clavato dimidio longiora. Carpella rufes- 
centia, globose 1-sperma vel oblonge 2-sperma, 2-4 lin. longa, pedicedlo circiter 2 
lin. longo suffulta. 

This is probably the species referred to at the bottom of page 137 of the ‘Flora 
Indica.’ 


1l. GUATTERIA, Ruiz et Pavon. 


1. G. longifolia, Wall. (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 189, cum syn.)—c.P. 1041. 

Has. Northern parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

2. G. suberosa, Dun. (H.f. et T., lc. p. 140, cum syn.)—c.P. 1035. 

Has. Near Caltura and Colombo. 

3. G. Corinti, Dun. (Hf. et T., 1.c. p. 141, cum syn.)—c.p. 1034. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island, ascending to 
an elevation of 1500 feet. 

4. G. coffeoides, H.f. et T., 1c. p. 141.—o.P. 2503. 

Haz. Haragam and other places on the Lower Badulla Road from 
Kandy, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 

Flores flavo-virides. Carpella nigro-purpurea. Semina oblonga, 7 lin. longa, 
5 lin. lata, levia, fusca, suleco undulato circumcincta. 

5. G. persiceefolia, H-f. et T., l.c. p. 140. 

This species, found by Captain Champion near Galle, I have never been so fortu- 
nate as to meet with. It would appear, from the description in ‘ Flora Indica,’ to 
bear considerable resemblance to Polyalthia Moonii. 


12. ANAXAGOREA, St. Hilaire. 
1, A. Zeylanica, Hf. et T., lc. p. 144. 


T have not yet met with this species, nor are there any specimens of it in this 
Herbarium ; so I can add nothing to the description given of it in ‘ Flora Indica.’ 


13. MILIUSA, Lesch. ; 


1. MM. , Gardn. MSS. (Ff. et T., lc. p. 148.) 

Vars. a and 8 (c.P. 194) ; ramulis foliisque junioribus parce strigosis. 

Var. y. tomentosa (c.P, 1036); ramulis foliisque subtus plus minus 
tomentosis. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1500 to 3000 feet. 


The extreme forms of the above varieties look very distinct, but they pass into 
each other by such insensible gradations, that it is quite impossible to separate them 
by well-defined characters. The small exterior petals vary from being subequal to 
nearly three times the length of the sepals; the carpels, too, are either subsessile or 


on pedicels nearly two lines in length. The leaves are occasionally subrotund and 
cordate at the base. 


Monimiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 11 


2. M. Zeylanica, Gardner, MSS. (Hf. et T.,1.c. p. 149.)—c.v. 2678. 

Has. South of the island, at no great elevation. 

Carpelia subsessilia, glabra, minute granulata. 

Closely allied to the preceding, but distinguished by its larger and more acute 
leaves, shorter peduncles, and narrower petals. 


14. ALPHONSEA, Hf. et T. 


1, A. Zeylanica, Hf. et T., lc. p. 153.—~c.p. 1039. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 
Flores viridi-ochracei. Carpella breviter fulvo-tomentosa, dura, lignosa. 


2. A. sclerocarpa, Thw. (c.p. 2727) ; foliis lanceolatis, obtusis, basi 
angustatis, coriaceis, reticulatis, glaberrimis, superne nitidis, subtus 
opacis, pallidioribus ; fasciculis multifloris; carpellis subosseis, grosse 
verrucosis, brevi-pedicellatis. 

Has. Haragam, etc., on the Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, up 
to an elevation of 1500 feet. 

Arbor, Ramuli cinerei, rugosi; gemme fulvo-pilose. Folia 2~8} poll. longa, 
¢-1 poll. lata, petiolo 2-lin. longo. Pedunculi vix 4 lin. longi, extra-alares. 
Pedicelli ¥ poll. longi, medio 1-bracteati, fusco-pilosi. Sepala minuta. Petala + 
poll. longa, pallide ochracea, externe pilosa. Stamina 15, 2-3-serialia. Ovaria 
3-5, stylo depresso. Ovula circiter 8. Carpella 3-5, stellatim disposita, 1-2 poll. 
longa, subglobosa, breviter fulvo-tomentosa, pedicello robusto, 3 poll. longo. 
Semina biserialia. 


VI. MYRISTICACE. 


1. MYRISTICA, Lin. 


1. M.Irya, Gertn. (H.f. et T., Fl. Ind. p. 159, cum syn.; Alph. 
DC. Prod. xiv., p. 202.)—c.p. 2620. 

Has. Not uncommon in damp places, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Eereya-gass.” 

2. M. Zeylanica, Alph. DC. Ann. Sc. Nat. ser. 4, vol. iv., p. 29; 
Prod. xiv., p. 190.—c.P. 2923. 
ee Banks of rivers, at no great elevation. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Mala- 

e.” 
3. M. laurifolia, H.f. et T., |. c. p. 163; ro as DC. Prod. xiv., p. 191. 


_ —M. diospyrifolia, Alph. DC., 1. c.—c.P. 416. 


Has. Central Province, in the forests, at an elevation of 1500 to 4000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Malabodde.” 

4, M. Horsfieldii, Bl. (H-f. et T., 1. c. p. 163, cumsyn.; Alph. DC. 
Prod. xiv., p. 200.)—c.P. 221. pat 

Haz. Abundant in the Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora districts, up 
to an elevation of 1000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Rook-gass.” 

The very fragrant male flowers are used by the natives as a perfume for scenting 
their clothes, 


VII. MONIMIACE. 


1. HORTONIA, Wight. 
1. Hi. floribunda, Wight, (If. et T., 1. c. p. 166.) 


12 ENUMERATION OF [ Menispermacee. 


Var. a. acuminata, H.f. et T., lc. (Hort. floribunda and H. acu- 
minata, Wight, Ic.) —c.p. 1027. 

Var. 8. ovalifolia (Hort. ovalifolia, Wight, Ic.)—o.P. 159, 161, 175. 

Var. y. angustifolia; foliis inert igtieniatie ; floribus multo minoribus 
quam in varr. a et 8.—c.P. 1026. ; 

Has. Vars. a and 8. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000-7000 
feet. Var. y. In the neighbourhood of Galle, at no great elevation. 
Nom. vulg. “ Waaweya.” 

’ Flores pallide viridi-flavi. Drupe carnose, pulpose, rubro-nigricantes. 

Between varieties a and B of this species there are intermediate forms, by which 
they pass insensibly into one another, and they both occur at considerable ele- 
vations on the hills of the Central Province. Variety y, however, may be consi- 
dered a permanent or sub-permanent one, as it is a much more delicate plant, 
with far smaller flowers, and occurs at no great elevation above the level of the sea. 
I shall have occasion to notice, in this “Enumeration,” similar varieties of several 
other species. 


‘ 


VIII. MENISPERMACE®. 


1. COSCINIUM, Colebr. 


A a CG. fenestratum, Colebr. (H.f. et T., 1. ¢. p. 178, cum syn.)—C.P. 


Has. Central and Southern Provinces, up to an elevation of 1500 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Weniwel.” 


nae infusion of the wood of this plant is employed by the Cinghalese as a bitter 
nic, 


2. TINOSPORA, Miers. 


1. T. tomentosa, Miers, (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 183, cum syn.)—c.P. 2804, 
Has. On the Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, at no great eleva- 
tion. Nom. vulg. “ Bookinda.” 


2. T. cordifolia, Miers, (H.f. et T., 1. c. p.184, cum syn.)—c.P. 1053. 
Has. Warm, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Rassakinda.” 


An infusion of the young stems of this plant is used as a remedy in fevers. 
3. ANAMIRTA, Colebr. 
1. A. Cocculus, W. et A. (Hf. et T., 1. c. p- 185, cum syn.)—c.P. 


Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “Tetti-wel.” ; 


. 4. TILIACORA, Colebr. 
1. T. acuminata, Miers, (H.f. et T., 1. c. p- 187, cum syn.)—c.pP. 1056. 


Has. North-eastern parts of the island, at no great elevation. 
er. ‘ 


5. LIMACTA, Lour. 
1, L. cuspidata, Hf. et T., 1. ¢. p. 189.—c.p. 1051. 


Berberidee.] CEYLON PLANTS. - 13 


Has. Common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Nirriwel.” 


_ 6. COCCULUS, DC. 


1. G. macrocarpus, W. et A. (H.f. et T., lic. p- 191, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 1052. 
Has. Central Province, not uncommon. 


7. STEPHANIA, Lour. 


‘ - a Walpers, (H.f. et T., lc. p. 196, cum syn.)— 
C.P. 2757. 
Has. Common in the Central Province. 


8. CISSAMPELOS, Lin. 


1. C. Pareira, Lin. (H.f. et T., l. c. p. 198, cum syn.)—c.P. 169. 

Has. Very common throughout the ‘lead. Nom. vulg. “ Deyamitta.” 

2. C. subpeltata, Thw. (c.P. 168); foliis cordatis vel rotundato-acutis 
obtusatisve, subpeltatis, apiculatis, superne parce pilosis, subtus cinereis, 
subtomentosis ; ram. bracteis parvis, oblongis oblatisve, utrinque hir- 
sutissimis, apiculo subeequilongo ; drupis oblongis. : 

Has. Dubaghmows and Ratnapoora Districts, at no great elevation. 

Ramuli striati, parce pubescentes. Folia 2-8 poll. longa et equilata. Petioli 
13-23 poll. longi, striati, pubescentes, prope marginem folii affixi. Panicule plus 
minus elongate, subtomentose. Drupa 2 lin. longe, 12 lin. late. 

This seems to be a very distinct species, the female inflorescence wanting the large 
foliaceous bracts so characteristic of C. Pareira. The drupes of C. subpeltata are 
also much larger than those of its congener. 


9. CYCLEA, Arn. 


1. ©. Burmanni, Miers, (H.f. et T., lc. p. 201, cum syn.)—c.P. 1049. 
Has. Very abundant throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “Caahe- 
pittang.” : 
2. G. peltata, H.f. et T., p. 201, cum syn. 
I know nothing of this plant, never having collected any specimens of the genus 
but what seemed to be all referable to one species. 


10. PACH YGONE, Miers. 
ei P. ovata, Miers, (H.f. et T., 1. c. p. 203, cum syn.)—c.P. 1050, 
Has. Dry, hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 


IX. BERBERIDE. 
: 1. BERBERIS, Lin. 


1. B. aristata DC. (Hf. et T., 1. c. p. 222, cum syn.)—c.p. 2405. 
Has. N ewera Ellia, sed other elevated parts of the island, abundant. 


14 ENUMERATION OF | Capparidacee. 


xX. NYMPHAACEA. 


1. NYMPHASA, Lin. 


1. N. Lotus, Lin. (H.f. et T., 1. c. p. 241, cum syn.) 
Var. a. Lotus (c.P. 1020). 

Var. 8. pubescens (c.P. 1019). 

Has. Not uncommon in the lower parts of the island. 


2. N. stellata, Willd. (H.f. et T., 1. c. p. 243, cum syn.)—c.p. 1021. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 
I have never seen any but the pale, whitish variety in Ceylon. 


XI. NELUMBIACEZ. 


1. NELUMBIUM, Juss. 


1. N. speciosum, Willd. (H.f. et T., l.c. p. 248, cum syn.)—c.p. 1022. 
Has. Colombo, and elsewhere in the island. 


XII. CRUCIFERA. 


1. CARDAMINE, Lin. 


1. C. hirsuta, Lin.—c.P. 2962. 

Var. major ; sepissime trifoliolata.—c.p. 1017. 

Has. Not uncommon in the more elevated parts of the island, above 
4000 feet. The trifoliolate variety occurs in shady woods. 


XIII. CAPPARIDACE. 


1. GYNANDROPSIS, DC. 


1. G. pentaphylla, DC. Prod. i. 238, cum syn.—c.p. 2640. 
Has. Common in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. “ Waila.” 


2. CLEOME, DC. 


1. ©. monophylla, Lin. (DC. Prod. i. 239.)—c.pr. 2792. 
‘oe Cultivated ground, common. The flowers are of a dull-purple 
colour. 


2. ©. aspera, Koenig, (DC. Prod. i. 241.)—c.r. 1068. 
Has. Dry sandy ground, common. 


3. POLANISIA, Rafin. 


1. P. viscosa, 8. icosandra, DC. Prod. i. 242.—c.p. 1073. 
Has. Very common in cultivated ground. 


4. CRATAIVA, Lin. 
1. C. Roxburghii, R. Br. (W. et A., Prod. i. 23.)—c.r. 1067. 


Capparidacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 15 


Has. North-eastern parts of the island, at no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg. “ Loonoowarana.”’ 


5. CADABA, Forsk. 


1. C. trifoliata, W. et A. Prod. i. 24.—0c.pP. 1066. 
Has. Northern part of the island, Gardner. 

2. ©. Indica, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. 24.)—c.p. 1070. 
Has. Northern part of the island, Gardner. 


6. MAERUA, Forsk. 


1, M. oblongifolia, A. Rich. Tent. FI. Abyss. i. 32, t. 5.—Niebuhria 
oblongifolia, DC. Prod. i. 244; Hook. Ie. ii. t. 128.—c.p. 1064. 
Haz. Trincomalee, Gardner. 


7. CAPPARIS, Lin. 


Sect. 1. 


1. ©. brevispina, DC. Prod. i. 246, (W. et A. Prod. i. 24, cum syn.) 
Var. a. brevispina (C. brevispina, DC.)—c.p. 1062 and 2509. 
Var. 8. Rheedii (C. Rheedii, DC.)—c.v. 1060. 
Var. y. rotundifolia (C. rotundifolia, Rotth. ; Willd.)—c.r. 1059. 
Has. Very abundant in the hot, dry northern parts of the island. 
May not one of the forms of this species be the C. Zeylanica of Linneus ? 


2. me stylosa, DC. Prod. i. 246, (W. et A. Prod. i. 25, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 1072. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


Sect. 2. 


3. C. horrida, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 26, cum syn.)—c.P. 1058. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 


4, ©. tetrasperma, Thw. (c.r. 614) ; stipulis spinosis, brevibus, 


uncinatis ; foliis ovatis, acuminatis, glabris ; Junioribus parce pubes- 
centibus ; sepalis glabris, margine lanatis ; petalis interne glabris, ex- 
terne lanuginosis. 


Piero Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, up to an elevation of 1500 


Frutex scandens. Ramuli teretes, minute striati, glabri. Folia 13-23 poll. 
longa, =-1{ poll. lata, petiolo 2 poll. longo. Pedicelli supra-axillares, seepissime 3, 
~seriales, 6 lin. longi. Petala oblonga, 2 lin. longa, sepala ovalia acuta parum 
excedentia. Stamina circiter 20, Ovarium oblongum, attenuatum ; gynophoro 
Pedicellum subsequante ; placentis 2, 2-8-ovulatis. Ovuda brevi-stipitata, Nuculania 
- Slobosa, 4 lin. in diam., seepissime 4-sperma. 
This is probably the C. Zeylanica of De Candolle, but can scarcely be the plant so 
__ Galled by Linneeus, the leaves of which are described as “ subpetiolata;” nor can it 
Well be the C. acuminata, Willd. (C. Zeylanica, W. et A.), which is stated to have 
_ the leaves tomentose beneath, and the spiny stipules straight. 


Sect. 3. 


1); ©: Roxburghii, DC. Prod. i. 247; W. et A. Prod. i. 26; R. W. 
_Te.4, 1048. —o.». 1065, 2480. 


16 ENUMERATION OF [ Flacourtiacee. 


Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 


Petala albida. Ovarium oblongum, attenuatum ; placentis 5, pluriovulatis. Ovula 
subsessilia. Nuculania globosa. Semina numerosa. 


6. ©. Moonii, R. W. Illust. i. p. 35.—c.r. 2415. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Frutex scandens, maximus, glaberrimus ; s¢ipulis spinosis, uncinatis. Folia 4-6 
poll. longa, 14-21 lata, oblonga, acuminata, acumine reflexo, basi rotundata, petiolo 
circiter 3 poll. longo. Peta/a alba, parce pilosa, sepadis rotundatis circiter 1 poll. 
longis bis longiora. Stamina numerosa, filamentis albis, 34 poll. longis. Ovarium 
ampulleforme, gynophoro 4 poll. longo, placentis 4, pluriovulatis. Ovula longe- 
stipitata. Nuculanza globosa, circiter 4 poll. in diam. Semina numerosa, fabee 
magne magnitudine. . 

7. ©. retusella, Thw. (c.P. 2550); ramis ramulisque ferrugineo- 
tomentosis, stipulis spinosis uncinatis armatis; foliis parvis, ovatis, 
versus apicem retusum angustatis; racemis terminalibus, 5-6-floris ; 
pedicellis horizontalibus ; floribus parvis. 

: Has. Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, up to an elevation of 1500 
eet. : 

Folia 1-2 poll. longa, 8-6 lin. lata, glabra, juniora ferrugineo-pilosa. Petioli 
1} lin. longi, tomentosi. Pedicedli glabri, 6 lin. longi, basi dractea minuta 
lanceolata tomentosa suffulti.  Sepala rotundata, albo-marginata, glabra, parce 
ciliata, 2 lin. longa. Petala alba, glabra, ciliata, oblonga, 3 lin. longa. Stamina 
circiter 30, gynophorum 4 lin. longum quantia. Ovarium oblongum, apice atte- 
nuatum ; placentis 2, pluriovulatis. Ovuda brevi-stipitata. Nuculania globosa, 8 
lin. in diam, 

8. CG. pedunculosa, Wall. No. 6999, (W. et A. Prod. i. 27.)—c.p. 1069. 
i eae Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, up to an elevation of 1500 

eet. 


9. C. grandis, Hb. Heyne, (W. et A. Prod. i. 27.)\—c.pr. 1071. 
Has. North-east of the island, Gardner. 


10. ©. sepiaria, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 26, cum syn.)—c.r. 1063. 
Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


XIV. FLACOURTIACEZA. 


BIXEE. 
1. BIXA, Lin. 


1, B. Orellana, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 31, cum syn.)—c.p. 2821. 
Has. Kornegalle, Four Korles, ete., but scarcely truly wild. 


PROCKEZ. 
2. PHOBEROS, Lour. 
. Sect. 1.—Foliis ad petioli apicem biglandulosis. 
1. P. Arnottianus, Thw. (c.p. 3526) ; foliis ovalibus, apicem versus 
obscure serratis ;_sepalis 8-10, oblongis. 
Has. I know of this species only from two not very old trees growing 


in the Botanic Garden, where there is no record of whence they were 
procured. Nom. vulg. “ Katookooroondoo.” 


Arbor mediocris. Truncus spinis magnis compositis armatus. Ramuli plerumque 


ca 


Flacourtiacea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 17 


inermes. Folia .14-2} poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, apice obscure et brevissime 
acuminato, rotundato vel retuso. Petiole } poll: longi. Nuculania pisi magnitu- 
dine, subglobosi, pulposi, rubro-nigrescentes. 
_ There can be little doubt, I think, of this being Geertner’s plant, from the number 
of sepals being frequently 8, as he has figured them. It can scarcely be the P. 
_ macrophyllus, W. et A. Prod. i. 30, as the leaves are scarcely acuminated, and the - 
fruit is pulpy, not dry. 


Sect. 2.—Foliis basi eglandulosis. 

2. P. Gertneri, Thw.; ¢runco armato; foliis utrinque venis promi- 
nentibus reticulatis ; sepalis 10, rotundatis, obtidiia = Teac pusilla, 
Gertn. i. 279. t. 58, 4. iat ‘ 

_ Var. a. oblongifolius (c.p. 2497); foliis oblongis, basi apiceque ple- 
rumque rotundatis. : - ’ : 

Var. 8. cordifolius (Scolopia pusilla, Moon’s Cat.)—c.P. 1076 ; foliis 
ovato- vel rotundato-cordatis, ohisiis vel subacuminatis. 

Var. y. lanceolatus (c.P. 64, 181, 211) ; foliis lanceolatis, basi apiceque 
plus minus angustatis. : 

Haz. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
Var. 8. Hot paris of the island, and especially near the seacoast. 
Var. y. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Katoo-koo-~ 
roondoo.” ' 

Arbor mediocris, Folia (varr. a. et y.) 1-2 poll. longa, 3-3 poll. lata; (var. B.) 
valde variantia. Nucu/ania subglobosa, pisi magnitudine, pulposa, rubro-nigrescentia. 

It is impossible to retain Geertner’s specific name of pusil/us for this, which forms 
alarge tree. The leaves of var. 7 are less coriaceous and more minutely reticulated 
than those of vars. a and 8, and it may possibly be a distinct species. 


3. P. acuminatus, Gardner, MSS. (c.p. 1077) ; foliis glabris, ovato- — 


lanceolatis, Jonge acuminatis, apicem versus obtusum serratis, basi 
oe phages ; sepalis 10-12, late lanceolatis. : 
4B. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. * Katookenda.” . 
Arbor mediocris, junior spinosa, denique inermis. Folia 2-33 poll. longa, . 
1-1} poll. lata, subtus pallidiora, obscure et delicatule venosa. Petioli 2-3 lin. 
» longi. Nueulania subglobosa, cerasi magnitudine, carnosa, viridia, firma nec 
pulposa, ‘ 
A. PB, Hookerianus, Wight, MSS. (c.p. 629) ; foliis ovatis, subacu- 
minatis, obtusis, basi angustatis, margine parce undulatis; sepalis 
12-14, oblongis. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. ae 
' Arbor ingens, junior spinosa, denique inermis. Folia 14-2 poll. longa, I, 
lata, valde otnees pred weil aibiontions reticulata. Petioh vix 2 lin. longi. 
Nuculania cerasi magnitudine vel majora, carnosa, viridia, firma nec pulposa. 


FLACOURTIED. 


, 3, FLACOURTIA, Commers. : 
1. F. sepiaria, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 29, cum syn.)—c.P. 1650, 
Has. Hot, drier meat the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 


2. F. sapida, Roxb. (W. et A., l. c.)—c.P. 2583. 
Has. Contéel Paovinbs at an elevation of 1500 to 3000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. Oogoora ssa.” 


v 


eee ENUMERATION OF [ Pangiacee. 


Arbor mediocris. Truncus spinis magnis compositis armatus.. Ramuli cortice 
cinerascenti; spinis paucis, simplicibus, axillaribus. Folia 2-3 poll. longa, 14-2 
_ poll. lata, superne nitida, reticulatim venosa, subtus pallidiora. Nuculania cerasi — 
i magnitudine, rubro-nigrescentia. ; ‘ z 
The fruit of this tree is eaten, when quite ripe, by the natives; but when unripe 
it is extremely astringent, 


4. ROUMEA, Poit. 


1, R. hebecarpa, Gardner, in Calcutta Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. 
p- 9 (c.P. 1075); arborea, inermis, foliis petiolatis, ovato-oblongis vel 
oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi subobtusis, integris vel dentato- 
serratis, supra nitidis pubescentibus, subtus pallidis, tomentosis ; 2w- 
culaniis globosis, velutinis.— Gardner. \ we 

Has. Condasalle, Maturatte, ete. Nom, vulg. “ Katambilla.” 

Arbor mediocris, 16=20-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, cinerei, tuberculati, juniores 
rufescentes, tomentosi. o/za circiter 4 poll. longa, 2 lata, petiolo circiter 4 lin. - 
longo, costa venis primariisque rufescentibus. Mas. Pedunculi brevissimi, seepe 
geminati. Pedicells 10-20, umbellati, circiter 4 lin. longi, pubescentes. Calyx 
profunde 5-7-partitus, /odis lanceolatis, acutis, pubescentibus. Stamina numerosa ; 
Jilamentis filiformibus, calycis segmenta «quantibus; antheris introrsis, obtusis. 
Ovarit rudimentum nullum vel parvum, Discus Aypogynus nullus. Fam. Pedicelli 
1-3. Calycis lobi ovato-lanceolati, acuti, persistentes, circiter 3} lin. longi. 
Ovarium dense pubescens, subglobosum, disco annulari crenulato cinctwin, placentis 
5-7, 2-ovulatis. Styli divergentes, 14 lin. longi, pilosi. Stigmata radiatim 
fimbriata. Nuceulania circiter 1 poll. in diam.—A descript, cl. Gardner pracipue 
excerpt. 

The acid fruit of this species is eaten by the Cinghalese. 


ERYTHROSPERME #. 


5. ERYTHROSPERMUM, Lam. 


1. E. phytolaccoides, Gardner, |. c. p. 11 (c.p. 468) ; foliis sparsis, 
petiolatis, oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, utrinque glaber- 
rimis, integris vel obscure serratis ; racemis paniculatis, axillaribus 
__terminalibusque, folia subequantibus ; sepalis 5, ovatis, obtusis, con- 
cavis ; petalis ovato-oblongis, ciliatis ; antheris sagittatis— Gardner. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, up to an elevation of 
1500 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, 20~-30-pedalis. Ramuli glabri, teretes. Folia alterna, superne 
nitida, subtus pallidiora, venis prominentibus reticulata, 34-8 poll. longa, 13-3 poll. 
lata. Petioli 3-8 lin. longi, superne sulcati, basi apiceque tumiduli. Stipule 
minute, lanceolate, rufescentes. Racemi multiflori. Pedunculi glabri, obtusanguli, 
albidi. Pedicelli 2-3 lin. longi, basi 3-bracteolati. ‘Sepala albida, rufo-tincta, - 
cireiter 2 lin. longa. Petala alba, ovato-oblonga, obtusa, ciliata, sepalis sequilonga. 
Ovaridm oblongam, glabrum. Capsula globosa, 3-5 lin. in diam., fere ad basin 
3-4-valva, oligosperma.—A descript. cl. Gardner precipue excerpt. Ss 


. 
' 


XV. PANGIACER. 


1. HYDNOCARPUS, Gertner. 


_ i. &. inebrians, Vahl, (non W. et A. Prod. i. 30, et R. W. Il. 
i. 38. t. 16.)—H. venenata, Gertner, Fruct. i. 288. t. 60, 3.—c.P. 1630. 


+s wt 


Samydacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. ‘. 19 


_ Has. Banks of rivers, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

*Makooloo.” ; 
Arbor magua. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, serrata vel subintegra, basi plus minus — 
angustata, agg 2 Sepala rotundata, petalis rotundatis, ciliatis, 1} lin. longis 
parce longiora. Sguamule rotundate, acuminate, ferrugineo-strigose. Nuculania 
circiter 1 poll. in diam., ferruginco-tomentosa, demum nigrescentia. é 

The fruit of this plant is used by the Cinghalese for intoxicating fish. The dil 
extracted from the seeds is employed as a remedy in cutaneous complaints. - 

2. H. octandrus, Thw. in Hooker’s Journ. of Bot. vol. vii. (1855) 
p- 197.—c.P. 2640. ; 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of about 2500 feet. 

3. HZ. alpinus, Wight, Ic. t. 942.—c.p. 2918. 

Has. Saffragam and Bintenne Districts, at no great elevation. 


2. TRICHADENIA, Thw. l.c. 


1, T. Zeylanica, Thw. |. c. 196. t. 5.—c.p. 2505. 

Hae. Central Province, at an elevation of about 3000 feet, not un- 
common. Nom. vulg. “ Tettigass.”” 

The oil extracted from the seeds is used for diseases of the skin of children. 


* 
: 


XVI. SAMYDACEH. 


1. CASEARIA, Jacq. 


1. ©. tomentosa, Roxb. (DC. Prod. ii. 51.)—c.p. 1248. 
Has. Jaffna and Sigre, Gardner. 

Ramuli pubescentes. Folia oblonga, utrinque angustata, obtusa, crenata, 3-4 
“poll. longa, 1-14 lata, superne subglabra, subtus pubescentia. Petioli pubescentes, 
$ poll. longi. Ovarium 3-placentatum. : ee. 

2. G. Beylanica, (C. ovata, Willd.? C. esculenta, Roxb.? Vareca 
Zeylanica, Gertn. Fruct. i. 290. t. 60, 6.)—0.P. 415, 2603; foliis lan-— 
. ceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, integris vel obscure dentatis, nitidis, 
reticulatis, jwnioribus parce hirsutis ; staminibus 8 ; ovario hirsuto, 3- 
placentato ; stigmate in medio depresso. ‘ 3 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, very common, up to an elevation of . 
1500 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-wareka.”  ~ 

Arbor mediocris. . Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata. Petioli 4-4 poll. longi. 

3. C. Championi, Thw. (c.P. 2608); foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceglatis, 
acuminatis, glabris, nitidis, reticulatis ; staminibus 8; ovario glabro, 3- 
placentato; stigmate plano, obscure 3-lobato. ; 

Has. Cen Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, Ramuli, cum foliis junioribus, rufescentes, glabri. Folia 3-6 
poll. longa, 14-2$ lata. Petioli 4-$ poll. longi. — 
4. CG. varians, Thw.; foliis glabris, subopacis, integris vel rarius 
parce crenatis, obscure reticulatis, basi acutis ; staminibus sepissime 7; 
ovario glabro, 2-placentato; stigmate obscure 2-lobo. 

_ Var. a. ovata fee 9604 and 2657); foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceola- 


Var. 8. minor (c.p. 3365) ; foliis ut in var. a, sed multo minoribus. 


20 —- ENUMERATION OF | Violacee. 


Var. y. obovata (0.P. 1217, 1247) ; foliis obovatis, apice obtuse sub- 
acuminato, rotundato vel-retuso. 

Has. Vars. a and 8 in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 
to 5000 feet. Var. y at Newera Ellia, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 
feet. 

Variety a of this species bears considerable resemblance to C. Ohampioni, as re- 
gards the shape and size of the leaves, but in other respects is sufficiently distinct. 


5. ©. coriacea, Thw. (c.p. 465); folits obovatis, brevissime acumi- 
natis, obtusis, basi angustatis, coriaceis, creberrime reticulatis, glabris, 
-superne (siccis) nigricantibus, subtus cinereis ; staminibus 6-8, squamis 
truneatis pilosis multo longioribus ; ovario glabro, 2-placentato. 
Has. Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 
Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-3 poll. longa, 14-14 lata. Petioli 2-3 lin. longi. 
This species a good deal resembles the variety y of C. varians, but the leaves are 
far more coriaceous, and more densely reticulated. 


2. OSMELIA, Thw. 


Cuar. Gun.—Calyx 5-partitus. Stamina 10 (5 cum totidem squa- 
mulis profunde bilobis, dense pilosis alternantia, 5 in earundem squa- 
mularum sinubus singulatim inserta), omnia fertilia, subeequalia. Styli 
3, incurvati. Capsula subcoriacea, 3-valvis. Semina pauca. ’ 


_1. O. Gardneri, Thw. (Casearia paniculata, Gardner, MSS.)—c.. 
1246. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. Not 
common. é 

Arbor mediocris, cortice levi. Ramuli teretes, juniores pilosi. -Foléa integra, 
 ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, glabra, pennivenia, 24-4 poll. longa, I-14 poll. lata. 
Petiolt superne sulcati, 2-3 lin. longi. Stipu/e minute, decidue. Racemi termi- 
nales, elongati, interrupti, multiflori, pubescentes, paniculati. Flores brevissime pe-— 
dicellati, albidi, plus minus rufo-tincti, singuli involucello minuto cupuliformi basi 
unibracteato suffulti. Cadycts lobé rotundati, externe parce pilosi. Stamina exserta. 
Ovarium oblongum, dense pilosum, 3-placentatum ; placentis 2-3-ovulatis. Capsula 
subglobosa, 1-4-sperma. Semina subglobosa, ari//o carnoso, rubro; festa membra-_ 
nacea, a 


XVII. VIOLACER. 


1. VIOLA, Lin. - 


1. V. Patrinii, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 32, cum syn.)—c.P. 1087. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. Not 


Sao. 
- 2. 6 Wightiana, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. 1.c,; R. W. Illust. 943.)— 
c.P. 153. 


c hen a. pubescens ; planta tota plus minus pubescens, foliis crenato- . 
serra S. * ™~ 
Var. oregon 3 planta tota glabra, foliis obscure crenato-serratis. 
Has. - a, Central Province, very abundant, at an elevation of 
4000 to 8000 feet. Var. 8 in wet, spongy places, at Newera Ellia. 


ae 2. IONIDIUM, Ventn.- 
1. I. suffruticosum, Ging. in DC. (W. et A. Prod. ].¢.; RB. W. Il. 
308.)—c.P. 76. BES a8 : 


Droseracea. | CEYLON PLANTS. a 


Has. Hot, dry, exposed places, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
Common. 

2, I. ramosissimum , Thw. (c.p. 1084); fruticosum, suberectum, fo- 
lis linearibus, apiculatis, levibus, integerrimis, glaucis, marginibus re- 
volutis. 

Has. Banks of the Mahawelliganga at Haragam. _ 

Closely allied to the preceding species, but besides the characters mentioned above, 
the stems are much more woody, and the internodes shorter, than in L. suffruticosum. 
In the inflorescence of the two species I can discover no difference; and the glandu- 
lar-tipped stipules are alike in both. 


3. ALSODEIA, Thouars. 


1. A. Zeylanica, Thw. (Pentaloba Zeylanica, Arn. Mag. of Zool. and 
Bot. ii. 543.)—c.p. 2669. ‘ 

Has. Ratnapoora District. Not uncommon. ; 

Frutex erectus, 10-12-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, cinerei, opaci, juniores pilosi. 
Folia lanceolata vel ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, 24-6 poll. longa, 1-23 poll. lata, 

nitida, reticulata, dentata. Petio/i 24-5 lin. longi, superne sulcati. Stipule lanceo- 
"lates, acute, appressee, 3—4 lin. longee, rufo-fuscee, subpersistentes. Fascicult pluri- 
bracteolati, bracteolis acutis, rufo-fuscis. Pedicelli circiter 1 lin. longi. Flores al- 
bidi. “Calycis Jodi \anceolati, acuti, petalis apice recurvatis, plus quam dimidio bre- 
viores, rufo-tincti. Urceolus rufescens, 5-crenatus; crenaturis filamentis supra basin 
insertis oppositis. Staminum filamenta cum ligulis alba, antherarum \oculi introrsi, 
flavi. Stigma trilobum. 


¢ 4, Gen. Nov. SCYPHELLANDRA, Thw. 


Sepala 5. Petala 5. Glandule 5, minute, carnose, petalis alter- 
nantes, staminum 5 dorso appressee. -Anthere subsessiles, marginibus 
cohzrentes, sin oe connectivo lato in ligulam apicalem, liberam, mem- 
branaceam producto. Ovariwm sessile, 1-loculare ; stylo lineari; stig- 
mate 3-lobato. Capsula 3-valvis, 3-4-sperma. : 

1. S. virgata, Thw.; foliis alternis, ovatis vel oblongis, denticulatis, 
glabris; basi apiceque obtusis, petiolatis—c.P. 1085. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

Frutex parvus. Ramuli virgati, cinerei, striati; juniores pilis curvatis pubes- 
centes. Folia magnitudine efiam in ramo uno valde varia, 13-14 lin. longa, 1-6 
lin. lata, Petio/i 4-1 lin. longi, pubescentes. Stipwle minute, lanceolate. Pe- 
dunculi axillares, solitarii, 1-flori, 1-2 lin. longi, basi pluri-bracteolati. Sepala 
ovata, acuminata, peta/is lineari-oblongis, 5-nervis, circiter 1 lin. longis plus quam 
dimidio breviora. Capsula 24 lin. longa. 

This interesting little plant has the anthers of Hymenanthera and the carpels and 
- humerous bracteole of Alsodeia, thus forming a connecting link between the two 

genera, : ; . ; ’ 


* XVIII. DROSERACEZ. 
E 1, DROSERA, Lin. 


1. D. Burmanni, Vahl, (W. et A- Prod. i. 34, cum syn; R. W. Te. 
So age 1089. | i 
. Not uncommon throughout the island. 
2. D. Indica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. 1. c. cum. syn.)—c.P. 1088. 
Has. South of the island. Not common. 


. 


22 ENUMERATION OF [ Polygalacee. 


3. D. lunata, Ham. (DO. Prod. i. 319.)—c.p. 2553, 
Has. Common in the most elevated districts of the island. 


XIX. POLYGALACER. 


1. POLYGALA, Lin. 


1. P. telephioides, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 36, cum syn.)—c.P, 1080. 

Has. Colombo, Haragam, ete. 

2, P. rosmarinifolia, W. et A. Prod. i. 37 (non Eck. et Zeyh.). 

Var. a. mucronata (c.P. 715 et 1083) ; foliis glabris vel parce pubes- 
centibus, bracteolis longe mucronatis. : 

- Var. 8. puberula (c.P. 1082); foliis pubescentibus, bracteolis raro 
mucronulatis, 

Has. Not very common, but generally distributed, occurring from 
the level of the sea up to’ an elevation of 4000 feet. 

I have hitherto been disposed to consider vars. a and distinct species, but they 
resemble each other so closely in most respects that it is perhaps hardly safe to sepa- 
rate them on account of such trivial differences as the greater or less pubescence of 
the foliage, or the bracteoles being mucronate or otherwise. 


3. P. elongata, Klein, in Willd. Sp. iii. 879 ;, DC. Prod. i. 332.—P. 
densiflora, Blume, Bijd. 59.—(c.P. 7, 260, et 592.) 

Var. B. hirsutula.—P. hirsutula, Arn, . 4 (322.)—c.p. 1079, 1081. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

This is a very variable species, especially in the form and hairiness of the leaves, 
and length of the racemes. The flowers, which are of a bluish or a purple colour,.- - 
are very uniform in size and structure throughout the several varieties. The narrow 
border of the capsule is pubescent with curved hairs, and with these are frequently 
intermixed straight, longer hairs. Var. 8 occurs on banks at Newera Ellia, and is only 
a stunted form of the plant. 

4. P. Javana, DC. Prod. i. 327 (W. et A. Prod. i. 38.)—c.r. 184. 

Var. B. angustifolia : foliis lineari-oblongis. 

Has. Var. a, north of the island, Gardner. Var. B, Balangodde, 
Gardner, and Matturatte. 

5. BP. leptalea, DC. Prod. i. 325.— P. oligophylla, DC.,1. e—c.v. 3550. 
Has. Nilgalla, in the Badalla District ; amongst high grass, rare. 
6. P. arillata, Ham. (W. et A. Prod. i. 39; R. W. Icon. 946.)—c.P. 

434 et 517. a 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


. 2. SALOMONIA, Lour. aa 
1. 8. oblongifolia, DC. Prod. i, 334 (S. leptostachya, Wall. Cat.)— 


E-O.P. 1086. 


Has. Swampy ground in the south of the island. = 
Mr. W. Ferguson, who has beep examining Hermann’s Herbarium in the British 


_ Museum, informs me that this plant is there called Polygala ciliata. 
2. S. cordata, Arn. Pugillus, 4 (322.)—S. cordata et 8S! obovata, 
Wight, Illust. 49 et 50. t. 22 B, etc.—o.p. 2906. : 
4B. Similar places with the preceding. 
The spikes of flowers are more compact in this species, and the cilia upon the 
capsules are much longer, fe te i. 


Portulacee. | : : CEYLON PLANTS. 23 


3, KANTHOPHYLLUM, Roxb. 


1, %. flavescens, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 39, cum syn.)—o.P. 1244. 
Has. South of the island, at no great elevation. 


XX. TAMARISCINEZ. 


1. TRICHAURUS (Arn: M88.), W. et A. 


1. T. ericoides, Arn. MSS. (W. et A. Prod. i. 40, cum syn; R. W. 
Iilust. 24 B.)—c.p. 1254. 


Has. N egombo, Puttam, and Moolitivoe, Gardner. 


XXI. ELATINE. 


1. BERGTIA, Linn. 


1. B. verticillata, W. et A. Prod. i. 41, cum syn.—c.p, 3551. 

Has. Swampy places in the Batticaloa District. 

2. B. ammannoides, Roxb.—Elatine (Bergia) ammannoides, W. et 
A. Prod. i. 41, cum syn. ; Wight, Illust. p. 54. t. 25 A.—c.pr. 1543. 
- Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


XXII. SESUVIACEZ Ss - 


1. TRIANTHEMA, Sauyv. 


1, T. crystallina, Vahl, (W. et Prod. i. 355, cum syn.)—c.P. 3552. 
‘Has. Batticaloa District. _ ; ; 
2. 'T. obcordata, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 355, cum syn.; R. W. 
Icon. 't. 288.)—c.P. 1102. ; 
Has. Very common on the seacoast of the island. 


_ 3. 'T. decandra, Lin. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 296.) 
—c.P. 1104. : 


_ Has. East of .the island, Gardner; Colombo, ete. Nom. vulg. 
“Saarana.” Used as a medicine. : 


2. SESUVIUM, Linn. 


LS. repens, Rottb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 361, cum syn.)—c.P. 1098. 
Has. Trincomalee, Gardner. 


‘ : ‘ 


XXIIL PORTULACES. 


1. PORTULACA, Tourn. 
1. P. oleracea, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 356, cum syn.)—c.P. 1103. 
Has. Abundant throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “Genda-kola.” 


2. P. quadrifida, Lin. (W. et A., l. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1100. 
- Has. Very abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Heen-genda-kola.” 


24 ay -ENUMERATION OF ; [ Caryophyllacee. : 


3. P. suffruticosa, R. W. (W. et A,, l.c.)—c.P- 1101. 
‘Has. Damboul, Gardner. 


XXIV. CARYOPHYLLACEZ. 


1. STELLARIA, Linn. 


1. S. drymarioides, Thw.; foliis rotundatis, apiculatis, basi in petio- 
lum angustatis, nervo intramarginali conspicuo munitis; cymis termi- 
nalibus, subdichotomis ; floribus post anthesin cernuis.—c.P. 400. 

Has. Hapootelle Pass, at an elevation of about 4000 feet. April, 
1856. 

Cauilis tetragonus, procumbens, elongatus, radicans, ramudis erectis. Folia 4-1} _ 

poll, longa et equilata, sparse pilosa, petiolo 1-4 lin. longo. Cyme viscoso-tomen- 

tose, ramis seepe elongatis. Pedicelli flores subeequantes. Sepala 5, ovata, sub- 
acuta, petalis albis divaricato-bifidis duplo longiora. Discus annularis parvus, 5- 
lobus ; /odzs rotundatis, cum petalis alternantibus. 

2. S. media, Sm.—c.pr. 3090. 

Has. Newera Ellia, probably introduced. 


2. CERASTIUM, Linn. 


1. ©. Indicum, W. et A. Prod. i. 43.—c.p. 2957. 
_ Has. Newera Ellia, Horton Plains, and other very elevated parts of 
the island, — ; 


In Ceylon specimens the leaves are lanceolate, and the flowers are of about equal 
length with their pedicels. 


3. MOLLUGO, Linn. 


_ 1. M, nudicaulis, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 43, cum syn.)—o.p. 
2809. = 

Has. Colombo, etc. : ioe: 

2. M. pentaphylla, Linn., including M. triphylla, Linn.; W. et A., 
l. e-—c.P. 1096. : 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

3. M. stricta, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 44, cum syn.)—c.P. 1097. 

Has. Not uncommon with the preceding. 

4. M. cerviana, Ser. (W. et A., l. c. eum syn.)—c.P. 1092. 

Haz. Common in hot, sandy places. Nom. vulg. “ Pat-paadagan.” 
Used as a medicine in fevers. - ; 

5. M. disticha, Ser. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1094, 

Has. Near the seacoast; not uncommon. ; : 

6. Mi. Spergula, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1095. 

‘Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. : 


4. GLINUS, Linn. 


1. G. dictamnoides, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 362.)—c.p. 2937. 
Has. Not uncommon in the hot, drier parts of the island. 
1 have found ten stamens in all the Ceylon specimens J have examined. 


Malvacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 25 


XXV. PARONYCHIACER. 


1. POLYCARPAA, Lam. 


1. P. corymbosa, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. 358, cum syn.; R. W. 
Teon. t. 712.)—c.P. 2383. 

Haz. Not uncommon in the drier parts of the island, up to an eleva- 
tion of 4000 feet. ; 


2. HAPALOSIA, Wall. 


1. HL. Loefflingiee, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 358, cum syn.)—c.P. 1090. 
Has. Warm, drier parts of the island. 


. 


3. DRYMARIA, Willd. 


- 1. D. eordata, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i, 359, cum syn.)—c.P. 1091. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. — ; 


XXVI. LINE. 


1. LINUM, Linn. 


1. L. Mysorense, Heyne, (W. et A. Prod. i, 134, cum syn.)—c.P. 


3197. : 
Has. Abundant between Newera Ellia and Badulla, at an elevation 


of from 4000 to 6000 feet. 
Folia trinervia, acuta, Petala pallide flava, rotundata, obtusa. Fi/amenta a supra- 
medio dilatata, basi coalita; dentibus intermediis nullis. 3 


XXVII. HUGONIACES. 
1. HUGONIA, Linn. 


1. HL. Mystax, Linn. (WV. et A. Prod. i. 72, cum syn.; Wight, Ilust. 
79. t. 32.)—o.P. 1185. © 
~_ Han. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
= Boogatteya.” % : 
2. Hi. ferruginea, W. et A., 1. c.—c.p. 1187. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


XXVIII. MALVACEA. 
| 1. URENA, Linn. 
1. U. lobata, Linn. (W: et A. Prod. i. 46, cum syn.)—c.P. 3328. 
Has. Ve een throughout the island. 2 vulg. “ Patta- 
appele.” Liber used for cordage. 
2. U. sinuata, Lina. (W. et A., |. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1129. 
Has. Equally common with the preceding. Nom. vulg. “ Heen- 


appele.” 
: 


26 _ ENUMERATION OF [Malvacee. 


2. PAVONIA, Cav. 


1. P. odorata, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 47, cum syn.)—c.P. 1125. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 

2. P. Beylanica, Cav. (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.) 

I have not met with a plant corresponding quite with the description given of _ 
this, and suspect it is but a form of the preceding, which I find with the leaves of 
the involucel varying in number from eleven to fifteen. Its flowers, when fresh, are 
either white or very pale red, becoming of a dull reddish colour when dry. __ : 


* 


3. HIBISCUS, Lim. 


1. H. Surattensis, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 48, cum syn.)—c.P. 1118. 
__ Has. Very common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Naapiritta.” 
2. Hi. furcatus, Roxb. (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.)—c.p. 727, oa 
Has. Very common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. + ~ 
** Heen-naapiritta.” : : 
3. Hi. Lampas, Cay. (W. et A. Prod. i. 48, cum syn.)—c.P. 3555. 
Has. Near Nilgalla, in the Badalla District. : 
: Ei. panduriformis, Burm. (W. et A. Prod. i. 50, cum syn.)—c.p. 
3528. 
Has. Borders of a tank, at Toonkimy, in the Atakalan Corle. Sep- 
_ tember, 1857. : < 
. 6, HL. vitifolius, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. euth syn.)—c.p, 1122. 
Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
6. HX. eriocarpus, DC. (W. et A., 1. ¢. cum syn.)—c.p. 1119. _ 
; Has. In the hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 
eet. : . j 
7. 41. micranthus, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 51, cum syn.)—c.p. 1126. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, very abundant. : 


4. PARITIUM, Ad. Juss. 


1. P. tiliaceum, Ad. Juss. (W. ct A. Prod. i. 52, cum syn.)—c.P. LI 
Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
vd Bellipatta.” The liber is used by the Cinghalese for rough ropes. 


5. ABELMOSCHUS, Med. 
Nom. vulg. “ Kapookanissa.” 


1, A. angulosus, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 53, cum syn.) ; involucello 
(calyce, W. et A.) subpersistente ; calyce membranaceo, tenero, spathe- 
formi, cum corolla deciduo. 

Var. a. grandifiorus ; jolis scabris, nec hispidis; corolla majore, 
flava; seminibus subpyriformibus.—c.p, 256 ; 


Var. 8B. purpureus ; petiolis pilis rigidis hispidis; corolla urea, 
~ venis pallidioribus ; seminibus g Shahar <9 17. : et 
Tas. Var. a. Not uncommon in the Central Province, up to an ele- 
vation of 4000 feet. Var. 8. Newera Ellia. | * 


. 


Malvaceae.) CEYLON PLANTS. 27 


“There appears to have been some misconception with regard to the involucel and 
calyx of this species. The true calyx is of a very tender membranaceous structure, 
consisting of five sepals united at their edges into the form of a spathe, which falls 
at the same time with the corolla. 

Vars. a aud B may possibly prove to be specifically distinct. ae 


2. A. moschatus, Moench. (W. et A. Prod. i. 53, cum syn.)—C.P. 


Has. South of the island ; not uncommon. 
3. A. ficulneus, W. et A., l..c.—c.p. 1157. 
Has. Colombo, Moon. Borders of the Minery Tank. 


: 6. THESPESIA, Corr. 
1. T. populnea, Corr: (W. et A. Prod. i. 54, cum syn.)—c.P. 1121. 
Haz. Colombo, Moon. Calpentyne, Gardner ; near Vayenery, 10 


the Batticaloa District, apparently wild. Much used for planting as 
an ornamental and useful tree. Nom. vulg. ‘“Sooreya-gass.”” 


7. LAGUNEA, Cav. 


1. L. lobata, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 55, cum syn.)—c.P. 67. 
—— Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Galagama, 
ardner. 


8. ABUTILON, Dill. 
Nom. vulg. “‘ Anoda.” 
1, A. polyandrum, W. et A., l.c..cum syn.—-¢.P. 1186. 
Has. I have not met with this in a wild state, and there is no record 
of where the herbarium specimen was found. ; 
2. A. Indicum, G. Don, (W.etA., Prod.i. 56, cum syn.)—e. P. 1133. 
Haz. Not uncommon. : ‘ 
3. A. Asiaticum, G. Don, (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1135. 
Has. Not uncommon. aoe : 
+ 4, &. graveolens, W. et A., |. c. cum syn.—C.P. 1134. 
Has. Common. 
5. &. tomentosum, W. et A., l.c. cum syn.—C-P. 3529. 


Has. Near Taugalle, Sept. 1857. 


9, WISSADULA, Medilo. 
1. W. periplocifolia, Presl.—Abutilon periplocifolium, G. Don; W. 


et A. Prod. i. 55, cum syn.—C.P. gs 
Has. Very common in the south of the island. 


z 10. SIDA, Linn. : 
Nom. vulg. “ Babilla.” f 


1. S. acuta, Burm. (W. et A. Prod. i. 57, cum syn. ; Wight, leon. 
t. 95.)—c.p. 2760. . : 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. _ 


28 ' ENUMERATION OF [Sterculiacee. 


2, S. rhombifolia, Linn. (DC. Prod. i. 462.)—c.r. 1181 (1130). 
Has. Very abundant. i 3 
3. S. retusa, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 58, cum syn.)—o.p. 3117. 
Has. Very common. Nom. vulg. “ Kotekau-babilla.” | This is used 
as a medicine by the Cinghalese. ’ 
4, S. alba, Linn. (W. et A.,-1.c. cum syn.)—o.P. 3553. 
Has. Vavenery, in the Batticaloa District. 
5. S. cordifolia, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 259. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. “en 


6. S. Mysorensis, Herb. Madr. (W. et A. Prod. i. 59, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 1123. 


Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


7. S$. humilis, Willd. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.p. 1124. 
_ Has. Very abundant. 


XXIX. STERCULIACEZ. 


1, ADANSONTA, Linn. 


1. A. digitata, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 61, cum syn.)—c.P. 1141. 
Has. Naturalized in the north of the island. 


2. SALMALIA, Sch. et End. 
1, S. Malabarica, Sch. et End. (Walp. Rep. i. 330, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Illust. p. 72, t. 29.)—c.p. 545. ‘ 


Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Katoo-imbool-gass.” 


3. ERIODENDRON, DC. 


1. E. orientale, Steud. Nom. 587.—Z. anfractuosum, DC.; W.et A., 
1. c. eum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 400.—c.P. 1138. 


B. Very common, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Imbool-gass.” ; . 


4. CULLENIA, Wight. 


1, ©. excelsa, Wight, Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. t. 1761-2.—Durio Zey- 
lanicus, Gardner, in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. viii.—c.p. 734. 

Has. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of from 2000 
to 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kattoo-bodde, Kattooherileya.” 


| 5. HELICTERES, Linn. _ 
l. HB. Isora, Linn. et A. Prod. ‘i. 60, .; Wight, Icon. 
t. 180,)—c.r. 1137. i aes wee te 


- Common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. | 
. “ Leeneya-gass. | 


6. HERITIERA, Ait. 
1. &. littoralis, Ait. (W. et A. Prod. i. 63, cum syn.)—c.P. 1143. 


Byttneriacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. — Se 29 


Has. South of the island, not uncommon. Nom. vulg. “ Attoona.”’ 


7. STERCULIA, Lin. 


1. S. Balanghas, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 62, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ilhist. p. 78. t. 30.)—c.p. 1142. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, common. : 

2. S. guttata, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 62, cum syn. ; Wight’s Icon. 
t. 487.)—c.P. 2723. ay 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at no great elevation. 
’ 3. S. urens, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 63, cum syn.)—c.P. 2858. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not uncommon. 

4. %. foetida, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. t.181 and ~ 
364.)—c.P. 1140. 

as. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 

“Telemboo.” The seeds are eaten by the Cinghalese. 


8. PTERYGOTA, Endl. 


1. P. alata, Br. in Brown et Bennett, Pl. Jay. Rar. 234.—P. Rox- 
burghii, Sch. et Endl., Walp. Rep. v.103. Sterculia alata, Roxb. Cor. 
iil. 25 84. t. 287.—c.r. 2963. 

Haz. Banks of the Mahawelliganga, at Haragam. 


9. FIRMIANA, Marsili. 


1. F. colorata, Br. |. c. 235, cum syn.—c.P. 2566. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


XXX. BYTTNERIACER. — 


1. GUAZUMA, Plum. 


1. G. tomentosa, H.B.K. (W. et A. Prod. i. 64; Wight, Illust. 78. 
t. 31.)—c.p. 1114. ; 
Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


, 


2. Gen. Nov. PITYRANTHE, Thw. 


Calyx urceolatus, 3-4-lobatus. Petala 5, x ualia, subeuneiformia. 
Stamina fertilia 15, ternatim cum alteris 5 sterilibus acutis spathulatis 
equilongis ‘alternantia ; filamentis liberis vel imo basi coheerentibus ; 
antheris adnatis, loculis divaricatis, Ovariwm sessile, 5-loculare, loculis 
2-ovulatis ; ovulis superpositis; st lis 5, arcte coalitis ; stigmatibus 
minutis, simplicibus. Capsula inflata, turbinata, sepissime 1-sperma, 
~ loculicide Tehiectus: ; : : 
Genus Kleinhovia affine, sed calyce urceolato, petalis eequalibus, fila- 
mentis subliberis et ovario sessili differt. on 
1. P. verrucosa, Thw.—Kleinhovia verrucosa, Gardn. MS.—c.p.Al44. 
’ Has. Abundant in the Batticaloa District ; Jaffna and Trincomalee, 
Gardner ; Putlam, A. O. Brodie, Esq. 
4rbor. Folia obovata, crenata, basi rotundata, 3-nervia, 2-6 poll. longa, 1-3 


30 . ENUMERATION OF [ Byttneriacee. 


poll. lata, superne nitida, subtus pallida, pubescentia stellari tomentosa, petiolo 4-2 
poll. longo. Panicule terminales, lepidote. Flores circiter 14 lin. longi. Capsule 
furfuracese, verrucose. Semina nigra, oblonga, 2 lin. longa, minutissime reticulata, 
pubescentia stellari pallida decidua vestita. : 


3. WALTHERIA, Linn. 


1. W. Indica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 67, cum syn.)—c.P. 1128. 
Has. Batticaloa, Gardner. 


4. MELOCHIA, Linn. 


1, M. corchorifolia, Linn.—Riedleia corchorifolia, DO. (W. et A. 
Prod. i. 66, cum syn.)—c.P. 1127. 
Has. Very abundant. 


5. PTEROSPERMUM, Schreb. 


1. P. suberifolium, Lam. (W.et A. Prod. i. 68, cum syn.)—c.P..1136. 
‘Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet, especially in the drier 
parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Velenge.” The wood is useful for 
many purposes where toughness is required. é ; 


6. KYDIA, Roxb. 


|. K. axillaris, Thw.; foliis integris, ovato-lanceolatis, levibus ; 
floribus solitariis, axillaribus.—c.P. 3126. . ae 
Has. Near Badulla, at an elevation of about 2000 feet. 
Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-44 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, subtus pallidiora, basi 
_ rotundata, petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. Involuceiti fructiferi segmenta lineari-oblonga, 
1 poll. longa, 8-34 lin. lata. Calyx cupuliformis, 5-dentatus, 4 poll. longus. Ova- 
rium biloculare.. Fructus hispidus. he 
This species I have only seen in fruit, and am therefore not quite certain that it 
is atrue Kydia. The axillary inflorescence and the character of the foliage give it 
a very different aspect from that of K.calycina. The latter species has not, so far as 
I am aware, been detected wild in Ceylon, though it most probably occurs so in the 
north of the island. a 


7. Gen. Nov. SULOSTYLIS, Thw. 


Involucellum 4-phyllum,. persistens. Calyx 5-partitus, persistens. 
Corolle petala 5, basi coalita, subtus ad sinus plicato-appendiculata. 
Tubus stamineus cylindricus, apice dentatus, anantherus, specter versus 
_ filamentis 10, biserialibus, equilongis, monantheriferis cinctus, basi 
corolle adnatus. Anthere reniformes. Ovarium biloculdre ; loculis 
2-ovulatis ; ovulis collateralibus, adscendentibus. Stylus supra medium 
bifidus. Stigmata disciformia. : 

1. J. angustifolia, Thw.— Kydia angustifolia, Arn. Pug. Pl. Ind. 
Orient. 4 (322).—c.p. 1146. - 

Has. South of the island, not uncommon. 

Arbor mediocris, parce ramosa. Folia 5-8 poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata, pubescentia 
stellari-hirsuta, subtus pallidiora, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. Panicula terminales, ~ 
pendule. ‘Flores % poll. lati. Corol/a eupuliformis, pallida, interne dimidio inferiore. 
rufa. Sty/us versus apicem dense lanuginosus. g 


iat. * 


Tiliacee. | ' CEYLON PLANTS. ieee « 


- The anthers of this species are quite those of a Malvaceous plant, but from its 
near affinity with Kydza it must remain in the same Natural Order in which that is 
located. HS 


XXXI. TILIACER. 
SECT. TILIEZ. 
1. CORCHORUS, Linn. : 


1. C. urticeefolius, W. et A. Prod. i. 73, eum syn.—c.P. 2758. 
Has. Trincomalee, Moon. 

2. C. olitorius, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1107. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, common. : ‘ 


3. C. acutangulus, Lam. (W. et A., lc. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 
739.)—c.P. 1106. . : 
Has. Same situations as the last, common. 
_ 4, G. capsularis, Linn. (W. et A.,1.¢. cumsyn. ; Wight, Icon. t. 311.) 
—c.p. 1105. ; . 
Has. Very common. 


2. TRIUMFETTA, Plum. 
~ Nom. vulg. “ Appela.”’. 

1, T. pilosa, Roth. (W. et A. Prod. i. 74, cum syn.) ; 
Var. a capsularum echinis firmis, 2 lin. longis, prope basin parce 
pilosis, apiculo vix curvato.—c.p. 2902. : 

_Var. 8; capsularum echinis debilibus, 43 lin. longis, dense longe 
pilosis, apiculo hamato.—c.P. 730... “ 

Has. Var. a. Common in cultivated ground. Var. 8. Maturatte. 

2. T. angulata, Lam. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 320.) 

_—C.P. 2759. 
Has. Common everywhere. 


‘ 


3. GREWIA, Juss. 
Nom. vulg. “ Caaleya.” 


1. G. orientalis, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 76, cum syn.)—c.P. 1110, 
1112, 2419, and 2997. : 
Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
2. G. columnaris, Sm. (W. et A., l.c: cum syn.)—c.p. 1111. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not uncommon. — 
3. G. hirsuta, Vahl, (W. et A., Le. i..78, cum syn.)—c.P. 3554. 
Has. Open, grassy places in the east of the island. 
4.” G. helicterifolia, Wall. MSS. (Walp. tad ii. 799.)—c.P. 1113. 
Has. In similar situations with the last, and equally common. © 
_Dr. Wight named this “ @. rotundifolia, MSS., var. fol. obliquis acuminatis.” It 
differs from the description of G. helictertfolia in the peduncles being commonly 
much longer than the petioles. : ‘@ 
5. G. diplocarpa, Thw.; jfoliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, crenato- 
Serratis, 3-nerviis, sublevibus ; fructibus parce strigosis, bipartitis, 
Segmentis bilobis.—c.p. 2568. 


a ENUMERATION OF [ Liliacee. 
Has. Maturatte and Oova, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. . 
Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 14-13 lata, juniora parce hirsuta, petiolo 4-5 liv. longo, 

hirsuto. Stipula parvee, lanceolate, hirsute. Pedunculi solitarii, axillares, petiolis 
eequilongi, 3-flori. Bracteoli parvi. Sepala linearia, extus cinereo-tomentosa, 
petalis lanceolatis acutis plus quam duplo longiora. Stigma dilatatum, 4-lobatum. 
6. G. tilieefolia, Vahl, (W. et A. Prod. i. 80, cum syn.)—c.p. 621. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island, common. 
7. G. Microcos, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 81, cum syn.; Wight,’ 
Tllust. 81. t. 33.)—c.p. 1109. : 
Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


3 4. BERRYA, Roxb. 
1. B. Ammonilla, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Illust. 82. 
t. 34.)—c.p. 1108. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Hal-mililla.”. 
The wood of this fine tree is very valuable for building and other 
purposes. , , 


SECT. ELEOCARPES. 
5. ELASOCARPUS, Linn. 
Nom. vulg..‘‘ Weraloo, Gal-weraloo.”’ 


1. E. serratus, Linn. (Fl. Zeyl. 206; Burm. Th. Zeyl. t. 40.)— 
c.P. 539 (554, 1115). ny go = 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Stamina 30-35, omnia ad valve exterioris apicem setis 3-4 longis rigidis paten- 
tibus instructa. Drupa oblonga. “Ents 


The fleshy exterior of the drupes of this and the following species are eaten by the 
Cinghalese. 


2. E. obovatus, Arn. Pug. Pl. Ind. Or. 5 (323).—E. coriaceus, 
Hook. Ic. Plant. v. 2. t. 154.—c.p. 316. 
Has. Newera Ellia and other elevated parts of the island, at an ele- 
vation of from 6000 to 8000 feet. 4 


Drupa spherica, putamine ruguloso-tuberculato. 


3. E. montanus, Thw.; foliis ovatis vel rotundatis, obtusis, denti- 
culatis, parce hirsutis (junioribus subtus tomentosis), venis primariis 
ad axillas ramificationes divaricatasque conspicue glanduliferis ; antheris 
nudis; drupis sphericis.—c.p. 624 (630, 642). 

Has. In similar localities with the last. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-34 poll. longa, petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. Racemi 
axillares, foliis zequilongi, tomentosi. 

4, B.ameenus, Thw.; foliis levibus, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceo- 
latis, brevi-acuminatis, obtusis, crenato-serratis, denticulatis, subtus ad 
nervarum primariarum axillas glanduliferis; antheris nudis; drupis 
sphericis.—c.P. 2587 and 2651 é 0.P. 2524). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. cs 

Arbor mediocris. Gemme pilose. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata, petiolo 
— lin. longo. Racemi numerosi, parce pilosi, e foliorum delapsorum axillis, foliis 

ores. i Bee : 

Some specimens (c.p. 2524) in the herbarium are somewhat different in appear- 


Dipterocarpee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 33 


ance, but they are not sufficiently perfect to enable me to determine whether they 
are really distinct from or are a mere state of the present species. 


5. E. subvillosus, Arn. Pug. 5 (323).—.. pubescens, Hooker, Ic. 
Pl. ii. t. 155. EH. integrifolius, Moon’s Cat.—c.p. 704. 

Has. Saffragam District, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Drupa oblonga, putamine tuberculato, apice acuto. 


6. MONOCERA, Jack. 


1, M. glandulifera, Hook. (Wight, Ilust. p. 84.)—c.p. 675 (2476). 

Has. Central Province ; not uncommon, at an elevation of from 4000 
to 6000 feet. : 

2, M. Walkeri, Wight, 1. c.—P? M. Ceylanica, Arn. Pug. p. 5 (823). 
—c.P. 8 and 166 (172, 421). ' 33 

Has. Saffragam District, not very common, at an elevation of about 
5000 feet. 

I suspect this must be Dr. Arnott’s If. Ceylanica, which, having been de- 
scribed, as he states, from a single specimen, may not indicate the typical cha- 
racter of the species. 


. 


; | XXXII. DIPTEROCARPEA. 


1. DIPTEROCARPUS, Gertner. 


1. D. Zeylanicus, Thw. ; "hae magnis, ovatis vel oblongis, brevi- 
acuminatis, glabris, petiolo longo costaque leprosis ; gemmis villosis ; 
ealycis fructiferi tubo urceolato, 5-costato.—c.P. 1921. . 
4B. Abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

ns Hora-gass. ie : : : 

Arbor ingens. Racemi axillares, solitarii, prope basin bifidi, 6-12-flori, ad ramu- 
lorum apices aggregatiy leprosi. Pediced/i tubo calycis campanulato paulo breviores. 

The fruit of this species closely resembles Gertner’s D. costatus (De Fruet, 
tab. 187) as regards the size and form of the segments of the enlarged calyx, but © 
differs from it essentially in the constriction beneath these. From “D. /evis, Hamilton, 
the only other species with which it can be confounded, its costate or angled fruit 
would seem sufficiently to distinguish it. : i ee 

A gum-resin and wood-oil are obtained from this and the species following. 
_ 2. D.hispidus, Thw.; foliis maximis, oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, 
subcordatis, superne ad costam et subtus petioloque pilis rigidis fasci- 
_culatis patentibus hirsutis; calycis fructiferi tubo spherico vel sub- 
ormi, pedicellato, leproso, apice 5-angulo, contracto.—c.p. 2903. 

C.P. 3405 in th ee Aah ; 

‘. B. Saffragam District, at no great elevation. Nom. vulg. “ Boo- 
ra-gass,”” ‘ ; 
This species is well distinguis ed by its large hispid leaves, one of which in 

“my collection, from a young tree, is 19 inches long and 9 inches wide, with a 
~ petiole 24 inches long. “The enlarged calyx-lobes are 6-7 inches long. . 
3. D. oblongifolius, Thw.} foliis oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, basi 
tis, superne ad costam et subtus ad costam venas primariasque 
tis; ramis junioribus, gemmis eee pilis rigidis nitentibus 
subpatentibus hispidis; racemis supra-axillaribus, solitariis, simplicibus, 
. F 


. 


4 


84 ENUMERATION OF [ Dipterocarpee. 


2-4-floris, hispido-leprosis ; calyce incano-leproso, 5-angulato, in pedi- 
cello brevi desinente.—c.P. 3405. —- 

Haz. Near Ratnapoora, April, 1855. — : 

Arbor ingens. Folia 5-7 poll. longa, 24-4 poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 poll. longo. - 


4. D. scabridus, Thw.; foliis lineari-oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, basi 
parce angustatis, superne glabris, subtus pubescentia stellari sparsa 
scabridis, costa subtus petioloque pilis rigidis adpressis _hirsutis ; 
ealycis fructiferi tubo parce leproso, subsphzrico, angulis 5 singulis in 
membranam undulatam pedicello brevi attingentem productis.—c.r. 
2692. (c.P. 3406, in parte.) 

Has. Near Ratnapoora, September, 1855. 

Arbor ingens. Folia circiter 7 poll. longa, 24 lata, petiole % poll. longo. Calycis 
Sruetiferi lacinie majores 33-44 poll. longe, $1 poll. late. 

. The adpressed pubescence and the shape of the leaves distinguish this species. 

5. D. glandulosus, Thw.; foliis ovatis, acuminatis, basi rotundatis, 
superne levibus, costa venisque primariis hirsutis, subtus pilis minutis 
coloratis conspersis ; ramis junioribus, gemmis petiolisque piloso- 
leprosis ; racemis axillaribus,. solitariis, 2-3-floris, leprosis ; calyce 
5-angulato, in pedicello brevi desinente, leproso ; calycis fructiferi 
tubo subspharico, angulis in membranam medio latissimam pedicello 
tenui sepissime non attingentem productis.—c.p. 2590. 

Has. Saffragam and Ambagamowa Districts, at no great elevation. 
Nom. vulg. “ Dorana-gass.” 


Arbor ingens. Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 2-24 poll. lata, petiolo 6-8 lin. longo. 


Calycis fructiferi lacinie majores 3-4 poll. longee, 7-8 lin. late. 


v 


This species is easily recognized by the glandular pubescence on the under side « + 


- ~ leaves, which is at first pale-yellow, then red, and in the old leaves nearly 

6. D. insignis, Thw. ; foliis ovatis, acuminatis, levibus, basi rotun- 
datis, subtus costa venisque primariis hirsutis; ramis junioribus, 
gemmis petiolisque pubescentibus ; racemis supra-axillaribus, solitariis, 
3-5-floris, basi _pubescentibus, apicem versus levibus ; pedicellis sub- 
nullis ; calyce 5-angulato, angulis per totam longitudinem late mem- 
branaceo-alatis.—o.P. 3406. . eo 

Has. Saffragam District, April, 1855. 

Arbor ingens. Folia 42-53 poll. longa, 2-24 poll. lata, petzolo 7-9 lin. longo. 


This species is easily distinguishable from the others by its smooth, longitudivally “t 


5-bordered calyx, subsessile upon the rachis of the raceme. 


. 


| 2. DOONA, Thw. 
"Hook, Journ. of Bot. vol. iv. (1852) p. 7. 


Stamina 15, biserialia. Embryo cotyledonibus foliaceis valde inw- 


; harum* maxima inter stratum oleoso-albuminosum contorto- 


convoluta, in germinatione inclusa; altera brevissima, in germinatione . 


| Sepe emergente. — s. 
__ I. D. Zeylanica, Thw. 1. c. vol. iii. t. 12 ; foliis lanceolatis vel ovato- 
lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi angustatis, venis inconspicuis; pedicellis 
calyce longioribus.—c.p. 2423, rte 


Dipterocarpee.| CEYLON PLANTS. és 35 
_ Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. N om. vulg. 
* Doon-gass.”” 

A large quantity of colourless gum-resin exudes from the trunk and branches of 
this fine tree, which, when dissolved in spirits of wine or turpentine, makes an excel- 
lent varnish. 


2. D. affinis, Thw.; /oliis lanceolatis vel. lineari-lanceolatis, longe 
acuminatis, basi rotundatis, venis subinconspicuis ; pedicellis calyce 
longioribus.—c.P. 3409. 

Has. Between Ratnapoora and Galle, at no great elevation. __ 
Arbor ingens. Folia 2-8 poll. longa (aeumine 4 lin. longo), 9-11 lin. lata, 
petiolo circiter 4 lin. longo. eS 
- Closely allied to the preceding, but the leaves are larger and differently shaped, 
and the petioles much stouter. 


3. D. nervosa, Thw: ; foliis ovatis, ovato-lanceolatis vel lanceolatis, 
longe acuminatis, opacis, venis venulisque prominulis, basi rotundatis ; 
pedicellis calyce subequilongis ; calycis fructiferi laciniis majoribus 
spathulato-dilatatis.—c.p. 3410. Sj 

Has. Ekualagodde, near Ratnapoora, April, 1855. 

Arbor ingens. Folia 8-4 poll. longa (acumine } poll. longo), 14-1? lata. 


4. D. trapezifolia, Thw.; foliis trapezoideo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis, superne minute reticulatis, subtus venis inconspicuis ; 
pedicellis calyce equilongis ; calycis fructiferi laciniis majoribus spa- 
thulato-linearibus.—o.P. 3341. ‘ 

Has. Central and southern parts of the island, up to an elevation — 
of 1500 feet ; a common forest tree. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Tuccahaaloo- 


. gass.” 


Arbor ingens. Folia 23-84 poll. longa (acumine circiter 3 lin. longo), 9-14 lin. © 


_ lata, petiolo 4 lin, longo. : 


5. D. congestiflora, Thw. ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi 
rotundatis vel subcordatis; floribus ad apices panicularum congestis ; 


- pedicellis breyissimis.—c.P. 3411. ; 


Has. Hinidoon and Pasdoon Corles, April, 1855. Nom. vulg. 


_ “ Tinneya-gass.” 


~ 


Arbor ingens. Folia 31-5 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, petiolo 4-5 lin. longo. 

This thie species is chaiustertsel by fie ‘cau shortly-stalked flowers collected 
towards the ends of the panicles, The fruit, with its enlarged calyx, closely resembles 
that of the preceding and following species. 
* 6. D. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis, longe petiolatis ; floribus cernuis, pedicellis calyce bre- 
vioribus.—c.p. 1919. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of from 3000 to 5000 feet. . 

Arbor ingens. Folia 2-8 poll. longa, 14-1} lata, petiolo 6-7 lin. longo. 

A very distinct and beautiful species. ; 4 

7. D. cordifolia, Thw. ; foliis oblongis, abrupte acuminatis, cordatis, 
subtus nitidis, ont venlsque prominentibus.—c.P. 3340. « 

Has. Pasdoon Corle and Ambagamowa, at no great elevation. Nom.- 
vulg. “ Bairaleya.” z eae 

Arbor ingens. Folia 3-4 poll. longa (acumine circiter 4 poll. longo), 13-23 poll. 
lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. : ; : ae 

T have not yet been able to obtain the flowers of this species, which is said 


_ to produce them only- once in three years. Some seeds which were given to me 


. 


aa alg _ ENUMERATION OF { Dipterocarpee. 


were unfortunately all sown, and none reserved for the herbarium. The Cinghalese | 
eat the ripe seeds after toasting or frying them. 


3. SHOREA, Roxb. 


1. 8. oblongifolia, Thw. ; foliis lineari-oblongis, abrupte acuminatis, 
basi truncato-rotundatis vel cordatis; ramis panicule secundifloris.— 
c.P, 3005. 

Has. Saffragam and other districts in the south of the island, at no 
great elevation. 

Arbor ingens. Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 13-23 poll. lata, petiolo 6-8 lin. longo. 
Ramuli juniores petiolique, cum paniculis supra-axillaribus, minute stellato-incani. 
Pedicetlt brevissimi. Flores flavi, odorati, dorso strigosi. Calyx fructiferus minute 
tomentosus, laciniis sursum dilatatis. Fructus tomentoso-incanus. : 

This is evidently closely allied to, if it be not a variety of, Vatica Tumbugaia, 
W. and A., Wight, Icon. tab. 27, with which it would seem to correspond very nearly 
in the inflorescence and in the structure of the fruit, but the leaves are much longer 
compared with their width. 


2. &.? stipularis, Thw.; foliis oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis vel subcordatis, longe petiolatis, levibus; stipulis magnis, 
ovatis, subobliquis, striatis, dia persistentibus.—c.P. 3408. pie 

Has. Between Ratnapoora and Galle, at no great elevation. 

Arbor ingens, ramulis teretibus. Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 2-4 poll. lata, petiolo 
12-14 lin. longo, Stipule 6-11 lin. longe, 4-7 lin, late. Calycis fructiferi lacinie 
sursum dilatate ; tres majores 5-54 poll: longer, 14 poll. late, 11—-14-costate ; dus 
minores 33—4 poll. longe, 5-6 lin. lates, 6-8-costate. Fructus subsphericus, apice 
_ conico acuto. : 

I have not seen the flowers, nor have I been able to ascertain the character 
of the inflorescence of this fine species, but, judging from the structure of the 
fruit, it must be very nearly allied to this genus. The large size and persistence of 
the stipules form a very striking character. 

-In the herbarium are specimens of the foliage of what appears to be another species 
of Shorea (c.P. 3407), but the description must be deferred until better materials 
can be collected. : 


4. HOPEA, Roxb. 


1, Hf. discolor, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis, longe acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis, superne levibus, ad costam venasque primarias canaliculatis, 
subtus brunneo-leprosis; paniculis axillaribus, ramis secundifloris ; pe- 
dicellis brevissimis.—c.P. 3125. 23505 
* Has. Saffragam and Ambagamowa Districts, at no great eleva- 
ion, , 2 

Arbor ingens, ramulis teretibus, nigro-rufis, leprosis. Folia 23-8} poll. longa 
(acumine circiter 4 poll. longo); 8-13 lin. lata, petiolo 4~5 lin. longo. Panicula 
_ Solitarize vel 2-3-fasciculatz, foliis multo breviores, rufescentes, ‘parce leprosz. 

Flores flavo-rufescentes, odoratissimi. Calycis fractiferi \acinize majores spathulate, 

2} poll. long. Fruetus subconicus, levis. ; 

The rich brown coleur of the under side of the leaves well distinguishes this beau- 
tiful species, 


5, VATERIA, Linn. 
Stamina numerosa, indefinita, multiserialia, apice ends. 


* 


Dipterocarpee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 37 


1. V. Indica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 83, cum syn.; Wight, Til. 
t. 36; Gertner, De Fruct. iii. 53. t. 189.)—c.r. 1918. 
Haz. Common in the hotter parts of the island, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Hal-gass.” A gum-resin exudes in consi- 
derable quantity from this handsome tree, and is much used by the 
Cinghalese for burning during some of their superstitious ceremonies. 
Arbor ingens, trunco levi. Ramuli teretes, juniores stellato-furfuracei. Folia 
oblonga vel lineari-oblonga, apiculata, basi cordata, 6-18 poll. longa, 3-6 poll. lata ; 
petiolo tereti, 13-21 poll. longo, apice incrassato. Stipule lineari-lanceolate, dorso 
furfuracere, deciduse, circiter 1 poll. longe. Panicule ad apices ramorum, foliis 
subequilongze, flocculoso-furfuraceze, pallide-ochraces, multifloree. Flores brevi- 
pedicellati, bibracteolati. Bracteole ovate, acute, 4 lin. longe. Stamina nume- 
rosa, filamentis brevissimis, basi coalitis; anxtheris introrsis, longitudinaliter dehis- 
centibus, basi bi-auriculatis, loculis ad apicem divergentibus, acutis. Fructus 4 poll. 
longi, 24-3. poll. lati. gfe : 
_ Blume, in his Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii, 29, makes two species of the Linnean 
Vateria Indica, reserving this name for the Ceylon plant, and calling the Peninsular 
one V. Malabarica. 1 have no means of determining whether this view is correct, 
but in order to assist in clearing the matter of doubt, I have given above a pretty full 
description of the Ceylon plant. : 
‘The figure of this species in Dr. Wight’s Illust. tab. 36 is not satisfactory. 
Gertner’s figure of the fruit is very characteristic, though it is rather smaller than 
_ ordinary specimens. 


6. ISAUXIS, Arn. 


Stamina 15, biserialia. Calyx fructifer multum auctus. 


1. I. Roxburghiana, Wight, Illust. p. 88; Icon. Pl. Ind. Or. t. 26. 
—c.p. 3416. st + na) 
- Has. South of the island, at no great elevation. Nom. vulg. “ Man- 
dora-gass.” This tree yields a considerable quantity of gum-resin. 

Anthera plane, obtuse, connectivo in apiculum brevem producto. Calyx fructifer 
basi depressus, laciniis 5-nerviis. Fructus 3-sulcatus, apie depresso. 

T have little doubt of this being Dr. Wight’s plant, though there is 4 slight dis- 
~crepancy between. my specimens and the figure in the ‘Icones;’ but this is most- 
likely due to a little want of accuracy on the part of the draftsman. 


7, STEMONOPORUS, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 67. 


“Stamina 15, biserialia, antheris apice per laterum involutionem tubu- 


latis. Calyx-fructifer non auctus. 
Sect. 1.—Inflorescentia paniculata. : 
1. S. Wightii, Thw. ; foliis oblongis vel lineari-oblongis, apiculatis, 


basi rotundatis vel subcuneatis, subtas scabridis, longe petiolatis ; an- 

theris brevi-apiculatis.—S. macrophyllus, Thw. MSS. ‘in Herb. Hook. 

? Vateria Ce lice, Wight, Iilust. p. 88.—c.P. 3415. 

- Has. In Picaia between Galle and Ratnapoora, and at Palmadoolla, 

near the latter place. . 
Arbor ingens, Folia 5-12 poll. longa, 3-6 poll. lata, venis primariis circiter 20, 

petiole 14-3 poll. longo. Panicula foliis multo breviores. , 


638 : ENUMERATION OF _ [Dipterocarpee. 


2. S. Gardneri, Thw. |. c. tab. 2.4. ; foliis ovato-acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis vel subcordatis.—c.P. 1920. 

Has. Rambodde, Gardner; near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 
about 5000 feet. sia! : 

Arbor magna. Folia 3-5 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata, venis primariis circiter 
10, petiolo 3-1 poll. longo. Panicule numerose ad apices ramulorum. — 


Sect. 2.—Floribus paucis, racemosis vel solitariis ; pedunculis 
pedicellisque brevibus. 


_ 3. S. affinis, Thw. l.c.; jfolits ovato-oblongis, acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis ; pedunculis sepissime 1-floris.—c.P. 2430. 
- Has. Hunasgiria District, at an elevation of about 4000 feet. 
Arbor magna. Folia 3-44 poll. longa (acumine circiter 4 poll. longo), 14-23 poll. 
lata, venis primariis circiter 8, petiolo 6-8 lin. longo. eee 
4, S.lanceolatus, Thw. 1. c.; foliis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceo- 
_latis, acuminatis, basi cuneatis, superne glabris, venis prominentibus 
reticulatis, subtus scabridis ; pedunculis sepissime 1-floris.—c.P. 2658. 
Has. Near Ratnapoora, at no great elevation. 
Arbor parva. Folia 44-8} poll. longa (acumine 4-8 lin. longo), 14-3 poll. lata, 
vents primarits circiter 8, petiolo 5-7 lin. longo. ' 
5. S. canaliculatus, Thw.; foliis oblongis, lanceolatis vel lineari- 
lanceolatis, plus minus abrupte acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel subcu- 
neatis, superne ad costam canaliculatis, subtus scabridis levibusve ; 
pedunculis seepissime 1-floris—c.P. 3413. : 
Has. Hinidoon and Reigam Corles, at no great elevation, == 
Arbor mediocris. Folia 4-6 poll. longa (acumine circiter 4 poll. longo), 14-23 
lata, vents primariis circiter 12, petiolo 4-1} poll. longo, apicem versus incrassato. - 
Fructus 1% poll. in diam. 
This bears considerable resemblance to the species preceding and following it, but 
its canaliculated leaves distinguish it from both. 


6. S. petiolaris, Thw.; j/oliis lineari-oblongis, abrupte acuminatis, . 
basi. rotundatis vel subcuneatis, superne levibus, subtus scabridis — 
levibusve, longe petiolatis ; peduneulis 1-3-floris.—c.p. 3151. 2 

Has. Kittool e, at no great elevation. : 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 6-10 poll. longa (acumine }-3 poll. longo),"2-22 poll. 
lata, venis primariis cireiter 12, petiole 1-3 poll. longo, apicem versus incrassato. 

7. &. rigidus, Thw. 1. ¢.; foliis rigidissimis, scabridis, oblongis, apice 

_ rotundatis vel subapiculatis, basi cuneatis vel cuneato-rotundatis; pe- — 
dunculis sepissime 1-floris.—c.p. 2645. & - 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. 

Arbor magna. Folia 34-5} poll. longa, 14-23 lata, venis primariis tirciter 9, 

' petiolo 6-8 lin. longo. sc 
8. S. oblongifolius, Thw. l.c.; foliis levibus, oblongis, subacumi- 
natis, obtusis, basi rotundatis ; peduneulis 1-4-floris.—c.P. 2646. 
« Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of about 4000 feet. 
_ Arbor magna. Folia 4-64 poll. longa, 13-24 lata, venis primariis circiter 83 — 
_ petiolo 4-6 lin. longo. : vate Ps 
_ 9. 8. reticulatus, Thw.; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, Jonge 
acuminatis, basi rotundatis, superne nitidis, subtus opacis inter.venas 
primarias reticulato- nee parallelo-venosis, longe petiolatis ; pedwnculis 
sepissime 1-floris.—c.p. 3414. . ‘ 


Dipterocarpee. | CEYLON PLANTS. . 89 


Has. Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of about 1000 feet. ” 
Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-5 poll. longa (acumine 3-1 poll. longo), 14-24 lata, 
venis primariis circiter 8, petiolo 7-15 lin. longo. Fructus rotundatus, apice parce’ 

acuminatus,. 134 poll. in diam. ; 


10. S. nitidus, Thw.; foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis vel subcuneatis, utringue nitidis, subtus reticulatis ; 
pedunculis 1-floris —S.lucidus, Thw. MSS. in Herb. Hook.—c.P. 3483. 

Haz. Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. Ny 
_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-3} poll. longa (acumine 3-6 lin. longo), 8-13 lin. 
lata, venis primariis circiter 6, petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. ; : 
~ Closely allied to but perfectly distinct from the preceding. 

11. S.? Moonii, Thw. ; foliis anguste lanceolatis, basi cuneatis, su- 
perne levibus, subtus ad costam venas primariasque, cum petiolo tereti, - 
pilosis; stipwlis longis, lineari-lanceolatis, rigidis, persistentibus ; pe- 

-dunculis 1-floris, in foliorum delapsorum axillis inter stipulas persis- 
_ tentes.—c.P. 1792. , 

Has. Maturatte?, Moon. ~ : j . 

: “pte 6-10 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 1 poll. longo. Stipule S-1G ; 

n. longe. : 
ithis interesting species is so unlike in general appearance those that precede it in 
this genus, that it was with some surprise I found, upon an analysis of an unopened — 

- flower, that it corresponded with them in the number, structure, and arrangement of 
the stamens, and in the external characters of the ovary and style. There are only 
two indifferent specimens in the herbarium, and one of these without flowers, col- 
lected by Mr. Moon many years ago, so that I have not materials for such a critical 

examination of the plant as would be desirable. ” 


8. MONOPORANDRBA, Thw. 
Hook, Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 69. 


2 Stamina 5, antheris apice per laterum involutionem tubulatis. Ova- 
_riwm 2-loculare wh : 
1. M. cordifolia, Thw. 1. c.; foliis ovatis vel oblongis, longe acumi- 
natis, basi cordatis vel rotundatis, superne costa et seepissime Yonis pri- 
mariis depressis, subtus venis secundariis parallelis ; paniculis multi- 
floris.—c.P. 2647. ~ 

- Has. Ambagamfowa and Saffragam Districts, at an elevation of about 
3000 feet: igi 

“Arbor mediocris, ramosissima. Folia 2-44 poll. longa (acumine $-1 poll. longo), 
1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 4-11 lin, Yongo. ee 
2, M. elegans, Thw. l.c.; foliis ovatis vel oblongis, longe acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis, superne ad costam depressis, venis prominentibus, sub- 
tus cag venas primarias reticulato-venosis ; pedunculis paucifloris.— 
OB, 871. ; ee ’ : 
Has. Saffragam District, at an elevation of about 2000 feet. 
Arbor mediocris, ramosissima, Folia 14-24 poll. longa (acumine™4—6 lin. longo), 
- 6-10 lin. lata, petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. : 
3. ML lancifolia, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis, valde acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis, superne costa alan prominentibus ; pedunculis paucifloris. 
—C.P. 3412. : i _ 
ong ‘Hellessee, in the Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. April, 


40 ENUMEBRATION OF [ Ternstremiacee. 


Arbor parva, ramosissima. Folia 24-3} poll. longa (acumine 4-8 lin. longo), 
7-11 lin. lata, petiole 3-4 lin. longo. 


XXXII. TERNSTRG@MIACE. — 


1. CLEYERA, Thunb. 


1. C. gymnanthera, W. et A. Prod. i. p. 87.—c.P. 778 (779). 

Has. Common in forests of the Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 feet and upwards, : : 

2. ©. emarginata, Gard. in Calc. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 447.- 
—c.P. 782. aor 

Has. Not uncommon near Adam’s Peak and other more elevated 
parts of the island. ‘ 

- Frutex glaber, 10-16-pedalis. Ramuli teretes. Folia coriacea spathulata, apicem 
versus crenato-serrata, emarginata, subtus pallidiora, 14-23 poll. longa, 9-15 lin. 
lata. . Pedunculi axillares, solitarii, 1-flori, cireiter 8 lin. longi. Flores flavido- 
purpurascentes, ceriiui, bracteolis 2 minutis suffulti. Petala sepalis duplo longiora, 
circiter 4 lin, longa. Stamina numerosa, glabra, fi/amentis brevibus, planis ; 
antherarum introrsarum loculis linearibus, connectivo lato, filamento continuo, apice 
producto separatis. Ovarium glabrum, biloculare ; /oculis 1-ovulatis ; stylo_brevi, 
bifido ; stigmatibus 2, dilatatis, lobulatis. Fructus conicus, 2-spermus. 

T have examined a great many specimens of this plant, and have invariably found 
two minute bracteole below each flower, and the loculi of the ovary one-ovuled. 
- The leaves must be considered sessile, since the lamina is continued ‘to their very 
base, though it forms but a narrow border to each side of the costa in the lower part. 


2. GORDONIA, Ellis. 


1. G. Zeylanica, Wight, Illust. i. p. 99. : 
'_ Var. a. lanceolata; ramulis pilosis, foliis’ lanceolatis vel oblongo- 
lanceolatis.—c.P. 788. 8 ois 
Var. 8. elliptica; ramulis levibus vel sublevibus, foliis latioribus. 
—G. Pigiion Gard..1. c. vol. vii. p. 448.—c.v. 2417. ; 
Has. Forests of tle Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 
7000 feet. : ones 
_ _ This species, according to the situation in which «it occurs, varies very much in 
the size of the flowers and size and shape of the leaves. In exposed places where — 
the soil is poor, the var. a is found, whilst in more sheltered localities -and richer 
soil the plant is much more luxuriant, and puts on the.form of var. 8. In a series 
of specimens the two forms may be seen to pass imperceptibly into each other. — 
2. G. speciosa, Thw.—Carria speciosa, Gardn. l.c. ‘vol. vii. Pp: Ie— 
-C.P. 2403. . , ; 
_ Has. Rather uncommon ; in damp forests of the Central Province, at 
an elevation of 5000 feet and upwards. “ 


Arbor magna, 40-50-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia integra, sessilia, — 


-coriacea, glabra, elliptica vel ovata, retusa, 3-41 poll. longa, 13-23 poll, lata. Flores 
magni, axillares, sessiles vel brevi-pedunculati; petalis cordatis, sanguineo-purpureis, 
15-2 poll. longis. : oe : 

T regret being obliged to include in the genus Gordonia this fine species, which 
Dr. Gardner dedicated, under the generic name of Carria, to the late excellent Sir 
Wm. Carr; but I find that the characters upon which he based his generic distinctive 
HL gnosis are common to the other Ceylon species of Gordonia. The structure of : 

the anthers is the same in both, and the analysis of the seed of Gordonia Zeylamica 


_ Lernstremiacee.) ~ CEYLON PLANTS. 41 


corresponds with that which he gives of Carria speciosa, the cotyledons being per- 
fectly flat, and not plaited. : 


3. SAROSANTHERA, Korthals. 


1. S. lasiopetala, Thw.—Cleyera lasiopetala, Wight, Ill. i. p. 99. 

Eurya lasiopetala, Gardner, |. ¢. vol. vii. p. 446.—c.P. 775 (776, 783). 
4B. Common in the forests of the Central Province, at an elevation 
of 6000 feet and upwards. ‘ 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli teretes, minute strigosi. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, 
obtusa vel subacuminata, retusa, margine revoluta, minute denticulata, superne 
. glabra, subtus minute et parce strigosa, 24—4 poll. longa, $—1 poll. lata. Peduncult 

axillares, solitarii, 1-flori, cernui, circiter 8 lin. longi, apice inerassati. Fores her- 
maphroditi, 6-8 lin. in diam., externe sericeo-strigosi; petalis albidis. Fructus 
globosus, carnosus nee pulposus, circiter 5 lin. in diam. 

This description is taken principally from the one published by Dr. Gardner. 


: 4. EURYA, Thunb. 


1, E. Japonica, Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 191, t. 25. 
Var. a. Thunbergii; ramulis teretibus, glabris.— 2. Japonica, DC. 
Prod.i.525.. i. elliption, Gardner, 1. c. vol. vii. p. 443.—c.P. 777 (787). 

Var. 8. acuminata; ramulis teretibus, pilosis—/. acuminata, DC. 
Prod. i. 525, E. membranacea, Gard. 1. ¢. vol. vii. p. 444.—.P. 1078 
(785, 786). 

Var. y. Chinensis ; ramulis angulosis, pilosis—E. Chinensis, R. Br. 
Abel’s Voy. App. p. 379; DC. 1.¢.; Bentham in Hook. Kew Journ. of 
Bot, vol. iti. (1851) p. 307. E. Ceylanica, Wight, Il. i. 98; Gardner, 
l.¢: vol. vii. p. 444.—o:P. 2600. ese 

ar. 5. parvifolia; ramulis angulosis, pilosis ; foliis minoribus, 
pallidis—#. parvifolia, Gardner, l. ¢. vol. vil. p. 445.—c.P. 784. 
_ Has. Vars. a, 8, and 8 in the more elevated parts of the island, up 
_ to 8000 feet; 5 in exposed situations; var. 8 from a little above the 
sea-level, up to an elevation of 5000 feet, very abundant. Nom. vulg. 
“ Neyadasse-gass.” a 

It is only after a very careful and long-continued study of these plants that I 

have ventured to unite them.as.forms of one variable species. I have been quite 
unable to discover, in those parts where other botanists have thought cop existed, 
any definite difference of structure sufficient to constitute a distinction of species. 
The number of the stamens and apparent length of the style vary in the same variety 
Just as much as between the so-called species, and it seems to me quite impossible 
aba a clear line of distinction between io ro ba Neg since specimens are 

met with combining them all by intermediate links.. es : 

Cochlospermum Coereatibe DC., 3 not found in a wild state in the island, but 
only, as Dre Gardner has remarked, in the vicinity of temples. 


XXXIV. OLACACEZ. 
TRIBE OPILER. 
1. OPILIA, Roxb. 


1. ©. amentacea, Roxb. Corom. Pl. t. 158; Wight, Ilust. p. 103, 


t. 40.—¢.p. 2916 (1147). 


Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 
~ 


‘ 


a >) ENUMEBATION OF  . - [Olacacee. 


TRIBE OLACEZ. 
2. OLAX, Lin. 


1. ©, Seylanica, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 88, cum syn.)—c.P. 1214. 

Has. Southern part of the island; abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Malla.” 
The Cinghalese eat the leaves of this plant in their curries. 

2. O. scandens, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. p. 89, cum syn.)—c.P. 1216. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. : 

3. O. Wightiana, Wall. (W. et A., ].c. cum syn.)—o.p. 1215. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. ~ 


3. STROMBOSIA, Blume. 


i, S. Javanica, BL. Bijdr. p. 1154; Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. p- 251, 
t. 47.—S. Ceylanica, Gardner, in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vi. 
p- 350.—c.p. 1237. x 
: ‘Has. In forests of the Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 
eet. : eee ; 
Blame’s figure and description leave no room for doubt that this is his plant. 


- TRIBE ICACINEZ. 


4. BURSINOPETALUM, Wight, Icones, 956. 


1. B. arboreum, Wight, ].c. Var. macrophyllum.—c.P. 637, 2440. 
Has. Forests of the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000. to 
7000 feet. ; 
Arbor ingens. Folia ovato-oblonga, acuminata, 4—9 poll. longa, 13—4 poll. lata, 
petrolo 1-2 poll. longo. tiie 
I can discover no character to distinguish this from Dr. Wight’s plant but the 
larger size of the leaves, and do not venture to separate it on that account only. A 
comparison with authentic specimens of Dr. Wight’s B.arboreum may possibly 
prove this to be distinct from it, and in that case it might be called B. macrophyllum. 
2. B. tetrandrum, Wight, MSS. ; /oliis oblongis vel ovato-oblongis, 
Jloribus tetrameris. | big 
Var. a; foliis longe acuminatis.—c.r. 2441. : 
Var. 8; foliis minoribus, apice rotundatis vel abrupte et brevi- 
acuminatis.—c.P. 2542. — 
Arbor ingens. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 2-2 poll. lata, pétiolo 4-8" lin. longo. 
_ Distinguished most readily from the preceding by its smaller, tetramerous 
flowers ; the leaves, also, are not nearly so large, and the ripe fruit is more 
cylindrical in form, and smaller. : 


5. APODYTES, E. Mey. 


1, A.Gardneriana, Miers, Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. sor. 2. 
vol. ix. p. 389.—c.P. 204 (495, 1218, 1219). , 

Has. Forests of the Central Province, at an elevation of from 5000 
to 7000 feet ; not uncommon. : 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. 


Olacacea. } ‘CEYLON PLANTS. — 43 


I have not had an opportunity of comparing this with 4. Benthamiana, 
Wight, Icon. t. 1153, which is described as having larger flowers than those of 
this species. The Ceylon plant invariably turns blackish in drying. 


6. MAPPIA, Jacq. 


1. M. foetida, Miers, 1. c. p. 395.—M. ovata, Miers, 1. c. p. 396. 
Stemonurus? fetidus, Wight, Icon. t. 955; Spicil. Neilgh. t. 23.— 
o.p. 492. . ’ : 
~ Var. a. Gardneriana ; alabastris rotundatis—M. Gardneriana, 
Miers, l.c. p. 396. - 

Var. 8. Championiana ; foliis membranaceis, alabastris oblongis.— 
M. Championiana, Miers, 1. c. 397. ; 

Has. One of the commonest plants in the island, and to be met with 
from the level of the sea, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
** Gandapaana-gass.”” 

Owing to its great range in elevation, this plant varies a great deal in appearance — 
and in the texture of its growing parts, these being of a much firmer consistence on 
the hills than in the neighbourhood of the sea, and more palpably so in dried than 
in fresh specimens. fy 


7, STEMONURUS, Blume. 
Stemonurus (in parte), Miers. Urandra, Thw. 


1. S. apicalis, Thw.— Urandra apicalis, Thw. in Hook. Kew Journ. 
of Bot. vol. vii. (1855) p. 211.—c.p. 2569. 

Has. Damp forests, at an elevation of from 1000 to.2000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Oorookannoo-gass.” 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia integra, coriacea, oblonga vel — 
obovato-oblonga, abrupte brevi-acuminata, basi angustata, subtus pallidiora, 4-6 poll. 
longa, 2-8 poll. lata, petiolo 5-8 lin. longo. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii vel bini, 
petiolo breviores vel subsequilongi. Capetula 7-12-flora. Flores” hermaphroditi, 
.\ petalis viridibus, basin versus purpurascentibus, circiter 2 lin. longis. _Drupa ob- 

longa, subacuta, 15 lin. longa, 8 lin. lata, viridi-purpurascens, dimidio apicali albido ; 

putamine ligneo, cancellato, externe fasciculato-fibroso. _Embryo im axi albuminis 

Fog carnosi ; radicula supera, cylindrica, cotyledonibus parvis cordatis equi- 

onga; testa pericarpio consolidata. : sk oe 

When descrbidg this plant, two years ago, under the name of Urandra apicalis, 
I had not the opportunity of referring to Blume’s Museum Bot. Ludg. Batav., 
-and took it for granted that Mr. Miers was correct in determining Dr. Wallich’s 
genus Gomphandra to be identical with Stemonurus of Blume. Now, however, 

I am satisfied that that learned botanist was in error, and that to Platea of 
~ Blume is to be referred the genus Gomphandra. Blume’s definition of Stemonurus 

as “drupa baccata, nucleo fibroso,” does not apply to Gomphandra, though it 

does to the species figured in the Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat., and to the plant 
now under description. By a strange oversight, Mr. Miers -has read my account of 
the structure of the seed of Gomphandra polymorpha, Wight (Hooker's Journal of 

Bot. vol. vii. p. 211), as if it were that of my Urandra apicalis, and has thus 

been under the erroneous impression (Linnean Trans. vol. xxii. p. 97 ed seq.) 

that the structure is the same in the two plants. It is very different, for in 
- Stemonurus apicalis there is no appearance of the longitudinal division of the 
albumen into two equal parts ; the testa is firmly adherent to the pericarp, and the 
putamen is very peculiar in character, being ligneous, with several longitudinal 
cavities filled with soft cellular matter, and externally, when the flesh of the 


44, _ ENUMERATION OF _ [Olacacee. 


drupe has decomposed os been removed, exhibiting a fasciculate-fibrous structure, 
which in appearince is not very unlike an arillus, but of course essentially very 
different from one. Mr. Miers is right-in saying that Urandra apicalis is a 
Stemonurus, and J have now called it_so; but it is not so for the reasons he gives, 
as has been shown above. : 


8. PLATEA, Blume. 
Gomphandra, Wallich, Wight.. Stemonurus (in parte), Miers. 


1. P. axillaris, Thw.— Gomphandra azillaris, Wall. Cat. n. 3718. 
Lasianthera? tetrandra, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 328. Gom- 
phandra polymorpha, Wight, Ilust. i. p. 103; Icones, t. 954. Stemo- 
nurus axillaris, Miers, in Ann. of Nat. Hist. ser. 2. vol. x. p. 41. S¢. 
polymorphus, Miers, |. c. p. 37. St. Ceylanicus, Miers, 1: ¢. p. 42. St. 

anus, Miers, 1. c. p. 40.—c.P. 251 (762). ; 
.B. From the level of the sea, up to an elevation of 4000 feet ; very 
abundant. ore i 

After reading the description of Dr. Wallich’s plant in ‘Flora Indica,’ cited 
above, it would seem almost*impossible to doubt that this is the species intended 
by him, It is a very protean one as regards the shape and size of the leaves, 
and has consequently been overwhelmed with synonyms. I have not the least 
— — those quoted above, if not more, are referable to it in one or other 
of its forms. : 


2. P. coriacea, Thw.—Gomphandra coriacea, Wight, IL i. p. 103. 
G. polymorpha, 3, Wight, Icon. t. 953. . Stemonurus Gardneri, Miers, 
Le. p. 38. St. Walkeri, Miers, Lc. p. 43. Platea Wightiana, Miers, 

x phy 111.—c.p, 375. : 
4B. Damp forests of the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 

to 6000 feet ; not uncommon. : 
_. Equally protean, or even more so than the last species, in the size and shape of 
its leaves, which vary from harrow-lanceolate to orbicular, with a long, narrow acu- 
mination. The hairs upon the filaments are very short, and may easily have been- 
overlooked by Dr. Wight?s draughtsman; and the petals and stamens of the fertile 
plant are so very caducous, that it is not surprising to find Blume describing the 
flowers as having none. The peduncle is at first axillary, but a leaf being most 
commonly produced upon it at about its middle, its upper part of course appears 
opposite to this new leaf, and more strikingly so when a leaf-bud has become de- 
veloped in the axil of the latter. te 

This species differs most obviously from the last in its coriaceous, opaque leaves, 
and longer, dichotomous peduncles, and in these latter appearing most commonly 
opposite to a leaf. Gomphandra coriacea of Dr. Wight’s ‘ Illustrations’ is, no doubt, 
the tetramerous form of this. : 


- 


XXXV. AURANTIACER, 


1, ATALANTIA, Corr. | 


1. A. monophylla, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 91; Wight, Illust. i108.) 

—c.p. 497 (1198). a. 
Has. Kornegalle -and towards the north of the island, at no great = 

elevation ; not uncommon, ‘ bis # thal lt gine 


; igen calycis segmentis 

-€. 94, cum syn.—c.P. 1200. ; : : 

. Var. 8. paniculata ; foliis majoribus, membranaceis, venis subtus ” 
enti 


“ Aurantiacee.) ° CEYLON PLANTS. ‘2 45 
‘ 


2. LIMONTA, Lin. 


1. L. alata, Herb. Madr. (W. et A., lc. p. 92.)—c.p. 1191. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; common. Nom. vulg. “ Toompat- 
kooroondoo-gass.”” 

2. La. Missionis, Wall. (W. et A., 1. c.)—c.p. 1194. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Pambooroo-gass.” 


3. GLYCOSMIS, Corr. 


1. G. arborea, DC. (W. et A., 1. e. cum syn.)—c.P. 180. 

Haz. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“Dodang-paana-gass.” . 

Filamenta dilatata, supra medium latissima, ad apicem angustata. Ovarium 
glandulosum, breve, gynophoro sphzeroidali angustius. Sty/xs depressus, brevis, 
stigmate discoideo distincto equilatus. , . 

This must certainly be the Zimonia arborea of Roxburgh (Cor. Plant. t. 85), 


though the analysis of the floweraccompanying his figure expresses far from cor- 


reetly the character of the species. 


2. G. pentaphylla, DC. (W. et A., 1. c. 93, cum syn.)—c.p. 1192. 

Has. Very common; up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Filamenta ut in specie precedenti. Pisti/lum, una cum gynophoro mediocri, 
subeylindricum, truncatum. Fructus pulposus. 

This is.a very variable species as regards the shape and size of its leaves, but 
may always be distinguished from the preceding by the much smaller panicles and 
different shape of the pistil and gynophore. : 

3. G. bilocularis, Thw. ; foliis pinnatis ; foliolis alternis, brevi- 
cutie trapezoideo-lanceolatis, apice obtusis ; paniculis axillaribus, 

revissimis, paucifloris ; ovario biloculari—c.r. 3362 (olim cum ©.P. 
1192 mixta). - 
- Has. Maturatte District, at no great elevation. 


Fruter. Foliola 13-22 poll. longa, 5-8 lin. lata, subtus pallidiora. Flores sub- j 


sessiles. Calyx 6-fidus, segmentis triangularibus. Peta/a 5, albida, minute rufo- 

punctata, oblonga. Filamenta alterna breviora, multum et irregulariter dilatata, 

interne concava. PistidZ7um, una cum gynophoro, conicum, trancatum. = 
This bears a considerable resemblance to some forms of the preceding species, 


but its two-celled ovary, besides other differences, proves it to be quite distinct. ~ 


Its technical characters would perhaps bring it within the genus Se/erosty er a 
nearest affinity is certainly with the species of Glycosmis. 


ea 4, MURRAYA, Kenig. 

1. M. exotica, Lin. . 

Var. a. buzifolia ; ramulis confertis, glabris vel tomentosis ; foliis 
is triangularibus.—. exotica, W. et A., 


us; calycis segmentis oblongis.—W. paniculata, W. et A., 

-¢. cum syn.—c.P. 1199. . ~ 
. Var. a in gardens only. Var. 8 common in the warmer 
parts of the island, and up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 


: o” 


ya-gass. 


46 ENUMERATION OF - [Awrantiacee, — 


With fresh specimens of these two forms before me, I have been unable to discover 
anything like a good specific difference between them. 


5. SCLEROSTYLIS, Blume. 


I. S. Geylanica, Wight, Ill. i. p. 109.—S. Arnottiana, Wight, 1. c. 
Rissoa Ceylanica, Arn. Pug. p. 6 (324).—c.P. 1196. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, not uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
“ Yucca-naara-gass.”’ 

A very variable species in the size and shape of its leaves, and the number of 
flowers in the axils. I have always found the flowers tetramerous, and two ovules 
in each loculus of the ovary. 


9, S. rotundifolia, Thw.; inermis?, foliis rotundis vel ovato-ro- 
tundis, rétusis, coriaceis ; racemis ad apices ramulorum confertis.— 
c.P. 3295. 4 

Has. Maturatte, at an elevation of 4000 feet and upwards; not common. 

‘Arbor parva, ramosissima, glabra. Folia 4-14 poll. longa, 4-14 poll, lata, 
petiolo \-2 lin. longo. Racemi axillares et terminales, solitarii vel 2—3-fasciculati, 
5-10-flori, foliis equilongi. Flores tetrameri. Calyx profunde 4-fidus, lobis rotun- 
datis. Ovarium oblongum, brevi-stipitatum, in sty/um cylindricum apice compresso- 
dilatatum margine stigmatosam equilongum attenuatum ; /ocuiis 2, biovulatis. 

Closely allied to the preceding species, but distinguished at once by the absence 
(apparently) of spines, aud the different shape of the leaves. The calyx is deeply 
four-lobed, whereas in S. Ceylanica it is scarcely more than undulated ; the style is 
also more slender in the present species, and the ovary more decidedly stalked. In — 
both species the latter organ is surrounded at its base by a free, glandular annulus. 


6. BERGERA, Kenig. 


1. B. Keenigii, Lin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 94, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, - 
t. 13.)—c.P. 1203, 2547. ‘ 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; not uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
_ “ Karapinchee-gass.” 

‘The Cinghalese use the leaves of this plant as a seasoning for their curries. 

2. B. nitida, Thw.; foliolis 5-14, oblongis, obtuse ‘acuminatis vel 
retusis, valde obliquis, obscure crenatis, glabris, nitidis ; ovarit loculis 2, 
biovulatis.—c.P. 2421. ‘ 

_ His. Warmer parts of the island ; not very uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
‘ “ Meegong-karapinchee-gass.” . 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli minute pilosi. Foliola 14-8 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. 
lata, petiolulo puberulo, 1-2 lin. longo. Paniculi terminales, puberuli. Flores 
parvi, albidi, pentameri. Staminum filamenta medio dilatata ; anthere cordato- 
rotundate. Ovarium oblongum ; stylo brevi, cylindrico, deciduo ; stigmate capitato. 
Fructus sphericus, pulposus, flavus, 1-spermus, 4—5 lin. in diam. ae 

This species has evidently a near affinity with Piptostylis Indica, Dalzell (Hook. 
Journ. of Bot. vol. iii. p. 33. t. 2), the style being wholly deciduous as in that 
species, and the loculi of the ovary always two-ovuled ; but it differs from it in ifs. 
very oblique leaves, smaller flowers, capitate stigma, and two-celled ovary. It may 
be considered doubtful, perhaps, whether it is desirable to retain the genus Piptostylis 
as distinct from Bergera. 1am able to confirm Mr. Dalzell’s observation that the 
loculi of the ovarium of B. Kewigii are frequently two-ovuled. 


#; 7. MICROMELUM, Blume. 
1. M. pubescens, Blume, Bijd. p. 138?.—c.r. 188. 


 Aurantiacee.) CEYLON PLANTS. — ae 


Has. Very common in the hotter parts of the island, up to an ele- 
vation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-karapinchee-gass.” 

This is a very variable plant in the size and shapé of its leaves, which are always 
very oblique at the base. The small-leaved state bears very considerable resem- 
blance to Bergera.Kenigii. There seems to me to be scarcely sufficient grounds 
for excluding the present species from the genus Cookia. : 


8. CLAUSENA, Burm. : Ne 


1. C. Willdenovii, W. et A. Prod. i. 96, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 339.—c.P. 1204, 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

Foliorum juniorum rachis, cum foliolorum petiolulis, costulis marginibusque 
superne puberula. 

2. GC. pubescens, W. et A., |. c.—o.P. 2546. 

Has. Near Hanguranketty, at an elevation of about 3000 feet; not 
common. 

I suspect that this and the preceding will prove to be but varieties of one species, 
for I can discover no character of any importance to distinguish them except the 
dense pubescence upon the ramuli and under surface of the leaves of the present 
one. 


s 


9. PARAMIGNYA, Wight. 


1. P. monophylla, Wight, Tlust. p. 108. t. 42.—c.P, 1201, 1202. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “‘ Wallangereya.” : ee 


10. Gen. Nov. ARTHROMISCHUS, Thw. 


Calyx brevis, 4-dentatus. Corolle petala 4, oblonga. Stamina 8, — 
equalia ; flamentis medio dilatatis ; antheris oblongis. _ Ovariwm 
gynophoro conspicuo suffultum, 4-loculare ; Joculés 1-ovulatis. Ovula 
pendula. Stylus longus, cylindricus. Stigma dilatatum. | Fructus 
1-4-spermus. 


1. A. armatus, Thw.—c.P. 1197, 3115. oe ; 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, at no great elevation ; not common. 

Frutex scandens, spinis rectis vel apice curvatis armatus. Ramule glabri vel 
minute puberuli, Folia 1-foliolata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo ; foliolo ovato- vel 
oblongo-acuminato, basi rotundato, 13-3} poll. longo, 7-15 lin. lato; petiolulo 1 
lin. Yongo. Fasciculi axillares, 1-8-flori, pedicellis 8-4 lin. longis. Pefa/a 2 lin. 


longa. ~ Ovarium subsphericum, gynophoro rotundato gequilongo subzequilato 


suffultum. Fructus pulposus, rotundatus, flavescens, 4-8 lin. in diam. * 
. This plant differs from Zuvunga in the greater number of cells to the ovary, and 

these being one-ovuled; from Paramignya its jointed leaf-stalk, small calyx, and 
one-ovuled loculi distinguish it, whilst from Atalantia it is separated by its scandent 


_ habit, free filaments, and stalked ovary. 


11. LUVUNGA, Ham. 


Ac es scandens, Ham. (Wight, Tilust. i. 108.)—Limonia scandens, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 380.—c.P. 1195. ! 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


48 ENUMERATION OF [ Guttifere. 


In all the specimens of this plant I have examined, the filaments were free 
to their very base, even in the unexpanded flowers, and the species appears to be 
somewhat dicecious, as in some plants the ovaries of all the flowers are entirely 
without ovules. : 

If Roxburgh did not make a mistake in his description of this plant, it will be’ 
necessary to call the Ceylon Lavunga in this ‘ Enumeration,’ LZ. eleutherandra, 
Dalzell, or what is the Z. Tavoyana, Wall., referred to by Wight in the Illust. i. 
p- 108? © 

& \. eleutherandra, Dalz. Hook. Journ. of Bot. ii. (1850) p. 258; 
Walp. Ann. ii. p. 184.—c.p. 1195. 
Peis Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

This species would appear to be diccious, as in some plants the ovaries of all the 
rato are entirely without ovules. It varies much in the shape and size of the 
eaves. 


12, FERONIA, Corr. 


_ L FP. Elephantum, Corr. (W. et A. Prod. i, 96, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 15.)—c.P. 1205. : : 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, very abundant. Nom. vulg. 
“ Diwool-gass.” ; 38 


_ XXXVI. HYPERICACEA. 


1. HYPERICUM, Lin. 


1. Hf. Mysorense, Herb. Mad. (W. et A. Prod. i. 99.)—Norysea 
Mysorensis, Wight, Icones, t. 56.—c.P. 48. 
4B. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet ; not 
uncommon. 


2. EZ. Japonicum, Thunb. (W. et A., l.c. cum s ey 2420. 
: Hae. Abundant in paddy-fields and other wet p es throughout the 
isl an - . : Ne ¥ 


* 


XXXVII. GUTTIFERZ, 


1. GARCINIA, Lin. 


1, G. Cambogia, Desrous. (DC. Prod. i. 561, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. i. 125, cum syn.)—Cambogia Gutta, Lin. (in parte), et forsan 
Gare. Roxburgh, Wight, 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 1172, Lo cag 

Var. a; fructu maturo flayo. 

Var. 8; fructu maturo rubro. we 

- Not uncommon up to an clevation of 1500 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Goraka-gass.” mh Saadeh ede , 
Florum fasciculi :—Masc. 3-8, pedicellati, pedicellis 7-10 lin. longis, apice parce 
: —— Fam. 1-2, pedicellati, pedicellis 2-5 lin. longis. Fructus 24-3 poll. 
in diam. 

There appears to be in Ceylon but one species of Garcinia with sulcated fruit, 
but in all the figures and descriptions of it 1 have seen, no notice is taken of a 
very marked character it has, namely, that the sulci or furrows are not continued 

_ to the apex, but terminate at some distance from it, the apex itself being smooth 
and depressed, and somewhat mamilleform.. The gum which exudes from the tree 


ed 


Guttifere. | CEYLON PLANTS. 49 


is semitransparent, very adhesive, and is insoluble in water, and therefore quite 
unsuitable for the purposes of the draughtsman. The Cinghalese dry the acid rinds of 
the ripe fruit, both the yellow and red varieties, and use them as a condiment for 
‘eating with their curries. : 

2. G. echinocarpa, Thw. (Hook. Journ of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 71.) 

Var. a; foliis oblongis vel lanceolatis, acuminatis.—c.P. 2445. 

Var. 8; foliis valde coriaceis, obovatis vel oblongis, retusis vel acu- 
mine brevi obtuso ; floribus majoribus.—o.P. 335. 

Has. Var. a, in the forests between Ratnapoora and Galle, at no 
great elevation. Var. 8, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 to 6000 feet; common. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Madol-gass.” 

_ Flores terminales, sessiles: MASC. numerosi, aggregati; Fa@M. solitarii. Ova- 
rium squamis carnosis numerosis imbricatis tectum. Fructus subsphericus, 
echinulato-muricatus. - 

A thick oil is extracted from the seeds, which is used by the Cinghalese for 
burning in their lamps, but it gives a very indifferent light. . : 

_3. G. Morella, Desrous.—Hebradendron cambogioides, Graham, in 

. Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag. vol. ii. p. 199. t. 27, cum syn. Garcinia 
Gutta, Wight, Ilust. i. 126. Cambogia Gutta, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. p. 87, 
in parte.—c.p. 322. - ‘ 

4B. Warmer .parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Gokatoo-gass,” ‘‘ Kana-goraka-gass.” 

Fam. Ovarium glabrum, apice stigmate sessili imbticatim’ lobato tectum ; basi 
staminibus sterilibus circiter 12, 1-serialibus, basi coheerentibus cinctum; axtheris 
effcetis, subquadratis, apice emarginatis. : ; 

This is the only speciés growing in Ceylon from which gamboge is obtainable, 
and ne tree is not uncommon, the pigment might be collected in considerable 
quantities. 3 


2. TERPNOPHYLLUM, ‘Thw. 


Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 70. 
? Discostigma, Hassk. (Endl. Gen. Plant. Suppl. iii. p. 95.) 


Flores dioici. Calyx 4-phyllus, deciduus. Masc. Stamina plurima in diseam 
mamillatum 2- vel 4-lobatum subtus petalis adheerentem coalita ; mamillis singulis, 
antheras 2-4, loculis horizontalibus subimmersis gerentibus ; ovarii rudimento minuto. 
Fem. Ovarium biloculare, staminibus sterilibus paucis squameeformibus cinetum. 

1, T. Zeylanicum, Thw.l.c.t.2.  — ; 

: Var. a. lanceolatum ; foliis lanceolatis ; disco stamineo 2-lobato, lobis 
bifidis, medio suleatis.—c.p. 2695. : EES Soap tt 

Var. 8. acuminatum ; foliis lanceolatis, obtuse rostrato-acuminatis ; 
diseo stamineo 4-lobato.—c.P. 3400. 


Has. Var. a, Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feat. 


Var. 8, in forests between Ratnapoora and Galle, at no great elevation. 
The Garcinia Merguensis, Wight, Tcoves, t- 116, will probably prove to be a 
Species of this genus. . 


3. XANTHOCHYMUS, Roxb. 


__ 1. &. ovalifolius, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 632; W. et A. Prod. i. 102 
pa syn. a Burm. Fl. Ind. et Fl. Zeyl.).—? X. spicatus, W. et A., 
ac% 

: H 


oe _ceolatis, ete., Fl. Zeyl. ni. 


., ee ENUMERATION OF. - [Guttifere. 


Var. a ; foliis ovatis, apice rotundatis vel retusis.—c.p. 1173. 

Var. 8 ; foliis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, plus minus acuminatis. 
—c.P. 731 (743, 755). 

Has. Var. a, hot, drier parts of the island. Var. 8, Central Pro- 
vince, up to an elevation of 3000 feet; abundant. Nom. vulg. ‘ Ella- 
gokatoo-gass.” : : 

A most variable species, both as to the shape of the leaves and length of ‘the 
peduncles and pedicels. Although the extreme forms of vars, a and B look very 
dissimilar, Iam unable to find any constant character by which to separate them. 
A tenacious gummy matter exudes from the trunk, but it is of no value» 


4. MESUA, Linn. 


1. M. ferrea, Linn. Sp. 734; DC. Prod. i. 562; Wight, Tll. i. 127; 
Icones, t. 118.—™. WNagaha, Gard. in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist, 
vol. viii. p. 4. Arbor Naghas, Burm. Zeyl. p. 25. Mesua foliis lan- 

303, Nagassarium, Rumph. Amb. vii. 3. t. 2. 
—0-P. 602. aS 

Var. a; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis. 

Var. 8; foliis lineari-lanceolatis. i 
-* Has. Vars. a and 8, common about Galagama, es cially the latter, 
Var. a occurs very oul in the neighbourhood of temples as one. 

of the favourite trees pldnted for ornament. N om. vulg. “ Na-gass.” 


Dr. Gardner has given, in the work quoted above, a very full description of the _ | 


ordinary form of this species. The natives express an oil from the seeds for burn- 
ing. The wood is very hard and durable. 

2. M. speciosa, Chois. in DC. Prodr. i. 562.; Rheede, Hort. Malab. 
iii, 63. t. 53. ? Wight, Icones, t. 961.—c.p- 2675. - 

Var. 8; foliis multo minoribus.—c.P. 603. 

Has. Banks of streams, in the Ratnapoora ‘District. Nom: vulg. 
“ Deya-na-gass.” : 

The figure in Hort. Mal., quoted above, and from which M. Choisy appears to 
have derived his character of the species, is a very fair representation of the usual 
form of this plant, which differs from the preceding in its much larger leaves, most 
commonly rounded at the base, its sessile’or subsessile flowers, and larger fruit. . 

3. M. Coromandelina, Wight, Icones, t. 117; Ilust, i. 127.— 
c.P. 3404, ae 2 

Has. Forests between Galle and Ratnapoora, at no great elevation. 
* Dr. Wight’s figure in the ‘Icones’ well represents this plant, which is distin- 


rounded, and in these being without the white coating on the under side, so con- — 
' spicnous in the other two species, and in its much smaller flowers on longer pedicels. 


2 


Capsula rotundata, coriacea, irregulariter fissa, 1-4-sperma, ealyce 
multum aucto coriaceo inclusa. Semina cotyledonibus distinetis, car- 


ae K. stylosa, Thw ; Soliis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis.—c.P. 


Guttifere.\ CEYLON PLANTS. 51 


Arbor magna. Ramuli teretes, glabri, rufescentes. Folza 2-3 poll. longa, 7-10 
lin. lata, subtus minutissime reticulata, petiofo 2-3 lin. longo. Stylus staminibus 
 numerosis multum longior. : 
This differs from Kayea floribunda of Wallich’s Pl. Asiat. Rarior. vol. iii. p. 5. 
t. 210, in its much smaller and differently-shaped leaves, and long, protruded style. 
The flowers are very fragrant. The timber is useful for building purposes. 


. 6. CALOPHYLLUM, Linn. 
Nom. vulg. ‘f Keena-gass,” ‘“ Walloo-keena-gass.’ 


” Sect. 1. Sepala 4. Petala 8. 


1, ©. Walkerii, Wight, Illust. i. 128. t. 45.—c.p. 1170. 

Has. Newera Ellia, Adam’s Peak, and other of the most elevated 
parts of the island. 
_ An oil is extracted from the seeds of this and the other species of the genus, 
which is used for burning. 


Sect. 2. Sepala 4. Petala 4. 
+ Racemi folia equantes vel longiores. : 


2. C. decipiens, Wight, Illust. i. 128; Icones, t. 106.—c.P. 3403. 

Var. a; foliis obovato-oblongis, basi rotundatis. 

Var. 8; foliis cordato-orbiculatis. re : : 

Has. Var. a, Ambagamowa District. Var, 8, Hinidoon Corle, at 
an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 

The leaves of this plant vary much in shape, and the foliage often strongly 
resembles that of the preceding. In very young plants (c.p. 3401) of what I 
believe to be this species, the leaves are lanceolate or cordate-lanceolate.: 

3. C. trapezifolium, Thw.; foliis coriaceis, parvis, ovato-trape- 
z0ideis, obtuse et breve acuminatis vel retusis; racemis folio multum 
longioribus ; floribus majusculis.—c.P. 2446. e ? 

Has. Hunasgiria District, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 to 5000 feet. 3 

Arbor magna. Ramuli glabri. Folia 13-2 poll. longa, 7-11 lin. lata, petiolo 

3-4 lin. longo. Fructus subspheericus, 8 lin. longus, 7 lin. latus. 3 
4, C. cuneifolium, Thw; foliis parvis, cuneato-spathulatis, obtuse 
vi-acuminatis vel retusis, coriaceis.—c.P. 2917. 
Has. Madamahanewera, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 
Arbor magna. Ramuli glabri. Folia 11-14 poll. longa, 5-9 lin. lata, petiolo 
. 3-4 lin. longo. _ Flores mediocres. Fructus sphericus, 8 lin. in diam. - 


Ae Bi? _ $+ Racemi foliis breviores. : oo 
_ 5, ©. Inophyllum, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 103 ; Wight, Illust. i. 128 ; 
Teones, t. 77.)—c.P. 2764. rs Ete: 
Has. Hotter parts $f the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg..“‘ Domba-gass.” 
’ 6. CG. tomentosum, Wight, Illust. i. 128; Tcones, t. 110.—e.r. 1171. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet ; com- 
mon. : 
'- The timber of this abundant tree is valued for building purposes, and the seeds 
are collected in considerable quantities for the sake of the oil they contain, which is 
~valled “ Keena-tel.” é 


| 7. ©. bracteatum, Thw.; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, a medio 


2 


bel 


62 _ ENUMERATION OF | Hippocrateacea. 


versus basin subrotundatam sensim angustatis; racemis conspicue 
bracteatis, tomentosis.—c.P. 2674. i 

Has. Saffragam District, by the sides of streams, at no great eleva- 
tion. - : 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli quadranguli, penduli, tomento ferrugineo caduco vestiti. 
Folia 33-8 poll. longa, 1-24 lata; petiolo 2-4 lin. longo; junora tomento fugaci 
pilosa.” Racemi foliis multo breviores, 4—8-flori. Pedicelli basi 1-bracteati, dracteis 
oblongis, tomentosis, 2-3 lin. longis. Flores 4 lin. in expans. Fructus immaturus 
oblongus. 


The bracteated racemes, much smaller flowers, and oblong fruit, abundantly dis- 
tinguish this from the preceding species. - 


Sect. 3. Sepala 4. Petala 0. 
Apoterium, Blume, Bijdr. p. 218. 
8. C. Moonii, Wight, Illust. i. 129; Icones, t. 111.—c.P. 3402. 


Has. Forests in the district between Galle and Ratnapoora ; not un- 
common. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Domba-keena-gass.” 

Arbor magna. Ramuli juniores tomento ferrugineo fugaci vestiti. Fructus’ 
spheericus. o 

9. ©. Burmanni, Wight, Illust. i. 129; Icones, t. 107, 108 ; Burm. 
Fl. Zeyl. t. 60.—c.p. 242, 2447. ‘ 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

Fructus subsphericus, rufo-brunneus, } poll. in diam, 


XXXVIII. HIPPOCRATEACEA. 


1, HIPPOCRATEA, Linn. 


1, Hi. Indica, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 104, cum syn.)—c.P. 1164. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; not uncommon. f 
2. HL. obtusifolia, Roxb. (W. et A., l/c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 963.)—o.P. 3158. | : 
Has. South of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Deyakirindi-wel.” 


2. KOKOONA, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. v, (1858) p. 379. 


Stamina 5, petalis alterna; Jilamentis subulatis, disco magno an- 
nulari expanso singulatim insertis. Ovarium semi-immersum, 3-locu- 
lare ; Joculis 4-12-ovulatis. Ovula erecta. ,Capsula triangularis, 
loculicide dehiscens, valvis 3, lignosis. Semina imbricata, longe alata, 

1. K. Zeylanica, Thw. |. c. t. 6.—c.p. 2584. “ . 

Has. Not uncommon on the banks of streams in the Saffragam and 
Ambagamowa Districts, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. Nom. 

vulg. ‘‘ Kokoon-gass,” ~ a 
_ The inner yellow bark of this tree is employed by the natives medicinally as a 
hasrepean and an oil is expressed from the seeds, which is used for burning in 

ne ai 


Evrythroxylee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 53 


3. SALACTA, Linn. 


1. S. oblonga, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 106, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 97 ; Illust. t. 47 B.)—c.v. 1061, 3148. : 

Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

2. S. reticulata, Wight, Ilust. i, 134.—c.P. 658. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. Nom, 
vulg. ‘* Himbootoo-wel.” 

The natives eat the pulp of the ripe, rather large, spherical fruit. 

3. S. prinoides, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 105; Wight, Icones, t. 321.) 
—c.P. 1165. : 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Heen-himbootoo-wel.” : 

4. S. diandra, Thw.; foliis integris, ovatis, obtuse acuminatis, basi 
angustatis, brevi-petiolatis, subtus nitidis, delicatule reticulatis ; floribus 
tetrameris, diandris.—c.p. 2720. 

Has. Central Province and Saffragam District, up to an elevation of 
- 2000 feet; not common. ; 

- Frutex scandens, siccitate nigrescens. Folia 2-43 poll. longa, 1-14 lata; petiolo 
1-2 lin. longo. Flores axillares, solitarii ; pedicello petiolo equilongo. Petala 
rotundata, unguiculata, in anthesi horizontalia, lateribus reflexis ; calycis segmentis 
triangularibus multo longioribus. -Staminum filamenta brevia; anthere extrorse, 


as subsphiericis, horizontaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarium biloculare, loculis bi- 
ovulatis. ary 


XXXIX. MALPIGHIACE. 


, 


1. HIPTAGE, Gaertn. 


1. H. Madablota, Gertn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 107, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. i. 189. t. 50.)—c.2. 659. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

2. Hi. parvifolia, W. et A., 1. c.—c.P. 1166, 1167. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, Gardner. 


Platynema laurifolium, W. et A., described as from Ceylon, is probably 
cultivated there only. Specimens in Hook. Herb. are from Sincapore, but it may 
not be wild there. ‘, : 


XL. ERYTHROXYLE. 


1. SETHIA, Kunth. 


_ 1, 8. Indica, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 106, eum syn.; Wight, Ilust. 
> 1, 186. t. 48.)—c.p. 1168. : 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. - : 
Mr. Ondaatze informs me that* an empyreumatic oil or wood-tar, used for pre- 
serving the wood employed in the construction of native boats, is obtained from the 
wood of this tree. 


54 SVs ENUMERATION OF [ Sapindacee. 


2. S. lanceolata, Wight, Illust. i. 136; foliis lanceolatis vel lineari- 
lanceolatis, obtunia, —c.P. 493. 

Has. On the banks of streams, Galagama, at an elevation of 2000 
to 3000 feet. 


Frutex erectus, ramosus. Folia 2-33 poll. longa, 3-1 poll. lata; petiolo 14-24 
~ Tin. longo. 

This is, as truly observed by Dr. Wight, very closely allied to the next species ; 
but, in addition to the difference in their shape, the under side of the leaves of the 
present plant is less shining, and the large areolxe formed by the inosculation of the 

* primary veins approach nearer to the margin than they do in S. obtusifolia. If 

these are, as Dr. Wight suggests, to be considered only varieties of one species, 8. 
acuminata would also have to be joined with them, and perhaps this would best 
express their real character, om I can hardly venture to. unite them without . 
further investigation. - og 


3. S. obtusifolia; foliis ovato-lanceolatis,. ellipticis vel obovatis, apice 
obtuse brevi-acuminatis vel rotundatis, basi plus minus angustatis vel 
agers 

tylosa; staminibus alternis lo ioribus, stylo brevioribus.—S. 
iiereel ata,.var. B obtusifolia, Wight, Ilust. i. 136.—c.P. 2613. 

b. staminea; staminibus aequalibus, stylo longioribus.—S. erythroxy- 
loides, Wight, 32 C.—C.P. 25. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 


Folia 13-34 poll. longa, 3-12 lata ; petiolo 2-32 lin. longo. 

Until I found the same peculiarity existing in the next species, I considered, with 
Dr. Wight, that the different states indicated above under the letters a and 4 were 
distinct species: I am now disposed to look upon them rather as the foreshadowing 
of a dioicous character, though fruit is produced apparently in equal — upon 
the plants of either state. 


4, S. acuminata, Arn. Pug. p. 6 (324) ; —— Tilust. i. 135.— 
Erythroxylon lucidum, Moon's Cat.—c.p. 222 
es 8; foliis minoribus, longius acuminatis ; ; petiolo breviori.—c.P. 
a. stylosa ; staminibus alternis longioribus, stylo brevioribus. 
db. staminea ; staminibus equalibus, stylo longioribus. 
Has. Ambag mowa and Saffragam Districts, at an elevation of 1 1000 
~ to 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Batta-kerilla-gass.” 


The smaller and much acuminated leaves, and the more acute segments of the 
calyx, seem alone to distinguish this from the preceding species. 

The Cinghalese attach much value to this plant as an anthelmintic for children, 
giving the juice expressed from the fresh leaves. 


es XLI. SAPINDACEZ. 
1, CARDIOSPERMUM, Linn. 


; “4 I. e 


- 


1. ©. Halicacabum, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 109, cum syn.)—c.P. 
Has. Very abundant in the warmer epee of the island. Nom. vulg. 
s aira-wel.”  - 


It is probable that C. canescens, Wall, occurs also in the island, but I have never 
yet met with it. 


* 


Sapindacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. . 55 


2. SCHMIDELIA, Lin. 


1, S. Cobbe, DC. Prod. i. 610, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 964, 2; 
W. et A. Prod. i. 110, eum syn.—c.r. 1156. ' 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Cobbai-gass.” 
2. S. villosa, Wight, Icon. t. 401.—? 8. Rheedii, Wight, Ic. t. 964. 
—c.P. 3549. Sis ; a 
- Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. : 
T suspect that this will prove to be but a variety of the preceding species, from 
which it seems scarcely to differ except in being much more hairy. 


3. S. allophylla, DC. Prod. i. 611, cum syn.; foliis lanceolatis vel 
_ ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, glabris, integris vel versus apicem grosse 
dentatis, basi angustatis. : 

Var. a; racemis brevibus, hispidis ; bracteolis confertis.—c.P. 2679. 
S. allophylia, Arn. Pug. 8 (326). Se ee . 

ar. 8; racemis elongatis, minute pilosis, florum fasciculis sparsis ; 
bracteolis inconspicuis.—c.P. 562. oe 

Has. Var. a, Ambagamowa and Hinidoon Districts, up to an eleva- 
tion of 3000 feet. Var. 8, Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 
to 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 4-10 poll. longa, 13-84 poll. lata; petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. 
Flores parvi; petalis longe unguiculatis ; sguamulis villosis, lamina «equilongis. - 

_ Bacce rotundate, rubre. 

4, S. hispida, Thw.; ramulis hispidis ; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis vel parce angustatis, glabris, margine costa venis pri- 
Mariisque utrinque cum petiolo longo hispidis ; racemis brevissimis ; 
Jloribus confertis.—c.r. 3294. 

. Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 5-14 poll. longa, 2-5 poll. lata; petiolo 3-2 poll. longo. 
Petala unguiculata ; squamuiis longe villosis, lamina brevioribus. ? 

5. S. acuminata, Thw.; jfoliis ovatis, obtuse rostrato-acuminatis, 
glabris ; racemis elongatulis, subglabris, sparsifloris.—c.P. 3001. 

B. Galagama, on the banks éf streams, at an elevation of 2000 to 
3000 feet. ig) 

Arbor parva. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia 24-44 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata; 

petiolo 4-7 lin. longo. Petalorum squamule densissime villosee, lamina aequilonge. 


3. SAPINDUS, Linn. 


"1, 8. laurifolius, Vahl, (Wight et Arn. Prod. i. 111, cum syn.)—. 

CP, 2545. ae 
~ Haz. Southern and central parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
3000 feet. sbi 


_ The specimens in this Herbarium have the leaves tomentose underneath, and the 

petals, which are hairy over their entire inner surface, have two hairy glandular 

appendages, as in the following species. ; 

2. S. emarginatus,. Vahl, (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Ilust. i. 

141. t. 51.)—c,p. 1151. ; s 
‘Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. - Nom. vulg. “ Penella-gass. 
‘My specimens have the under side of the leaves quite glabrous, so that it would 


——. ' ENUMERATION OF [ Sapindacee. 


appear that this and the foregoing species vary in having their leaves either glabrous 
or hairy beneath. 


3. S. unijugus, Thw.; foliis bifoliolatis, glabris ; petiolo tereti, basi 
tumido; foliolis lanceolatis, reticulatis, obtuse acuminatis, brevi-pe- 
tiolulatis ; racemis simplicibus vel ramosis, subterminalibus, oppositi- 
foliis, minute pilosis.—c.pP. 2465. 

Has. Hewahette District, at-an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor magna. Folia siccitate nigrescentia; petiolo 7-12 lin. longo; foliolis 
3-5 poll. longis, 14-2 poll. latis; petiolu/o tumido 2-3 lin. longo. Calycis seg- 
menta acuta. Stamina 8. Ovarium hirsutulum, 3-loculare; stigmate sessili, 
8-radiato. Bacca 1-3-sperma, 3-14 poll. in diam., subrotundata. 

The specimens I have obtained of this plant do not enable me to give so full a 
description of the flower and fruit as I could wish. In appearance it a good deal 
resembles Nephelium bifoliolatum of this work, but. the structure of the fruit is 
very different. 


. 4. HEMIGYROSA, Blume. 
Rumphia, vol. iii. p. 165. Walpers, Aun. vol. ii. p. 212. 


1. H. trichocarpa, Thw.; /o/iis abrupte pinnatis, subglabris ; foliolis 
suboppositis, 2-4-jugis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, integris ; racemis to- 
mentosis, plus minus ramosis ; bracteolis subulatis, curvatis, pedécellis 
longioribus. ‘ 

Var. 8; foliis minoribus, angustioribus.—c.P. 607. 

Has. Var. a, Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. - 
Var. 8, hot, drier parts of the island. 

Arbor mediocris. Petala 4 (uno deficiente). Ovarium hirsutum, trigonum ; 
stylo brevi. Fructis. hirsutus, indehiscens, trigonus, trilocularis ; pericarpio sub- 
lignoso, interne piloso. Semina oblonga; testa membranacea ; cotyledonibus car- ~ 
nosis, «equalibus, incumbentibus ; radicula parva, ab hilo distante. 


2. Hi. canescens, Thw.—Cupania canescens, W. et A. Prod. i. 113. 
_Molinea canescens, Roxb. Cor. i. 43. t. 60; foliis oyato-lanceolatis, 
glabris, subtus fuscescentibus; racemis plus minus ramosis, minute 
tomentosis ; bracteolis minutis, triangularibus, pedicellis brevioribus. 
—C.P. 3508. 

_ Has. Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, at no great elevation. 

This plant is so closely allied to the preceding that I suspect there must be some 
mistake in its having been described with dehis¢ent fruit and arillate seeds. The 
apparent arillus in Roxburgh’s figure is, I believe, the hairy coating of the inside of 
the pericarp. The fruit in my specimens is very immature. I find the fifth (small) 

sometimes present, a8 figured by Roxburgh. _ : 


5. HARPULLIA, Roxb. o 
Otonychium, Blume. Streptostigma, Thw. oa 


1. H. imbricata.—Otonychium imbricatum, Bl. Rumphia, iii. 180; 
uaper. Ann. ii. 213. Streptostigma viridiflorum, Thw. in Hook. Journ. — 
of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 298. t.94.. ? Harpullia cupanioides, Roxb. 
Fi. Ind, ii. p. 442.—c.p. 605, 736. : : ; 

Has. Central Province; not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 

This must be closely allied to, if not identical with, Roxburgh’s Harpullia 
cupaniodes, but, if that eminent botanists description be correct, the Ceylon plant 


‘Sapindacee. | CEYLON PLANTS, 57 


differs from his in having most frequently two instead of one seed in each loculus of . 
the seed-vessel ; the seeds of a different colour and shape, and with an aril very 
minute, instead of reaching nearly to their apex: the position of the radicle would 
also appear to be differeut. The peculiar twisted character of the stigma, so evident 
in the Ceylon plant, would scarcely have been left unnoticed by Roxburgh and 
Wallich had it been present in the species described by them, which on the other hand 
is said to have a bifid style. 


6. NEPHELIUM, Linn. : 


+ Petala appendiculata. 


1. N. erectum, Thw.; jfoliis majusculis, abrupte conte Soliolis 
3-4-jugis, suboppositis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, integris, glabris, reti- 
tis; paniculis terminalibus, multifloris, foliis multo brevioribus ; 
fructibus 1-3- raro 4-lobis, minute tomentosis, lobis oblougis.—c.P. 
1150 (in parte). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. . 

Frutex erectus, non vel parce ramosus, 6-10-pedalis. Foliorwm rachis striata, - 
10-14 poll. longa ; foliolis 6-10 poll. longis, 2-34 latis, brevi-petiolatis. Mores 
5-meri. Calycis segmenta rotundata. Petala late unguiculata, medio squamata ; 
lamina rotundata, reflexa, levi, margine involuta; sguama erecta, bifida, villosa. 
Discus annuliformis, levis. Stamina 8. Stylus brevissimus. Stigma minutum, 
3-lobum. Fructus carnosus, luteus ; Jodzs circiter 1 poll. longis. Semina ovoidea, 
arillo carnoso hyalino integro inclusa; ¢esta membranacea, rufa; cotyledonibus 
crassis, incumbentibus. 


2. N. simplicifolium, Thw. ; foliis integris, cuneato-lanceolatis, acu- 
minatis, levibus, membranaceis, reticulatis; paniculis brevibus, sub- 
terminalibus, minutissime tomentosis.—c.P. 443. 

Has. South of the island, at no great elevation ; rare. 

Frutez erectus, 6-10-pedalis, parce ramosus. Folia 8-12 poll. longa, 23-4 poll. 
lata; petiolo 4-2 poll. longo. Flores 5-meri. Calycis segmenta rotundata. Petala 
exunguiculata, rotundata, ciliata, basi sgwamuda parva villosa munita. Discus re- 
gularis, levis. Stamina 8, ovarii radimentum 3-lobatum cingentia. 

Until the fruit of this species, is known, there must remain some little doubt as 
3 whether it is a true Nephelium. I have as yet seen only very young male flowers 
of it. * 


3. N. bifoliolatum, Thw.; foliolis unijugis, integris, lanceolatis, _ 
-obtusiusculis, basi angustatis, glabris; paniculis terminalibus, foliis 
eters vel longioribus.—c.pP. 1721. ae fia 

. Lower Badulla Road from Kandy, at no great elevation. 


(Flor. Aprili.) 
Arbor mediocris, 20-30-pedalis, ramosissima. Folio/a superne nitida, reticulata, 


_ subtus opaca, fuscescentia, 3-5 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata, petiolulo 2-3 lin, longo, 
petiolum 4-1 poll. longum terminalatia. Panicule pilosule. Flores 5-meri. Calycis : 

Segmenta rotundata, glabra, ciliata. Petala parce longiora, oblonga, glabra, ciliata, 

- abrupte brevi-unguiculata, basi sguamula parva rotundata longe ciliata munita, 

; carnosus, crenulatus, Stamina sepissime 7: masc. filamentis linearibus, 
petala squantibus, basi pilosis; fam. brevibus, ovarium glabrum bilobum cingen- 
tibus. StyZus linearis. Stigma minutum, obscure bilobum. 

4. NM. eximium.— Eccremanthus eximius, Thw. in Hook. Journ. of 
Bot. vii. p. 272. t. 9; foliis magnis, abrupte pinnatis, subsessilibus ; 
Soliolis 5-13-jugis, oblongo-lanceolatis, serratis, subsessilibus, subtus 
hirsutulis, pare inferiore minore, obliquo, curvato, seepe deciduo ; pani- 

I 


58 ENUMERATION OF . [ Sapindacee. 


culis tomentosis, ramis elongatis, pendulis, multifloris, cylindricis ; 
floribus minutis.—c.P. 1153. 

' Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. (Flor. 
Maio; fruct. Julio.) 

Arbor magna, 40-60-pedalis. Ramuli juniores rufo-hirsuti. Flores 5-meri. 
Calycis segmenta brevia, subacuta. Peta/a minuta, transverse oblonga, exunguicu- 
lata, sguama adnata subsequilonga margine dense villosa munita. Dzscus carnosus, 
rufescens. Stamina 5, petalis multo longiora. Ovarium bilobum, hirsutulum ; 
stylo lineari ; stigmate minuto, bilobo. Fructus carnosus, subglaber, seepissime 
l-lobus. Semen oblongum, aril/o hyalino fere tectum, hilo magno obliquo ; testa 


rufa. 
* ++ Petala exappendiculata. 


5. N. Longanum, Camb. (W. et A. Prod.i. 113, cum syn.)—W. Mora, 
Gardner, MSS. Dimocarpus pupilla, Moon’s Cat. p. 31.—c.p. 1152. 

Has. Abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“* Mora-gass.”’ 

-Ramuli, cum partibus aliis junioribus, tomento stellari rufescente vestiti. Fructus 
immaturus tuberculatus, stellari-tomentosus, demum glaber, levis; ari//o plus minus 
copioso. 

The Cinghalese eat the fleshy aril of the fruit of this tree, and the wood is useful 
for building purposes. 


6. N. Gardneri, Thw.; foliis abrupte pinnatis, subglabris ; foliolis 
2-3-jugis, lanceolatis, grosse et obtuse dentatis, brevi-petiolulatis, 
subtus glaucis.—c.p. 1154. 

- Has. Putlam, Gardner. : 
Preecedenti valde similis affinisque, sed foliis dentatis, sepalis petalisque acutioribus, 
et pubescentia vix stellari satis distincta videtur. 


+tt Petala nulla. 

7. N. fuscatum, Thw.; foliis abrupte pinnatis, glabris ; foliolis 
2-jugis, lanceolatis, obtusis vel retusis, basi cuneatis, reticulatis, brevi- 
“oe rek 3 racemis terminalibus, minute fusco-pilosis, ramosis; ramis 

ensifloris, spiceeformibus.—c.P. 2577. 

Has. Putlam, Gardner. 

Foliola 3-4 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata. Flores minuti. Calycis segmenta acuta. 
Discus complanatus, crenatus. Stamina 8-10, glabra. Bigs 

T have not seen the fertile flowers or fruit of this plant. 


7. SCHLEICHERA, Willd. 


1. S. trijuga, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 114, cum syn.)—c.p. 1155. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Céng-gass.” ros 


The Cinghalese express an oil from the seeds of this tree, which they use for — 
burning, and a considerable quantity of lac is often produced upon the young 
branches: 

8. PTERIDOPHYLLUM, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. yol. vi. (1854) p. 65. 


_ Flores polygamo-monoici. Stamina 5, disco intas complanato crenato— 
inserta.. Ovariwm rotundatum, biloculare. Ovula in loculis solitaria, 


Meliacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 59 


endula, anatropa. Stylus linearis. Stigma minutum, bilobum. Fructus 
paceus, sepissime l-spermus ; putamine membranaceo. Semen ex- 
arillatum ; testa membranacea ; cotyledonibus foliaceis, plicatis ; radicula 
dorsali, hilo fere attingente. 2 
1. P. decipiens, Thw. l.c. t. 1 B.— Rhus decipiens, W. et A. Prod.i. 
172; Wight, Illust. i. 186: t. 75.—c.P, 536. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Pehimbia-gass.” (Flor. Jan.; fruct. Mar.) 
The wood of this very ornamental tree is useful for building purposes. 


9, DODONZBA, Linn. e 


1. D. Burmanniana, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i, 114, cum syn. ; Wight, 
+ Tiust. i. 142. t. 52.)—c.p. 1158. 
Haz. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Attawarella-gass.”’ - 


10. MELIOSMA, Blume. 
Millingtonia, Roxb., W. et A. 


1. M. pungens, Walp. Rep. i. 423.—Millingtonia pungens, Wall. ; 
W. et A. Prod. i. 115, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 964/3.—c.P. 300 


580). 

Ha. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

Folia subintegra vel distanter serrulata, superne, costa venis primariisque exceptis, 
glabra (juniora sparse pilosa), subtus plus minus hirsuta. 

9. M. simplicifolia, Walp. 1. c.—Millingtonia simplicifolia, Roxb. ; 
W. et A., lc. cum syn.—c.P. 703. 

Has. Abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 


“ Albadda-gass,” “ Rawaniddala-gass.” : 

3. M. Arnottiana, Walp. 1. c.—Millingtonia Arnottiana, Wight, 
Ilust. i. 144. t. 53.—c.P. 293. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


XLII. MELIACE. 


1. MUNRONIA, Wight. 


1. M. pumila, Wight, Icones, t. 91.—c.P. Ly ee 

Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Bin-kohomba-gass.” en d 

This is much valued by the Cinghalese as a medicinal plant. 


9. MELIA, Linn. 
1. M. composita, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 117, cum syn.)—c.P. 699. 
Has. South of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Loonoomidella-gass. 
3. AZADIRACHTA, Adr. Juss. 


"1. A. Indica, Adr. Juss. (W. et A., 1.c. 118, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. 
396.)—c.P. 1159. 


60 ENUMERATION OF [ Meliacee. 


Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg. ‘ Kohémba-gass.” : 


The juice of the leaves of this plant is employed as an anthelmintic for cattle. 


4. MALLEA, Adr. Juss. 


1. M. Rothii, Adr. Juss. (W. et A., Lc. cum syn.)—c.p. 496. 
Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


5. MILNEA, Roxb. 


1. M. Roxburghiana, W. et A. Prod. i. 119; Wight, Icon. t. 166. 


—c.P. 1148. 
- Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 — 
feet. 


This and the next species are polygamo-dioicous, the barren flowers being smaller 
and in larger panicles than the fertile ones. ess 


__ 2, M. apiocarpa, Thw.; jfoliis imparipinnatis, foliolis 5-9, ovatis, 
obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis; jwnioribus subtus spadiceo-furfuraceis; 
' floribus pedicellis brevioribus ; fructibus pyriformibus.—c.P. 405, 2448. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 
Arbor parva. Ramuli juniores spadiceo-furfuracei. Petala externe furfuracea. 
Cotyledones singulze in duas partes plus minus ineequales fere ad basin divise. _ 
Closely allied to the preceding, but differing in. its larger and more furfuraceous 
leaves and flowers. In the present species the flowers are shorter than their pedicels, . 
whereas in I. Roxburghiana they are longer. 


6. AMOORA, Roxb. 


1. A. Rohituka, W. et A. Prod. i. 119—c.p. 558, 2479. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Hingool-gass.” 

Fructus subglobosus, rufescens, 1-14 poll. in diam., basi parum attenuatus. Semina — 
oblonga, brunnea, aril/o coccineo vestita. 


7, DYSOXYLON, Blume. 


1. D. macrocarpum, Blume, Bijdr. p. 175.—Guarea binectarifera, 
Roxb. Cat. ? Amoora ficiformis, Wight, Illust. i. 147.—c.p, 2637 
oe in parte). 

ar. 8 ; foliis minoribus, angustioribus. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var. B. 
_Batticaloa, Gardner. : 

Arbor ingens. Foliola 5-8 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata, petiolulo 4 lin. longo. 
Panicula supra-axillares, 3-5 poll. Waa, mised noe t tose, bros: 
floree ; pedicellis articulatis. Flores pallide virides, octandri, circiter 3 lin. longi. 
Calyx cupuliformis, 4-emarginulatus. Petala reflexa, acuta, externe minute tomen- 
tosa. Tubus stamineus 4-gonus, dentibus 8, obtusis, bifidis. Tubus interior ovario 
rotundato, piloso squilongus, denticulatus. Fructus rubescens, rotundatus, 4-locu- 
laris, 4-spermus, circiter 23 poll. in diam., brevi-pedunculatus. 

T suspect I have not seen the fertile flowers of this plant, for, judging from the 


Cedrelacea.]} CEYLON PLANTS. — 61 


fruit being so shortly peduncled, it would seem probable that they are on much 
shorter panicles or racemes. 


2. D. Championii, H.f. et T. MSS. ; foliis glabris, abrupte pinnatis ; 
foliolis 2-3-jugis, oblongo-spathulatis, subcoriaceis, aveniis, apice ro- 
tundatis.—c.r. 1193, 3596. 

Haz. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Arbor magna. Foliola 2-4 poll. longa, $-1} poll. lata. Panicule supra- 
axillares, 2-3 poll. longe, minutissime pilosule. ores octandri, flavescentes, 
circiter 3 lin. longi. Calyx brevis, 4-lobus. Petala glabra, acuta. Tubus stamineus 
dentibus 8, obtusis, bifidis. Zudus interior nullus. Fructus pyriformis, pollicaris, 
loculis 1-2-spermis. 

This differs from the other species of Dysozylom in having no inner tube sur- 
rounding the ovary. 


8. WALSURA, Roxb. 


1. W. piscidia, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 120, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. i. 148. t. 55.)—c.P. 1162. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kirrekong-gass.”’ 

2. W. Gardneri, Thw.; foliis unifoliolatis, glabris ; foliolo integro, 
ovato, obtuse-acuminato; petiolulo brevi, cum petiolo multo longiore 
articulato.—c.p. 1163. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva, 10-12-pedalis. Foliola 3-6 poll. longa, 13-24 lata, petiolulo 1-3 
lin. longo. Fructus oblongus, parum apiculatus, 6-8 lin. longus. : 
The flowers of this are very similar to those of the preceding species, but the fruit 
is larger and more oblong. The axis of the panicle is most frequently produced into 

a leaf-branch, in which case the inflorescence appears scattered along the stem. 


9. XYLOCARPUS, Konig. 


1. XX. Granatum, Kon. (W. et A. Prod. i. 121, cum syn.)—c.P. 2650. 
Has. South of the island; not common. 


‘ 


XLIll. CEDRELACEZ. 


1. CHICKRASSIA, Adr. Juss. 


sad: &- tabularis, Adv. Juss. (W. et A. Prod. i. 123; Wight, Must. i. 
‘ . t. 56.) 
Var. 8; foliis subtus tomentosis.—c.P. 2454. : Z 
B. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Hoolanghik-gass. 
The wood of this tree is useful for building purposes. 


2. CHLOROXYLON, DC. 


1. C. Swietenia, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 123, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. i. 149. t. 56 bis.) —o.P. 1160. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Booroota-gass.” 

This tree yields the satin-wood of commerce. 


62 '  ' BNUMERATION OF. [ Ampelidee. 


 XLIV. AMPELIDER. 


1. CISSUS, Linn. 


1. CG. edulis, Dalz. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. ix. p, 248.—C. 
uadrangularis, Roxb, (non Linn.). Vitis quadrangularrs, Wall. ; 
W. et A. Prod. i. 125; Wight, Icones, t. 51.—c.pr. 1174. 
Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 
The Cinghalese use the succulent stems of the plant as a medicine. 


2. CG. glyptocarpa, Thw. ; ramulis tenuibus, 4-alatis ; folies truncato- 
cordatis, acuminatis, serratis, glabris, subtus basi, costa nervisque 
adpresse pilosis; stipwlis cymbiformibus; eymis petiolo longioribus, 
medium versus 3-5-radiatis, glabris.—c.P. 1183. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

Folia 2-8 poll. longa, 1-1$ lata; petiolo alato, {-14 poll. longo, Flores parvi, 
_mifescentes. Petala acuta, reflexa. Stylus cylindricus. Stigma minutum, bilobum. 
Nuculania oblonga, 3} lin. longa, 1-sperma, nigro-purpurea. Semen pyriforme, 
dorso 6-seriatim excavato-punctatum, antice 2-suleatum. ; 

3. C. repens, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. 125, cum syn.)—c.P, 1180. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. 


4, C. acuminata, Thw.; ramulis teretibus; foliis membranaceis, 
truncato-cordatis, rostrato-acuminatis, denticulatis, glabris, superne 
costa venis primariisque appresse pilosis, longe petiolatis ; eymis spa- 
diceo-tomentosis, petiolo multo brevioribus.—c.P. 3451. 

Has. Ratnapoora District. 


Folia 6-7 poll. longa, 24-4 poll. lata; petiolo 24-84 poll. longo. Stipule 
reniformes, medio adnate. Petala externe pilosa, 

Closely allied to the preceding species, but differing from it in the shape and 
texture of the leaves, and in these being usually five-nerved at the base, whereas in 
C. repens they are most commonly three-nerved ; in the latter, too, the lamina is 
produced below the point of attachment of the petiole, giving the leaf a subpeltate 
character, but it is not so in the present species. 


5. C. glauca, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 425.—Vitis glauca, W. et A. Prod.i. 
126.—o.P. 2939. 

Haz. Abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

6. G. lonchiphylla, Thw. ;, glabra, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, acumi- 
natis, remote denticulatis, basi truncato-rotundatis, 3-nerviis, parum 
cot sage eymis brevi petiolo longioribus.—c.P. 1177. 


az. Ambagamowa District, at no great elevation; rare. Muruta, — 


Gardner. 

Folia 4-7 poll. longa, 13-24 poll. lata, petiolo 8-6 lin. longo. Stipule cordate, 
medio adnate. Flores parvi. Nuculania seme emit a - 
7. G. adnata, Roxb.— Vitis adnata, Wall.; W. et A. Prod. i 126, = 

cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 144,.—c.P. 3450. 

_ Has. Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. 
(8. CG. angulata, Lam.—Vitis Linnei, Wall.; W. et A. Prod. i. 126, 
cum syn.—c.P. 1181. ; 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; common. ‘ 
9. C. trilobata, Lam.—Vitis Rheedii, W. et A. Prod. i. 127, cum — 
syn.—c.P. 1182. ’ 
Has. Warmer parts of the island; common. 


Ampelidee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 63 


' 40. ©. setosa, Roxb.—Vitis setosa, Wall.; W. et A. Prod. i. 127, 
eum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 170.—c.p. 1179. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

11. C. carnosa, Lam.— Vitis carnosa, W. et A. Prod. i. 127, cum 
syn.—c.P. 2938. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island ; common. 


12. C. muricata.— Vitis muricata, Wall.; W. et A. Prod. i. 128, 
cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 740. ? C. papillosa, Bl. Bijdr. p. 183. 

Var. 8. minor.—c.r. 1178. 

Has. Central Province, wp to an elevation of 3000 feet; not un- 
common. ae 

Folia simplicia vel 2-3-foliolata ; foliolis 2-3% poll. longis. Nuculania albida, 
3-5 lin. in diam., 1-4-sperma. 

Tean fd no character but its smaller size to distinguish this from the plant 
_ figured by Dr. Wight. 

13. ©. Gardneri, Thw.; glabra, foliis 3-foliolatis; foliolis ovato- 
lanceolatis, repando-dentatis, brevi-petiolatis, basi cuneatis ; lateralibus 
minoribus obliquis ; stipulis cordato-oblongis, adnatis ; cymispetiolo 
multo longioribus.—c.p. 1176. 

Has. Matele and Hunasgiria Districts ; not common. 

Ramuli tevetes, rufescentes. Folia petiolo circiter 1 poll. longo; foliolo inter- 
medio, 2~8 poll. longo, 1-14 poll. lato. Cyme pauciflore, rufeseentes. Nuculania 
pisi magnitudine, nigro-purpurea, 

14, C, lanceolaria, Roxb.— Vitis lanceolaria, Wall.; W. et A., 1. c. 
eum syn.; Wight, Icones, tt. 28 et 177.—c.P. 3597. 

Has. Near Nalande. 

Tt seems probable {hat C. muricata is only a form of this species, as suggested by 
Wight and Arnott. 

15. C. pedata, Lam.—Vitis pedata, Wall.; W. et A. Prod. i, 128, 
cum syn.—c.P. 1175, 2725. oe) 

Has. Very abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Madeya-wel.” 

Varies very much in the amount of pubescence, sometimes being nearly 
glabrous, 

16. CG. reticulata, Thw.; glabra, foliis 3-foliolatis ; foliolis sube- 
qualibus, ovatis, cuspidatis, obscure denticulatis, subtus prominenti- 
reticulatis, basi angustatis; dateralibus obliquis; eymis petiolo lon- 
gioribus.—c.P. 2857. . 

Hab. Ambagamowa District ; rare. ' ‘ 

Folia petiolo 13-24 poll. longo ; foliolis 4-6 poll. longis, 2-23 poll. latis 5 
petiolulis lateralibus 3-6 Yin. longis; intermedio pollicari. Nuculania ovoidea, 
pallide rosea, cerasi magnitudine. Semina oblonga, 4 lin, longa. A 
Closely allied to some forms of the preceding, but its differently-shaped and reti- 

culated leaves at once distinguish it. ‘The fruit is larger and somewhat attenu- 
ated at the apex, and the seeds, though with similar markings, are half as long 
* again as those of C. pedata. ‘The ternate character of the leaflets will probably 
be found not to be constant. 


2. VITIS, Linn. 


1, V. Indiea, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 131, cum syn.)—c.r. 1184. 
Haz. Abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


64 ENUMERATION OF [ Oxalidea. 


3. LEEA, Linn. 


1. Ls. Staphylea, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 132, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tllust. i. 153. t. 58; Wight, Icon. t. 78.)—c.P. 732. : 

Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Booroola-gass.”” , 


“XLV. GERANIACEA. ae 


1. GERANIUM, Linn. 


1. G. Nepalense, Sweet, Ger. t. 12; DC. Prod. i. 643.—G. affine, 
W. et A. Prod. i. 133.—c.v. 2788. 

Has. Between Newera Ellia and Maturatte, at an elevation of 7000 
feet ; not common. : ale 


XLVI. OXALIDEZ. 


1. OXALIS, Linn. 


1. O. corniculata, Linn. (W. et.A. Prod. i. 142, cum syn.)—O. repens, 
Thunb.; DC. Prod. i. 693.—c.P. 1189. 

Var. 8. minor.—c.P. 1188. 

Has. Central Province, abundant up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 


2, BIOPHYTUM, DC. 


1. B. sensitivam, DC. Prod. i. 690, cum syn.—c.p. 1190. 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. 

_ 2, B. nudum, Arn. Pug. viii. 326; Wight, Illust. i. 161.—c.P. 464 (6 
in parte). : 
4B. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. ia 

The leaflets of this species are less faleate and of a firmer texture than those — 
of the preceding, of which it is perhaps only a variety, and which it resembles 
in its subglabrous styles, shorter than those of the two following species. = 
as B. proliferum, Arn. Pug. ix. 327; Wight, [llust. i. 162.—c.P. 
Var. 8 ; foliis majoribus ; foliolis plus numerosis.—B. intermedium, — | 
Wight, 1. c.—c.p. 2419 (6 in parte). ; . 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

Besides the difference of habit, the longer pilose styles distinguish this from 
the two preceding species. vee . bn : 

4. B. nervifolium, Thw.; caule simplici ; Soliolis circiter 12-jugis, 
obovato-oblongis, obtuse apiculatis ; venis primariis paucis aivartco 
subtus prominentibus ; pedicellis floribus brevioribus; stylis longis, 
pilosis, eS 2787. fea . 
- Has. Putlam, A. O. Brodie, Esq. : 

In habit and general appearance this a good deal resembles B. sensitivum, but 
the different shape and venation of the folioles, and the longer, hairy styles, seem 
satisfactorily to distinguish it. : 


Balsaminee. | CEYLON PLANTS. A 65 


XLVII. BALSAMINEA. 
1. IMPATIENS, Linn. 
. (Nom. vulg. << Koodaloo-mal.”’) 


Sect. 1. Foliis oppositis. 


1, I. rosmarinifolia, Retz, (Arn. in Comp. to Bot. Mag. i. 325, cum 
syn.; Walp. Rep. i. 475.)—c.v. 31. 

Has. Very abundant, especially amongst high grass, from the level 
of the sea to an elevation of 7000 feet. < : 


Sect. 2. Foliis alternis. Pedicellis axillaribus, solitariis vel pluribus. 


2. I. Balsamina, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 135, cum syn.)—c.P. 1213. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. — 


3. I. cuspidata, W. et A. Comp. to Bot. Mag. i. 321; Walp. Rep. 
p. 468 ; Wight, Icones, t. 741.—c.P. 156. 

Var. 8. foliis longioribus.—J. bipartita, Arn. 1. . i. 322 ; Walp. Rep. 
p. 468.—c.p. 503. 

Has. Var. a. Above Galagama, Gardner. Var. 8. Central Province, 
at_an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

I can find nothing to distinguish var. 8 from the other form of the plant but 
its longer, narrower leaves, and these with rather more numerous and less distinct 
primary veins. The flowers are of a dull reddish-purple in both: the relative 
‘size of the anterior lobe of the petals varies a good deal in different specimens. 


4, I. Henslowiana, Arn. l. ¢, ; Walp. lc. p. 469.—c.P. 49. 

Var. B. foliis tomentosis.—L albida, Wight, Icones, t.743.—c.p. 547. 

ee Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet ; on- 
rocks, : 

The smoother variety of this species agrees very completely with Dr. Arnott’s de- 
scription, except that the posterior sepal is not three-lobed, but two-lobed, with a 
wide sinus. The flowers are white, or slightly tinged with red. 


5. I. flaccida, Arn. |. c. p- 822; Walp. lc. p. 468.—L. latifolia, 
Moon’s Cat. p. 18.—c.p. 2791. 

Has. Abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. & 

Herbacea, decumbens. Flores rubro-purpurei, pallidi vel rarius candidi, 1-13 
poll, in exp. Sepalo posteriore obcordato, carinato ; petalorum lobis subsequalibus, 
rotundatis, emarginatis. Semina juniora pilis patentibus deciduis vestita. 

I do not find the spur in this species thicker towards the middle, and the appear- 
ance was probably caused in Dr. Arnott’s specimen by unequal pressure in drying, - 
. This must be closely allied to, if not a variety of, Z. datifolta, Linn., judging from 
the figure in Rheede, Hort, Mal. ix. 91. t, 48; and the last paragraph in the de- 
scription of t. 52, page 101, in the same volume, would seem to imply that the 
former has smooth capsules, though it is referred by Messrs. Wright and Arnott to 
a species with them tomentose. 


6. I. leptopoda, . Le. p. 321.—L. brevicornu, Arn. l.c. TL. gib- 
bosa, pg l.c.; Wale lc. ae 468, 469. ?I. Leschenaultii, Wight, — 
Tcon. t. 970 bis.—c.p. 140 (455). : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

' Erecta, 1-8-pedalis. . Petala rosea, divergentia, Jobis subequilongis, posteriore 
parum latiore, rgi . Capsule glabree. . 

A very a ay ae a very “able eres, aud the flowers are frequently 

quite ecalearate. The scattered, brittle, yellow pubescence sometimes upon the 
K 


66 ‘ ENUMERATION OF [ Balsaminee. © 


«plant, would seem to be of an abnormal character, and perhaps the absence or re- 
duced size of the spur arises from disease or injury. L Leschenaultii of Dr. Wight’s 
“Ieones,’ closely resembles some states of the present ; but in that the petals appear 
to be approximated, whilst in this they are divergent. . 


7. I. truncata, Thw. ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, denticula- 


tis, sparse utrinque pilosis, basi angustata petioloque parce glanduloso- — 


setigeris ; pedicellis 1-3-nis, tenuibus, una cum alabastris pilosis, foliis 
brevioribus ; sepalis lateralibus minutis, lanceolatis, posteriore multo 
majore, rotundato, cuspidato, anteriore hoe wquilongo, cuspidato, con- 
cavo, calcare recto, brevi, cylindrico, truncato; petalis approximatis, 
inequaliter bilobis, lobo anteriore multo majore, subsemicirculari; cap- 
sulis junioribus pilosis.—c.P. 2426. 

Var. 8. subglabra ; planta fere tota glabra. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

Herbacea, 1-2-pedalis, basi decumbens, radicans. Ramuli rufescentes. Folia 1-2 
poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, subtus pallidiora, petiolo 4-14 poll: longo. Fores pal- 
lide rosei, externe rufescentes, petalorum lobis basi rufo-tinctis. 

Apparently very closely allied to I. inconspicua, Benth., Wight, Icon. t. 970, but 
is distinguished by its alternate leaves, spurred flowers, and much smaller, lateral 
sepals, 
er I. macrophylla, Gardner, MSS.; Hook. Bot. Mag. 4662.—c.P. 

12. “ 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

Sepala lateralia anguste oblonga, posteriore 3-4-plo breviora. Petala lutea, sub- 
biloba, apice exsecta, inclusa. 

Nearly allied to, and in its foliage closely resembling the next species, but dis- 
tinguished by its more numerous flowers, shorter and less saccate lower sepal, and 
included petals. 


9. I. glandulifera, Arn. in Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. ii. 322.—Z. cor- ‘ 


nigera, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4623, non Arn.—c.p. 2427. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 
_ Cauilrs erectus, 4-6-pedalis. Folia majuscula, denticulata, longe petiolata. Pedi- 
cell fasciculati, petiolis glanduloso-setigeris breviores. Sepala dateralia minuta, 
viridia ; posterius cucullatum, viride, margine rufescente; anterius luteo-rufescens, 
profunde saccatum, in calcar breve incurvum apice incrassatum angustatum. Pe-— 
tala rosea, lobis subaequalibus, rotundatis; posteriore interne appendiculato; ante- 
riore porrecto, exserto, apice emarginato. 
10. I. repens, Moon’s Cat.; Wight, Illust. i. 160. t. 61; Walp. l.c. 
p- 469.—c.p. 2790. ; 


_ Has. Southern and central parts of the island, at no great elevation. © 


Sect. 3.—Foliis alternis ; pedunculis Jlores plures gerentibus. 
~~ Walkeri, Hook. (Arn. l.c. p. 324. t.18; Walp. lc. p.471.)— 
C.P. : 
_ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. : 
12. I. Hookeriana, Arn. |. c. p. 324; Walp. l.c. p. 471.—? L. grandis, 


ae: Roxb. Fl. Ind. (ed. Wallich) ii. 464.—c.P. 2425. 
. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


T strongly suspect that this beautiful species is identical with J. grandis, Heyne. 


It varies a good deal in the shape of the lateral sepals, and in the size and colour of 
the flowers, which latter are either quite white or more or less blotched with pale or 
deep blood-colour. : 


. 


. 


” 


Balsaminee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 67 


13. I. elongata, Arn. 1. c. p. 324; Walp. 1. c. p. 473.—c.P. 436 (453). 

Has. Near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

Flores rubri. Petalorum lobus posterior parvus, sepalis lateralibus sequilongus ; 
anterior multo major, oblique rotundatus, obtusns. 


14. I. subcordata, Arn. 1. c. p. 323; Walp. l. c. p. 471.—c.r. 1230 
and 2789. Gs 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

Herbacea, 1-2-pedalis, basi decumbens, radicans. Folia 13-23 poll. longa, 3-14 

* poll. lata, petiolo 3-2 poll. longo. ores albidi, sepalis lateralibus posterioreque — 
_rubescentibus, ; 

15. I. cornigera, Arn. |. c. p. 323; Walp. l.c. p. 473.—c.r. 332. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, at no great elevation, in damp, 
shady woods. 

Glaberrima. Caulis simplex, 4-2-pedalis. Folia pallide vel nigro-viridia, sepe 
ad costam albido-areolata, subtus pallida vel rafo-plumbea, petiolo mediocri. Flores 
citrini, plus minus viridi vel rubro tincti. Sepala lateralia parva, ovata, subcor- 
data, acuminata; -posterivs rotundatum, subcucullatum, apiculatum; anterius in 
calear longum subcylindricum apice attenuato sursum arcte uncinato productum. 
Petalorim lobus posterior minutus; anterior multo major, subquadratus, pedicello 
eequilongo suffultus. 

16. I. Arnottii, Thw.; /oliis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, crenatis, 
denticulatis, superne sparsissime pilosis, subtus glabris, basi angustatis, 
petiolo eglanduloso ; sepalis lateralibus parvis, cordatis, valde obliquis, 
obtuse apiculatis, anteriore in calcar gracile ineurvum sensim attenua~ 
tum flore duplo longius producto; petalorum lobo posteriore parvo, an- 
teriore multo majore, subaseicincndate: pedicellato, porrecto.—c.p. 725. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet; not 
common. = 

Preecedente valde affinis similisque, sed sepalorum lateralium, calcaris petalorum- 
que forma satis differt—Flores rubro-purpurei, medio luteo-tineti. Capsula@ 1-3- 
sperme. = 

17. I. linearis, Arn. 1. c. p. 323; Walp. l.c. p. 473.—c.P. 372. 

Has. Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

18. I. appendiculata, Arn. |. c. p. 323; Walp. l.c. p. 473. ; 

Var. a.—? I. candida, Lindl. Bot. Reg. new series, vol. xiii.; Misc. 
85. n. 204; Walp. 1. ¢. p. 475.—c.P. 1207. 

Var. 8.—c.p. 1208. ; 

Var. y; foliis majoribus, pilosioribus.—c.P. 1209. : 

Has. Southern and central parts of the island, at an elevation of 
2000 to 5000 feet. : gee 

Species valde variabilis, Folia ad caulis sxpissime simplicis apicem aggregata, vel 
sparsa, }—6 poll. longa, subglabra vel pilosa, Fores albidi vel pallide rosei, sepalo 


. @uteriore transverse rubro-striato. Petalorum lobus posterior parvus, lanceolatus, 


longe caudatus ; anterior major, semicordatus, acuminatus. 


19. I. leucantha, Thw.; herbacea, pusilla, simplex; folits ad caulis 
apicem approximatis, lanceolati$, acuminatis, denticulatis, parce pilosis, 
versus basin petioloque subalato glanduloso-setigeris ; sepalo anteriore 
in calear wquilongum rectum conicum apice (siccum) subabrupte at- 
tenuatum producto ; petalorum lobo posteriore parvo, lanceolato, ante- 
254 multo majore, inequaliter 3-partito, apicibus rotundatis.—c.r. 


Han, Hinidoon and Kittool Galle. 


68 ENUMERATION OF [Zygophyllee. 


* . 

A precedente, cui valde similis affinisque, calcaris petaloramque forma precipue 
differt. Flores albi, sepalo anteriore rufo-guttato. 

20. I. janthina, Thw.; herbacea, pusilla, simplex, glaberrima ; foliis 
1-4, sepissime caulem terminantibus, membranaceis, ovatis vel rotun- 
datis, acuminatis, denticulatis, petiolo eglanduloso; sepalis lateralibus 
minoribus, oblongis, subacutis, posteriore rotundato, cucullato, ante- 
riore infundibuliformi, in calear equilongum sensim attenuatum incur- 
vatum producto; petalorum lobis subequalibus, posteriore acuto, ante- 
riore subrotundato, obtuso.—c.p. 3003. 

Has. Hinidoon and Pasdoon Corles, at no great elevation; rare. 

Folia 1-4 poll. longa, 7-3 poll. lata, petiolo 3-2 poll. longo. Pedicellé pollicares, 
ad pedunculi elongati apicem in racemum brevem aggregati; Sracteis ovalibus, per- 
sistentibus. Flores violacei, 6-8 lin. in exp. - Capsule polyspermee. 


21. I. acaulis, Arn. 1. c. p. 325.—? TZ. rivalis, Wight, Icon. t. 751.—. 
c.P. 490 (2595). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet, on wet 
rocks ; abundant. eek 

Folia rotundata, ovata vel lanceolata, petiolo rufescente eequilonga vel multo bre- 
viora, parce pilosa vel subglabra. Scapi rufescentes. Flores rubri, 1-14 poll. in. 
exp., calcare equilongo vel parum longiore. Petalorum lobi equilongi ; anterior 
latior, oblique truncatus vel emarginatus. : 

Dr. Wight’s I. rivalis, figured with the anterior lobes of the petals bipartite, is 
probably only a form of the present species. J. scapiflora, Heyne, is described by 
Roxburgh as having a spur several inches in length, and therefore must certainly be 
different both from this and from the J. scapyflora of Wight’s ‘ Icones,’ t. 967. 


2. HYDROCERA, Blume. 


1. Hi. triflora, W. et A. Prod. i. 140, eum syn.—c.r. 1210. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island, in watery places; very abundant. 


XLVIII. PITTOSPOREZ. 
1. PITTOSPORUM, Sol. 


1. PB. Ceylanicum, Wight, lust. i. 173.—? P. floribundum, W. et A. 
Prod. i. 154. ? Celastrus verticillatus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 391. ? Senacia 
Napaulensis, DC. Prod. i. 347.—c.P. 476. 

- Oova District, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Katteya-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris, 15-20-pedalis. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, cuneata, apice sub- 
acuta vel rotundata, glabra, 3-4 poll. longa, 3-1 poll, lata, petiolo circiter } poll. 
Tongo. Flores albidi. Ovarinm pilosum. Sty/us cylindricus, glaber. Capsule uni- 
loculares, viridi-fuscescentes. ; ate 
-. 2, BP. tetraspermum, W. et A. Prod. i. 154; Wight, Icon. t. 971.— 

c.p. 572 (685). : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet, on the 
banks of streams. 


XLIX. ZYGOPHYLLEA. 
| _-1, PRIBULUS, Tourn. 
1. T. terrestris, Linn. (Walp. Rep. ii. 822, cum syn.)—T. lanuginosus, 


Xanthorylacea. | CEYLON PLANTs. 69 


_ Linn.; DC. Prod. i. 704, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 98; Dust. p. 164. 
—c.P. 1252. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


L. XANTHOXYLACEA. 


1. XANTHOXYLOW, Linn. 


i. %. Rhetsa, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 148, cum syn.)—c.P. 3490, 

Has. Central Province, W. H. Wright, Esq.; near Colombo, W. 
_ Ferguson, Esq. Nom. vulg. “ Kattoo-keena-gass.” 

This tree so precisely corresponds with Roxburgh’s description, that there can be 
no doubt of its being the Fagara Rhetsa of that author. 

2. %. triphyllum, Juss. (Wight, Illust. i. 169; Icon. t. 204.)—2X. 
Zeylanicum, DC. Prod. i. 728, cum syn. Evodia triphylla, DC. 1. e. 
p. 724, cum syn.—c.p. 538, 2501. 

Var. 8; foliis digitatis, 5-foliolatis. 

Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Var. 8. Near 
Ratnapoora. Nom. vulg. ** Loonoo-ankenda-gass.”” 

3. 3K. tetraspermum, W. et A. Prod. i. 148.—c.P. 386. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

_ Frutex scandens, aculeatus. Folia impari-pinuata, rachi acnleata. Foliola 2-3- 
juga, cum impari, subsessilia, costulis seepissime aculeatis. ores patvi, abortu 
dioici, tetrameri, albidi, roseo-tincti. Masc. Petala oblonga, acuta, ealycis segmentis 
multo longiora, Stamina in lobis disci ovarium abortivam cingentis inserta. Ovarii 
abort. loborum apices recurvato-uncinati. 


2. TODDALIA, Juss. 


1. T. aculeata, Pers. (W. et A. Prod. i. 149, cum syn.)—Z. floribunda, 
- Wall. Plant. As, Rar. ii. 17. t. 232; Wight, Ilust. i. 169. ¢. 66.—c.r. 

1250, 2413 (1251). | 

Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Koodoomirris-wel.” 

A most variable plant, as regards the shape and size of the leaflets, the extent of 
aculeation, and the amount of the red pubescence with which the younger parts are 
clothed. The large-based aculei are common to the stems of all the varieties, and 
therefore furnish no character for their separation. 


3. CYMINOSMA, Gertn. 


1. G. pedunculata, DO. (W. et A. Prod. i. 147, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tilust. i, 165. t. 65.)—c.p. 1249. a 
Has. Common, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ An- 


- Nuculania rotundata, 5-7 lin. in diam., albida. 2 : 


4. AILANTHUS, Desf. | 
1. A. Malabaricus, DC. Prod. ii. p. 89, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 


70 ENUMERATION OF { Ochnacee. 


LI. SIMARUBE. 


1. SAMADERA, Gertn. 


1. S. Indica, Gaertn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 151, cum syn.)—c.P. 2766. 
Has. South of the island; not uncommon, Nom. vulg. “ Samadara- 
gass.” 
- The root of this plant is used as a medicine by the Cinghalese, and so also is the 
fruit. 


LIT. OCHNACEA. 


1. OCHWA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘ Mal-kaara-gass.”’) 


1. O. squarrosa, Linn. (Wight, Ilust. i. 172. t. 69; Roxb. Cor. 1. 
t. 89.)—c.P. 1223. 4 

Has. Batticaloa and Jaffna, Gardner. 

2. O. cordata, Thw. ; foliis ellipticis vel obovatis, obtusis, dentatis, 
basi cordatis; racemis ramulos foliosos terminantibus, brevibus, 3-6- 
floris; sepalis 3-5; petalis carpellisque circiter 7.—c.P. 1222. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 

Folia 1-2 poll. longa, 3-13 lata, petiolo circiter 1 lin. longo. Pedicelli_ polli- 
cares, prope basin articulati. Peta/a rotundata, longe unguiculata, 2 poll. longa. © 
Anthere filamentis plus quam duplo longiores. Stigma capitatum. 

' But for the cordate base of the leaves I should have referred this, without much 
doubt, to the O. obtusata, DC., but that author would scarcely have passed over, un- 
noticed, so striking a characteristic of the present species. I have not sufficient ma- 
terials to give so detailed a description as would be desirable. S 


3. O. Moonii, Thw.—0O. squarrosa, Moon’s Cat.; foliis lanceolatis, 
utrinque angustatis, denticulatis, venis venulisque prominentibus; 
racemis 6-12-floris, ramulos inferiores breves denudatos terminantibus ; 
pedicellis floribus subduplo longioribus, ad partem inferiorem tertiam 
vel quartam articulatis.—c.p. 1224. 

ar. 8; foliis mimoribus, utrinque subobtusis.—c.P. 2554. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Var. B. Jaffna, Gardner. ¢ 

- Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 14-2 poll..lata, petiolg circiter 1 lin. longo. Flores 43-5 
lin. longi. Petala 5, oblonga, sepalis quilonga. Anthere filamentis subduplo 
longiores. Carpella 5-7. 


4. O. rufescens, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, argute denta- 
tis, nitidis, conspicue et minutissime venulosis, basi angustatis; racems 
6-12-floris, ramulos inferiores breves denudatos terminantibus; pedi- 
cellis floribus subtriplo longioribus, prope basin articulatis.—c.P. 3455. 
~ Has. Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of about 1000 feet. 

Folia 4-6 poll. longa, circiter 14 poll. lata, petiolo 2 lin. longo, juniora rufescentia. 
Flores 3-33 lin. longi. Carpella 7-8. e 

Closely allied to the preceding, but distinguished by its much smaller flowers, and 
the relatively much shorter inferior articulation of the pedicel. In many res “ag 
it would seem to resemble the O. nitida, Thunb., also said to occur in Ceylon, bub 
the character of the inflorescence is different. 


5. ©. Wightiana, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 152: ? Wight, Icom 


Celastracea. |  ORYLON PLANTS. es ae 


t. 223.) —O. Heyneana, W. et A.,l.c. O. Walkerii, Planchon, Hook. 
Lond. Journ. v. 653; Walp. Ann. i. 180.—c.p. 1221. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

Folia 1-2 poll. longa, 3-8 lata, petiolo 1 lin. longo. Pedicelli 4-7 lin. longi, 
prope medium articulati. Flores 34-4 lin. longi. 


2. GOMPHIA, Schreb. 


1. G. angustifolia, Vahl, (W. et A. Prod. i. 153, cum syn. ; et, fere 
sine One Walkera serrata, Willd. DC. Prod. i. 737, cum syn.)— 
c.P, 2412. 

Has. Common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Bo- 
kaara-gass.”’ 

_ The wood of this tree, which grows to the height of thirty feet, is useful for build- 
ing purposes. i 


LIII. STAPH YLEACES. 


1. TOURPINIA, Venin. 


1, T. Nepalensis, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 156; Wight, Icon. t. 972.) 

—c.P. 218 (563, 569). : 7 

Var. 8. montana; floribus majoribus, paucioribus.—? 7. pomifera, 
DC. Prod. ii. p- 3, cum syn. : 

__ Has. Var. a. Common in the warm, moister parts of the island. 
Var. 8 occurs abundantly in more elevated situations, up to 6000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Kankoombala-gass,” “ Attakirilla-gass.” 

: Stipula interpetiolares triangulares, cito decidue. Nuculania firma, subglobosa, 
viridia, nigro-purpurascentia, deinde cinerascentia, }—1 poll. in diam. : 

The extreme forms of this plant might easily be taken for two distinct species ; 

but this is another instance of an elevated humid locality producing a form with fewer 


and larger flowers tlian are exhibited in the same species when growing nearer the 
level of the sea, 


LIV. CELASTRACEZ. 


Sect. 1. Ovarium liberum vel subliberwm. 


1. PLEUROSTYLIA, W. ct A. 


1, P. Wightii, W. et A. Prod. i. 157, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 155.—oc.p. 329. ; 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to no great elevation. 


2. MICROTROPIS, Wall. 


_ Semina exarillata; testa colorata. — ae 
1. M. Wallichi Wight, MSS. ; foliis obovato- vel oblongo-lan- 
ceolatis, Reterrmpremer Bs ; floribus axillaribus ramulinisque, sub- 
sessilibus, confertis.—c.p. 43 (202, 374, 402). 
_ Has. Forests of the Central Province and Saffragam, at an eleva- 
tion of 2000 to 5000 feet ; abundant. 


72 ENUMERATION OF [ Celastracee. 


Arbor mediocris. Folia glabra, 23-6 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. 
longo. am 

This would appear to differ from J. gareiniefolia, Wall. (Wight, Icon. t. 761), 
principally in its subsessile, more numerous flowers, and it will probably prove to 
be merely a variety of that species. : 

2. Mi. ramiflora, Wight, Icones, t. 977.—c.r. 148, 1228. : 

Var. 8; foliis minoribus, oblongo-lanceolatis, basi angustatis. 

Has. Abundant at Newera Ellia and other of the more elevated 
parts of the Central Province. Var. 8 occurs in rather dry situations. 

Folia 1-3 poll. longa, 4-2 poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo, Pedunculi 3-2 
lin. longi. : 

This, lke the preceding, is a very variable species, the size, form, and texture of 
the Icaves being modified according to the kind of situation in which it occurs, 
Var. B bears a considerable general resemblance to M. microcarpa, Wight, Ieones, 
t. 975, but TI have never. seen the Ceylon plant with the peduncles and pedicels so 
elongated as represented in that figure. 


3. KURRIMIA, Wall., Arnott. 
Bhesa, Ham., Arn., Endlich. Rhesa, Walpers. 


Ovarium liberum, 2-loculare ; loculis 2-ovulatis. Ovula basi affixa, 
erecta, collateralia. Capsula 1-locularis, bivalvis, 1-2-sperma. Semina 
erecta, arillo carnoso. - 


1. K. Ceylanica, Arn. Pug. x. 328.—c.p. 1225. 

Var. 8. montana; paniculis minus elongatis ; floribus majoribus.— 
c.P. 409, 

Has. Var. a. In warm, moister parts of the island. Var. B. Central 
Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Palang,” 
* Hoorakandoo,” and “ Alareya-gass.” 

Arbor magna. Ramuli teretes, glabri; yuntorum apices acuti, stipulis magnis 
circumvolutis cito deciduis tecti. Folia glabra, 3-6 poll. longa, 3-3 poll. Jata, 
petiolo 4-1¥ poll. longo. Fores parvi, pallide virides. Capsule oblongee, carnoso- 
coriaceze, $ poll. long, rufescentes. Semina oblonga, fere ad apicem ardl/o carnoso 
albido inclusa ; ¢es¢ta membranacea, brunnea. ; 


4, CELASTRUS, Linn. 
1. CG. paniculata, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 158, cum syn. ; Wight, 


Illust. i. 172. t. 72; Icones, t. 158.)—c.P. 1232. 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


Sect. 2.—Ovarium disco immersum et cum eo consolidatum. 


5. CATHA, Forsk. 


1. ©. emarginata, G. Don.— Célastrus emarginatus, Willd.; W.et 
A. Prod. i. p. 160, cum syn.—c.p. 1235, 


Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg, “ Deya-eringoo.” 


2. ©. fruticosa, Thw.; foliis parvis, oblongo-spathulatis vel sub- . 


_ trapezoideis, crenato-serratis, glabris, petiolatis, subtus prominenti- : 
reticulatis ; corymbis axillaribus, multifloris, folio brevioribus—c.P. 


. 


Rhamnacee. | . CEYLON PLANTS. 73 


Has. Banks of the Mahawelliganga, near N awalapittya, in the 
Central Province. 

Frutex inermis, 8-10-pedalis. Ramuli angulosi. Folia 4-13 poll. longa, 4-7 
lin. lata, petiolo circiter 1 lin. longo, Fores parvi, 1 lin. in exp. Petala 5, albida. 
Stylus brevis. Stigmata 8, brevia, recurvata. Capsule 3-loculares, pisi magnitu- 
dine, rubiginose, transverse striate. Semina coccinea, nitida; arillo parvo, albido. 


6. EVONY MOUS, Linn. 


1. E. revolutus, Wight, Illust. i. 178; Walp. Rep. i. 581.—c.P. 679. 

Has. Newera and sta very elévated parts of the island. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia opposita vel terna, seepe rotundata. lores virides, pur- 
purascentes, 

2, BE. dichotomus, Heyne, (W. et A. Prod. i. 160, cum syn.)—c.P. 171. 

Has. Galagama, on the banks of streams. 

3. B. Walkerii, Wight, l.c.; Walpers, l.c.—E. Zeylanicus, Moon, 
Cat. p. 17.—0.P. 478. é 

Has. Very abundant in the southern and central parts of the island, 
up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Closely allied to the preceding, from which it differs principally in its shorter 
petioles and flower-stalks. 


7. GLYPTOPETALUM, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. viii. (1856) p. 267. t. 7 B. 
Flores tetrameri. Petala superne bifoveolata. Antherarum loculi 
apicem connectivi maximi innati siti, basi divergentes. — Ovariwm 
pyramidato-tetragonum, 4-loculare. Ovula in loculis singula, ab apice 
pendula. Capsule rotundate, 1-4-sperme. Semina arillata. : 

1. G. Zeylanicum, Thw. |. c.—c.p. 589. 

‘Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Folia opposita, lanceolata, serrata, glabra, 44-6 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata ; 
petiolo & poll. longo. Cymarum supra-axillarium pedunculi ‘1-14 poll. longi ; 
pedicelli divaricati, 4 poll. longi. JV/ores albido-virescentes, 4 lin. lati. Semina 4 
Poll. longa, ovoidea ; ari/lo rubro ultra medium attingente ; testa flavo-rufescente. 


8. ELAODENDRON, Jacq. 


1. EB. glancum, Pers. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. (Wallich) ii. 432, cum syn.)— 
C.P. 1227, ‘ : 

Var. 8. montanum ; floribus nuculaniisque majoribus.—c.P. 2520. 

Has. Var. a. Hot, esas parts of the island. Var. 8. Central Pro- 

vince, at an elevation of 3000 to 4500 feet. 

Tcan find nothing to distinguish the two varieties of this species except the larger 
flowers and fruit of var. 8, and the petioles of this form are usually somewhat shorter 

hinvar.a,  . 


LV. RHAMNACEZ. 


1. ZIZYPHUS, Tourn. 


l. Z. rugosa, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. 162, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. 


t. 339.)\—c.p, 2719. 
rh 


= 
74 ENUMERATION OF | Rhamnacea. 


Haz. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 


“‘ Maha-erraminya.” 


2, Z. xylopyra, Willd. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—o.P. 1243. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

3. Z. Jujuba, Lam. (W. et A., l.c.; Wight, Icon. t. 99.)—c.r. 1242. 

Has. Anooradhapoora, Gardner. 

4, Z. GGnoplia, Mill. (W. et A., l.c. p- 163.)—o.P. 1240. 

Has. Common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Erra- 
minya-wel.” 

5. Z. lucida, Moon, Cat. p. 17 ;* foliis ovato-lanceolatis, crenato- 
serrulatis, obtuse acuminatis, minute a iculatis, basi obliquis, 3-5- 
nerviis, transverse parallelo-venulosis, glabris, petiolo nervisque pu- 
bescentibus ; eymis folio multo brevioribus, tomentosis ; stylis 3-4, ad 
medium coalitis.—? Z. horrida, Roth, nov. sp. p. 159.—o.p. 1241. 

Has. Matele, Moon ; Kornegalle District, abundant. 
| Fruticosa. Ramuli teretes, nigrescentes, juniores tomentosi; acu/eis solitariis 
vel binis. Folia 2-3 poll. louga, 3-14 poll. lata, petiolo 8 lin. longo. Ovarium 
3-4-loculare, Nuculania globosa, circiter 8 lin. in diam., carnosa, viridi-purpura- 
Scentia, 2—4-sperma ; putamine osseo, ruguloso. 

It is difficult to surmise what can be the Rhamnus Napeca, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. 87, 
the description of which agrees tolerably well with the characters of the present 


plant, except as regards the number of Styles, which seems decisive against their 
being identical, 


2, BERCHEMIA, Neck. | a 


1, B. parviflora, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 163, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones (19), t. 513.)—c.P. 2477. 

Has. Maturate District, in the Central Province, up to an elevation 
of 3000 feet ; not common. : 

In my specimens the leaves are oblong-lanceolate, and not cordate at the base as 
in Dr. Wight’s figure, but in other respects the characters correspond, 


3. VENTILAGO, Gaertn. 


1. V. Maderaspatana, Gerin. (W. et A. Prod. i. 164, cum syn.; 

Wight, Icones, t. 163.)—c.p. 1236. 

4B. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island, up to an eleva- 
tion of 1500 feet. 


4. RHAMNUS, Linn. 


1, R. Wightii, W. et A. Prod. i. 164, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 159.—c.p. 2525. 

Has. Newera Ellia and other of the most elevated parts of the — 
Central Province. ‘ee 

2. R. Arnottianus, Gardn. MSS. ; foliis glabris, ovato-lanceolatis, 
crenatis, glandulose serrulatis, obtuse acuminatis, superne depresso- __ 
reticulatis; pedwneulis unifloris, axillaribus, ternis, puberulis, petiolo 
= — longioribus ; petalis nullis.—c.p. 201. 

4B. Most elevated parts of the Central Province. 
Arbor parva. Ramuli juniores puberuli. Folia 13-2% poll. longa, $-14 poll. 


Terebinthacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. : 75 


lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Stipule lineari-lanceolate, 24 lin. longee, basi interne 
glandulose, cito decidue ; glandulis minutis, erectis, clavatis, rubris, persistentibus. 
Calycis lacinie 4, acute, externe pilose. Stamina 4, filamentis brevibus. Sty/i 2-8, 
basi coaliti. Nucu/ania pisi parvi magnitudine, nigro-purpurea, 


5. SCUTIA, Comm. 


1, S. Indica, Brongn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 165, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. 180. t. 73.)\—c.p. 1233. 
Has. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


6. COLUBRINA, Rich. 


1. ¢: Asiatica, Brongn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 166, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tllust.. 180. t. 74.)—o.p. 1239; 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


7. GOUANTA, Jacq. 


1. G. microcarpa, DC. (W. et A. Prod.i. 167, cum syn.)—c.P. 1238. 
Has. Common, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


LVI. TEREBINTHACER. 


1. MANGIFERA, Linn. 


1. M. Indica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 170, cum syn.)—c.P. 1256, 
2614, : 

Has. Abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘* Amba.’ 
and * Attamba-gass.” : 


4 


2. ANACARDIUM, Rottb. 


l. A. occidentale, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 168, cum syn.) 
Has. Naturalized in some of the warmer parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. ‘“e Cadjoo-gass.” 


3. SEMECARPUS, Linn. 
~Sect. 1. Panicule ramulos terminantes: 


tard pgs 
1. S. subpeltata, Thw.; foliis magnis, ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
glabris, coriaceis, ritidis, Ee Mardis ; drupis transverse oblongis, parce 
compressis, dimidio inferiore Aypocarpio* magno carnoso subreni- 
formi tectis.—c.p. 3004, 
Has. Singhe-rajah and other forests between Ratnapoora and Galle. 
Nom. vulg. “ Maha-badoolla-gass.” 
_ Arbor magna, 30-40-pedalis, Wola 10-15 poll. longa, 4-6} poll. lata; petiolo 


* The fleshy structure on which the drupe in this genus rests, and for which I 
Propose the name of hypocarpium, can hardly be called a “ torus izcrassatus,” as it 


‘Ss rather an enlargement of the base of the calyx. 


76 ENUMERATION OF [ Terebinthacee. 


crasso, 14-2 poll. longo, Panicule magne, ramis pateutibus. Drupe circiter § poll. 
in alt., 1} poll. in max. lat. 


2. S. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acu- 
minatis, glabris ; petiolo longiuseulo ; drupis oblique oblongis, parce 
compressis, dimidio inferiore Aypocarpio magno carnoso cupuliformi 
tectis.—c.p. 1257, 2940. 

Has. Very common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Badoolla-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 44-13 poll. longa, 14-4 poll. lata ; petiolo crassiusculo, 
3-2 poll. longo. Panicule folio subequilonge. Drupe circiter 9 lin. longe, 
hypocarpio circiter 7 lin. lato. . 


3. S. obscura, Thw.; foliis glabris, ovato-oblongis, obtusis, basi 
_cuneatis, superne nitidis ; petiolo brevi, vix incrassato ; drwpis (imma- 
turis) oblongis, dimidio inferiore hypocarpio cupuliformi carnoso tectis, 
—c.P, 2556. : 
Has. Deltotte, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Arbor mediocris. Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 13-13 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 8 lin. 
longo. Panicule folio subxquilonge. : 


4. S. oblongifolia, Thw.; foliis glabris, oblongis, apice rotundatis 
vel obscure obtuse acuminatis, basi cuneatis, petiolo basi incrassato ; 
drupis oblongis, parce obliquis compressisque, apiculatis, hypocarpio 
(sicco) angustiore poculiformi suffultis——? 8. ?Zeylanica, Blume, Mus. 
Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 189.—c.p. 1258. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 3000 feet; 
common. Nom. vulg. “ Badoolla-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 34-9 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 4-6 lin, longo. 
Drupe wuce avellana parum majores. 

This species a good deal resembles S. obscura, but differs in its less coriaceous and 
paler leaves, and much smaller hypocarp. 


5. 8. nigroviridis, Thw. ; foliis glabris, obovatis vel oblongis, obtuse 
brevi-acuminatis, basi angustatis, petiolo basi incrassato ; drupis rotun- 
datis vel obcordatis, obliquis, compressis, uncinato-apiculatis, Aypo- 
carpio (sicco) angustiore poculiformi compresso suffultis.—c.r. 631, 
2444 (641, 2586). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia intense viridia, 24-6 poll. longa, 1}-2} poll. lata, 
petiolo 3-8 lin. longo. Drupe 8-10 lin. in max. diam. 

Distinguished from the preceding species by its differently-shaped and darker- 
coloured leaves and larger, more compressed drupes. From’ §. obscura it differs 
principally in the shape of the fruit aud the smaller hypocarp. 


6. S. acuminata, Thw. ; foliis glabris, ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolatis, 
ri acuminatis, basi angustatis, petiolo parum incrassato ; drupis ob- 
cordatis, compressis, valde obliquis, uncinato-acuminatis, hypocarpvo 
(sicco) multum angustiore poculiformi elongatulo suffultis.—c.P. 2676. 

' Has. Forests in the Ratnapoora, Galle, and Ambagamowa Districts, 
at no great elevation. a Be 

Arbor mediocris, Folia 4-12 poll. longa, 13-2} lata, petiolo 4-10 lin. longo. 
Drupa \ poll, longe, % poll. in max. diam., hypocarpio ¥ poll. longo. — 

_ _ Resembling S. Gardneri in many respects, but distinguished from it by its less 
coriaceous leaves, smaller panicles, and very differently-shaped fruit. 


7. S. coriacea, Thw.; foliis glabris, obovatis vel obovato-oblongis, 


Terebinthacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 77 


valde coriaceis, apice rotundatis vel obscure obtuse acuminatis, basi 
plus minus angustatis, petiolo costaque robustis; paniculis folio bre- 
vioribus, rache brevi, ramis interrupte spiceformibus ; drupis obcor- 
datis, obliquis, compressis, mucronulatis ; hypocarpio (sicco) mediocri, 
poculiformi.—o.P. 313, 635. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 10 7000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 84-7 poll. longa, 14-34 poll. lata, petiole 2-5 lin. longo. 
Drupe 8 lin. in alt., 11 lin. in imax. lat., Aypocarpio 4} lin. longo. 

8. S. parvifolia, Thw. ; foliis glabris, ovato-oblongis, abrupte obtuse 
acuminatis vel apice rotundatis, basi angustatis, coriaceis ; petiolo su- 

rne sulcato, non incrassato ; panicule ramis racemiformibus, pauci- 

oris ; drupis (immaturis) elongato-conicis, uncinato-acuminatis, parce 
obliquis, Aypocarpio subequilato poculiformi suffultis.—c.r. 3444. 

Has. Hinidoon Corle, in the Galle District. Nom. vulg. “ Heen- 
badoolla-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris, Folia 14-3} poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata, petiolo 3-6 lin. longo. 


9, S. Moonii, Thw.; foliis magnis, glabris, coriaceis, lanceolatis, 
brevi-acuminatis, basi angustatis, brevi-petiolatis ; druwpis (immaturis) 
a oblongis, compressis, apiculatis, Aypocarpio mediocri.—c.P. 

Has. South of the island, at no great elevation. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 6-12 poll. longa, 2-5 poll. lata, petiolo 1-8 lin. longo. 
Punicule elongate, multifiors. ; 

10. S. obovata, Moon, Cat. p. 22; foliis glabris, superne nitidis, 
obovatis, apice rotundatis vel abrupte obtuse acuminatis, ad basin an- 
gustatam rotundatis vel subcordatis, brevi-petiolatis ; drupis (immaturis) 
oblongis, parce obliquis, apiculatis ; hypoearpto (siceo) angustiore, elon- 
gatulo.—o.P. 3339. 

Has. Caltura, Moon ; near Ratnapoora. , : 

_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 1{-5 poll. lata ; petiolo j-2 lin. longo, 
Incrassato. 

11. S. pubescens, Thw.; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi subro- 
tundatis, superne (costa excepta) glabris, subtus cum costa petioloque 
incrassato pubescentibus ; paniculis elongatis ; drupis parvis.—C.P. 163. 

Has. Ratnapoora District, at no great elevation. 

Arbor parva. Ramuli elongati, teretes, pubescentes. Folia 5-18 poll. longa, 
14-3 poll. lata, petiofo 4-1 poll. longo. Drupe oblongee, parce obliquie, circiter 
abe. longe, 3 lin. late, Aypocarpio brevi carnoso cupuliformi subsequilato 
5 tee. 


Sect. 2. Panicule cauline. 


12. S. marginata, Thw. ; foliis magnis, lanceolatis, conspicue mem- 
branaceo-marginatis, acuminatis, ad basin angustatis | cordatisque, 
petiolo valde incrassato ; paniculis caulinis, ramosis, delicatulis, pilo- 
oe 2677. stints : 

ar. a. glabra; folits g — : Ghee cos 
Var. B. anh d rotate subtus fed patentibus, rigidis hirsutis.* 
as. Damp forests in the Galle, Ratnapoora, and Ambagamowa 
icts. pt 

Frutez ius, 6-8-pedalis, parce ramosus. olia 6-14 poll. longa, 24-5 poll. 

lata, netiolo 4-14 poll. sy feat ovoidese, oblique, parce compresse, circiter 


. 


78 ENUMERATION OF [ Terebinthacea. 


4, lin. longe, rufescentes, Aypocarpio wqnilato dimidio breviore poculiformi coc- 
cineo suffulte. 


4. GLYCYCARPUS, Dalzell. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. ii, (1850) p. 38. 


1. G. racemosa, Dalz. l.c.; Hook. Icon. Pl. ix. t. 842.—c.p. 1260. 

Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“‘ Bala-gass.’ 

Drup@ mature nigro-purpurere. Cotyledones seepissime purpureo-tincte. 


5. BUCHANANTA, Roxb. 


1. B. angustifolia, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 169, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 101.)—c.p. 471, 1255. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner; Galagama. 

Buchanania ? Zeylanica, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 185, is probably a state of 
Mangifera Indica, Linn., judging from the native name he has given of the plant. 


6. CAMPNOSPERMA, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. p. 65. t. 14. Walpers, Ann, vol. iv. p. 444. 


1. C. Seylanicum, Thw., |. c.—c.p. 246. 
Has. Saffragam and Ambagamowa Districts, generally on the banks 
of streams, up to an elevation of 1000 feet. ; 


7. ODINA, Roxb. 


1.. 0. Wodier, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 171, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tecones, t. 60.)—c.P. 1161. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Hig- or Hik-gass.” 

A considerable quantity of gum exudes from the trunk of this tree, which the na- 
~ tives use as a medicinal plaster. 


8. EVIA, Comm. 


Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 234. Spondias, Auct. (partim). 


1. EB. amara, Comm. (Blume, |. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1263. 
Has. Common, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “Am- 
baralla-gass.” 
: 9. PROTIUM, Burm. 


1, P. caudatum, W. et A. Prod. i. 176.—c.P. 1261. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 


- 
10. SCUTINANTHE, Thw. 
Hook, Journ, of Bot. vol. viii. (1856) p. 266, t. 8 B. 
Flores abortu dioici. Calyx cupuliformis, carnoso-coriaceus, in seg- 


Homalinee.)} CEYLON PLANTS. 79 


mentis 5 erectis valvatis ad medium divisus, persistens. Corolla cum 
calyce xquilonga; petalis 5, erectis, valvatis, carnoso-coriaceis, persis- 
tentibus. Stamina 10; filamentis in annulum parte inferiore cum disco 
glanduloso interno et basi calycis corolleque consolidata coherentibus, 
apice liberis ; antheris oblongis, introrsis, Bore affixis. Ovarium bilo- 
culare, loculis biovulatis; ovwlis collateralibus, axi affixis, amphitropis. 
Stylus brevissimus. Stigma disciforme. Nuculania carnosa; putamine 
mediocri, osseo, abortu monospermo. Semen pendulum; festa mem- 
branacea ; cotyledonibus magnis, foliaceis, integris, plicato-rugosis; ra- 
dicula parva. 
_ 1. S. brunnea, Thw., l. c.—c.p. 1149. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Maha-booloomora-gass.”” 

Arbor 50-60-pedalis. Ramu/i, cum foliis junioribus, rufo-tomentosi. Folia im- 
_pari-pinnata, 10-20 poll. longa, exstipulata; pedio/o superne sulcato, basi tumido, 
striato ; foliolis 5-11, oblongis, parce obliquis, acuminatis, integris, 4-8 poll. longis, 
2-3 poll. latis, rufescentibus, petiolulo 4 lin. longo. Panicule axillares, multiflore, 
tomentose. ores 8 lin. lati. Nuculania oblonga, rufo-tomentosa, utrinque at-- 
tenuata, pollicaria, 


11. CANARIUM, Linn. 


1, GC. Zeylanicum, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 218, cum syn.— 
C. balsamiferwm, Moon, Cat. p. 68.—c.P. 2649. 
Has. Warm, moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kaakoona-gass.” 
Stipule majuscule, petiolares, a ramulo parum distantes, brevi-stipitats, oblique, 
rotundato-sagittate, cito decidue. : 
The resinous balsam, which exudes copiously from the trunk of this tree, is used 
by the natives for burning, after being mixed with paddy-chaff; and the smoke given 
off is reputed to drive away snakes from the domicile. : 


LVII. CHAILLETIACE. 


1. MOACURRA, Roxb. 


1. M. gelonioides, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 69.—c.P. 1245. 
Var. 8; foliis subtus plus minus tomentosis.—c.P. 1231, 
_ Haz. Common in the moister parts of the island, and up to an eleva- 
tion of 3000 feet. wad = 
Ican find nothing to distinguish var. 8 from the other form o tl is species nt 
its usually greater secassennds pr ent and the tomentum, which varies exceedingly 
Mm amount, upon the ramuli and the under surface of its leaves. 


LVIII. HOMALINEZ. ~ 


1. BLACKWELLIA, Comm. 


* 
1. B. Ceylanica, Gardner, Calcutta Journ: of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 
452.— B. tetrandra, Wight, Icones, t. 1851.—c.P. 388. 
_ Has. Moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Nom. vulg. “ Leeyang-gass. 


80: ENUMERATION OF [ Connaracee. 


Arbor 30-40-pedalis; ramulis foltisque junioribus rubris. Florum spice sepis- 
sime valde elongatee, pendule. ge 
The wood of this tree is strong, and useful for building purposes. 


LIX. CONNARACE. 


1. ROUREA, Aub. 


1. R. santaloides, W. et A. (Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 262, 
cum syn.)—c.P. 749. 

Haz. Common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ke- 
rindi-wel.” 


2. CONNARUS, Linn. 


1. CG. monocarpus, Linn. (Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. p. 265, cum 
syn.)—c.P. 323. 
~ Han. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Radaleya-gass.” 

2. CG. Championii, Thw.;. ramulis foliisque novellis. cam paniculis 
rufo-nigro-furfuraceis ; foliis 5-7-foliolatis ; foliolis ellipticis, acumina- 
tis ; folliculis transverse rugulosis, glabris, subtruncato-obovatis, versus 
basin angustatis.—c.P. 2399. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Frutex scandens. Foliola 24-4 poll. longa, 14-22 poll. lata; petiolu/o incrassato, 
23 lin. longo. Panicularum rami ultimi racemiformes. Pedice/li breves. Calycis 
lacinie oblongze, externe furfuraceee. Petala longiora, albida, rufo-punctata, parce 
pilosa. Stamina 10, basi coalita; 5 antherifera, cum totidem plus quam dimidio 
brevioribus, antheris effetis alternantia. Ovarzwm rufo-pilosum. 


3. C. unifoliolatus, Thw.; foliis glabris, petiolatis, 1-foliolatis ; fo- a 


liolo elliptico vel ovato, abrupte acuminato, reticulato ; petiolulo brevi, 
tumido, rugulosulo; paniculis parvis, axillaribus, 1-, 2-, vel 3-nis, ra- 
ee 2443. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet; rather 
rare. 

Arbor mediocris, 20-80-pedalis ; ramulis petiolisque nigricantibus ; novellis fuseo- 
pilosis. oliola 13-83} poll. longa, 1-12 poll. lata; petio/u/o 1 lin. longo, cum pe- 
tiolo 8 lin. longo basi tumidulo articulato. Panicule 4—7-floree, pallide fusco-hir- 
sutee; bracteolis linearibus, deciduis. Flores abortu dioici, pallide virides, circiter 
3 lin. in exp., brevi-pedicellati, cam panicule ramorum apicibus articulati. Calycis 
lacinie acute, petalis externe pilosis plus quam dimidio breviores, Stamina bast 
coalita; 5 antherifera, cum totidem brevibus anautheris dentiformibus alternantia. 
Ovarium ap in stylum brevem ‘attenuatum ; stigmate dilatato. Follicult 
(immaturi) fulvo-tomentosi, arcuato-faleati, acuti, basi in stipitem longum attenuati. 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS: 81 


LX. LEGUMINOSA. 
Susorp. 1. PAPILIONACEZ. 


1. HEYLANDIA, DC. ~ 


1. H. latebrosa, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 180, cum syn.)—o.P, 1275. 
Has. Abundant in the Badulla District. 


2. CROTALARTA, Linn. 
(Nom. vernac. “ Andanahiriya.”) 


1. GC. biflora, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 190, cum syn.)—o.v. 3325. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, Gardner. 

2. ©. prostrata, Roxb. (W. et A., l. c. p. 189, cum syn.)—c.P. 1266 
(partim). 

Has. Batticaloa District. 

3. C. ferruginea, Grah. (Benth. Lond. Journ. of Bot. ii. 476, cum 
syn.)—c.P. 1265. ; 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

4. CG. evolvuloides, W. et A. Prod. i. 188.—c.p. 1266 (partim). 

Has. Ceylon. 

5. ©. bifaria, Linn. (W. et A., lc. p- 188, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 30.)—c.p. 3593. 

Has. Central Province. 

6. C. multiflora, Benth. 1. c. p. 478; Walp. Rep. v. 437.—c.P. 1268. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. - 

7. C. Wightiana, Grah. (W. et A., l.c. p. 181.—? C. scabrella, W. 
et A., 1. c.)—o.P. 2772. z 

Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 

a very variable species, and I suspect that C. scabrel/a, W. et A., is only a form 
0) * : 
8. C. retusa, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 187, eum syn.)—c.P. 1274. 
Has. Very dies up to an debates of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kaha-andanahirya-gass.” 

9. C. verrucosa, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 200.)\—o.P. 1273. : 

Haz. Abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet, Nom. vulg. “ Nil- 
andanahirya,” “ Yak-bairiye.” . 
— C. semperflorens, Ventn. (Walp. Rep. v. 439; cum syn.)—c.P. 12 


. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 
- 11. ©. juncea, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 185, cum syn.)—c.P. 1264, 

. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
cc Hanna.” 
The Cinghalese make cord of the strong fibre of this plant. 


12. C. lunulata, Heyne, (W. et A., l.c. p. 183, cum syn.; Wight, 
Toones, t. 480.)—c.p. 1270 (1271). 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


M 


82 ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminosae. 


13. C. calycina, Schr. (Benth. 1. c. p. 564, cum syn.; Walp. Rep. 
le. 441.)—c.p. 526. Z 

Has. Common on open, grassy places in the Central Province, at an 
elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

‘14, C. Mysorensis, Roth, (Benth. 1. c. p. 566, cum syn.; Walp. 1. c.) 
—o.P. 3594. 

Has. Batticaloa District. 

15, GC. albida, Heyne, (Benth. 1. c. p. 567, cum syn.; Walp. 1. c. 442.) 
—c.P. 269 (2482). se a 

Has. Central Province, in the Badulla and Maturatte Districts, at 
an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

16. C. linifolia, Linn. (Walp. 1. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1277. 

Has. Near Galle, Gardner. 

17. C. nana, Burm. (W. et A., Lc. p- 191, cum syn.)—c.P. 3301, 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

18. ©. umbellata, Wight, (W. et A., 1. c.)—c.p. 1276. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

If my specimens are correctly named, they approach almost too near to C. nana 
to be considered other than a variety of that species; and C. umbellata is perhaps 
only the mountain form of C. nana. I find the seeds of the former fewer in num- 
ber, as well as rather larger and more shining, than those of C. nana. 

19. ©. medicaginea, Lam. (W. et A., 1. c. p- 192, cum syn.)—c.p. 1278. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 

This species varies extremely, sometimes occurring quite erect, and sparingly 
branched, with more numerous flowers, dnd with leaves a good deal larger than are 
seen on the procumbent seaside form. Can C. hernarioides, W. et A., and C. neg- 
fecta, W. et A., be forms of it? : 

20. C. laburnifolia, Linn. (W. et A.,1.c. p. 193, cum syn.)—c.P. 367. 

Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
*Yak-baireya.” . 

21. ©. quinquefolia, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p- 194, cum syn. ; var. tri- 

Solia.)—c.P. 1272. 
Has. Bintenne, Gardner. 


22. ©. striata, DC. (Walp. 1.c. p. 449, cum s n.)—c.P. 3608. 
Has, Common on roadsides, in the Nandian District. 


CroraLaria IncaNA, Linn. (c.P. 1269), is a common weed in the Botanie 
Garden, but, no doubt, introduced. 


3, PAROCHATUS, Ham. 


1. P. communis, Ham. (Walp. Ann. iy. 478, nis .)—c.P. 2409. 
. Foes “aygesanan in the Central Province, at an sora of 4000 to 
eet. 


TRIFOLIUM REPENS, Linn., is becoming naturalized in the neighbourhood of Ne- 
wera Ellia. 


4, ROTHIA, Pers. 


1. R. trifoliata, Pers. (W. et A. Prod. i. 195, cum syn.)—o.P. 1452. 
Has. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the ale. 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS. — 83 


5. INDIGOFERA, Linn. 
(Nom, vernac. ‘ Awaree.”’) 


1. I. linifolia, Retz, (W. et A. Prod. i. 198, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 313.) —c.p. 3514, 

Has. Banks of the Mahawelliganga, on the Lower Badulla Road 
from Kandy. 

2. I. cuneaphylla, Linn. (W. et A., lic. p-. 199, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 403.)—c.p. 2775. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island; not very common. 

3. I. aspalathoides, Vahl, (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 332.)—c.p. 1455. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

4. I. viscosa, Lam. (W. et A., l. c. p. 200, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, 
t. 404.)—c.p, 1459. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; very common. 

5. I, tenuifolia, Rottb. (W. et A., 1. c.)—c.r. 1462. 

Has. Bintenne and Trincomalee, Gardner. 

6. I. trita, Linn. f. (W. et A., l.c. p. 203, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 315, 386.)—o.P. 1463. 

Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

7. I. trifoliata, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p- 201, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 314.)—c.P. 3592, 

Has. Near Minnery, on the borders of the tank. 

8. I. paucifolia, Delile, (W. et A., l. c. p. 201, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 331.)—c.P. 1454, 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

9. I. flaccida, Konig, (W. et A., le. p- 204, cum syn.)—c.P. 1460. 
Paes Haragam and other places on the Lower Badulla Road from 

ry. 

10. I. hirsuta, Linn. (W. et A., l. c.)—o.P. 1456 (1457, 1458). 

Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

ll. I. galegoides, DC. Prod. ii. 225.—c.p. 1461. 

Has. Matele, Gardner. : 

12. I.inameena, Thw.; caule erecto, suffruticoso, incano-strigoso, 
anguloso ; foliis petiolatis, impari-pinnatis ; foliolis 6-9-jugis, oblongis, 
recurvato-mucronulatis, basi angustatis, brevi-petiolulatis ; racemis folio 
dimidio brevioribus, multifloris ; leguminibus erectis, rostrato-apiculatis, 
teretibus, subcarinatis.—c.p. 3513. 

Has. Caloopahane, between Hapootelle and Balangodde, at an ele- 
vation of about 2000 feet. Se a initia Wi 

Folia 14-24 poll. lon ‘oliolis 3-5 lin. longis, circiter in. latis, stipulis i- 
pellisque sabenie pte 1-14 poll. longa, circiter 10-sperma, Flores parvi, 
purpurei: Calycis lacinie subulate. © 


6. ACANTHONOTUS, Benth. 


Hook. Niger Flora, p. 298. Walpers, Ann. vol, ii, p. 362, 


1. A, echinatus, Benth. 1. c.—Jndigofera echinata, Willd.; W.et A. 
Prod. i. 198, eum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 316.—c.P. 1453. 
Haz. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


‘ 


84, | ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminose. 


7. PSORALEA, Linn. 


1. P. corylifolia, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 198, cum + heiditias. 1443. 
Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 


8. SESBANIA, Pers. 


1. S. Hgyptiaca, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 214, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 32.)—c.P. 1512. 

Has. Habarane, Gardner. i 

2. S. aculeata, Pers. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1513. 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


9. TEPHROSIA, Pers. 


_ 1. suberosa, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 210, cum syn.; Wight, Iust. i. 

198. t, 82.)— Mundulea suberosa, Benth. ; Walp. Ann. iv. 491.—c.p. 1486. 

Has. On rocks, near the Temple at Damboul. 

2. T. tinctoria, Pers, (W. et A., l. c. 211, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 388.)—c.P. 1449. 

Has. Var. a. W. et A., 1. c., Central Province, up to elev. 5000 feet. 
Var. y. W. et A., l.c., near Matele, Gardner. Nom. vulg. ‘ Aloo-pilla. 

Although the extreme forms of this species vary so exceedingly in habit, degree of 
pubescence, and size of the leaflets, stipules, bracts, and calyx, it seems impossible, 
as Wight and Arnott remark, to separate them. 

3. T. maxima, Pers. (W. et A., l. ¢. p- 213, cum syn.)—o.P. 1444. 

Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 

4, 'T. purpurea, Pers. (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.)—oc.P. 1445. 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“| Pia? 

The root of this plant is used as an anthelmintic for children. 


5. 'T. hirta, Ham. in Linn. Trans. xiii. 546. 
Has. Hantain, Gardner (in Herb. Hook.). 
6. T. villosa, Pers. (W. et A., l.c. p- 212, cum syn.)—c.P. 1447. 


Var. 8. argentea.—T. argentea, Pers.; W. et A., lc. cum syn.—c.P. 
1446 


= s. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom, vulg. ‘ Boo-pilla.” 
Flores purpurei vel albidi, - é 
I have never met with any plant in the island agreeing in character with Persoon’s 
P. senticosa, 
10. STYLOSANTHES, Sw. 


“1, S. mucronata, Willd. (W. ct A. Prodi. 218, cum syn.)—c.P. 1451. 
Has. Common towards the north of the island. 


ll. ZORNIA,* Gmel. 
1. %. angustifolia, Sm. (W. et A. Prod. i. 217, cum syn.) —c.P. 3598 
(524 partim). 
* Bentham (Martius, Fl. Bras. Leg. p. 82) includes under Z, diphylla, Pers. 


all the Ceylon species, viz.—No. 1, under var. A, vulgaris punctata, and No. 2 and 3, 
under var. u, Zeylonensis, 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS. 85 


Has. Not uncommon in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

2. Z. conjugata, Sm.—Z. Zeylonensis, Pers.; W. et A., 1. c. cum syn. 
—c.P. 3600. 

Has. Colombo. 

The joints of the legume of this species are twice as long and broad as those of 
the preceding and following species, 

3. Z. Walkeri, Arn. Pug. p. 12 (330) ; Walp. Rep. i. 726.—c.r. 3599 
(524 partim). 
Has. Central Province, not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 
feet. 

Leguminis articuli parce inconspicue echinulati. 

The few echinulations generally present upon the legume of this species do not 
project beyond its border, and are therefore easily overlooked. 


12, SMITHIA, Ait. 


1. S. conferta, Sm. (DC. Prod. ii. 323.)—S. sensitiva, var. B, W. et 
A. Prod. i. 220, cum syn.—c.p. 2777. 
as Common in damp, grassy places, in the warmer parts of the 
island, 

2. S. blanda, Wall. (W. et A., 1. c. 221; Wight, Icones, t. 986.)—S. 
paniculata, Arn. Pug. 12 (330.)—c.P. 58. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


A very variable species as regards the size of the leaves and flowers, and the 
amount of pubescence upon the stems and calyces, 


13. ZSCHYNOMENE, Linn. 
(Nom. vernac. “ Deya-seyembala.”) ; 

1. 2. aspera, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 219, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 299.)—o.p. 1514, 

Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

2. ZE. Indica, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, t. 4065.) 
—c.p. 1515, ; 
_ Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. 


14. ORMOCARPUM, Beauv. 


1. O. sennoides, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 216, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tcones, t. 297.)—0.r. 1438. 
B. Hot, drier parts of the island; not uncommon. 


15. URARIA, Desy. 


: - “S Picta, Desv. (W. et A. Prod. i. 221, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
» 411.)—o.p. 1437. : 

Hae Ne rare in the hotter parts of the island. 

2. U. hamosa, Wall. (W. et A., 1. c. 222, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 284.)—D. rufescens, DO. (fid. Benth.)—c.p. 3590. 

Has. N ilgalla, in the Badulla District. 

3. U. crinita, DC. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (Hb. Hook.). 


86 ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminosae. 


16. DENDROLOBIUM, Benth. 
Desmodium, Subgenus Dendrolobium, W. et A. 


1. D. umbellatum, W. et A. Prod. i. 224, cum syn.; Walp. Ann. iv. 
543.—c.P. 1436. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

2. D. cephalotes, W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 373.— 
c.P. 2780. 

Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


17. PHYLLODIUM, Desyv. 
Walpers, Ann. vol, iv. p. 544, 


1. P. pulchellum, Desvy.—Dicerma pulchellum, DC.; W. et A. © 
Prod. i. 230, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 418.—c.p. 1279. _ 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Hampinne.” 


18. DICERMA, DC. 


1. D. biarticulatum, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 230, cum syn.; Wight, 
Teones, t. 419.)—c.P. 1450. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. 


19. PTEROLOMA, Desyv. 


1. P. triquetrum, Benth. (Walp. Ann. iv. 543.)—Desmodium tri- 
quetrum, DC.; W. et A. Prod. i. 224, cum syn.—c.p. 1431. 
Has. Central Province; abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Baloleya.” 


20. CATENARIA, Benth. in Pl. Jungh. ii. 220. 


a C. laburnifolia, Benth. 1. c. cum syn.; Walp. Ann. iv. 544,.—¢.P. 
1435. 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1500 to 3000 feet. 


21. DESMODIUM, DC. 


1. D. triflorum, DC. Prod. ii. 334, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 292. 
—c.p. 2779. 

Has. Abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“« Heen-oondoopeyelli,”. . 

This is valued as a medicine for the cure of dysentery. 

2. D. heterophyllum, DC., |. c. cum syn.—D. triflorwm, var. 4 
W. et A. Prod. i. 229; Wight, Icones, t. 291.—c.r. 2778. Be. 

_ Has. Equally abundant with the last, from which it is certainly dis- 

tinct. Nom. vulg. “ Maha-oondoopeyelli.” : 

3. D. parvifolium, DC. (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1429. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

4. BD. polycarpon, W. et A., ]. c. 227, cums 

Var. a. caulibus adpresse pilosis ; bracteis longe acuminatis; legu- 
minibus hirsutis vel sepe glaberrimis.—c.v. 1425. 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS. 87 


Var. 8. caulibus superne villosis ; bracteis lanceolatis, nec longe acu- 
minatis.—c.P. 3512. ; 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. : 

5. D. ferrugineum, Wall. Cat. 5732 A.—D. rufescens, W. et A., 
1. c. 228 (non De Candolle) ; Wight, Icones, t. 984.—c.P. 1426. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

This, like the preceding species, varies much in the amount of pubescence upon 
the several parts, as well as in the relative length of the acumen of the bractez. 

6. D. gyrans, DC. (W. et A., 1. c. 227, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 

t. 294.)—c.P. 1430. 

- . Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

7. D. gyroides, DC. (W. et A., 1. ¢.)—o.P. 3326. 

Has. Pusalawa, in the Central Province, according to the statement 
; sf ee Plant Collector, but I have never seen it truly wild in the 
island. 

8. D. latifolium, DC. (W. et A., 1. c. 225, cumsyn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 270, 272.)—c.P. 3588. 

Has. Near Bibili, in the Badulla District. 

9. i are Gr. (W. et A., 1. c. 226; Arn. Pug. p. 13, 331.)— 
c.P. 3129. - 

_ Has. Abundant in the warmer parts of the island, up to an eleva- 
tion of 1500 feet. 

10. D. ormocarpoides, DC. 

Has. Ceylon, Gardner (Hb. Hook). 

11. D. podocarpum, DC. Prod.i.336 (non Hook. et Arn.)—c.P. 1434, 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Flores parvi, albidi. 

12. D. strangulatum, W. et A.,1. c. 228; Wight, Icones, t. 985.— 
c.P. 1433. , 

Var. 8. minor ; caule villoso ; foliis rotundato-rhomboideis, obtusis, 
minute apiculatis, lateralibus vix obliquis; stipwlis villosis; floribus 
multo minoribus ; Jeguminibus articulis minus constrictis—c.P. 3329. 
An species distincta ? 

Flores (var. a) aurantiaco-rubri. : as 

Desmodium Walkeri, Arn. Pag. p. 18, 881, ¢.r. 2973, appears to be identical 
with De Candolle’s Desm. cajanifolium, and can scarcely have any claim to be con- 

indigenous to Ceylon. 


22. PSEUDARTHRIA, W. et A. 


1. P. viscida, W. et A. Prod. i. 209, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 286.—c.P. 1432. 
. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


23. ALYSICARPUS, Neck. 
(Nom. vernac. “ Aswenna.”) 
1, A. vaginalis, DC. (Walp. Ann. iv. 548, cum syn.)—c.P. 1428. 
Has. Abundant up otek elevation of 3000 feet. - 


ae bupleurifolius, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i, 233, cum syn.)—c.P, 


88 ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminose. 


Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, Garduer. 


3. A. scariosus, Grah.— A. styracifolius, W. et A., 1... 234 (non DC.) 
—c.P. 3589. 

Has. Minnery tank. 

4. A. Heyneanus, Wight. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (Hb. Hook.). 


24. DUMASIA, DC. 


1. D. villosa, DC. Prod. ii. 241.—Var. 8, D. pubescens, DC., lc. 
Arn. Pug. p. 12, 330. D. congesta, Grah.; W. et A. Prod. i. 206; 
Wight, Icones, t. 445.—o.P. 663. 


AB. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 
7000 feet. 


25. CLITOREA, Linn. 


1. C. Ternatea, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 205, cum syn.)—c.r. 1485. 
Has. Not uncommon in the Batticaloa District. Nom. vulg. “ Nil- 
Kattarodoo.” 


26. SHUTERIA, W. et A. 


1. S. vestita, W. et A. Prod. i. 207; Wight, Icones, t. 165.—c.P. 661. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


27. SOTA, Meench. 


1. S. Wightii, Grah. (Walp. Ann. iv. 552, cum syn.)—c.P. 1477. 
Haz. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


28. GALACTTIA, P. Browne. 


1. G. tenuifolia, W. et A. Prod. i. 206, cum syn.—c.p. 1468. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


29. GLYCINE, Linn. 


1. G. labialis, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 208, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 168.)—? G. mollis, W. et A., 1. c.; Arn. Pug. p- 12, 330.—c.p. 1471. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


This is such a variable plant that I cannot help suspecting, judging from the de- 
scription, that G. mollis of W. et A. is only a form of it. 


30. CANAVALIA, DC. 

(Nom. vernac. “ Wal-awara.”) : 
1. C. obtusifolia, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 253, cum syn.)—c.P. 1484. 
Has. Common near the sea-shore. 


2. G. gladiata, DO. (W. et A., l.c.cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t.'753.) 
—c.P. 1481. 


Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


Leguminose. | _ CEYLON PLANTS. 89 


3. C. virosa, W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.—o.p. 2782. . 
Has. Central Province, abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


31. MUCUNA, Adans. 


1, M. monosperma, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 254, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 35.)—c.p. 2662. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
. 2. M. atropurpurea, DC. (W. et A., 1. c.)—c.P. 1483. 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

3. M. gigantea, DC. (W. et A., 1. c.)—c.P. 3587. 

Has. BatticaloaP Gardner. 

4, M. prurita, Hook. (W. et A., 1. c. 255.)—Var. 8. pedunculis bre-. 
vibus, sepissime 2-floris.—c.p. 3150. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not uncommon. Var. a. In ex- 


3988 situations. Var. 8. In shady places. Nom. vulg. “ Aachariya- 
paloo.” 


* 


32. ERYTHRINA, Linn. 


1. E. Indica, Lam. (W. et A, Prod.i. 260, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 58.)—c.p. 1464, 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “Errabadoo-gass.” 

This is used medicinally for men and cattle, and the young, tender leaves are 
eaten in curries. 

ee ovalifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 254; Wight, Icones, t. 247.— 
c.P. 9. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Yak-errabadoo- 


33. BUTEA, Roxb. 


1. B. frondosa, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod, i. 261.)—c.P. 1465. . 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Gass-kaala. 


34, STRONGYLODON, Vogel. 


1, S. ruber, Vog. (Walp. Ann. iv, 559, cum syn.)—c.P. 1479. 
Has. Near Kornegalle, apparently quite wild, . 

_Legumen oblongum, inflatum, membranaceum, marginatum, indehiscens, rostratum, 
stipitatum, 23-3 poll. longum, 1}-1} latum, 1-2-spermum, stipite 4 poll. longo. 
Semina ovoidea, levia, nigra, 8-9 lin, longa, 7 lin. lata, carwnculo rubro 1 lin, alto 
semicincta, testa coriacea, cotyledonibus duris crassis consolidatis. 


35. PHASEOLUS, Linn, 
(Nom. vernac. “‘ Wal-maa.”) 


1. P. Truxillensis, H.B.K.—P. rostratus, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 
244, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, t. 34.)—c.P. 1480.. 

Has. Warns parts of the island. 

2. P. radiatus, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. 246, cum syn.)—c.P. 1478. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. . 


90 : ENUMEBATION OF [| Leguminose. 


3. P. trinervius, Heyne, (W. et A., 1. c. 245, cum syn.)—c.P. 1476. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

4. P. trilobus, Ait. (W. et A., 1. c. 246, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 94.) —c.P. 1474. ' 

Has. Common amongst grass in the hotter parts of the island, 
varying greatly in the shape of the leaflets. 

5. P. Grahamianus, W. et A., 1. c. 244.—0o.P. 3586, 

Has. Batticaloa. 

Bracteole minute, rotundatee, membranacez, decidue. Calyz ciliatus, 14 lin’ 
longus, Zabio superiore truncato emarginato, /aciniis inferioribus brevibus subacutis. 
Corolla purpurea, circiter } poll. longa. 

6. P. semierectus, Linn.— Phas. psoralioides, W. et A. Prod. i. 244; 
Wight, Icones, t. 249.—c.P, 3609. 

. Central Province. 


36. VIGNA, Savi. 


1. V. vexillata, Benth—V. carinalis, Benth.; Walp. Rep. v. 538. 
—c.P. 2781. 
. Has. Abundant in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 
eet. 
2. V.luteola, Benth. MSS. An Dolichos luteus, Sw. ?—c.r. 1482. 
Has. Not uncommon near the seacoast. Galle, Gardner ; Colombo, 
Ferguson. : 


37. DOLICHOS, Linn. 
1. D. unifforus, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. 248, cum syn.)—c.p. 1475. 
Has. Central Province, Gardner. 
2. D. ciliatus, Klein, (W. et A., 1. c. 249, cum syn.)—c.P. 1469. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 
3. D. faleatus, Klein, (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1472. 
Has. Hantani, Gardner; Batticaloa District. 


38. LABLAB, Adans. 


1. L. vulgaris, Savi, (W. et A. Prod. i. 250, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 57, 203.)—c.P. 1470. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


39. CAJANUS, DC. 


1. ©. Indicus, Spr. (W. et A. Prod. i. 256, cum syn.)—c.P. 720. 
Has. Ambagamowa, Gardner. Nom. yulg. ‘ Rata-tora.” 


' This is said to be not truly wild in the island, and the native name would also 
seem to indicate it, 


40. DUNBARIA, W. ct A. 


1, D. Heynei, W. et A. Prod. i. 258.—D. oblonga, Arn, Pug. 15, 
(333.)—c.P. 1478. 
Has. Central Province ; common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS. 91 


41, ATYLOSIA, W. et A. 


1, A. Candollei, W. et A. Prod. i. 257, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 754.—? A. major, W. et A., 1. c.—c.P. 55 (209, 224). 

Has. Very abundant amongst grass, in the Central Province, up to 
an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Atta-tora.” 
_ 2. A. albicans, Benth.—Cantharospermum albicans, W. et As, ko. 
p. 256, cum syn.—c.P. 2783. 

Has. Hantani, Gardner. 

3. A. rugosa, W. et A., l.c. p- 257.—c.p. 1441. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 fect. Nom. vulg. 
“Wal-Colloo.” 

4. A. scarabeeoides, Benth.— Cantharospermum pauciflorum, W. et 
A. 255, cum syn.—c.P. 1442. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


‘ 


42. RHYNCHOSIA, Lour. 


1. R. cana, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 240, cum syn.)—c.P, 1280. 

Has. Abundant‘in the warmer parts of the island. 

2. R. minima, DC. (Prod. ii. 385, cum syn.)—R. medicaginea, DC., 
Lc. 386; W. et A., loc. 238, cum syn.—c.P. 1440. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 

3. R. rufescens, DC. (W. et A., l.c. 239, cum syn. ; Arn. Pug. p- 14, 
332, n. 42.)—c.p, 1424, : 

Has. Batticaloa District ; common. 


43. ABRUS, Linn. 


1. A. precatorius, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 236, cum syn.)—c.P. 1466. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Olinda-wel.” 

2. A. pulchellus, Wall. ; foliolis lineari-oblongis, 7-10-jugis ; pani- 
culis terminalibus, longe pedunculatis, racemiformibus, ramis earundem 
subsecundis incrassatis curvatis, pedicellos serie continua diu gerentibus ; 
coeninsue compressis, subfalcatis, brevi-rostratis, circiter 9-spermis.— 
.P, 

Has. Not uncommon in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

ez scandens, volubilis, plus minus adpresse pilosus. Stipule stipelleque 
parvie, lanceolato-subulatee, Calyx campanulatus, minute 5-dentatus, pedicello sub-. 
fequilongus, 1 lin, longus. Corolla calyee 8-4-plo longior, pallide purpurea. Legu- 
mna 14-24 poll. longa, 34-4 lin. lata. Semina subrotundata, compressa, minute 
tuberculata, nigra, 2 lin, longa. 


44. NOMISMIA, W. et A. 


LN. nummularia, W. et A. Prod. i. 237, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 283.—c.p, 1439, 


B. Jaffna, Gardner. 


92 ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminosae. 


45, CYANOSPERMUM, W. et A. 


1. C. tomentosum, W. et A. Prod. i. 260, cum syn. ; Wight, Ilust. i. 
p- 198. t. 81, 84.—c.p. 2471. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. 


46. PYCNOSPORA, Brown, W. et A. 


1. P. nervosa, W. et A. Prod. i. 197, cum syn.—o.P. 279. 
Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


47. FLEMINGIA, Roxb. 


1. F. strobilifera, Brown, (W. et A. Prod. i. 243, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 267.)—c.P. 697. 

Has, Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Hampilla.” 

2. F. lineata, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. 242, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 327.)—c.P. 1423. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

3. F. congesta, Roxb. (W. et A., 1. c, 241, cumsyn. ; Wight, Icones, 
t. 390.)—c.P. 2663. 

Has. Ambagamowa District. 

4, F. semialata, Roxb. (Fl. Ind. iii. p. 340; Wight, Icones, t. 326.) 
—co.P. 256, 3585. 

Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


48, PTEROCARPUS, Linn. 


j. P. Marsupium, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 266, cum syn.)—c.P. 1495. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. yulg. 
“ Gammaloo-gass.” 

The gum kino which exudes from the bark of this tree is used medicinally by the 
natives. 


49. PONGAMIA, Linn. 


1. P. glabra, Ventn. (W.et A. Prod. i. 262, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, 
t. 59.)—c.p. 1489 (1490). 

Has. Banks of rivers, common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Magool-karanda-gass.”” 


50. DERRIS, Lour. 
(Nom. vernac. ‘ Calla-wel.”’) 


The tough bark of the species of this and of some of the allied genera is used by 
the Cinghalese for making ropes. 


1. D. uliginosa, Benth. (Walp. Ann. iv. p. 581.)—Pongamia uligi- 
nosa, DC.; W. et A. Prod. i. 262, cum syn.—c.r. 1494. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

2. D. ovalifolia, Benth., var.— Pongamia ovalifolia, W. et A. Prod. 1. 
262; Baas Icones, t. 328.—c.r. 1493. 

Has. Hantani, Saffragam, and Ambagamowa Districts. 


Leguminosa.) CEYLON PLANTS; 93 


Scandens, Foliola ovata vel obovato-oblonga, apice rotundata vel abrupte brevi- 
acuminata, juniora rufescentia, 


3. D. sinuata, Benth. ; foliolis 3-jugis cum impari, ovatis vel ovato- 
lanceolatis, glabris, apice emarginatis, basi rotundatis ; paniculis seepis- 
sime terminalibus, elongatis, adpresse pilosis ; legwminibus compressis, 
nitidis, reticulatis, rostrato-acuminatis, sepe seminum abortu varie 
sinuatis, margine seminifera alata.—oc.P. 1491. 

Has. Batticaloa, Gardner; Cattura District. 

Seandens. Foliola 1-4 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata; petiolulis incrassatis, 2} lin. 
longis. Pediceili calyce breviores. Bracteole minute, acutee, cito decidus. Corodla 
pallide purpurea ; vexi//o orbiculari, emarginato ; a/is anguste lanceolatis, subfalcatis, 
carinam apice fissam arete amplectentibus. Stamina diadelpha, 9 et 1; antheris 
oblongis. Semina oblonga, parce curyata. 


51. BRACHYPTERUM, Benth. 


1, B. scandens, W. et A. (Walp. Ann. iv. 579, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 275.)—c.p. 1492. 

Has. Abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 

2. B. Benthamii, Thw.; foliolis 2-3-jugis cum impari, oblongis, 
obtuse brevi-acuminatis, glabris ; paniculis terminalibus, elongatis, ad- 
presse pilosis, ramis racemiformibus ; pedicellis solitariis ; leguminibus 
oblongis, adpresse pilosis—c.P. 2925. 

- Ooma Oya, on the Lower Badulla Road from Kandy. 

Scandens. Foliola 14-4} poll. longa, 3~2 poll. lata, petiolulo 14~2 lin: longo. 
Pedicelli calyce wquilongi. Ca/yz rubiginosus, antice brevi-3-dentatus. Petala 
age rosea. Ovarium circiter 4-ovulatum. Legumina 1-13 poll. longa, 6~7 lin. 


This species, in general a nce, closely resembles the preceding, but is suffi- 
_ ciently Uctingniches by the different sc of the ‘cheeanas and the width of 
the legumes. 

3. B. elegans, Thw.; foliolis 3-4-jugis cum impari, ellipticis vel 
oblongis, abrupte er ee aed subtus minutissime reticu- 
latis ; paniculis axillaribus terminalibusque, glabris, foliis subequilongis, 
tacemformibus ; pedicellis fasciculatis ; leguminibus linearibus, apice 
rotundatis, oblique apiculatis, 1-2-spermis, glabris.—c.P. 2508. 

Haz. Central Province, at no great elevation. 

Scandens. Foliola 14-2 poll. longa, 4-1 poll. lata, membranacea; petiolulo 
tenui, 2 lin. longo. Pedicelli 2 lin, longi. Calyx minute ciliatis, 1 lin. longus, 
antice brevi-3-dentatus, basi dracteolis 2 minutis lanceolatis ciliatis suffultus. Ova- 
rium 2-ovulatum. Legumina 13-23 poll. longa, 4 poll. lata. 


52. DALBERGIA, Linn. 


1. D. Mooniana, Thw.— D. Lanceolaria, Moon’s Cat. p. 513 Soliolis 
5-8, alternis, majusculis, ovatis vel oblongis, acuminatis, subtus palli- 
dioribus minute reticulatis; paniculis terminalibus ; leguwminibus li- 
hearibus, marginatis, stipitatis, rostratis, 1-6-spermis, sepe seminum 
abortu varie sinuatis.—c.P. 439. . : 

Haz. Southern and central parts of the island, at no great elevation. 
Nom. vulg. “ Nadoong-gass.” : 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli albo-punctati. Gemme pilose. Folia glabra, rachi 
Petiolisque pilosis, denique glabris, Foliola 24-7 poll. longa, 14-3 poll, lata, 


94 ENUMERATION OF | Leguminose. 


petiolulo 14 lin. longo. Stipule lanceolate, pilose, decidus, 2 lin. longre. Legu- 
mina coriacea, leevia, obscure reticulata, 11 lin. lata, marginibus 1 lin. latis superiore 
crassiore. 

This tree produces a very good timber, well adapted for furniture and for 
buildings, 

2. D. Championii, Thw. — Endespermum Zeylanicum, Champion, 
MSS. ; foliolis 2-4, alternis vel suboppositis, ellipticis acuminatis reticu- 
latis, magnitudine valde variis, superne glabris, subtus fugaci pilosulis, 
panteulis terminalibus pilosis foliosis, leguminibus membranaceo-foliaceis, 
monospermis, lineari-lanceolatis, subacutis, stipitatis, adpresse pilosulis, 
medio reticulatis.—c.p. 761 (772). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 

Scandens. Foliola 2-6 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata; petiolulo tumidulo, + poll. 
longo. Flores 3 lin. longi, Calyx albidus, ferrugineo-pilosulus, dentibus equilongis, 
tubo duplo brevioribus, 2 sup. rotundatis, reliquis acutis. Petala albida, pallide 
rufo-venosa, longe unguiculata. Stamina 9, monadelpha. Ovarium longe stipi- 
tatum, 1-ovulatum. ; 

This species is evidently very closely allied to Blume’s Endespermum scandens. 

3. D. frondosa, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 266, cum syn.)—c.P. 1496. 

Has. Not uncommon in forests, in the Central Province and else- 
where, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

T have not met with any plants in Ceylon corresponding with the descriptions 
of Dalbergia Lanceolaria, Linn. f., and Dalbergia Zeylanica, Roxb. . 

4. D. monosperma, Dalzell.—o.p, 243. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (in Herb. Hook.). 


53. SOPHORA, Linn., R. Br. 


1, S. tomentosa, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 179, cum syn.; Walp. 
Ann. iv. 586, cum syn.)—c.P. 1487. 

Has. Seacoast, in the Galle District. Nom. vulg. ‘ Moodoo- 
moroonga.”” . a 

2. ec enes. Linn. (Walp. Ann. 1.c.; Wight, Icones, t. 1155.) 
—c.p. 570. 

Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

3. S. violacea, Thw. ; foliolis 7-12-jugis cum impari, ellipticis, obtusis, 
brevissime mucronulatis, pilosulis, subtus pallidioribus ; racemis termi- 
nalibus, multifloris, adpresse pilosis, folio subsequilongis ; leguminibus 
pilosulis, valde constrictis, nodi ovoideis.—c.p. 3546. 

Has. Galle District, between Dickwelle and Matura. 

Frutex mediocris, Ramuli petiolique adpresse pilosi. Stipule bracteaque minute, 
subulate, decidux. Foliola 6-15 lin. longa, 3—7 lin. lata, petiolulo 3-1 lin. longo. 
Calyz tubulosus, margine 5-lobus, pedicello sequilongo oblique affixus, Petala vio- 
lacea, longe unguiculata, vezillo distante recurvato, a/is carina angustioribus lon- 
_ Sloribusque. Ovarium circiter J-ovulatum. Semina ovoidea, rubra. 


Susorp. 2. CHSALPINIE, R. Br. 
54. GUILANDINA, Linn. 
1. G. Bondue, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 280, cum syn.)—c.p, 1524. 


Leguminose. | CEYLON PLANTS. 95 


Haz. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Koombooroo-wel.” 
Every part of this plant is used medicinally by the natives. 


_ 55. CAESALPINTIA, Linn. 


1. ©. paniculata, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 281; Wight, Icones, 
t. 36.)—c.P. 1525, 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Deya- 
wawool-atteya.” 

2, ©. digyna, Rottl. (W. et A., l. ec. cum syn.)—c.P. 1527. 

Has. Kornegalle, Gardner. 

3. C. mimosoides, Lam. (W. ct A., 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 392.) —c.P. 3601 (2784 partim). 

Has. Abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Goda-wawool-atteya.” 

4, C. sepiaria, Roxb. (W. et A., 1. c. 282, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 37.)—c.P. 3602 (2784 partim). — - 

Has, Abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


56. TAMARINDUS, Linn. 


1. T. officinalis, Hook. (Walp. Ann. iv. 595, cum syn.)—Var. a, 
F. Indica, DC.—c.P. 1501. A 
Has. Hot, drier districts of the island, but probably not truly indi- 
genous to Ceylon. Nom. vulg. “Seyembala.” 
_ The ripe fruit is used as a condiment for curries : a decoction of the fresh leaves 
1s employed as a detergent for foul wounds and sores. ; 


57. CASSIA, Linn. 


_ 1. ©. Fistula, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 285, cum syn.; Walp. Ann. 
iv. 595, cum Gi) -0. phontypia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii, 384; Wight, 
Tcones, t. 269.—c.P. 1502. : 
_ Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. -Nom. 
vulg. ‘s a- gass.” i 
Every part is used medicinally by the Cinghalese as a purgative. The heart 
of the tree yields a good timber. 

2. C. Roxburghii, DC. (W. et A., 1. ¢. 286, cam syn.; Wight, 
Illust. i. 198. ¢. 83.)——c.P. 1505. “i : 

- Frequently growing with the preceding, and is equally abun- 
dant. Nom: vulg. Ratse wa” : 

3. ©. tomentosa, Linn. f. (W. et A., 1. ¢. cum syn.; Walp. Ann. iv. 
596, cum So St 2410. : 

Has. Newera Ellia, at an elevation of 7000 feet. 

4. ©. Sophera, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. 287, cum syn.)—c.P. 1507. 
2 Haz. Hotter parts of the island; not uncommon. Nom. vuilg. 

Ooroo-tora,” 

5. G. occidentalis, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. 290, eum syn.)—c.P. 1262. 
ae. Very abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

enni- ra.” 


96 ENUMERATION OF [ Leguminose. 


The tender leaves of this and the next species are eaten by the Cinghalese in 
their curries. 


6. ©. Tora, Linn. (W. et A., 1c. cum syn.; Walp. Ann. lc. cum 
syn.)—Cc.P. 2785. 

Has. Very abundant on roadsides, ete. 

7. C. glauca, Linn. (W. et A., l. c. p. 289, cum syn.; Walp. l.c. 
p- 597, cum syn.)—c.P. 1526. 

Has. Colombo, Moon. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-ahalla-gass.” 

8. C. auriculata, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. p. 290, cum syn.)—c.P. 1503. 

Has. Abundant in many parts of the island near the seacoast. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Ranawara.” 

A decoction or infusion of the leaves of this plant is much esteemed as a cooling 
medicine by the Cinghalese. 

9. C. florida, Vahl, (W. et A., lc. p. 288, cum syn.; Walp. Ann. 
iv. 597, cum syn.)—c.P. 3485. 

Has. Banks of rivers, in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “‘ Waa-gass.” 

The wood of this tree is extremely hard and durable. 


10. CG. Timoriensis, DC. Prod. ii. 499; Walp. l.c. cum syn.—c.P. 
1504. 

Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
** Arramana.” 

11. ©. Absus, Linn. (W. et A., lc. p. 291, cum syn.; Walp. Le. 
p- 598, cum syn.)—c.P, 1506. 

Has. Very common amongst high grass, up to an elevation of 3000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “‘ Boo-tora.” ; 

12. C. mimosoides, Linn. (DC. Prod. ii, 503; Walp. Rep. i. 8375 
Walp. Ann. iv. 598.)—c.P. 1510. 

Var. y. villosula ; tota planta pilis longis subpatentibus flavis sparse 
tecta; foliis patello majoribus, aristato-mucronatis.—c.P. 3603. An spe- 
cies distincta P 

Has. Abundant amongst high grass, in exposed situations, up to an 
elevation of 4000 feet. Var. y. Maturatte District. 

Var. y is probably a distinct species; the bracteole near the apex of the pedicel 
are nearer to the base of the flower than in the typical form of C. mimosoides, and 
the petiolar gland is a little below instead of between the last pair of leaflets. 


13. C. Wallichiana, DC.; caule erecto, rigido, parce ramoso ; foliolis 
20-25-jugis, oblongo-linearibus, aristato-mucronatis ; glandula paul 
supra medium petioli subsessili; pedicellis supra- illaribus, fascicu- 
latis; staminibus 10, valde inequalibus.—c.P. 286. 

Has. Open, grassy places in the Central Province. Hantani, Macrae. 
Haragam, near Kandy. Nom. vulg. “ Bin-seyembala.” : 

Caulis teres, 1-4-pedalis, pilosulus. Foliola glabra, margine ciliolata, 5-9 lim — 
longa, 1-1} lin. lata. Fasciculi circiter 4-flori, pedicellis 2-4 lin. longis. Calyz 
ee. Petala basi interne, cum staminibus partim, rufo-tincta. Legumina pi 

Sufficiently distinguished from the preceding species by the darker colour of the 
stems and foliage, the much larger leaves, shorter pedicel, and different shape and 
position of the petiolar gland. 

14 C. Kleinii, W. ct A.,1.c. p. 293, cum syn. ; Walp. Rep. i. 837-— 
c.P. 1508 (1509). 2 a 


Leguminosae. | CEYLON PLANTS. | 97 


Var. 8. pilosa; planta tota patentim dense pilosa. 
Has. Abundant in similar situations to the last. Var. 8. Hantani 
District.. Nom. vulg. “ Bin-seyembala.” 


Cassia atata, Linn., has become naturalized in various parts of the island. 


58. JONESIA, Roxb. 


1, J. Asoka, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 284, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t, 206; Walp. Ann. iv. 609.)—c.P. 653. 

Has. Sides of streams, under the shade of larger trees, up to an ele- 
vation of 3000 feet. Very abundant in the Bintenne District. Nom. 
vulg. “ Deya-ratmal.” 


59. HUMBOLDTIA, Vahl. 


1. H. laurifolia, Vahl, (W. et A. Prod. i. 285, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tcones, t. 1605.)—o.P. 328. 

Has. Very abundant in the Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, 
on the shady banks of streams. Nom. vulg. “ Gal-karanda.” 


60. DIALIUM, Linn. 


1. D. ovoideum, Thw.; jfoliolis bijugis, suboppositis, cum impari, 
lanceolatis, apice retusis, superne glabris, subtus sparse minutissime 
puberulis; paniculis terminalibus adpresse incano-pilosis, folio longi- 
oribus ; bracteolis lanceolatis, cito deciduis; sepalis lanceolatis ; legu- 
Po ovoideo, parce compresso, subsessili, 1-2-spermo, velutino.—c.P. 


Has. Districts north of Kandy, at no great elevation. Nom. vulg. 
“ Gal-seyembala-gass.”” 

Arbor ingens, ramulis rugosulis. Foliola 2-8 poll. longa, $-14 lata, petiolulo 
tumidalo 2 Tin. longo. Flores albidi, circiter 3 lin. longi, pedicellis parum longiores. 
Anthere oblongz, extrorse, in anthesi filamentis subsequilongee. Ovarium in disco 

*annulari viridi sessile, 2-ovulatum ; s¢y/o subulato, apice obtusiuseulo. Legumen atro- 
oor ager 7-8 lin. longum, 5-6 lin. latum. Semzna rotundata, compressa, striata, 
nitida, ochraceo- vel rufo-brunnea, 4 lin. lon 

The fruit of this species is éf a sgréoible aiid flavour, and is sold in the bazaars. 

Wood is strong and handsome, and well adapted for ornamental furniture. 


61. CYNOMETRA, Linn. 


_1. C. ramifiora, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 293; Walp. Ann. iv. 601.) 
—c.P. 1500. 

Var. a; foliolis omnibus 1-jugis.—c.P. 3604. inci 

Var. 8. heterophylla ; foliolis versus basin innovationum 2-jugis, ver- 
sus apicem 1-jugis. : 

B. Var. a. Batticaloa District. Var. 8. Trincomalee, Gardner. 
Caltura District. Nom. vulg. “ Gal-mendora-gass.’ 

Not having been so fortunate as to obtain the flowers or fruit of var. a, I am un- 
able to determine whether var. B is really distinct, as a species, from it, but I almost 
Suspect it will prove so, the leaflets being much less acuminated, and slightly different 
in other respects, 


0 


98 ENUMERATION OF [| Leguminose. 


62. BAUHINIA, Linn. 


1, B. tomentosa, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 295, cum syn.; Walp. 
Ann. iv. 602, cum syn.)—c.P. 1498, 
_ Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Kaha-pettang.” 


63. PILIOSTIGMA, Hochstett. 


1, P. racemosum, Benth. (Walp. Ann. iv. 607, cum syn.)—Bawhinia 
racemosa, Lam.; W. et A. Prod. i. 295, cum syn.—o.P. 1497. 

Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. “ Myla-gass.” 

The bark of this tree is very tough, and is made into ropes by the Cinghalese. 
The leaves are a very favourite food of the elephant. 


Susorp. 3. MIMOSEA. 
64. ENTADA, Adans. 


1. E. scandens, Benth. (Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. 332.)—E. Purse- 
tha, DC.; W. et A. Prod. i. 267, cum syn.—c.p. 2661. 

Baa ies abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Poos-wel.” 


The tough bark of this plant is used for making cord and ropes: the juice of the 
leaves is employed for stupefying fish. 


65. ADENANTHERA, Linn. 


1. A. pavonina, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 271, cum syn.)—c.p. 3605. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island; very common, but generally in 
or near native gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Madateya-gass.” 


2, A. bicolor, Moon's Cat. p. 34 (sine syn.) ; foliis bipinnatis, glabris; 
pinnis distantibus, 1-3-jugis, suboppositis, apiculo parvo terminatis, 
6-8-foliolatis ; foliolis alternis, ovato-lanceolatis, minute apiculatis ; Ze- 
guminibus linearibus, varie contortis ; seminibus rotundatis, compressis, 
nitidis, dimidiato-bicoloribus.—oc.P. 324. 

_ Has. Not uncommon in the south of the island, at no great eleva- 
tion. Nom. vulg. “ Mas-moroo-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris, 15-20-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, glabri, nitidi, infra nodos bical- 
losi, cum racemis foliorumque rachi, atro-rubri. Petioli basi tumidi, superne minute 
glandolosi, subsulcati. St¢pu/e minutissime, subulate. Foliola 1-1} poll. longa, 
6—9 lin. lata, superne nitida, sudtus opaca, pallidiora, rufescentia, costa nervisque ru- 
bris, petiolu/o tumidulo 1 lin. longo. Racemi axillares, multiflori, folio multum 
breviores, parce fugaci-pilosi. Pedwnculi 14 lin. longi, infra medium articulati, basi 
1-bracteolati. Flores glabri, rubri, 1 lin. longi. Calyx minutus, acute 5-dentatus. 
Petala lanceolata. Stamina glandula terminali alba, polline flavo. Ovarium stipi- 
tatum, circiter 10-ovulatum. Legumina 5-6 lin. lata. Semina 4 lin. in diam., coc- 
cinea, dimidio apicali nigro, fumiculo 2 lin. longo. F 


66. DESMANTHUS, Benth. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. iv. p- 356, 


_ 1. D. virgatus, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 270, cum syn.; Walp. Ann. 
iv. 614, cum syn.)—c.P. 3606. 
Has. Patatenia Alwis. Probably introduced. 


Leguminose.]| CEYLON PLANTS. 99 


67. NEPTUNIA, Lour. 


1, N. oleracea, Lour. (Benth. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. 354; Walp. 
Rep. i. 863, cum syn.)—c.P. 1516. 
B. Very common in shallow water, and on the borders of tanks 
in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “Gass-nidi-koomba.” 
Mimosa Pupica, Linn., is become quite naturalized, and a troublesome weed in 
some parts of the island. : 


68. DICHROSTACHYS, DC. 


1. D. cinerea, W. et A. Prod. i. 271, cum syn.; Benth. in Hook. 
Journ. of Bot. iv. 353; Wight, Icones, t. 357.—c.P. 1523. 

Has. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Andara-gass.” 


69. ACACIA, Willd. 


1. A. eburnea, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 276, cum syn.; Benth. in 
Lond. Journ. of Bot. i. 501; Walp. Rep. i. 912.)—o.r. 1521. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

2. A. tomentosa, Willd. (W. et A., L.c.; Benth. l.c.; Walp. Rep. 
1. ¢.)—c.P. 744. : 

Hab. North of the island, Gardner. 

3. A. leucophloea, Willd. (W. et A., l.c. p. 277, cum syn.; Benth. 
l.c. 503; Walp. 1. c.).—c.r. 1520. 

Has. Hot, Selen parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Katoo-andara- 
gass.” 
4. A, Catechu, Willd. (W. et A., l. c. p. 272, cum syn.)—o.P. 3547. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “Rat-kihiri-gass.” 

Ar infusion of the wood of this tree is much esteemed by the Cinghalese as a 
purifier of the blood; and drinking-cups are often made of it. 
. 5, A. concinna, DC. (Benth. l.c. p. 514; Walp. l.c. p. 916; W. et 

A., 1. c. p. 277, cum syn.)—o.P. 1519. 

Has. ery common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

“ Hingooroo-wel.” : 

6. A. Intsia, Willd. (Benth. l.c..p. 515; Walp. l.c.; W. et A., ].c. 
P- 278.)—c.. 3607 (1519 partim). 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

7. A. pennata, Willd. (Benth. l.c. p. 516; Walp. Lc. p.917; W. et 
A,, l.c. p. 277, cum syn.)—c.P. 3300. 

Has. Haragam, near dy. 

My specimens of this plant are nearly free from prickles. 
_ Acacta Parnestana, Willd., has become quite naturalized, and very abundant 
m Some of the hotter parts of the island. 


70. ALBIZZIA, Durazzini, Benth. 
1. A. Lebbek, Benth. Hook. Journ. of Bot. iti. 87; Walp. Rep. 


Vv. 596.— Acacia speciosa, Willd.; W. et A. Prod. i, 275, cum syn.— 
c.P, 3130, ie 


100. ENUMERATION OF [ Rosaceae. 


Has. Anooradhapoora, Mr. Brodie; banks of the Ooma Oya, in the 
Badulla District. 

2. A. odoratissima, Benth. 1. c. p. 88; Walp. 1. ¢—Acacia odora- 
tissima, Willd.; W. et A., l.c. cum syn.—c.P. 1529. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Hooree-miara-gass.” 

3. A. amara, Boivin, (Benth. 1. c. p.90; Walp. 1. c. p. 597.)—Acacia 
amara, Willd.; W. et A., l.c. p. 274, cum syn.—c.P. 1518. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


4. A. stipulata, Benth. 1. c. p. 92; Walp. 1. c. p. 598, cum syn.— 
Acacia patie, DC.; W. et A., l.c—o.P.1517. 
Has. Warmer s of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


Nom. vulg. “ Cabal-mara-gass.” 


71. PITHECOLOBIUM, Martius. 
Sectio Concordia, Benth. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. iii. p. 202. 


1. P. geminatum, Benth. 1. c.; Walp. Rep. vy. 611.—Jnga geminata, 
W. et A. Prod. i. 269, cum syn.—c.P. 1531. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner; Bintenne District. 

2. P. umbellatum, Benth. 1l.c.; Walp. 1. c.—ZIJnga wmbellata, Willd. ; 
W. et A., lc. p. 270, cum syn.—c.P. 1530. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner; Teldenia. 


Sectio Clypearia, Benth. 1. c. p. 207. 


3. P. bigeminum, Mart. (Benth. 1. c.; Walp. 1. c.}\—Inga bigemina, 
Willd. ; W. et A., I. c. p. 269, cum syn.—c.p. 644, 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island, and up to an 
elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Calateya-gass.” 

Legumina interne flavo-rufa. Semina oblonga, 7 lin. longa, 5 lin. lata; festa mem- 
branacea, nigra, subnitida, interne fusca ; funiculo tenui, nigro, 2 lin. longo. Embryo 
mollis, graveolens ; cotyledonibus crassis, radiculam includentibus, basi fissis. 

4, P. subcoriaceum, Thw.; ramulis, paniculis petiolisque fusco- 
puberulis; pinnis 3-jugis; foliolis 15-20-jugis, subcoriaceis, lineari- 
oblongis, basi apiceque valde obliquis, subtus fusco-puberulis; g/an- 
dulis clypeiformibus ; petiolaribus sepissime 2, inter se et petioli basi 
paged os ; jugalibus solitariis, inter pinnarum paria mediis. 
—c.P. 337. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet; not 
uncommon. Nom. vulg. ‘ Meemini-mara.” 

Arbor ingens, 30-40-pedalis. Ramuli subangulati. Folio/a 2-7 lin. longa, 1,2 
lin. lata, subtus pallidiora. Capitula 3-12-flora. Flores puberuli, pallide virides, 
1-bracteolati. Corolla calyce tubuloso 5-dentato plus duplo longior. Stamina nu- 
merosa, longe exserta. Ovarium longe stipitatum, pubescens. Legumen puberulum, 
cochleatum, circiter 6-spermum. 


LXI. ROSACEA. 
1. PHOTINIA, Lindl. 


1. P. Notoniana, W. et A. Prod. i. 302; Wight, Illust. t. 86 ; Icones, 
t. 991.—c.p. 136. 


Rosacee.)} CEYLON PLANTS. 101 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000'to 7000 feet. 

The usually bilocular ovary of this plant would seem to distinguish it principally 
from Photinta integrifolia of Lindley, in which the ovary is said to be “ semper 
triloculare.” 


2. RUBUS, Linn. 
Sect. 1. Foliis pinnatis. 


1. R. lasiocarpus, Smith, (W. et A. Prod. i. 299, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 232.)—c.P. 1533, 1534. 
— B. subglaber.—R. leucocarpus, Arn. Pug. p. 16 (334); Walp. 
. li. p. 19, 
AB. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 
This species, like many other plants previously referred to, has, when growing in 
the more elevated districts of the island, somewhat larger flowers than when it 
occurs nearer the level of the sea. 


Sect. 2. Foliis 3-foliolatis. 


2. R. flavus, Ham. (Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. 234; DC. Prod. ii. 559.) 
—R. Goureephul, Roxb. ; W. et A., 1. c. 298, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, 
t. 230.—c.P. 2596. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


Sect. 3. Foliis simplicibus. 


3. R. rugosus, Smith, (W. et A. 1.c.) . 2H 

Var. a; bracteis ovatis, integris vel ad apicem plus minus inciso- 
dentatis ; fructibus parvis, rubris. Wight, Icones, t. 225.—c.P. 2765. 

Var. 8; foliis minoribus acutioribusque; stipulis bracteisque pro- 
funde capillaceo-incisis ; petalis parvis; fructibus mediocribus, atro- 
rubentibus.— R. micropetalus, Gardn. in Cale. Journ, of Nat. Hist. 
og p- 6.—c.P. a 1537. o~ Fea : ae A 

ar. y; tomento ido; folits valde coriaceis rugosisque; s is 
bracteisque plus rahi peortad incisis; paniculis densis ; calgetr tabla 
ovato-lanceclatis, conspicue dentatis; fructibus mediocribus, atro-san- 
guineis.— R. Fairholmianus, Gardner, l.c. p. 5.—c.P. 134. 
_ Var. 8; aculeis brevibus ; stipulis bracteisque plus minus profunde 
incisis vel inciso-dentatis; paniculis paucifloris; floribus majoribus ; 
petalis calyce subequilongis; fructibus majoribus nigris.—R. macro- 
ay Gardner, |. c. p. 7.—c.p. 1535. 

. Var. a. Not uncommon at an elevation of 1000 to 5000 feet. 

Var. 8. Rambodde, at 5000 feet. Var. y. Bopatalawe Plains (Gardner), 
and Oova District, at 6000 feet. Var. d. Newera Ellia, etc., at 6000 to 
7000 feet. 

The most characteristic forms of the above varieties might, in a less variable 
genus, pass very well for species; but, after an examination of numerous speci- 
mens, I find it @uite impossible to draw up such distinctive definitions of them as 
could with propriety be considered specific, and therefore think it safer to describe 
them as forms of one variable species, which I believe them to be. 


3. POTENTILLA, Linn. 


1. P. Mooniana, Wight, Icones, t. 233.—? P. polyphylla, Wall. Cat. 
1026; Lehm.; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 30.—c.P. 2767. 


102 ENUMERATION OF [ Rosaceae. 


Has. Horton Plains, at an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Herba perennis, stolonifera. Caules suberecti, elongati, patentim pilosi. Folia 
interrupte pinnata, pilosa. Foliola numerosa, (majora pang minora orbicularia,) 
subsessilia, acute dentata, subtus pallidiora, costa venisque longe adpresse pilosis. 
Achenia \eevia. 

In my specimens of this plant the bracteole are entire and smaller than the 
calyx-lobes, and not, as in Dr. Wight’s figure, larger and toothed. P. polyphylla, 
Wall., would seem to differ principally in being quite glabrous and in the leaflets 
being crenately and not acutely toothed. P. splendens, Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. p. 230, 
is evidently closely allied to these. 


2. P. Kleiniana, W. et A. Prod. i. 300; Wight, Illust. t. 85.—o.P. 


2768. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 


4. AGRIMONTA, Tournef. 


1. A. Eupatoria, Linn. (Wight, Icon. t. 224.)—A. Zeylanica, Moon’s 
Cat. p. 37.—c.P. 2769. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 


5. ALCHEMILLA, Tournef. 


1. A. vulgaris, Linn. (Wight, Icones, t. 229.) 

Var. 8. sarmentosa.—A. Indica, Gardner, in Cale. Journ. of Nat. 
Hist. vol. viii. p. 8.—c.p. 2770. 

Has. Cen Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet; not 
uncommon. 


6. POTERIUM, Linn. 


1. P. Indicum, Gardner, in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. viii.p. 10; 
“caulibus angulatis, basi ferrugineo-villosis; foliolis ovatis, obtusis, 
grosse dentato-serratis, basi subcordatis ; ¢nferioribus multo minoribus ; 
capitulis polygamis ; bracteis ciliatis; calycibus fructiferis osseo-indu- 
nekis. polirulatosraEnlons, 4-angularibus ; angulis alatis.” Gardner.— 
C.P. . 

Has. “ Adam’s Peak, 1835. Mr. Alwis,” Gardner. 

I have searched in vain for this plant in my visits to Adam’s Peak, and Mr. 
Alwis has now no vivid recollection of gathering it there. The specimens in this 
Herbarium are in a very imperfect condition, and bear a considerable resemblance to 
P. Sanguisorba, Linn. 


7. PYGEUM, Gertner. 


1. P. Ceylanicum, Gertn. Fruct. i. 218. t. 46.— P. Walkerit, 
Blume ; Walp. Ann. iv. 642.—Polyodontia? Walkerii, Wight, Ilust. 
Lae! Pygewm acuminatum, Colebr. Linn. Tr. xii. 360. t. 18.—c.P- 

Has. Warm, moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 3000 
feet. Nom. vulg.  Kankoombalakattey’-gasa™ * Gal-mora-gass.”” 

Arbor majuscula. Folia 4-7 poll. longa, 2-3 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 4 poll. 
longo. Racemi foliis breviores. Drupa brevi-tomentose, denique subglabree. 

2. P. Wightianum, Blume, Walp. 1. c.—Polyodontia ? lanica, 
Wight, l.c.; Icones, t. 256.—c.r. 638. o ~ 


Combretacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 10 


Var. 8. parvifolium.—P. parvifolium, Gardn. MSS.—c.P. 1596. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 8000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Oonoonoo-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Folia ovata vel ovato-lanceolata, brevi-acuminata, glabra, 14-5 
poll. longa, $—23 poll. lata, petiolo 24-4 lin. longo. Racemi pilosi, foliis breviores, 
Drupe glabree, transverse oblonge. 


The ripe seeds of this and of the preceding species have, when bruised, a very 
powerful odour of prussic acid. 


LXII. COMBRETACEZ., 


1. COMBRETUM, Loffl. 


1. C. Wightianum, Wall. (W. et A. Prod. i. 317; Wight, Icones, 
t. 227.)—c.P. 1601, 1602. 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kadoorookettya-wel.” 


When growing on the hills, this plant has somewhat larger flowers than when it 
occurs near the level of the sea. 


2. LUMNITZERA, Willd. 


1, a. racemosa, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 316, cum syn.)—c.p. 1594. 
Has. Seacoast; not uncommon. Nom. vulg. “ Baireya-gass.” 


3. CONOCARPUS, Gertner. 


1. C. latifolia, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 316, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 994. )— Anogeissus, Wall.—c.P. 1220. ‘ : 

Has. Open, grassy places, in the district north of Kandy, up to an 
elevation of 1500 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Daawoo-gass.” 


4. TERMINALIA, Linn. 
Sect. 1. Myrobalanus. 


1, 'T. Belerica, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 313, cum syn.)—c.P. 1605. 

Has. Open; grassy places, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Booloo-gass.’ 

2. T. Chebula, Retz, (W. et A., l. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1604. 

Has. Similar places with the last. Nom. vulg. “ Araloo-gass.” 


The drupes of this and of the preceding species are much valued as a medicine, 
and are sold in the bazaars. 


3. T. parviflora, Thw. ; foliis suboppositis, oblongis, abrupte acumi- 
natis, integris, glabris, sabes eiarmbanadsabs reticulatis petioloque eglan- 
dulosis ; spicis pilosulis, terminalibus, paniculatis, foliis subequilongis ; 

is ovoideis, carnosis, subpentagonis; putamine profunde lateque 
5-sulcato.—c.p. 618, 646. : 
_Has. Margins of woods in the Central Province, up to an elevation 
of 4000 feet; abundant in the Ambagamowa District. Nom. vulg. 
“ Hampalan da- gass.” 


104 ENUMERATION OF [ Melastomacee. 


Arbor magna. Ramuli petiolique juniores fugaci-ferrugineo-pilosi. Folia 3-5 
poll. longa, 14-23 poll. lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. ores parvi, albidi. Calyx 
campanulatus, brevi-dentatus, externe pilosulus, interne villosus. Drupe glabree, 
virides, pollicares. 

Sect. 2. Pentaptera. 


4. T. glabra, W. et A., 1. c. p. 314, cum syn.—c.r. 1603. : 

Has. Very abundant on the banks of rivers, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Koombook-gass.” 

In my specimens the ramuli and the under side of the young leaves are puberulous, 
furnishing an additional reason for believing Pent. tomentosa, Roxb., to be merely a 
variety of the present plant, as suspected by Dr. Wallich. 


é LXIII. MELASTOMACE. 
Sect. Melastomee. 


1. OSBECKIA, Linn. 
(Nom. vernac. “‘ Bowitteya,” ‘‘ Heen-bowitteya.”’) 
{ Floribus tetrameris. 


1. O. Leschenaultiana, DC. Prod. iii. 142; Wight, Icon. t. 996; 
Spic. Nilgh. i. t. 68; non Naudin, Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. 3. vol. xiv. 
p- 65 (quoad descript.).—O. truncata, Don; W. et A. Prod. i. 322; 
Arnott in Comp. to Bot. Mag. ii. 308; Walp. Rep. ii. pp. 135, 136. 
O. parvifolia, . L.e.; Walp. l.¢.—0. erythrocephala, Naud. 1. c. 
p. 58.—c.P. 1576 (? o.p. 284). 

‘4 Has. Abundant in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 
eet. 

A most variable species as regards the amount of pubescence and the size of the 
leaves, and I am unable to divide it into even distinct varieties, so completely do the 
several forms merge one into the other when a large series is examined. A speci- 
‘men in the Herbarium, numbered c.p. 284, is, I suspect, a hybrid between the pre- 
sent species and O. aspera, some of its flowers having eight and others ten stamens, 
with anthers much longer than those of 0. Leschenaultiana. In habit and pubes- 
cence it resembles the last-named species, but in the shape of the leaves and in 
other respects it is just intermediate between the two. 

2. O. Zeylanica, Linn. f. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; nom Naudin, Lc. © 
p- 71).—0. serialis, Naud. 1. ec. p. 67.—c.P. 1575. 

: — Amongst grass, in sandy soil: in the hot, drier parts of the 

3. O, Rheedii, Gardn. MSS.; foliis rigidis, 3-nerviis, sparse ad- 
presse setulosis, ovato-lanceolatis, basi ier sion angustatis, subtus 
pallidioribus ; floribus ternis, subsessilibus; calycis strigosi dentibus 

ibus, tubo subeequilongis ; antheris oblongis, obtusis, 1-porosis + 
connectivo infra loculos conspicue producto.—c.P. 129 (441). 

Has. Adam’s Peak, near the summit. 

Frutex parvus. Ramuli tetragoni, scabri. Folia 3-1} poll. longa, 4—7. lin, lata, 
subtus ad nervos scabra, petiolo scabro 14-2 lin. longo. Peta/a rotundata, acumi- 


nata, pallide circiter 4 lin. Ovarium. 4-loculare, loculis. circiter 
, pal purpurea, . longa. arvum. 


Melastomacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. 105 


tt Floribus pentameris. 

4. O. Walkeri, Arnott, l.c. p. 309; Walp. Rep. ii. 137.—c.r. 1571. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

5. O. buxifolia, Arnott, l.c.; Walp. l.c. 136; Naud. 1. e. p- 63.—c.P. 
1572. - 

Var. B. minor ; Joliis floribusque minoribus; calyce dense sericeo- 
villoso, nec stellatim piloso.—c.P. 2618 (forsan species distincta). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

If some of the species of this genus did not individually vary so much in the size 
of the leaves and flowers, and in the clothing of the calyx, I should withont hesita- 
tion have made a separate species of var. 8, but it bears so great a resemblance to 
var. a in all other than the above respects, that I cannot venture to divide them. 


6. ©. aspera, Blume.— Melastoma aspera, Linn. ( partim). 

Var. a; calyce setuloso, apicem versus parce squamuloso.— O. aspera, 
Bl.; W. et A., l.c. 323; Naudin, l.c. p. 74.—c.P. 1568. 

Var. 8 ; calyce setuloso, apicem versus appendiculis linearibus stellato- 
capitatis squamisque penicillatis parce ornato.—O. Kleinii, W. et A., 
le.; Arnott, 1. c. p. 309.—c.P. 1569. ; 

Var. y; floribus majoribus ; calyce sericeo-crinito ; ceteroquin ut in 
var. B.—c.P. 506 (600, 1573). 

Var. 8; foliis ellipticis, obtusiusculis, subcoriaceis ; paniculis sepe 
abbreviatis ; calyce copiosius appendiculato; eateroquin ut in var. y.— 
O. Kotigueda, Naud. |.c. 64. ? O. Wightiana, Benth. ; Wight, Icones, 
t. 998; Arnott, 1. e.—c.p. 1570. 

B. Var. a and 8. Warmer parts of the island, up to no great ele- 
vation. Var. y. Central Province, from 2000 to 4000 feet. Var. 8. 
From 4000 to 5000 feet. 

The several varieties enumerated above, so run one into another, that I do not 

~ feel justified in constituting distinct species of them. Of the plants referred to by 
Linnzeus as representing his Melastoma aspera, Herman’s would appear to be the 
only one corresponding with any form of the present: species, for the others are 
mentioned as having succulent fruit, and the one described by Burman was pro- 
bably a state of Melastoma Malabathricum. 


7. O. rubicunda, Arn. l.¢.; Walp. |.c.—0O. elliptica, Naud. 1. ec. 62. 
—c.P. 52 (208). . da 
_Var. 8; ramis patentim pilosis, hispidis ; calyce (eum appendiculis) 
hispidissimo.—0O. rubicunda, Naud. 1. ec. 
B. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

* Closely allied to the previous species, and much resembling its var. 8, and is 
Principally distinguished by its more rigid pubescence, more coriaceous leaves, and 
fewer, larger, subsessile capitate flowers. 

-8. O. Moonii, Thw.; pilosula, repens, ad_nodos radicans 3 foliis 

_ Membranaceis, ovatis, acutis, longiuscule petiolatis ; paniculis pauci- 

is, ramulos terminantibus ; bracteis rotundatis, ciliatis ; calyce 

hemispherico, appendiculis linearibus capitatis setosis, hi ido ; den- 
tibus lanceolatis, tubo zequilongis, apice appendiculatis ; antheris subu- 
atis ; connectivo ad basin parum producto.—Melastoma repens, Moon’s 
Cat. 35, non Lam.—c.p. 2800. sk 

Has. Colombo, Moon. Saffragam District, rather rare. 

Folia 3-nervia, 1-23 poll. longa, }-14 poll. lata, petio/o 2-4 lin. longo. Bractee 
I lin. longs. Flores mediocres, purpurei, pedicellis 1} lin. longis. i 


9. O. virgata, Don, (W. et A., l.c. 323; Nand. ].c. 61).—O. polyce- 
P 


106 ENUMERATION OF | Melastomacee. 


phala, Naud. 1. c. 67. ? 0. cupularis, Don ; W. et A., l.e.; Naud. le. 
61. ? 0. octandra, DC. Prodr. iii. 142, cum syn.—c.P. 507, 2619. 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
A very variable plant in the amount of pubescence upon the stems and leaves, 
and in the number of setose appendages to the calyx. 


2. MELASTOMA, Linn. 


1. M. Malabathricum, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 324, cum syn.)—M. 
ellipticum, Naud. Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. 3. vol. xiii. p. 291; Walp. 
Ann. ii. 567. UM. Royneii, Blume ; Walp. Repert. ii. 133.—c.P. 1574. 

Var. 8; ramulis scaberrimis; foliis floribusque majoribus ; calyeis 
dentibus lanceolatis, tubo longioribus.—c.P. 1574 (2692). 

Has. Var. a. Common in the hotter parts of the island. Var. B. 
Up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Bowitteya,” ‘ Maha- 
bowitteya,” ‘‘ Katakaloowa.” 

The flat scales which clothe the calyx of var. 8 are shorter and less shining than 
in var. a: both sometimes occur with pale purple flowers. ‘he fruit, when ripe, 
bursts irregularly, and exposes a dark-coloured pulp, covered with the small seeds : 


this pulp is eaten by children, and stains the inside of their mouths of a black 


colour. 


3. MEDINILLA, Gaud. 
e Triplectrum, Don, MSS., W. et A. 


1. M. maculata, Gardner in Cale. Journ. of Bot. vol. viii. p. 13 ; 
foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, subcordatis, crenatis, apice retusis ; 
brevissime petiolatis, 3-nerviis ; pedunculis axillaribus, 1-3-floris 5 


natis.—c.P. 1578. | 


floribus parvis, 4-meris ; antheris basi postice calcaratis, antice bi-un¢l- 


Var. 8. cuneata ; foliis majoribus, rotundato-cuneatis, abrupte brevi- 


acuminatis vel retusis.—c.P. 3443. (An species distincta P) 
Has. Var. a. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
Var. 8. Hellessee, Pasdoon Corle. . 

_ Frutex epiphytus. Ramuli 4-goni, angulis undulatis. Folia subearnosa, superne 
glabra, subtus pilis minutissimis glandulosis conspersa, 3-1} (var. B; 14-2) poll. 
longa, 4-12 lin. (var. 8, 4-2 poll.) lata. Pedunewli folio multo breviores. Calyx 
urceolatus, minutissime 4-dentatus, carnosus. Petala pallide rosea, subrotundata, 
reflexa, circiter 24 lin. longa. Anthere subulate. Bacce rubre. 


2. M. fuchsioides, Gardner, |. c.; foliis 3-5-nerviis, rhomboideo- 
oblongis, basi truncatulis, superne glabris, subtus sparse minutissime 
dulosis, brevissime petiolatis; pedunculis in axillis foliorum de- 


apsorum solitariis, 1-3-floris, folio multo brevioribus ; floribus pen- — 


dulis, 4-meris, petalis rotundatis, conniventibus ; antheris subulatis, 
basi 3-tuberculatis.—c.P. 138. ‘ 


Han. Newera Ellia and other most elevated parts of the Central 


Province. ie 

-Frutex epiphytus, dichotome ramosus. Ramuli teretes, cinerei. Folia 2-3 poll. 
longa, 1-14 poll. lata, subtus pallidiora, costa rubra. Inflorescentia rubra. Pef- 
celli apicem versus incrassati, basi bibracteolati. Flores pollicares. Calyx urceolatus, 
4-dentatus. Stylus filiformis. Stigma minutum, Bacea subglobose, atro-rubre, 
circiter 4 lin. in diam. 


Melastomacee. | CEYLON PLANTS, ; 107 


4. PACHYCENTRIA, Blume. 


1. P. Walkeri.— Medinilla? Walkeri, Wight, Tllust. i. 217.—M. 
Watkerii, Gardner in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. viii. p- 11; folits 
5-nerviis, oblongis vel ovato-oblongis, utrinque angustatis, obtusis ; 
jumoribus fugaci-fe ineo-furfuraceis ; floribus majusculis, speciosis, 
terminalibus, fasciculatis vel umbellatis, longe pedicellatis ; pedicellis 
basi bracteatis.—c.p. 385. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Fruter epiphytus, scandens, copiose radicans. Folia 14-8 poll. longa, 3-1} poll. 
lata, subtus pallidiora, subintegra, in plantis junioribus ciliato-dentata. Petio/i 2-3 
lin. longi. Pedicelli circiter 14 poll. longi, cum bracteis calycibusque sparse 
ferrugineo-furfuracei. Bractee oblong, obtuse, 2-3 lin. longe. Calyx ruber, 
margine expanso 4-lobo carnoso. Petala carnosa, ovato-rotundata, circiter 14 poll. 
longa, interne sanguineo-rosea, externe pallidiora. Stamina equalia, filamentis parce 
compressis ; antheris sigmoideo-subulatis, compressis, postice acute calcaratis, 4 lin. 
longis. Ovariwm calyce consolidatum, apice liberum, 4-loculare ; placentis axilibus 
pluri-ovulatis. Sty/us filiformis. Stigma minutum, Capsula unilocularis, apice 

- 4-valvis, polysperma. Semina minuta, prismatica. 

This is one of the most beautiful plants of the island, covering the trunks and 
oe of forest trees with a mantle of the most lovely rose-colour, when it is in 
ower, 


5. SONERILA, Roxb. ; 
-' + Foliis equalibus, brevi- vel mediocri-petiolatis. 


1, S. robusta, Arn. Comp. to Bot. Mag. ii. 308; Walp. Rep. ii. 122; 
Naudin, Ann. des Sc. Nat. ser. 3. vol. xv. p. 327.—c.P. 426. 

Haz. Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 

=: 3 Ss. Gardneri, Thw. ; erecta, sublignosa, hirsuta ; foliis 5—7-nerviis, 
rotundatis vel ovatis, acutis, subcordatis, serrulatis, brevi-petiolatis ; 
pedicellis 1-bracteatis ; bracteis foliaceis ; floribus majusculis; antheris 
cordato-lanceolatis, subacutis.—c.P. 63 (486). 
Has. Below Horton Plains, towards Galagama, on wet rocks, at an 
' elevation of about 5000 feet. 

Caulis teres, subsimplex, rufo-niger, glanduloso-hirsutus, 1-1}-pedalis. Folia 
2-1 poll. longa, 4-8 lin. lata, utrinque hirsuta, subtus pallidiora; petiolo 1-3 lin. 
longo, glanduloso-hirsuto. Pedicelli calyce breviores et cum eo glanduloso-hirsuti. 
— sanguineo-rubra. Capsula ovoidea, gibba, obscure 6-costata, muricato- 


3. 8. Harveyi, Thw.; erecta, sublignosa, superne ramosa, subglabra ; 
Solits rotundatis vel ovatis, Pel 7-nerviis, setuloso-denticulatis, 
bes a versus apicem prope marginem setulosis, ewteroquin glabris, basi 
subcordatis, brevi-petiolatis ; racemis parce foliaceo-bracteatis ; antheris 
breviusculis, cordato-acuminatis.—c.P. 2974. 

Has. Central Province, between Maturatte and Rambodde, at an 
. elevation of 6000 feet, Oct. 1853. - 

1-2}-pedalis, Rami 4-goni, rubro-nigri, glabri vel parcissime glanduloso-pilosi, 

nodos setosi. Fo/ia 3-10 lin. longa, subtus pallidiora ; petiolo 3-1} lin, longo, 

_ Pedicelli cixciter 6, glabri. Calyx 6-costatus, glanduloso-pilosus ; dentibus trian- 

ibus; setosis. Petata purpurea, rotundato-acuminata. 
4, $. lanceolata, Thw.; subereeta, parce ramosa, glaberrima ; foliis 
3-nerviis, lineari-lanceolatis, supra medium serrulatis, basi cordatis, 


108 ENUMERATION OF [ Melastomacee. 


brevissime petiolatis ; racemis simplicibus vel ramosis ; antheris subu- 
latis ; capsulis longiusculis et cum pedicellis incrassatis profunde 6- 
suleatis.—c.P. 3007. 
Haz. Carawitte Kanda, near Ratnapoora, at an elevation of 1000 
feet. : 

Folia 14-8 poll. longa, 8-8 lin, lata. Petala rubra, rotundata, apiculata. . 


5. &. rhombifolia, Thw.; suberecta, ramosa, glaberrima ; Soliis 3- 
nerviis, ovato- vel lanceolato-rhomboideis, utrinque acutis, incurvo-den- 
ticulatis, petiolatis ; calycis 6-costati dentibus longiusculis, acutis ; @n- 
theris subulatis.—c.P. 2799. 

Has. Hinidoon and Kokool Corles, at no great elevation. 

1-2-pedalis. Rami obscure 4-goni. Folia 4-14 poll. longa, 2-7 lin. lata, subtus 
rufescentia ; petiolo 1-8 lin. longo. Petala rubra. 

I have named this “8. g/aberrima, Arn.,” in some distributed collections, but it 
can scarcely be that species. 


_ tt Foliis plus minus inequalibus basique obliquis, longiuscule petiolatis. 


6. S. Arnottiana, Thw.; suberecta, ramosa, sublignosa ; foliis 3-5- 
nerviis, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, ciliato-denticulatis, parum ob- 
liquis inequalibusque, superne glabris, subtus parce hirsutis ; petiolo, 
cum nervis subtus, plus minus glanduloso-piloso ; racemis simplicibus 
vel sepius bifurcis, glanduloso-pilosis ; antheris cordato-oblongis, brevi- 
acuminatis.—c.P. 2615. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. ; 

1-2-pedalis. Rami plus minus glanduloso-pilosi. Folia 3-3 poll. longa, 4-10 
lin. lata, subtus pallidiora, utrinque acuta vel basi parce rotundata. Peta/a ovato- 
acuminata, purpurea, $4 lin. longa. Capsule hypocrateriformes, 6-costate, muricato- 
setosze, pedicello subequilonge. 

é aims Arn. l.c. p. 308; Walp. l.c.; Naud. lc. p. 321. 
—c.P. 173. 

Has. Adam’s Peak, on the Saffragam side, at an elevation of 5000 
to 6000 feet. 


Racemi simplices vel bifurci. Peta/a purpurea. Anthere aurantiace. : 

8. S. hirsutula, Arn. l.c. p. 307; Walp. l.c.—? S. Wightiana, Arn. 
l.e.—c.P. 276. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 

Petala pallide purpurea. 


9. S. pilosula, Thw.; suberecta, ramosa; foliis majusculis, penni- 


veniis, ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, serrulatis, utrinque brevi-pilosulis, 


basi seepissime valde obliquis, inequalibus; racemis pilosulis ; antherws 


longiusculis, cordato-rostratis ; capsulis pilosis, hypocrateriformibus, 6- — . 


nervosis ; pedicellis subequilongis.—c.P. 2687. 
Has: Saffragam District, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 


4-1}-pedalis. Rami subteretes, pilosuli. Folia 3—4 poll. longa, }—-14 poll. lata, _ 


subtus seepe purpurascentia. Peta/a rubra. 

‘This species bears considerable resemblance to 5S. versicolor, Wight, Icones, t. 
1057, but in that species the leaves are represented as scarcely oblique, the racemes 
glabrous, and the pedicels relatively shorter. 


10. S. rostrata, Thw.; herbacea, erecta, ramosa ; folus 3-5-nerviis, 
ovato-lanceolatis, dentatis vel crenato-denticulatis, glabris vel pwns. 
pilosis; antheris longis, rostrato-subulatis ; capsulis brevibus, hype- 


Pec 


. 


Melastomacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 109 


crateriformibus, 6-nerviis, pedicello subzquilongis.—? S. glaberrima, 
Arn. |. ¢.—c.P. 2644. 
Has. Hinidoon and Reigam Corles, and Ambagamowa District, at 
an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 
“- $-1-pedalis. Rami glabri, acute 4-goni. Folia 4-12 lin. longa, subtus rufescentia. 
Petala rubra, rotundato-acuminata, 4 lin. longa. 


11. S. affinis, Arn.].c.; Walp. l.c. 122.—c.p. 353. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Folia 3-5-nervia, 2-10 lin. longa. Petala pallide rosea, rotundato-acuminata, 
3 lin, longa. Anthere cordato-subulate. Capsule pedicellis breviores, costulis 
parum prominentibus. 

Closely: allied to S. rostrata and S. Ceylanica, but distinguished from the former 
by its more sharply denticulated leaves, smaller, paler flowers, and less acuminated 
anthers; and from the latter by its subulate anthers and differently-shaped, less 
prominently costate capsules. 


12. S. Ceylanica, W. et A. (Arn. l.c.; Walp. l.c.; Naud. l.c. 321.) 
—c.P. 349, 3345 (1577). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Petala purpurea vel albida. Anthere cordate, subacuminate. Capsule longe 
hypocrateriformes, prominente 6-costate. 


13. S. tomentella, Thw.; erecta, ramosa; caule, ramis, — 
racemisque brevi-tomentosis; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, ciliato-denticu- 
latis, utrinque sparse pilosis, costa venisqué subtus tomentosis ; antheris 
brevibus, aie subapiculatis ; capswlis hypocrateriformibus, setosis ; 
pedicellis equilongis.—c.P. 2616. 

Has. Fe arg District, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

3-13-pedalis. Folia 3-12 lin. longa, basi rotundata, subpennivenia. Petala 
alba vel pallide rosea, rotundata, acuta, 3} lin, longa. ; 
_ Very similar, in general appearance, to 8. Ceylanica, but easily distinguishable by 
its tomentose stems and differently shaped anthers and capsules. 
_’ 14. S. pumila, Thw.; erecta, sepe ramosissima, multiflora; foliis 
3-5-nerviis, rotundatis, ovatis vel evato-lanceolatis, ciliato-denticulatis, 
superne sparse setosis et sepissime albo-maculatis, subtus glabris 3 
racemis paucifloris, sessilibus, glabris ; floribus parvis ; antheris bre- 
vibus, obibnae, obtusis, majuscule 2-porosis ; capsulis longiusculis, 
hypocrateriformibus, 6-costatis.—c.P. 2617. : 

as. Newera Ellia and other more elevated parts of the Central 

Province. : 

1-10-pollicaris, Rami 4-goni, glabri. Folia 2-14 lin. longa; petiolo glabro. 
Petala alba. Antherarum loculi ab apice fere ad medium fissi. _ : 
_ The smaller, obtuse, large-pored anthers and less prominently costate capsules dis- 
tinguish this from §, Ceylanica and other closely allied species. 


15. S. pedunculosa, Thw.; herbacea, repens, radicans; foliis ro- 
tundatis vel ovatis, obtusis, crenatis, superne sparse villosis, subtus 
subglabris ; peduneulis elongatis, paucifloris, sparse glanduloso-pilosis ; 
Jloribus parvis; antheris cordato-acutis ; capsulis turbinatis, 6-costatis. 
—c.P. 3091: : 

Has. Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of 1000 feet. 
whet viridi-rufescentia, 3-14 poll. longa. Petala sanguinea, ovato-acuminata, 

lin. lon: 

This is vey distinct species, but my materials are not sufficient to enable me to 
give so complete a description of it as could be wished. 


110 ENUMERATION OF { Melastomacea. * > 


Marumia Zeyianica, Blume, has, I fear, no claim to be considered a native of 
Ceylon. 


Sect. Memecylea. 
6. MEMECYLON, Linn. 


1. Foliis 1-nervits vel basi sub-3-nerviis. 
+ Disco calyeino radiatim alato. 


1. M. capitellatum, Linn. (Blume, Mus: Bot. Lugd.-Bat. 1. p. 354, 
eum syn., sed “Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 76. t. 30,” vix excludend.)— 
c.P. 1564 (1565). 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 1000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Welli-kaha.” 
2. M. edule, Roxb. Cor. Pl. i. t. 82.—? M. Royneit, Blume, 1. c. 360.. | 

—c.P. 1566. 

‘Var. 8; foliis majoribus, oblique acuminatis ; paniculis elongatulis. 
—c.P. ‘ 

Var. y; foliis ee basi subrotundatis; paniculis 
etiolo longiusculo subequilongis.—? M. Heyneanum, Benth. Wight, 
p ries t. 278.—c.p. 1563. ; 

Ramuli teretes. Folia 2-6% poll. longa, 1-84 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. 
Pedicelli calyce subeequilongi. “ab. a : 

3. M. sylvaticum, Thw.; ramulis teretibus ; foliis ovatis vel ae 
ticis, subabrupte acuminatis, basi in petiolum brevissimum vel su 
nullum angustatis, coriaceis, obscure penniveniis ; paniculis brevibus, 
plus minus ramosis; pedicellis brevissimis, crassiusculis.—c.P. 1558, 
1567, 3302 (2929). 

Has. Common in forests, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 13-5} poll. longa, $-2% poll. lata. Flores eceruleo- 
purpurascentes. Bacce spheericee, atro-purpure, 4—5 lin. in diam. 

Nearly allied to M. edule, from which it differs in its more abruptly acuminated 
leaves, shorter petioles and flowerstalks, and somewhat larger flowers. 

4, M. leucanthum, Thw. ; ramulis obscure 4-gonis ; foliis subnitidis, 
rotundatis, ovatis vel ellipticis, abrupte breveque acuminatis, obtusis, 
basi acutis, brevi-petiolatis, venis primariis prominentibus ; paniculis 
parum elongatis ; pedicellis calyce Ainicis longioribus.—c.P. 1559. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 14-24 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata, petiolo 1 lin. longo. 


Flores albi, petalis reflexis. Bacce spheerice. 

5. M. rhinophyllum, Thw.; ramulis obscure 4-gonis; foliis opacis, 
eveniis, ovatis vel ellipticis, valde acuminatis, basi acutis, subsessilibus 5 
paniculis corymbosis vel umbellato-corymbosis, compactis, multifloris 5 
— tenuibus, calyce subduplo longioribus; floribus parvis.—C.?- 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. ? 

Arbor parva. Folia (acumine }-poll.) 2-3 poll. longa, $14 poll. lata, Flores 
pallide cyanes. Bacc@ spherice, atro-purpuree, 3 lin. in diam. 

6. ™. macrocarpum, Thw.; ramulis teretibus ; foliis majusculis, 
shee oo —— obtusis, basi plus minus angustatis, petiolatis; 
peduneulis brevibus; pedicellis calyce subequilongis; baccis majus- 
culis, sphericis.—c.p. 2798. . ed 


ix Melastomacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. - 111 


Has. Ambagamowa, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. 
Arbor parva. Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 24-33 poll. lata, petiolo 2 lin. longo. Bacc@ 
(immature) 8 lin, in digm. 


+t Disco calycino levi vel obscure ‘radiatim costulato. 
* Ramulis teretibus.— 


7. M. revolutum, Thw.; jfoliis coriaceis, oblongo-rotundatis, ob- 
tusis, subcordatis, marginibus revolutis, brevi-petiolatis, venis primariis 
utringue parum prominentibus; pedunculis multifloris, plus minus 
elongatulis ramosisque ; pedicellis ealyce dimidio longioribus ; floribus 
parvis.—c.p. 2975. : 4 

Haz. Rambodde, at an elevation of 5000 feet, 

Arbor parva, Folia 2-8 poll. longa, fere squilata, petiolo 1 lin. longo. Petala 
alba. Bacce nigro-purpurex, 4-5 lin. in diam. 

8. M.umbellatum, Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 87.—M. ramiflorum, Lam. 
DC. Prod. iii. p. 6 ; Wight, Illust. i. 215. t. 93. M. uwmbellatum et 
A. ramiflorum, Blume, l.c. pp. 863, 864, (quoad descript.)—c.P. 387, 
764, 1561, 1562. 

Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Cora-caha.” 

The | of this species, mixed with the wood of Morinda citrifolia and 
a Sappan, are employed by the Cinghalese for producing a permanent 

ye. 
" 9, M. angustifolium, Wight, Icones, t. 276.—c.P. 1556, 3346. 

é Has. Common onthe banks of rivers, up to an elevation of 2000 
eet. ; 
Frutex 6-8-pedalis. Folia evenia, superne nitidula, ad costam canaliculata, subtus 
opaca, pallidiora. Peduneuli ramosi, simplices vel subnulli. Peta/a cyanea. Bacce 

pisi magnitudine, niggo-purpurez. goktg? gets 

10. M. rostratum, Thw.; foliis ellipticis, abrupte rostrato-acumi- 
natis, obtusiusculis, basi acutis, rc dimaparas venosis, petiolatis ; — 
culis multifloris, brevibus vel subnullis ; pedicellis calyce 2-3-plo | 
_ Sloribus ; floribus parvis.—c.P. 1560. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia (acumine }-poll.) 14-24 poll. longa, 3-13 poll. lata, petio/o 
1} lin. longo. Petala alba. Anthere cyaner. Bacce spherice. 

ll. M. fuscescens, Thw.; oie membranaceis, hag Cara obscure 
Venosis, ovatis vel ellipticis, basi plus minus angustatis, brevissime pe- 
tiolatis ; paniculis rea parce ramosis, paucifloris; pedicellis sub- 
nullis.—c.p, 287. : 

Has. Kokool Corle, at no great elevation. 

_ Folia (acumine 4-6-lin.) 14-3 poll. longa, 6-11 lin. lata. Bacca sphrice, 4 

lin. in diam. 

12. M. macrophyllum, Thw.; foliis magnis, coriaceis, cordato- vel 

isheredaio lniceite Enemecia dione ; pedunculis brevissimis vel 
subnullis ; pedicellis brevibus.—c.P. 2685. « ee 

Has. Ambagamowa District and Pasdoon Corle, at an elevation of 
1000 to 3000 feet. : 

Folia 6-12 poll. louga, 2-84 poll. lata. Petala pallide cyanea. Bacce spherice, 
4 lin. in diam. 


» 


¢ 


112 | ENUMERATION OF [ Melastomacee. 


Closely allied to, and possibly a state of, the next species, from which it is princi- 
pally distinguished by its larger leaves cordate at the base, and shorter petioles. 


13. M. jambosoides, Wight, Illust. i. p. 215; Icones, t. 277.—c.p. 
1555, 2468, 3347. 

Has. Damp, shady places, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Petala pallide cyanea. Bacce spherice, 4 lin. in diam. 


14. M. cuneatum, Thw.; foliis coriaceis, opacis, eveniis, rotundatis 
vel oblongis, obtusis, basi cuneatis, biseiepatiolstis ; pedunculis nullis ; 
floribus confertis, brevissime pedicellatis ; calycis margine subintegro, 
alabastris acutis.—c.P. 2538. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 1-23 poll. longa, 4-1} poll. lata, petiolo 1 lin. longo. 
Petaila pallide cyanea. Bacce spheerice. 

15. M. orbiculare, Thw.; foliis coriaceis, subnitidis, orbicularibus, 
obscure obtuseque acuminatis vel retusis, brevissime petiolatis, venis 
primariis vix conspicuis ; pedunculis brevibus vel subnullis; pedicellis 
calyce subequilongis.—c.p. 3441. 

tas Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of 1000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 14-2 poll. longa. Petala cyanea. 

16. M. ovoideum, Thw.; foliis majusculis, valde coriaceis, opacis, 

_ obovato-rotundatis, retusis, subsessilibus ; pedunculis subnullis ; pedi- 
ane coger confertis, calyce subequilongis ; baccis ogoideis.— 
c.P. 2621. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 
4000 to 5000 feet. : 
Arbor parva. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 13-8 poll. lata. Bacce 6 lin. longe, 4 lin. 

_ late, nigro-purpureee. ; 


** Ramulis tetragonis. Ze 

17. M. ellipticum, Thw. ; /oliis nitidulis, ellipticis#abrupte rostrato- 
acuminatis, obtusis, basi rotundatis vel parce angustatis, inconspicue 
venosis, brevissime petiolatis; pedunculis brevissimis vel subnullis; 
pedicellis confertis, calyce ee: 3479. 

Has. Singhe Rajah Forest, between Galle and Ratnapoora, at no 
great elevation. t , 

Arbor parva. Folia (acumine }-poll.) 2-3 . longa, 14-14 poll. lata ; petiolo 
$ lin. longo. Petala albida. = ee i“ 

‘18. M., elegantulum, Thw.; foliis lanceolatis, longe acuminatis, ob- 
tusiusculis, basi plus minus angustatis, brevissime petiolatis, obscure 
venosis ; paniculis filiformibus, subelongatis, parce ramosis, paucifloris ; 
pedicellis subsolitariis, calyce dimidio longioribus.—c.P. 2684. 

Has. Saffragam District, at no great elevation. 

Folia (acumine }—}-poll.) 2-8 poll. longa, 6-8 lin. lata. Flores albi. Bacce 
spheericee, pisi magnitudine. 

19. M. varians, Thw. ; foliis opacis, brevi-petiolatis, obscure venosis ; 
pedunculis brevibus vel parum.elongatis; floribus capitellatis; brevis- 
sime pedicellatis. - . eo 

ar. a. acwminatum ; foliis ovatis vel ellipticis, acuminatis, basi acutis. 
— 2927. 

ar. B. rotundatum ; foliis rotundatis vel oblongis, utrinque obtusis- 
—c.P. 2959 (170). ¢ = * 


a 


Melastomacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 113 


Has. Central Province. Var. a. At an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 
Var. 8. At 4000 to 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 1-8 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, petiolo 1-14 lin. longo. 
Petala cyanea vel raro albida. Bacce spheric, 3-4 lin, in diam. 

20. M. parvifolium, Thw. ; foliis coriaceis, opacis, eveniis, rotundatis 
vel oblongis, obtusis retusisve, basi cuneatis, brevi-petiolatis ; pedun- 
ahs brevissimis vel subnullis ; floribus capitellatis, subsessilibus.—c.P, 

55. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia }—1 poll. longa, 3-8 lin. lata, petiolo 4-1 lin. longo. Petala 
albida. Bacce spherice. 

Nearly allied to, and possibly a variety of, the preceding, from var. 8 of which it 
differs principally in its leaves being cuneate at the base and a good deal smaller, 


*** Ramulis 4-alatis. 


21. M. Hookeri, Thw. ; foliis majusculis, cordato-lanceolatis, acumi- 
natis, sessilibus, subtus costa et venis primariis intramarginalique valde. 
prominentibus ; pedunculis brevibus vel subnullis ; pedicellis longius- 
culis.+c.P. 2686. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, in shady forests, on the banks of streams, 
at an elevation of 1000 feet. 

_, Frutez erectus, parce ramosus, 8-12-pedalis. Folia 6-12 poll. longa, 14-3 poll, 
lata. Petala cyanea. Bacce spheericze, 4 lin. in diam., rufescentes, denique nigro- 
purpurese, 

22. M. Wightii, Thw.—? MV. amplexicaule, Wight, Icon. t. 279 (vix 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. 260.)—c.P. 2570. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet, 

Arbor parva. Folia subnitida, cordato-lanceolata, plus minus acuminata, obscure 
venosa, 2-5 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, petiolo 1 lin. longo, Pedunculi brevissimi 

Vel subuulli. Pedicelli conferti, longiusculi. Petala cyanea. Bacce spherice, 
8-4 lin. in diam, 

The shape of the leaves and smaller size of the fruit seem to preclude the possi- 
bility of the present being Roxburgh’s plant; and the winged ramuli and petioled 
leaves of our plant do not agree with Dr. Wight’s description of his species, though 
his figure quoted above bears a very considerable resemblance to it, 

2. Foliis trinerviis. 
23. M. Arnottianum, Wight, Siesta eapitellata, Arn, 
- 17. (835); Walp. Rep. i. 182.—c.P. ] F aes 
B. Hinidoon aad Panties Corles, and Saffragam District, at no 
great elevation. ’ ime 

Frutex vel arbor parva, 10-12-pedalis. Ramuli teretes. Folia 1-4 poll. longa, 
4-2 poll. lata, ae rufescentia. Capitel/a 3-5-flora, longe pedunculata. Petala 

bida. Bacce spherice, pisi magnitudine, nigro-purpures. 7 ; : 

24. M. Gardneri, Thw.; ramulis junioribus anguste 4-alatis ; foliis 
opacis, pellucido-punctulatis, rotundatis, ellipticis vel rhomboideo-ob- 
longis, abrupte breveque acuminatis, obtusis retusisve, basi in petiolum 
oe angustatis ; capitellis 3-plurifloris, brevi-pedunculatis vel sessi- 

——-©.P, ‘2387, 

Has. Central Proviuce, at an elevation of 2000 to 5000 feet. 

4rbor parva. Folia 1-8 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata, pediofo 1 lin. longo. Flores 
abi. Buacca spheric, pisi magnitudine, nigro-purpurez, 4 


114 ENUMERATION OF ' Myrtacee. 


LXIV. MYRTACEZ. 


1. MYRTUS, Tournef. 
Sect. Rhodomyrtus, DC. 


1. M. tomentosa, Ait. (W. et A. Prod. i. 328, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 522; Illust. ii. 18. t. 97* or 122. f. 3.)—c.P. 1591. 


Has. Common in the Central’ Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 
8000 feet. . 


2. EUGENIA, Linn. 


1. E, Willdenovii, DC. Pr. iii. 265, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 
545.—c.p. 1586. 


Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Tambaleya-gass.” : : 
2. E. bracteata, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 331, cum syn.)—c.P. 1590. 
Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 
This is, as remarked by Dr. Wight, very closely allied to the preceding species, 
from which it differs principally in its smaller flowers and wider leaves, with shorter 
petioles. They may possibly prove to be forms only of one species. 


3. EB. terpnophylla, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, 
longe acuminatis, basi plus minus angustatis ; junioribus cum ramulis 
inflorescentiaque ferrugineo-pilosis.—c.P. 2623. 

Var. 8; foliis subtus plus minus breviter rufo-pilosis. : 

Has. Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, and Reigam Corle, 
up to no great elevation. : 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli teretes. Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 4-2 poll. lata, petiolo 
4-4 poll. longo. Pedunculi axillares terminalesque, breves, pauciflori. Pedicelli 
petiolo subeequilongi. Petala alba, lobis calycinis rotundatis duplo longiora. Bacce 
spheericee, puberule, cerasi parvi magnitudine. : 

4. E. ameena, Thw.; JSoliis sessilibus, cordato- vel ovato-lanceolatis, . 
acuminatis, glabris, subtus reticulatis ; Jloribus seepissime terminalibus, 
subfasciculatis ; pedicellis folio multo brevioribus.—c.P. 3439. 

eet Kokool Corle and Dolosbage District, up to an elevation of 
1500 feet, : 

Arbor parva. Ramuli teretes. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata. Pedi- 
celli 7-10 lin. longi, raro breviores. Petala 4, alba, oblonga, circiter 3 lin. longa, 
lobis calycinis rotundatis longiora. 

5. KE. Mooniana, Wight, Illust. ii. 13; Icones, t. 551.—c.P. 11, 365 
(77, 733, 1581, 2451). ie 

Var. 8 ; foliis subsessilibus, rotundatis, acuminatis ; floribus sessilibus. 
—c.P, 2803. (An species distincta P) 2 
= Has. Abundant in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 
- feet. : 

_ A most variable species in the shape of the leaves and the length of the petioles 
and flower-stalks. Var. 8 may possibly prove to be a distinct species, but I am dis- 
posed at present to consider it only a variety. 

6. EB. mabeoides, Wight, Ilust. ii. 13.—c,p. 445, 1588 (2693). 

Has. Central a at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


~ 


Myrtacee.| CEYLON PLANTs. 115 


Folia 34-2 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, dense glanduloso-punctata,  Bacce 
spheerice, cerasi parvi magnitudine. - : 

7. E. floccifera, Thw.; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis ; ju- 
nioribus cum ramulis inflorescentiaque dense fulyo-tomentosis ; pedi- 
cellis axillaribus, brevibus, fasciculatis ; calycis lobis 4, lanceolatis, tubo 
multum longioribus.—c.p. 463. 

Has. Reigam Corle, at no great elevation. : 

Arbor parva. Ramuli teretes. Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, petiolo 83-4 
lin. longo. Petala alba, 4 lin. longa, lobis calycinis zequilonga. 

8. EB. fulva, Thw.; foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, abrupte brevi-acu- 
minatis, basi rotundatis, superne levibus, subtus venosis; junioribus 
cum ramulis inflorescentiaque fulvo-tomentosis ; Jloribus axillaribus 
caulinisque parvis, sessilibus, confertis.—c.P. 3008. 

B. Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. 

Arbor parva, ramulis teretibus. Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 24-8 poll. lata, petiolo 
4 lin. longo. : 

9. E. rivulorum, Thw.; foliis majusculis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
basi_angustatis, subtus minutissime fulvo-pilosis, denique yglabris 
Joribis majusculis, sessilibus, axillaribus caulinisque ; calycis externe 
pilosi lobis 4, rotundatis, tubo eequilongis.—c.p. 3440. 

Has. Banks of streams, in the Singhe-rajah forest, between Galle 
and Ratnapoora, at no great elevation. 

Arbor parva. Ramuli teretes. Folia 10-14 poll. longa, 3-43 poll. lata, petiolo 
cireiter $ poll. longo. Petala oblonga, pallide purpurea, 5 lin. longa. ~ 


10, BE. decora, Thw.; foliis oblongis, acuminatis, basi rotundatis, 
_ glabris, superne nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, minute reticulatis ; Jloribus 
sessilibus, confertis, axillaribus caulinisque ; baccis transverse oblongis, 
ie “ie 3545. 
- Near Galle, at no great elevation. 
__ Arbor parva, ramulis teretibus. Folia 4-5 poll. longa, circiter 2 poll. lata, 
agen 4 lin. longo. Flores albi. Bacce rubro-nigrescentes, 6 lin. in alt., 8 lin. in 
.» Max, 
When one seed only is produced, the berry would be no doubt spherical, and 
Perhaps this will prove to be the most usual form, 


3. JAMBOSA, Rumph. 


1. J. aquea, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. 332, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, : 
*t. 216.)— Eugenia (J) aquea, Wight, Illust. ii. p. 14. Eug. sylvestris, 
Moon’s Cat. p. 38.—c.p. 418 (609). a 

Has. Abundant in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-jambo-gass,” 

This species varies a good deal in the length of the calyx-tube and in the colour of 
the flowers, which latter are either of a pale-purple or more commonly of a deep- 
crimson colour, 

2. J. eylindrica.— Fug. (J.) cylindrica, Wight, Icones, t. 527, et 
forsan' E. (J.) pauciflora, Wight, Ie. t. 526.—c.P. 601. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, up to an elevation of 3000 feet.: 


4rbor mediocris. Petala alba urascentia. Bacce subspherice, urceolate, 
6-8 lin. in diam, Men poets 


116 ENUMERATION OF [ Myrtaceae. 


4, STRONGYLOCALYX, Blume. 
Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. i. p. 89. . 

1. S. hemisphericus, Bl. 1.c. 90.—Eug. (J.) hemispherica, Wight, 
Tllust. ii. p. 14. t. 97* or 122. fig. 8; Icones, t. 525.—c.p. 2450, 2540, 
3438. 

Has. Central Province and Kokool Corle, up to an elevation of ' 
4000 feet. 


Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata. Petala alba. Bacce 
spheerice, circiter 1 poll. in diam. 


5. SYZYGIUM, Gertn. 


+ Cymis ad foliorum delapsorum axillas. 
1. S. earyophyllifolium, DC.—Eug. (S.) caryophyllifolia (E. (S.) 
Jambolana? var. microcarpa]|, Wight, Icones, t. 553. Eug. caryophyl- 


lifolia, Lam.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii, p. 486. Calyptranthes Cumini, Moon’s 
Cat. p. 39.—c.P. 1584. i 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ma- 
dang-gass.”” 

The fruit, which is of about the size of a pea, is eaten by the Cinghalese. 

2. S. polyanthum.— Hug. (S.) polyantha, Wight, Ilust. ii. p. 17; 
Icones, t. 543. An Syz. balsameum, Wall. ight, Ill. ii. p. 16? 
Calypt. caryophyllifolia, Moon’s Cat. p. 39.—c.P. 2801. 

4B. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Batta-~ 
domba-gass.” , 
Arbor magna. Bacce spherice, nigrescentes, cerasi parvi magnitudine. 
The leaves of this species are larger than those of the preceding species, with far 


fewer and more distant primary veins, and shorter petioles; the flowers also are 
larger. The fruit is not eaten, raises: 


tt Cymis terminalibus axillaribusque. 
* Ramulis junioribus teretibus. 
3. S. cordifolium.— Fug. (S.) cordifolia, Wight, Illust. ii. p. 165 
Icon. t. 544.—c.P. 350, 2622. 


Has. Near Cattura, Moon ; Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, 
up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


_ Bacce subspherice, pollicares.. +* 
oo S. montanum.— Hug. (S.) montana, Wight, Icon. t. 1060P—c.P- 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
_ My specimens bear considerable resemblance to Dr. Wight’s figure, but they are 
im too imperfect a state to enable me to feel certain they are identical with his 
species. . 

5. S. sylvestre.— Fug. (S.) sylvestris, Wight, Icon. t. 532. Calyp- 
tranthes Jambolana, Moon’s Cat. p- 39.—c.P. 2862. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Aloo- 
bo-gass.”” 

Arbor magna. Bacce sphierice, nigro-purpurez, circiter } poll. in diam. 

6. S. assimile, Thw. ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis vel obovatis, plus minus 


~ 


Myrtaceae.) “CEYLON PLANTS. 117 


abrupte acuminatis, basi angustatis vel rarius rotundatis, petiolatis ; 
cymis ad apices ramulorum confertis, folio dimidio brevioribus ; baccis 
sphericis.—An Eug. (S.) Arnottiana, Wight, Icon. t. 999, varietas ?— 
c.P. 46, 634, 2449 (291, 1582, 2495). : 
poe Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet, in open 
places. 
_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. 
Bacce atro-purpuree, circiter $ poll. in diam. 

This closely resembles in general appearance Dr. Wight’s figure of Zug. (S) 
Arnottiana, quoted above, but the petals in our plant seem generally to fall off with- 
out expanding, and the fruit is spherical instead of being oblong. 

7. S. Neesianum, Arn. Pug. (335) 17.—Eug. (S.) Neesiana, Wight, 
Icon. t. 533; Illust. ii. p. 15. Calyptranthes cordifolia, Moon’s Cat. 
P: 39. An Myrtus androsemoides, Vahl, Fl. Zeyl. n. 184? —c.p. 

35 (763). ; 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Panookaara-gass.” 

8. S. earyophylleum, Gertn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 329.)—Hug. (S.) 
caryophyllea, Wight, Llust. ii. p. 15; Icones, t. 540.—c.P. 1583. 

AB. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “‘ Dang- 
gass.” : 
The berries, which are of about the size of a pea, are eaten by the Cinghalese. 

9. S. revolutum.— Fug. (S.) revoluta, Wight, Ilust. ii. p. 17 ; 
Tcones, t. 534.—o.P. 2521. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

+ Arbor medioeris. Ramuli aliquando obscure tetragoni. -Bacce spherice, rubi- 
ginosee, cerasi parvi magnitudine. 

10. S. micranthum, Thw. ; foliis ovatis vel ellipticis, obtuse rostrato- 
acuminatis, venosis, obscure punctulatis, _basi angustatis, tiolatis ; 


eymis folio subsequilongis ; floribus parvulis ; calyce acute 4-dentato.— __ 


c.P. 1580. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
Arbor medioeris. Folia (acamine 4-$ poll. longo) 2-4 poll. longa, ¢-2 poll. lata, 
- petiole 2-5 lin. longo. Bacc@ spherice, rubiginose, pisi magnitudine. 

11. S. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, rostrato-acuminatis, 
brevissimis, subtus delicatule parallelo-venosis, : pellucido-punctatis ; 
cymis folio brevioribus ; calyce obscure 4-dentato.—c.P. 2496. + 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 
Ps medivcris. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 1-1 poll. lata, petio/o tenui 4-5 lin. 

go. 

** Ramulis junioribus tetragonis. 

12. S. lissophyllum, Thw. ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, lz- 
Vissimis, subtus delicatule venosis, punctulatis ; cymes folio sepissime 
longioribus ; dentibus calycinis brevibus, rotundatis.—An Eug. (8S) 
eymosa, Liam.” Wight, Icon. t. 555 ?—c.P. 2452, 2453. 

Has. Forests in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 
5000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 14-3 poll. longa, 6=13 lin. lata, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. 

Closely resembling the preceding species in the shape and venation of the leaves, 
but these are smaller and more shortly petioled in the present plant, which | is more- 
over at once distinguished from the other by its quadrangular ramuli. Zug. (S) 


118 ENUMERATION’ OF [ Myrtaceae. 


toddalioides, Wight, Icon. t. 542, must be very closely allied to this, but the 
longer-pedicelled flowers would seem, judging from the figure, sufficient to prove it 
distinct. 

13. S. umbrosum, Thw.; foliis ovatis, breve et obtuse acuminatis 
vel retusis, basi angustatis, utrinque levissimis, subeveniis ; cymis folio 
longioribus.—c.P. 2539. 

Has. Open, grassy places in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
5000 to 6000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, ramosissima. Folia 1-2 poll. longa, 6-10 lin. lata, petiolo 
14-2 lin. longo. : : ee 
Differs from the last in the shape and venation of the leaves: the inflorescence of 

the two species is very similar. . 

14, S. spathulatum, Thw.; foliis parvis, spathulato-obovatis vel 
lanceolatis, obtusis, superne nitidis, subtus opacis, parce parallelo- 
venosis, dense glanduloso-punctatis ; eymis folio subzequilongis vel bre- 

vioribus ; ibus parvis, brevi-pedicellatis—c.p. 2493 (2494). 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 1-1% poll. longa, 4~8 lin. lata, petiolo 1-1} lin. longo. 
Bacce spherice, rubro-nigrescentes, pisi magnitudine, _ 

Apparently closely allied to S. rubiginosum, W. et A. Prod. i. 330. 

15._S. calophyllifolium.— Fug. (§.) calophyllifolia, Wight, Icones, 
t. 1000.—c.P. 160. 

Has. Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 

16. S. sclerophyllum, Thw.; foliis parvis, valde coriaceis, obovatis 
vel subrotundatis, sessilibus, cordatis, superne glabris, subtus venosis ; 
costa ad basin incrassata; cymis folio sube uilongis.—c.P. 274. . 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation o 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 5-12 lin. longa, 4-10 lin. lata, Bacce spheriee, 
nigrescentes, cerasi parvi magnitudine. 

17. S. rotundifolium, Arn. Puc. 335) 17.—Eug. (S.) rotundifolia, 
Wight, Illust. ii. p. 17.—c.p. 1587" — — . 

AB. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia orbicularia, obtusissima vel obscure acuminata, basi subcor- 
data vel parum angustata, 4-8 lin. longa, petiolo 4-12 lin. longo. Bacce spherice, 
rubro-nigrescentes, cerasi parvi magnitudine, 

Nearly allied to the preceding, but I think certainly distinct. 

18. S. oliganthum, Thw.; foliis parvis, obovatis, obtuse brevi-acu- 
minatis vel retusis, basi angustatis, leviter venosis, punctatis; capitulis 
paucifloris, brevi-pedunculatis, terminalibus.—c.p. 452 (588). 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 4-10 lin. longa, 3-6 lin. lata, petiolo 1 lin. longo, Bacce — 
spheric, rubro-nigrescentes, pisi maguitudine. 


6. ACMENA, DC. 


1. A. Zeylanica.— Lug. (A) Zeylanica, Wight, lust. ii. p. 15, cum 
syn.; Icones, t. 73.—0c.P. 56, 380 (470, 1579). 
B. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island, up to no great 
elevation. Nom. vulg. “ Marang-gass.” 
Arbor mediocris. Folia lineari- vel ovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi angustata 
vel rotundata, dense glanduloso-punctata, 1-4 poll. longa, 14-10 lin. lata, petiole 
1-3 lin. longo. Calya valde glandulosus. 


Barringtoniacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 119 


2. A. lanceolata.—Eug. (A.) lanceolata, Wight, Illust. ii. p. 15; 
Icones, t. 530. Syzygium lanceolatum, W. et A. Prod. i. p- 330, cum 
syn. An Eugenia (A.) Wightiana, Wight, Illust. ii. p. 15; Icones, t. 
529, cum syn. P—c.p. 2863. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Kornegalle Districts, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. 


~ LXV. BARRINGTONIACE. 


1. BARRINGTONIA, Forst. 


Tt Calyce primum indiviso vel apice minute aperto, denique in lobis 2-3 longitu- 
dinaliter fisso. vi 
_ _ 1 B. speciosa, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 333, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icones, t. 547.)—c.P. 3610. 
Has. On the sea-shore, between Galle and Matura. 
2. B. racemosa, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 
152; Thomson in Linn. Soc. Journ. ii. p. 47. t. 1. fig. 3.)—c.P. 2682. 
Var. a; calyce juniore indiviso, apiculato. . 
Var. B; foliis Jloribusque minoribus, pedicellis longioribus, calyce 
Juniore ad apicem minute aperto.—B. Ceylanica, Gardn. MSS. 
Has. Warm, moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 1500 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Deya-midella-gass.” 


tt Calyce 4-lobo, lobis imbricatis. Stravadium, Juss. 
sam acutangulum, Gertn. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.p. 1592 
)- 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, up to no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg, “ Hlla-midell gais.’” ; 


2. CAREYA, Roxb. 


1, C. arborea, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. 334, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tlust. ii. p. 20, tt. 99, 100.)—c.P. 3169. : 
- Central Province, in exposed, grassy places, up to an elevation 
of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Cahaata-gass.” 
Ovula in loculis biserialia, singula dimidio inferiore membrana placentali vestita. 
The bark of this tree is very astringent, and is used medicinally and for tanning. 
In Barringtonia and Careya 1 find the young leaves furnished with very minute 
stipules, 


3. ANISOPHYLLEA, Br. 
Anisophyllum, Don. Tetraerypta, Gardner and Champion. 

1. A. Zeylanica, Benth. in Niger Flora; Hook. f. and Th. in Linn. 
Soe. Journ. ii. ». bs Eetediligeeh cinnamomoides, Gard. and Ch. in 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. i. p. 314, and v. p. 378. t. 5.—c.p. 2205. 

Has. Southern and central parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
1500 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wellapeyenna-gass.” 

Calycis lobi persistentes. Fructus indehiscens. Embryo exalbuminosus, axialis, 
cotyledonibus nullis vel subuullis. 


120 ENUMERATION OF [| Rhizophoracee. 


The structure and germination of the embryo are precisely as in Careya and 
Barringtonia, so well described by Dr. Thomson in the Linnean Society’s Journal, 
vol. ii. p. 47. 


LXVI. RHIZOPHORACEZ. 
SECT. 1. RHIZOPHOREZ. 


1, RHIZOPHORA, Linn. 
Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Cadol-gass.”’ 


1. R. mucronata, Lam. (Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat.i. p. 132, cum 
syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 238.)—c.p. 1969, 

Has. Trincomalee, Calpentyu, Gardner. N. egumbo and other parts: 
of the coast. 

This and some of the other species of the family are used for tanning. 

2. R. conjugata, Linn. (Blume, l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1968. 

Has. With the preceding, and equally common. 


2. BRUGUIERA, Lam. 


1. B. gymnorhiza, Lam. (Blume, 1. c. p. 136, cum syn.)—An quoque 
B. cylindrica, Bl. 1. ¢. p. 137, cum syn. ?—c.p. 3611 (1967, partim). 
AB. Southern coast of ‘the island. 

2. B. Rheedii, Blume, l.c. p. 138, cum syn.—B. Rumphii, Bl., and 
B. Wightii, Bl. 1. ce. cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, t. 189 _A.—c.P. 3612 (1967, 
partim). 

Has. Common near the sea-coast, Garduer, ete. 

Blume seems to have divided this genus into an unnecessary number of species, 
and it may be presumed, from the differences being so trivial, that they will all prove 
to be varieties of one variable species, i 


3. KANILIA, Blume, l.c. p. 140. 
Walp, Ann. ii. p. 528. . 
op K. caryophylloides, Bl. 1.c., cum syn.; Walp. l.c. p. 529.—c.P. 
Has. Trincomalee and Calpentyu, Gardner. 


4. CERIOPS, Arn. 


Blume, 1. c. p. 142. 


1. G, Gandolleana, Arn. (Bl. 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 240.) 
—c.P. 1966. : 
Has. Trincomalee, Gardner. Ni egombo, ete. 


SECT. 2. LEGNOTIDEZ. 
5. CARALLIA, Roxb. 
Blume, 1. c. p. 128. 
t Calyce 6-7-lobo. 
1. G. integerrima, DC. Prod. iii. p, 33; Blume, l. c. p. 129; Benth. 


- 


Lythrariacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 121 


in Linn. Journ. Bot. iii. p. 74.—C. Ceylanica, Arn. Pug. 16 (334). C. 
Sinensis, Arn. 1. c. 17 (335).—c.P. 1763, 1764. 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Dawata-gass.” 

The wood is strong, and being rather ornamental, is adapted for furniture. 


Tt Calyce 4-lobo. 

2. ©. ealycina, Benth. in Linn, Journ. Bot. iii. p- 75; foliis glabris, 
integris, ovatis, brevi-acuminatis, basi angustatis, parallelo-venosis, 
subtus punctulatis, petiolatis ; eymis axillaribus, solitariis, paucifloris, 
folio brevioribus ; calyce parum costato.—c.P. 3458. 

. Var. 8; foliis brevioribus, plus rotundatis coriaceisque.—c.P. 2588. 

Has. Var: a. Singhe Rajah Forest, between Galle and Ratnapoora, 
at no great elevation. Var. 8. Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 to 5000 feet. ‘ 

Arbor magna. Folia 14-8 poll. longa, 1-13 poll. lata, petiolo 1-8 lin. longo. 
Stipule interpetiolares circiter 8 lin. longe, cito decidue. Cyme supra medium 
parce ramose. Bracteole rotundate, retuse, sepe mucronulate, circiter 1 lin, 
longe. Flores subsessiles, 3 lin. longi. Calycis lobi tubo subeequilongi. Petala 
albida, unguiculata, margine inciso-sinuata. 


6. ANSTRUTHERIA, Gardner. 
Calentta Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vi. p. 344. t. 4, Walp. Ann. ii. p. 173, 
1. A. Zeylanica, Gardn. 1. c.—c.p. 1116. : 
Has. Galle District, Gardner. Trincomalee, Dr. W. H. Harvey. 
Dambool, ete., up to no great elevation. ; 
Apparently very closely allied to Cassipourea, Aubl. 


LXVIT. LYTHRARIACEA. 


SECT. 1, LYTHREZ. 


1. AMMANNIA, Houst. 
Subgenus 1. Diptosremon, DC., Blume. 


1, A. octandra, Linn. (Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. ii. p. 132, cum 
syn.; Walp. Ann. iy. p. 686.)—c.P. 2797. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. 


Subgenus 2. Cornetia, Blume. 


| 2. A. salicifolia, Monti, (BI. l.c. p. 132, cum syn. ; Walp. Lc. p. 687.) 
—C.P. 2796, 
_ Var. 8; foliis basi rotundatis vel cordatis.—c.p. 3296, 
Common in the.hotter parts of the island, 
My specimens of this species have all apetalous flowers. 


Subgenus 8. Hapatocarpum, W. et A. 


3. A. Indica, DC. (Bl. 1c. p. 183. t. 46 A, cum syn.; Walp. lc. 
P. 687.) —c.p. 1542 (1544). 
Has. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 


122 ENUMERATION OF | Lythrariacee. 


Subgenus 4. Seznowra, Blume. 
4, A. pentandra, Roxb. (Bl. 1.c. p. 134. t. 46 B, cum syn.; Walp. 
l.e.; Wight, Icones, t. 260 B.)—c.p. 1548. ; 
Has. Very common. 


2. AMELETIA, DC. 


1. A, Indica, DC. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 303 ; Wight, Teon. t. 257.)— 
A. Indica, Bl., and A. elongata, Bl. 1. c. 135. t. 47, cum syn. ; Walp. 
l. c. p. 686.—c.P. 1546. 

Has. Very abundant. 


Judging from the descriptions only, the two forms, constituted distinct species by 
Blume, occur occasionally on the same plant. 


3. ROTALA, Linn. 


1. R. verticillaris, Linn. (Bl. l.¢. p. 136, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 260 A.—c.P. 1547. 
Has. Very abundant. 


4, PEMPHIS, Forst. 


1. P. acidula, Forst. (Bl. lc. p. 128. t, 43, cum syn.; Walp. Le. 
p- 688.)—c.P. 1553. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


5. GRISLEA, Leff. 


1. G. tomentosa, Roxb. (BI. 1.c. p. 127. t. 45, cum syn.)—c.P. 1552. 
Has. Common in exposed places, in the Maturatte and Oova Dis- 
tricts, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


6. LAWSONTA, Linn. 


1, L. alba, Lam. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 307, cum syn.; Wight, Illust. 
i. 207. t. 87.)—o.P. 1551. 


“pe Hot, drier parts of the island: Manaar, Gardner. Batti- 
oe, 


SECT. 2. LAGERSTR@?MIE. 


7. LAGERSTRGMIA, Linn. 


1, L. Regine, Roxb. (Bl. l. c. p. 126. t. 41; Wight, Icones, t. 413.) 
—c.P. 1554. 


Has. Not uncommon in the warm, moister parts of the island, up to 
an elevation of 1500 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Mooroota-gass.” 


8. AXTNANDRA, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. p, 66. Walp. Ann. iv. p. 690. 


1, A. Zeylanica, Thw. l. c. t. 1 FE; Walp. 1. c.—c.p. 2668. 
Has. Ambagamowa District, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 


Haloragea.]| CEYLON PLANTS. 123 


SECT. 3. SONNERATIEZ. 
9. SONNERATIA, Linn. 


1, S. acida, Linn. (Blume, |. c. p. 336, cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, t. 
340.)—c.P. 1595. 

Has. Caltura, Negombo, and other places on the coast. Nom. vulg. 
* Gedde-killala-gass.” : 

Ramuli glandulis 2, parvis, disciformibus, ovalibus, paulo infra foliorum singulorum 
insertionem immersis, stipulas abortivas simulantibus muniti. 


LXVIII. ONAGRACEZ. 


1. JUSSIAA, Linn. 


1. J. repens, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 335, cum syn.)—o.P. 2793. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Bairoo-deyanella.” 

Very variable in the degree of pubescence on the foliage and capsules. 


2. J. villosa, Lam. (W. et A., 1. c. 336, cum syn.)—c.P. 2794, 3297. 
Var. 8. subglabra.—c.P. 1540. 
Has. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


2. LUDWIGIA, Roxb. 


1. L. parviflora, Roxb. (W. et A., l. c. p. 336, cum syn.)—c.P. 1539, 
3298, 3510. 

Var. 8; plus minus pubescens.—c.p. 3299. : : 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island, up to no 
great elevation. | 

2. L. prostrata, Roxb. (Fl. Ind. i. p. 420; Wight, Icon. t. 762.)— 
c.P. 2795. 2 
. Has. Caltura, Moon. 


LXIX. HALORAGEZ. 


1. MYRIOPHYLLUM, Willd. 


1, M. Indicum, Willd. (W. et A. Prod. i. 339, cum syn.)—c.P. 1549. 
Haz. Warmer parts of the island. Jaffna, ete., Gardner. 


2, SERPICULA, Linn. 


1. S. Indica, Thw.—S. hirsuta, W. et A., 1. c. 338; Wight, Tcones, 
t. 1001; Arn. Pug. 18 (336). S. brevipes, W. et A., l.c. (An Haloragis 
oligantha, Arn. l.c.; non W. et A.?)—c.p. 146, 447, 451, 1545, 2811. 

re ‘Abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 
8000 feet. 2 

Su, , glaber vel plus minus hirsutus. Fo/ia alterna, opposita vel 
waite ieee on rs reed 3s linearia, cuneata, inciso-dentata. Stamina 8, 
antheris linearibus. Fructus 8-costatus,.costis seepissime 3-tuberculatis. 


124 ENUMERATION OF [ Cucurbitaced. 


3. TRAPA, Linn. 


1. 'T. bispinosa, Roxb. (W. et A., 1. c. 337, cum syn.)-—c.P, 2932. 
Has. Tanks, in the hotter parts of the island. 


LXX. CUCURBITACE. 


TRIBE NHANDIROBEA, 
1. ZANONTA, Linn. 


1. &. Indica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 340, cum syn.; Wight, Tlust. 

ii. p. 31. t. 103.)—c.P. 1628. 
B. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

* Wal-rasakinda.” : 

LEmbryonis oblongi exalbuminosi cotyledones planz, carnose, param inzquales, 
radicula versus hilum spectante. 

I have never been so fortunate as to be able to get the female flowers of this - 
oe so cannot give an analysis of them. The Cinghalese value this plant as a 


: 2. PESTALOZZIA, Moritzi. 
Walp. Ann. i. p. 316, 


1, PB. laxa, Thw.—Zanonia lara, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 28; Walp. 
Rep. ii, p. 194; Arnott in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iii. p. 272, in adn. Z 
a Arn. Pug. 38 B (356); Walp. Le. (An Pest. pedata, Zoll. 
and Mor.; Walp. 1. c. ?)—c.p. 2582. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 8000 to 6000 feet. 

Fi. Masc. Antherarum loculi longitudinaliter dehiseentes. Fu. Fam. Ovarium 
sphericum, 3-loculare, placentis axilibus. Ovula in loculis solitaria, ab apice pen- 
dula. Sty/i 3, basi coaliti, apice divergentes, emarginati, bicuspidati. Bacce sphe- 
Tice, pisi magnitudine, 1-3-sperme. Semina exalata. 


TRIBE CUCURBITE. 
3. MELOTHRIA, Linn., Endl. 


Stamina 3, equalia, bilocularia ; Jjilamentis medio tubi insertis. 


1. M. deltoidea, Thw.—Aichmandra deltoidea, Arn. 1. c. p. 274 


Bryonia deltoidea, Arn. Pug. 19 (337).—c.P. 1610, 2581, 3128. 


ab. Common up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 
Folia deltoidea, hastata vel digitata, parce denticulata, superne calloso-scabra, 
subtus glabra vel ad nervos pilosa, 14-3 poll. longa, petiolo 3-14 poll. longo. 
Cirrhi simplices. Flores albidi, limbo expanso, 4 lin. in diam., ad faucem hirsu- 


 tissimi. Masc.: Filamenta brevia. Anthere late, dorso rufo-hirsute, loculis 


\ 


lateralibus. Glandula centralis, parva, rotundata, levis. Fu. Fem. Axillares, 
solitarii vel bini, seepe cum masculis intermixti, longiuscule pedicellati. Stamina 
abortiva 3, filiformia. Ovarium fusiforme. Stylus filiformis, basi annulo glandulari 
cinctus. : Stigma magnum, 3-lobatum. Fructus cylindricus, utrinque attenuatus vel 
fusiformis, teres vel plus minus acute 6-costatus. Semina levia, complanata, ovalia, 
albida, 14 lin. longa. 


Cucurbitacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 125 
* 


4. ZEHNERTA, Endl. 
Stamina 3, equalia, bilocularia ; filamentis prope basin tubi insertis. 

1, %. Hookeriana, Arn. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iii. p. 275.—Bryonia 
Hookeriana, W. et A., l.c. 345; Wight, Icones, t. 758.—c.r. 1613. 

Has. Very abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 
to 4000 feet. : 

2. Z. Garcini, Stocks in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. (1852) p. 149.— 
Bryonia Garcini, Willd.; W. et A., l.c. cum syn.—c.P. 1611. 

AB. Jaffna, Gardner. 2 

3. Z.umbellata, Thw.—Karivia wmbellata, Afn. 1. c.  Bryonia 
umbellata, Herb. Mad.; W. et A., l. c. cum —— 1619, 3506. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Flores albidi, ore contracti, glandula triloba, fulvo-hirsuta. Masc. Bracteole 
carnosze, a ag Connectivum rotundatum, ad apicem fulvo-hirsutum. Fam. 
Stamina abortiva 3, filiformia, truncata. Ovarium subcylindricum, versus apicem 
parum contractum. 


5. AACHMANDRA, Arn., Walp. 


Stamina 5, unilocularia, fauce inserta. 
+ Filamentis antherisque 3-adelphis. 


1, #&. epigzea, Arn. 1. c. p. 274.—Bryonia epigea, Rottl.; W. et A., 
.¢, p, 346, cum syn. ; hide t, Icones, t. 503.—c.P. 1622. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Spec, 


tt Filamentis 3-adelphis, antheris distinctis. 

2. #8. Zeylanica, Thw.; foliis oblongis vel hastato-oblongis, cor- 
datis, acuminatis vel obtusis, subintegris vel sinuatis, parce denticulatis, 
superne plus minus calloso-scabris, subtus subglabris; floridus monoi- 
e183 dentibus calycinis brevibus; corolle lobis rotundatis, acuminatis. 
Masc. Racemosis, pedunculatis. Fam. Brevi-pedunculatis; ovario 
spherico, 4—6-ovulato.—c.P. 3002, 3500. 

‘Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Folia 3-6 poll. longa, petiolo 4-14 poll. longo. Flores flavi, 3-4 lin. in exp. 
Anthere oblique patelliformes, dorso affix. Filamenta brevissima. Bacce trans- 
verse oblonge, 2—6-sperme, coccinew, circiter 6 lin. in max. diam. Semina ampul- 
liformia, parum compressa, 3 lin. in diam., nigra, zona pallida incomplete marginata. 


6. MUKIA, Arn., Walp. : 
Stamina 5, unilocularia, prope basin tubi inserta ; filamentis antherisqué 
3-4-adelphis. a5 
1, M. scabrella, Arn. 1. c. p. 276.—Bryonia scabrella, Linn.; W. et 
A., lc. p. 345, cum syn.—c.P. 1616. ; ; 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
2. M. leiosperma, Thw.—Bryonia leiosperma, W. et A., 1. c. cum 


_ 8yn.—c.P. 2700. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 5000 feet. 
_ Closely allied, as observed by Wight and Arnott, to the preceding, but I find 
m the male flowers of the present plant a rudimentary pistil, surrounded at the 
base, as in the female flowers, with a glandular annulus, whilst in Af. scabrella 
the male flowers have merely a small rounded gland at the base of the tube. 


l 


own yan 


126 ENUMERATION OF | Cucurbitacee, 
= . 


7. BRYONTA, Linn. 


1. B. laciniosa, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. 344, cum syn.; Wight, Icones, 
t. 500.)—c.P. 1606. 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


8. CITRULLUS, Neck. 


1, ©. Colocynthis, Arn. 1. c. P: 276; Wight, Icones, t. 498.— Cucumis 
Colocynthis, Linn.; W. et A., |. c. p. 342, cum syn.—c.P. 1607. 
Has. Jaffna and Batticaloa, Gardner. Nom. vulg. “ Yak-komadoo.” 


9. MOMORDICA, Linn. 


1. M. dioica, Roxb. (W. et A., 1c. p. 348, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
tt. 505, 506.)—c.p. 197 (1617). a 

Var. 8. denudata; floribus masc. et foom. parum minoribus ; bracteis 
parvis, inconspicuis.—c.P. 1615. (An species distincta ?) 

Has. Var.a. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Var. 8. 
Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Toomba-karawilla.” - 

Although the var. 8, owing to the absence of the large bractes, has a very 
different appearance to var. a, I have searched in vain for any other character of 
the least importance to distinguish them, and therefore think it safer to describe 
them as forms of one species. 

2. M. Charantia, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Icones, t. 
506 )-xiteh 1614. 

: . Common in bushy places, near native gardens, up to an eleva- 
tion of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Karawilla,” “ Battoo-karawilla.” 

The several cultivated varieties of this species are much used as a vegetable by 
the Cinghalese. 


10. LUFFA, Tournef. 
+ Antheris distinctis. 
1. L. pentandra, Roxb. (W. et A., lc. p. 343, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 499.)—c.pr. 2805. 


Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Neyang- 
ratta-coloo.” 


tt Antheris 3-adelphis. 
2. I. acutangula, Roxb. (W. et A., lc. cum syn.)—c.P. 1624. ” 
Has. Common in and near native gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Vatta-coloo. 
U have found the anthers triadelphous in all the specimens of this species i 
examin : 
The young fruit of this and of the preceding are used as vegetables by the Cin- 
ghalese, but the present one is most esteemed. 


1l, TRICHOSANTHES, Linn. 


Be ay cucumerina, Linn. (W. et A., 1. c. p. 350, cum syn.)—C-P- 2806. 
Var. 8. laciniosa.—c.v, 1620. 


Cucurbitacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 127 


Haz. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Doommaala.” 
This plant is much esteemed as_a febrifuge. 


2. T. nervifolia, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 349, cum syn.)—c.P. 1608. 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Flores albi. Fructus ovatus vel subrotundus, acuminatus, coccinens, Semina 
pauca, compressa, margine incrassato angulatoque, fusca, longe funiculata, epidermide 
coccinea vestita, 

3. T. integrifolia, Thw.; dioica, foliis glabris, subcoriaceis, integris, 
venosis, ellipticis ovatisve, acuminatis vel rarius lanceolatis, trinerviis, 
basi rotundatis vel cordatis ; cirrhis simplicibus ; floribus majusculis, 
solitariis, axillaribus ; Jructibus majusculis, carnosis, sphericis, obtuse 
brevi-apiculatis ; seminibus numerosis, compactis, horizontalibus, in 
quggne loculo 2-serialibus.—c.P. 1629. es 

. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Foha 24-6 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. Flores albidi. 
Fructus coccineus, 2 poll. in diam. | Semina levia, oblonga, obliqua, compressa, ad 
hilum truncata, apice bidentata, 6 lin. longa, epidermide nigro-viridi vestita. 

4, T. palmata, Roxb. (W. et A., lc. cum sya. 1626. : 
mye Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Titta- 

on hee 


12. GYMNOPETALOUM, Arn., Endl. 


1, G. Wightii, Arn. 1. c. p. 278; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 203.—c.r. 1625. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 
_ Flores dioici, albidi, 6-7 lin. in exp., tudo piloso 5 lin. longo. | Calycis lobi 
lineares. Petala oblonga, subacuta. Masc, Filamenta 3-adelpha, supra medium 
tubi inserta, Farm. Ovariwm fusiforme, pilosam. Stylus cylindricus. Stigmata 3, 
linearia. Fyrwetus ovalis, rostratus, coccineus, 14-2 poll. longus. Semina fusco- 
nigra, 3 lin, longa, pulpa pallide coccinea immersa. 
ar G. Zeylanicum, Arn. |.c.—Bryonia tubiflora, W. et A., l.c. p. 
Has. Trincomalee, Klein, Wight. 
_, Lhave never met with this plant, so cannot give a decided opinion as to whether 
it may or not be specifically different from the preceding. ‘The differences described 
hardly seem, in this family, sufficient to indicate more than forms of one species. 
The leaves on some of my specimens of G. Wigtii exhibit an approach in form to 
those of the present one. I find the calyx always hairy in the former, and Wight 
and Arnott describe the fruit of the latter as slightly pilose. The seeds appear to be 
the same in both. : 


13, CUCUMIS, Linn. 


1. C. pubescens, Willd. (W. et A., 1. ¢. p. 342, cum syn.)—c.p. 3534. 
Has. Common on rubbish and on oadéitlen: Nom. vulg. “ Gong- 


2. C. trigonus, Roxb. (W. et A., lc. cumsyn.? Wight, Icon. t. 497 P) 
—c.P. 1618. 

Has. Aripo and Batticaloa, Gardner. 

My specimens closely resemble Wight’s figure, but are not sufliciently perfect to 
enable me to feel quite certain as to their identity. 


128 ENUMERATION OF | Begoniacee. 


14. COCCINEA, W. et A. 


1, ©. Indica, W. et A., ].c. p. 347, cum syn.—c.p. 1609. 
Has. Common in waste places. Nom. vulg. “ Kowakka.” 


LXXI. PASSIFLORACEA. © 


1. MODECCA, Linn. 


1, M. Wightiana, Wahl. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 353, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 179.)—c.p. 1621. 

Has. Putlam, Gardner. 

2. M. palmata, Lam. (W. et A.,1.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 201.) 
—c.P. 1627. : : 
eee Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Hon- 


The root is said to be poisonous ; it is used by the Cinghalese as a medicine. 

Passiflora minima, Jacq. (P. Walkeria, Wight, Illust. ii. p. 39. t. 108), is not 
uncommon in cultivated ground, but can scarcely be considered indigenous. The 
same may be said of P. fetida, L. 


LXXIT. BEGONIACEA. 


1. BEGONIA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Hakambala.”) 


1. B. Malabarica, Dryand. in Linn. Soc. Trans. i, p. 171; P Roxb. 
FI. Ind. iii. p. 648; Rheede, Hort. Mal. ix. p- 167. t. 86. : 
_ Var. B. dipetala ; floribus dipetalis vel sepe petalis interioribus 1 vel 
2 angustis ornatis.—B. dipetala, Grah. in Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2849; 
Wight, Icon. t. 1813. Haagea dipetala, Klotzsch, Begon. Gatt. und 
Art. p. 104; Walp. Ann. iv. p. 921.—c.r. 2807. 

Flores rosacei vel albidi, 
_ There can scarcely be a doubt, I think, of this being the plant figured by Rheede. 
The one described by Roxburgh would seem to. have larger and differently shaped 
inner petals. 


Sect. Reichenheimia. 


2, B. Thwaitesii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4692. — Reichenheimia 
Thwaitesii, Klotzsch, l.c. p. 55. t. 4A; Walp. 1. c. p. 894.—c.p. 2808. _ 

Has. Hunasgiria and Matele Districts, in the Central Province, at 
an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

3. B. Wight, Icon. t. 1812.— Reichenheimia subpeltata, 
Klotzsch, 1. c.; Walp. l.c.—c.p. 2597. « 
— Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of from 3000 to 4000 
This is closely allied to the last. species, but its leaves are more angular, its pedun- 
cles longer and less hairy, flowers ae 


Cactacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 129 


Sect. Diploclinium. 


4. B. cordifolia,—Diploclinium cordifolium, Wight, Icon. t. 1816; 
Klotz. l.c. p. 71; Walp. lec. p. 904.—c.p. 3584. 

Has. On shady face in the Batticaloa and Bintenne Districts, at 
no great elevation. 

Ceylon specimens differ a little from Dr. Wight’s figure in having the petioles 
more or less pilose, and the flowers rather larger, but they closely resemble it in 
other respects, ; 


Another species of Begonia (c.P. 3460) occurs in the south of the island, but my 
specimens are too imperfect to describe from. The stem is a few inches in length, 
closely pitted with the scars of the fallen leaves, and the whole plant is covered with 
a dense red pubescence, 


LXXITI. CRASSULACEZ. 
1. KALANCHOE, Adams. 


1. K. floribunda, W, et A. Prod. i. p. 359?—c.p. 540. 

Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Glaberrima, 1}-8-pedalis. Folia ovalia, crenato-serrata, longiuscule petiolata, 
Jloralia acuta, radicalia valde obtusa. Cyme@ laxee, paniculate. Flores lutei, 
rubro-tincti. ( 

This differs from the described form of K. floribunda in being perfectly smooth. 
The branches of the cyme, too, of the present plant can hardly be called ra- 
cemiform. i 

2. K. laciniata, DC. (W. et A., I. c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1158.) 

Has. Central Province, Moon, H. de Alwis. > ee 

T have not found this species, nor are there specimens of it in this Herbarium, 
but Mr, Alwis, the draughtsman of this establishment, assures me he has seen it 
growing wild on the hills near Kandy. 


2. BRYOPHYLLUM, Salish. 


1. B. calycinum, Salish. (W. et A., lc. cum syn.)—c.P. 541. 
Has. Not very hiner up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Akka-paana,” “ Rata-gowa,” Said to have been introduced. 


LXXIV. CACTACER, 
1. RHIPSALIS, Gertn. 


1. R. Cassytha, Gaertn. (DC. Prod. iii. p. 476.)—c.P. 2976. 

Has. Not uncommon ; Fae rocks and trees throughout the Central 
Province, and certainly indigenous. 

Rami teretes. Flores albidi. Calycis segmenta 4-5, acuta, valde ineequalia, apice 
Tubro-tineta. Petala 5-6, oblonga, obtusa. Stamina circiter 20. Ovarium incom- 
Plete 3-4-loculare, pluri-ovulatum. Sty/us simplex. Stigma 3-4-lobatum. Bacea 
ovalis, albida, subtranslucens, pisi parvi magnitudine. Semina oblonga, nigra, nitida, 
Meonspicue striata 

s 


130 ENUMERATION OF [ Umbellifere. 


LXXV. SAXTFRAGACEA. 


1. VAHLIA, Thunb. 


1. V. oldenlandioides, Roxb. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 364, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Icon. t. 562.)—o.P. 1686. 
AB. Hot drier parts of the island. 


2. 'V. viscosa, Roxb. (W. et A.,1.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 563.) 


—c.P. 1687. 
Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


LXXVI. UMBELLIFERA. 


1. HYDROCOTYLE, Tournef. 


1. Hi. Asiatica, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 366, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Icon. t. 565.)—? H. lurida, Hance in ‘Walp. Ann. ii. 690.—c.P. 2810. 

Has. Very abundant up to the most elevated parts of the island. 
Nom. vulg. “ Heen-gotoocola.” Used by the Cinghalese as an anthel- 
mintic. 

2. Hi. Javanica, Thunb. (DO. Prod. iy. p- 67.)— H. Nepalensis, 
Hook. Ex. Fl. i. t. 30.. H. Ze lanica, et var. 8B Heyneana, DC. 1.¢. 
HI. polycephala, W. et Bail. 6cd Wight, Icon. t. 1003.—c.p. 1634. : 

ar. 8; foliis, petiolis pedunculisque plus minus villosis, pedicellis 
pmety maturo «quilongis——An H. globata, Blume, Bijd. p. 883 ?>—o.P. 

Has. Var. a. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var. 
B. In the more elevated parts of the island, up to 7000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Maha-gotookola.” 

3. Hi. nitidula, Rich. (Hook. 1. c. t. 29; DC. 1.c. p. 66).—H. rotun- 
difolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii, p- 88; Wight, Icon. t. 564. An H. ranun- 
culoides, L., var. incisa, Blume, 1. c. p. 884?—c.p. 1635. 

- Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 


- 


Folia subtus villosula, Fructus brevissime pedicellati, mericarpiis glabris ad la- — 


tera 1-costata. 


2. SANICULA, Tournef. 


1s. Europea, L., var. elata.—S. elata, Ham.; W. et A.,1.c. p. 367, 
cum syn.; Wight, Icon. tt. 334 et 1004.—c.p. 2813. 
Has. Newera Ellia and Maturatte. 


3. HELOSCIADIUM, Koch. 
1. H. Heyneanum, DC. (W, et A., le. p. 368, cum syn.)—Sium 
triternatum, Moon, Cat. p. 22.—c.p. 182. 


Has. Four Corles, Moon. Very abundant in the Oova District, up 
to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-asamodagan.” 


Araliacee.} CEYLON PLANTs. : 131 


4, PIMPINELLA, Linn. 


1. P. Leschenaultii, DC. Pr. iy. p. 122; W. et A., le. p-3; Wight, 
Icon. t. 1005.—c.P. 515 (530). 

Has. Between Horton Plains and Galagama, Gardner. Bopatalawa 
Plains, at an elevation of 6000 feet. 

Caulis 1-4-pedalis, pilis deflexis hirsutus. Folia radicalia caulinaque cordato- 
orbicularia vel subdeltoidea, grosse dentata, superne glabra, subtus pilosula. Umdbelle 
Tadii seepissime 12-20, involucro nullo. Umbeliularum radii 15-20, involucellis 
circiter 6-phyllis. Flores albi. 

My specimens of what I believe to be this species, are somewhat intermediate be- 
tween those described by De Candolle and Wight and Arnott, and the P. Candol- 
leana of the latter authors, but agree most essentially with the former in the cha- 
racter of the fruit, and in the leaves being glabrous above. Are they all forms of 
one species ? 


5. BUPLEURUM, Tournef, 


1, B. faleatum, Linn., var.—B. ramosissimum, W. et A.,1.¢. p. 370; 
Wight, Icones, t. 1007. B. virgatum, W. et A., lic. B. nervosum, 
Moon, Cat. p; 22.—o.p. 225 (508). 

Has. Oova District, Moon. Newera Ellia, Maturatte, and other 
elevated parts of the Central Province. 


6. PALIMBIA, Bess., DC: : 


de a ramosissima, DC.— Peucedanum Zeylanicum, Gardn. MSS.— 
c.P. 135, 


Has. Above Galagama, Gardner. 
In one of the specimens collected by Dr. Gardner there are the remains of a few- 
ved involucrum at the base of one of the umbels. 


7. HERACLEUM, Linn. 


1. Hw. Sprengelianum, W. ct A., l.c. p- 372; Wight, Icon. t. 1008. 
—Cc.P. 145. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia sparse pilosa vel subtus precipue dense villosa, segmentis acutis vel rotun- 
datis. Mericarpii vitte commissurales aliquando 6, 2 exteriora multo breviora. 


LXXVII. ARALIACEZ. 


1. HEDERA, Linn. 
t Stylis distinctis, denique divergentibus, (ARALIA.) 
1. H. acuminata, Wight, Icon. t. 1062; Walp. Ann. i. p. 358.—H. 
parasitica, Don, Pr. Fl. Nep. p. 188; DO. Prod. iv. p. 265.—c.p. 4. 
Has. Banks of streams, near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 4000 
to 5000 feet. 


My specimens are 5-7-foliolate, but agree so well in every other respect with Dr. 
Wight’s figure, that there can be but little doubt of the two plants being identical. 


132 ENUMERATION OF [Araliacee. 


I adopt Wight’s name in preference to Don’s, as from what I observed of the small 
trees of this species, it had no appearance of being parasitical. 


tt Stylis brevibus, coadunatis, (EUHEDERA.) 


2. H. racemosa, Wight, Icon. t. 1015; Walp. 1. c.—c.p. 549 (559). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Arbor magna, partibus novellis fugaci-ferrugineo-furfuraceis. Panicule swpe. 
valde elongate ramoseeque. Pedicelli fasciculato-racemosi. Flores 5—7-meri. 

This agrees in so many respects with Dr. Wight’s figure and description, that it 
is most probably identical with his plant, though he makes no mention of the ferra- 
ginous tomentum upon the young parts, which however speedily disappears. 


Tt} Stylis nullis, (Paxarropta.) 
* Foliis digitatis. 

3, HZ. Vahlii, Thw. — H. terebinthacea, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 42? 
Paratropia terebinthacea, Arn. Pug. 20 (338) ; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 433.— 
c.P. 1632. 

a Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
** Ttta.”’ 

Arbor scandens, epiphyta, balsamiflora, partibus novellis glaberrimis. Panicule 
juniores bracteate ; bracteis lanceolatis, 3-4 lin, longis, cito deciduis. Umbelle 
5-8-floree. Flores 6-9-meri, sepissime 8-meri. Bacce flavee. 

Notwithstanding the discrepancy with Vahl’s description of his plant, as having a 
single style of equal length with the stamens, there can be little doubt of the present 


being his species, as it is the common, and, I believe, the only one occurring in the 
lower part of the Island, 


4, EX. exaltata, Thw.; arborea; foliolis 7-9, majusculis, coriaceis, 
glabris, integris, oblongis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, petiolatis, venis 
non prominentibus ; wmbellis 10-15-floris, longiuscule pedunculatis, ra- 
cemosis ; floribus 8-9-meris.—An Paratropia Wallichiana, W. et A.? 
—c.P. 1633. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. - 

Arbor magna. Partes novelle glabre? Foliola 5-10 poll. longa, 2}—4 poll. 
lata; petiolulis 4-24 poll. longis. 

This would appear to be closely allied to P. Wallichiana, W. et A., if it be not 


age with it, seeing how much the species vary in the number of parts of the 
ower, ° é 


** Foliis 1-3-foliolatis. 


5. Hi. emarginata, Moon’s Cat. p- 18; scandens, fruticosa, glabra ; 
Soliis petiolatis ; Joliolis 1-3-nis, sepissime solitariis, cuneatis, su fr 
libus, apice truncatis, emarginatis; paniculis folio longioribus, parce 
ramosis ; wmbellis longiuscule pedunculatis, 5-8-floris ; floribus 5-meris. 
—c.P. 655. - 

Has. Saffragam, Moon. Central Province, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. 

Foliola 1-24 poll. longa, 4-12 lin. lata, utrinque (sicca) prominentim venosa, 

‘ apicem incrassatum petiolt 3-9 lin. longi articulata. Fores albidi, rubro-tincti, 
cireiter 14 lin. in diam., margine calycina obscure 5-dentata. 


Loranthacea.] CEYLON PLANTS. - 133 


LXXVIII. ALANGIACEA. 


1. ALANGIUM, Linn. 


1. A. Lamarckii, Thw.—4. decapetalum, Lam.; W. et A. Prod. i. 
p. 325, cum syn. 4. hewapetalum, Lam.; W. et A., lc. p. 326, cum 
syn. A. tomentosum, Lam.; DC. Prod. iii. p. 204.—c.P. 760 (1597, 1598, 
(1599, and 2498). 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, up to no great elevation. Nom. 
vulg. “ Kepaatta.” 

The several forms of this species merge so completely into one another, that I find 
it quite impossible to separate them. The amount of pubescence and number of 
spines seem quite dependent upon the character of the climate, luxuriance of the 
plant, ete., specimens from the dry northern parts of the island being more strongly 
marked in that respect than those from the moister southern districts. 


2. A. glandulosum, Thw.; partibus novellis rufo-furfuraceis ; foliis 
ovatis vel oblongis, rostrato-acuminatis, basi 3-nerviis, superne glabris, 
subtus glandulis nitentibus minutissimis aspersis, ad axillas venarum 
aghaieae glanduloso-porosis, petiolatis ; Jloribus axillaribus, fascicu- 

tis, externe glandulosis, parce irsutis ; pedicellis (petiolis subequi- 
longis) calycibusque rufo-glanduloso-furfuraceis.—c.P. 381. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva, subscandens, plus minus spinosa. Folia 23-6 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. 
lata, petiolo circiter 3 lin. longo. Calyx parvus, 6-7-dentatus, basi 3-4-bracteo- 
latus. Petala 5-6, 4 poll. longa. Stamina 15-20, interne prope basin pilosa. 
Stylus clavatus. Stigma discoideum, 4-radiatum. Fructus rufus, pulposus, sphee- 
ricus, 6 lin. in diam. 

Closely allied to the last, but well distinguished by the deep-red glandular farfu- 
rescence of the young shoots, and of the pedicels and calyces, by the glandular petals 
and under-surface of the leaves, and by the much smaller flowers and fruit. 


LXXIX. LORANTHACE®. 


1. LORANTHUS, Linn. 
Nom. vulg. “ Pelilla.” 


Sect. 1. Zribracteolati. 
_ 1. L. loniceroides, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. p. 382, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Icon. t. 803.)—c.P. 575, 2551 (1643). 
- Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 
2. LL. capitellatus, W. et A., l.c.; Wight, Icon. t. 304.—c.p. 2814. 
f Has. Central Province and Saffragam, up to an elevation of 3000 
eet. 


This, T suspect, is but a form of the preceding, which it very much resembles in 
many respects, 


Sect. 2. Lnvolucrati. 

3. L. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis glabris, coriaceis, suboppositis, lanceo- 
tis vel ovato-lanceolatis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis, petiolatis ; 
¢nvolucris subsessilibus, 5-6-phyllis, externe pilosulis, segmentis lan- 
ceolatis, flores 56 multo longiores cingentibus.—c.p. 1644, 


134 ENUMERATION OF [ Loranthacea. 


Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Ramuli teretes, glabri, rubro-nigrescentes. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 13-8 poll. lata 
(juniora rufescentia), petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. Involucra rubra, segmentis 3-6 lin. 
longis. Fores rubri, versus apicem virides, pollicares. Corolla 5-fissa, fissura antica 
longiore, infra medium attingente. 


Sect. 3. Unibracteolati. 
+ Corolla recta, equaliter fissa. 


4. . Hookerianus, W. et A., 1. c. p. 381.—c.r. 1645. 

Has. Batticaloa, Gardner ; Hantani and Maturatte, in the Central 
Province. 

Spice solitariz vel bine. Flores flavo-rufescentes, 4 lin. longi. 


5. L. nodiflorus, Thw.; foliis glabris, coriaceis, ovato-lanceolatis, 
acuminatis, basi parum angustatis, petiolatis; floribus parvis, axil- 
laribus, sessilibus, confertis; bracteola calyceque furfuraceis; corolla 
glabra, 4-fissa.—c.P. 2589. 

Has. Damp forests in the Ambagamowa District, at no great ele- 
vation. 

Ramuli compressi, glabri, gemmis parce furfuraceis. Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 1-24 
poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Flores rubri, 5 lin. longi. . 

6. li. Neilgherrensis, W. et A., 1. c. p- 382 ; Wight, Icon. t. 1020.— 

-c.P. 1647 (1648, 2483). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 7000 feet. 

Pedunculi 2-9 lin. longi. Corolla rubro-sanguinea vel sepins basi apiceque flavo- 
rubra, medio viridis. 

- May not this be a state of L. elasticus, Desv., from which it appears to differ but 
little except in its flowers being pedunculate ? 


tt Corolla plus minus curvata, inequaliter Jissa. 
: } Corolle segmentis 5. . 

7. L. longiflorus, Desy. (W. et A,, lc. p. 384, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 302.)—c.r. 198 (1648). 
- Var. B.—L. irs saan $05 a DC.; W. et.A., 1. c.—c.p. 2414, 2721. 

Has. Var. a. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Var. 8. 
Deltotte and Ambagamowa, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Var. @ and 8 merge so insensibly into one another, that I have not the least doubt 


of their being the same species. The flowers vary very much in length and in in- 
tensity of colour. 


8. L. ensifolius, Thw. ; foliis glabris, oppositis, membranaceis, an- 
guste falcato-lanceolatis, 3-5-nerviis, petiolatis ; racemis axillaribus 
terminalibusque, 1-2-nis, folio subequilongis, 10-20-floris ; pedicellis 
ovario inpgenias ; bracteolis minutis.—c.P. 3453. : 

Has. Near Ratnapoora, at an elevation of 1000 feet. 

Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, }-1 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. 


This species appears to be rare; I have not seen the flowers of it. 

9. Ls. suborbicularis, Thw. ; partibus novellis ferrugineo-farfuracelis ; 
Soliis coriaceis, rotundatis vel obovato-rotundatis, obtusis, 3-nerviis, basi 
plus minus acutis, petiolatis, (siecis) rugulosis; racemis axillaribus, 1-2- 
nis, tomentellis, folio brevioribus ; pedicellis ovario subequilongis ; calyce 
subacute 5-dentato; bracteola ovario dimidio breviore ; corvila 5-par- 


Loranthacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. 185 


tita, externe stellato-pilosula, segmentis linearibus; baccis oblongis.— 
C.P. 474, 
Has. Newera and other of the most elevated parts of the island. 


Ramuli_teretes, scabri, fusco-cinerei. Folia 1-23 poll. longa, petiolo 2-4 lin. 
longo. Flores flavo-virides, apice rufescentes, pollicares. 


10. L. ligulatus, Thw. ; Soltis glabris, carnoso-coriaceis, eveniis, 
linearibus vel oblongis, apice rotundatis, basi acutis, petiolatis : racemis 
pos, aucifloris, folio brevioribus vel subsequilongis ; pedicellis ovario 
ongioribus ; bracteola minuta, rotundata; calyce obscure denticulato ; 
ges glabra, 5-fissa, segmentis spathulato-linearibus acutis. — c.p. 

640. 


Has. Jaffna and Calpentyne, Gardner. 


Ramuli teretes. Folia 3-2 poll. longa, 24-5 lin. lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. 
Flores pollicares. 


11. L. cuneatus, Heyne (W. et A., l.c. p. 385, cum syn.)—c.P, 2554 
(2552 partim). 
Var. 8B; foliis majoribus, plus minus stellato-puberulis, denique 
labris.— J, goodeniifiorus, W. et A.,l.c. L. Candolleanus, W. et A., 
¢e.; Wight, Icon. t. 305. . 
_ Var. y; floribus longioribus, cum. peduneulis pedicellisque breve 
Incano-tomentosis.—c.p. 1641. 
_ Has. Varr. a and B. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the 
island, and very destructive to orange- and other fruit-trees. Var. y. 
Ji » Gardner. : 

Varr. a and B merge imperceptibly into one another, and the more pubescent state 
of the latter seems to differ in nothing from L. Candolleanus, W. et A., as figured — 
by Dr. Wight. TI have not seen var. y in a fresh state. 


12. Bs. sclerophyllus, Thw. ; Soliis valde coriaceis, obovato-spathulatis, 
obtusis, brevi-petiolatis, plerisque 3-nerviis ; junioribus fugacissime stel- 
lato-pubescentibus ; ot pacipgest. subglabra; pedunculis axillaribus, 

~8-nis, brevibus, 2-5-floris ; pedicellis umbellatis, ovario subeequilongis ; 
bracteola ovario dimidio breviore ; calyce 5-dentato.—c.p. 2442 (2552, 
partim). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 


_Ramuli teretes, scabri. Folia 4-3 poll. longa, 3 lin., 1} poll. lata, costa mar- 
gmeque sepissime rubris. Flores pollicares, flavo-rufescentes, segmentis corolle 
eh eeelatis. ROE : 4 ss, 
“Ten OSetY allied to the preceding species, from which i very coriaceous, 3-nerv 

. eaves distinguish it, T. penne W. et A., judging from Dr. Wight’s figure 
im Teones, t, 142, would appear to resemble the present plant in many respects, 
the shape and venation of the leaves are different. 


: 18. L. tomentosus, Heyne, (W. et A.,1.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Icones, 
. 378.) 

Var. normalis ; ferrugineo-. vel griseo-tomentosus ; foliis superne 
denique glabris; dracteolis ovario brevioribus.—L. incanus, Men's 
Cat. p. 26.—c.P. 1642, : 

Var. lanuginosus ; Jfroribus brevioribus; longe et dense lanatis ; brac- 
teolis iis ti et ovario parum longioribus vel majoribus, foliaceis, 

epitatis ceteroquin ut in var. precede. 2492. 
» Var. normalis. Abundant up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Var, 
januginosus. Ti the Oova and Maturatte Districts, from 3000 to 5000 
eet, 


136 ENUMERATION OF | Caprifoliacee. 


I have little doubt that the first of the above varieties is the typical form of the 
species, whilst in the latter variety, as well as in others described by. previous 
authors, the bracteoles must be looked upon as in an abnormal condition, putting 
on, as they do, more or less of a leaf-like appearance. 


$t Corolle segmentis 4, 


14, L. buddleioides, Desv. (W. et A.,l.c. p. 383, cum syn.)—c.P. 
2391. 
Has. Drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


2. VISCUM, Tournef. 


1, V. orientale, Willd. (W. et A., l.c. p. 379, cum syn.)—V. verru- 
culosum, W. et A., 1.c.—c.P. 412 (480, 481, 1639). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 
ua V. capitellatum, Smith, (W. et A., 1. c. p. 380, cum syn.)—c.P. 

8. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island, often parasitic 

upon species of Loranthus. 
_ 3. V. spathulifoliam, Thw.; ramis elongatis, teretibus, trichotomis, 

singulis ad basin involucro parvo cupuliformi cinctis; foliis opposi- 
tis, anguste spathulatis, obtusis, 3-nerviis ; floribus laxe spicatis.—0.P. 


Has. Adam’s Peak, Gardner. 


4. V. attenuatum, DC. (W. et A., 1.c, cum syn,)—c.P. 479, 1637. 
Has. Jaffna, Galagama, Gardner. 


5. V. moniliforme, Blume (W. et A.,1.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
tt. 1018, 1019.)—c.P. 295. 
Has. Common in the most elevated parts of the Central Province. 


LXXX. CAPRIFOLIACEA, 


SECT. LONICERE#, 
1. DICHILANTHE, Thw. 
Hook. Kew Journ. of Bot. viii. pp. 270, 376; Hook. fil. et Thomson in - 
Linn. Soc. Journ. (Bot.) ii. p. 164. 


1. D. Zeylanica, Thw. l.c.; H.f. et T. l.c. p. 174.—c.p, 3422. 
wate, * = forests between Galle and Ratnapoora, at an elevation of 
eet. 


SECT. SAMBUCEZ. 
2. VIBURNUM, Linn. 
1. V. erubescens, Wall. (H-f. et T. 1. c. p. 177, cum syn.)—o.?. 1636. 
Has. Horton Plains, at an elevation of F500 to 8000 feet. 


2. V. hebanthum, W. et A. Prod. i. 388; Wight, Icon. t. 1023.— 
V. coriacewm, Bl. Var. 8. H.f.et T.l.c. V. Zeylaniea, Gardn. MS. 
—c.P. 39 (73). 


Rubiacee.] CEYLON PLANTs, 137 


Has. Very abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 
to 7000 feet. 


LXXXI. RUBIACE. 
Sect. 1. Corolle segmentis estivatione valvatis. 
T Ovarit loculis bi-pluriovulatis. 
} Placenta apicem prope loculi affxa, pendula. 


1. NAUCLEA, Linn. 
_ +. Platanocarpum. 


1. N. coadunata, Roxb. (DC. Prod. iy. p. 344, cum syn.)—c.P. 1658. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Bakmee-gass.” 


tt Nauclearia. 


2. N. Cadamba, Roxb. (DC. 1. c. cum syn.)—J. orientalis, L. (par- 
tim.)—c.P. 1659. 3 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ha- 
lamba-gass.” 

3+ N. parvifolia, Roxb. (DC. 1. c. cum syn.)—V. orientalis, Linn. 
(partim.)—c.P. 780. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

_4. N. tubulosa, Arn.; Jfoliis glabris (junioribus ad nervos minutis- 
sime puberulis), ovatis, obtusis vel parum acuminatis, basi rotundatis 
subcordatisve, petiolatis ; stipulis magniss membranaceis, obovatis ; pe- 
dunculis terminalibus, sepissime ternis, intermedio breviore vel sessili ; 
calyce cylindrico, subintegro, bracteolis obtusis. lon iore ; o> vomeoimes 
Slusculo, utrinque truncato ; capsulis majusculis, oblongis, polyspermis. 
aA 1657. ‘ a 

ar. 8. minor ; foliis capitulisque minoribus.—c.°. : ; 

Has. Var. a. von abaidab “a the Kokool Corle. Var. 8. Hot, drier 
parts of the island. 

Arbor parva. Folia submembranacea, minutissime reticulata, 2-6 poll. longa, 
petiole 4-6 lin. longo. Capitula in anthesi circiter 13 poll. in diam. (var. B pollicaria), 
Prope basin foliis stipulisque 2 deciduis bracteata. Cady 1-14 lin. longus. Corolla 
Purpurea, Anthere apiculate. Capsula 3—4 lin. longa. 


6 ' 
ttt Pentacoryna. 
5. N. cordifolia, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P. 1660. fi 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Colong-gass. 
6. NM. peduncularis, Wall. Cat. 6091; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 512.—N. 
triflora, Moon’s Cat. p. 14, An WV. purpurea, Roxb., var. ?—c.r. 2820. 
B. Saffragam and contiguous districts, up to an elevation of 1000 

feet, not uncommon. Cen Province, rare. 

Arbor mediocris, ramulis parce compressis. Pedunculi 1-2 poll. longi, inter- 
medius parum longior, paulo infra medium bracteolis 4 parvis munitus. Capitula 


in anthesi 8-9 lin. in diam. Corolla ochracea, purpurascens. 
i 


° 
138 ‘ : ENUMERATION OF [| Rubiaceae. 


2. UNCARIA, Schreb. 


1. U. Gambier, Hunt. (DC. Prod. iv. p. 347, cum syn.)—Cc.P. 1661. 

Has. Deltotte District, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
3000 feet. Near Colombo, Mr. W. Ferguson. 

Ramuli subtetragoni. Folia juniora subtus ad nervos parce hispida. 

This is a variable species in the shape of the leaves and length of the petiole. It 
agrees so well with Roxburgh’s description that I cannot doubt its being his plant. 
The Cinghalese make no use, as far as I can learn, of this plant. 


tt Placenta medio dissepimenti adnata. 
: 3. LEUCOCODON, Gard. 
Cale, Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 5. 


- Florum capitula terminalia, solitaria, involucro magno campanulato 
inclusa. Calye tubulosus, subinteger. Corolla infundibuliformis, 5- 
loba. Filamenta brevia. -Anthere oblonge. Ovarium biloculare. 
Ovula plurima, reniformia. Stylus simplex, exsertus. Stigma bilobum, 
lobis oblongis, obtusis. Fructus baccatus. Semina numerosa, sub- 
rhomboidea, compressa. ; 

1. L. reticulatum, Gard. 1. e.—c.P. 347 (695). 

Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Frutex scandens, epiphyticus, radicans. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, utringue acuta, 
3-6 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, petiolo 3-£ poll. longo. Stipule membranacee, 
oblong, apice bidentate, basi connate, pollicares. Involucrum albidum, viridescens, 
1 poll. in alt., margine dentatum, brevi-pedunculatum. Corolda albida, circiter 8 lin. 
longa, /odis lanceolatis acutis ¢ubo interne minute pilosulo brevioribus.  Bacca 
alba, oblonga, 4 lin. longa. Semina striata, brunnea, medio nigra, % liu. longa.— 
descript. cl. Gardner precipue excerpt. 


4, MUSSHINDA, Linn. 


1. M. frondosa, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 393, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tilust. ii. t. 124.)—c.P. 1664. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Maassenda.” 

The leaves are boiled and eaten as a vegetable by the Cinghalese. 


5. ACRANTHERA, Arn. 
Endl, Suppl. i. p. 1894. 


1. A. Zeylanica, Arn. in Ann. of Nat. Hist. iii. p. 21—c.p. 334. 
_ Has. On damp, shaded banks: in the Central Province, at an eleva- 
tion of 3000 to 5000 feet. : 


6. NEUROCALYX, Hook. 


1, NW. Zeylanicus, Hook. Icon. Pl. ii. t. 174.—c.P. 286 (362). 
Has. Saffragam District, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
_ The flowers of this and of all the following species are of a pale-purple colour. 
2. NW. Wightii, Arn. 1. c. p. 20; Walp. Rep. ii. p. 515, An J. 
Hookeriani, Wight, Icon. t. 52, var. abe 4 595, . 


Rubiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 139 


: Has. Warm, moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 2000 
 Teet. 

3. N. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis majusculis, superne pilosulis, subtus ad 
nervos villosis, ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, obscure denticulatis, basi cu- 
neatis ; stipulis bipartitis; segmentis rotundatis, obliquis, longe acumi- 
natis; racemis villosis; bracteolis oblongis, acuminatis, prope basin 
utrinque 1-dentatis ; segmentis calycinis rotundatis, subcordatis, acumi- 
natis.—c.p. 1671. 

Has. Pasdoon Corle, Gardner. 

Its wider, more hairy leaves, and villous racemes, distinguish this from the pre- 
ceding, to which it is in other respects very closely allied, and the two may possibly 

_ prove to be forms of one species. 

4, NW. Championii, Benth. MSS. ; foliis oblongo-spathulatis, obtusis 
subacutisve, superne villosulis, denique subglabris, subtus ad nervos 
cum — villosis; stipulis bipartitis; segmentis acutis, irregulariter 
2-3-fissis ; racemis villosis; bracteolis 3-partitis, segmentis lateralibus 
-minoribus.—c.p. 3417, 3480. 

Has. Kokool Corle, up to no great elevation. 

Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, petiolo 4-14 poll. longo. 


7. SCHIZOSTIGMA, Arn. 
Endl. Suppl. i. p. 1393. 


1. S. hirsutum, Arn, Ann. of Nat. Hist. iii. p. 20.—c.r. 268. 
Has. Not uncommon in the south of the island, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet. een 
Flores 1-8-ni. Corolla alba, 7-8 lin. in exp. Bacca cerasi parvi magnitudine. 
ae 


8. AXANTHES, Blume. 


1, A. Zeylanica, Wight, Icon. t. 1163.—c.p. 499 (707). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

2. A. elliptica, Wight, Icon. t. 1164.—c.p. 359 (584). 

Has. In similar situations with the preceding. 

The flowers and fruit of this and of the preceding species are of a dull orange- 
yellow colour, 


tii Placenta versus basin Tocuti affica, plus minus erecta. 
9. OPHIORRHIZA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Datkatteya.”) 


1. O, Mungos, Linn. (W. et A. Prod. i. 404, cum syn.)—c.P. 1704. 
- Very abundant in damp, shady places. : : 

2. ©. nemorosa, Thw.; caule suberecto, parce ramoso ; foliis glabris, 
lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi cuneatis ; stipulis rotundatis, longe 1-2- 
Setaceo-cuspidatis ; corymbis terminalibus, pedunculatis, tomentosis ; 
bracteolis minutis ; corolla longiuscula.—c.P. 205 (215, 484). 

Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
ot 2-6 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata. Corolla alba, rubro-tincta, tubo semi- 

cari, 


3. O. radicans, Gardn. MSS.; caule procumbente ; petiolis pedun- 


140 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiacee. 


culisque tomentosis; foliis parvis, ovatis orbicularibusve, acutis vel 
obtusis, basi rotundatis cordatisve, superne glabris, subtus ad nervos 
tomentosis; corymbis terminalibus, parvis ; pedunculo foliis longiore ; 
bracteolis parvis.—c.P. 1706. 

Has. Not uncommon in the forests of the Central Province. 

Folia }-1 poll. longa. Corolla alba, tubo 2 lin. longo, limbo 3 lin. in exp. 


4. O. angustifolia, Thw.; caule erecto, glabro vel breve tomentoso ; 
foliis anguste lanceolatis, utrinque angustatis, glabris vel subtus ad 
nervos tomentosis; stipulis setaceo-cuspidatis ; corymbis laxis pedun- 
culoque tomentosis ; bracteolis linearibus, mediocribus ; alabastris ru- 
gulosis.—c.P. 431. 

Has. Ambagamowa District. . 

Folia 1-4 poll. longa, 14-8 lin. lata, subtus albida. Corolla alba, tubo 1 lin. 
longo, Zimbo 3-4 lin. in exp. 

Resembling the next species in many respects, but the smaller, narrower leaves, 
and the lax corymbs with their shorter bracteoles, of the present plant, seem sufli- 
cient to keep them distinct. 


5. ©. pectinata, Arn. Pug. 20 (338); Walp. Rep. vi. p. 57.—¢.P. 
712 (1707). 

gene ; corymbis arcte compactis.—O. imbricata, Gard. MSS.— 
c.p. 750. : 

; ny. Abundant in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 
eet. 

6. O. pallida, Thw.; caule tomentoso, plus minus procumbente ; 
foliis hispidulis, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis 
vel rotundatis ; stipulis setaceo-cuspidatis ; corymbis compactis pedun- 
culoque glabris vel rarius sparse pilosulis ; bracteolis longiusculis, 
linearibus#—c.P. 711, 3344. 

Has. Forests in the Ambagamowa District. : 

Closely allied to the last, but distinguished by its more or less procumbent habit, 
its pubescent stems and leaves, and the latter, together with the corymbs, smaller 
and more delicate in texture. : 


7. ©. glechomeefolia, Thw. ; caule procumbente, villoso ; foliis parvis, 
rotundatis ovatisve, cordatis, subacutis, superne villosulis, subtus 
nervos petioloque villosis ; corymbis terminalibus, dunculatis ; brac- 
teolis linearibus, longiusculis, cum lobis calycinis ciliatis.—c.P. 1708. 

Has. Forests of the Central Province. 

Folia 3-10 lin. longa, seepe rugulosa. ‘ 

This bears a close resembance to 0. radicans, differing from it however in its 
leaves being hairy on the upper surface, and in its relatively much longer-cili 
bracteoles and calyx-lobes. 


10. HEDYOTIS, Lam. 


1. H. Lawsonie, W. et A., l.c. p. 407, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t- 
1026.—c.P. 13, 1697 (102, 110). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia ovata vel plus minus anguste lanceolata, }-4 poll. longa, membranacea 
subcoriacea. one 

A very common species, ing very much in appearance according to the 
racter of the Tocality in which it pen’ 4 . . 


2. HL. evenia, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis acute 4-gonis, junioribus 


Rubiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 141 


pilosulis; foliis parvis, glabris, nitidis, coriaceis, eveniis, lanceolatis, 
acutis, basi rotundatis, petiolatis; stipulis triangularibus, pilosulis, 
apice parce glanduloso-tuberculatis ; paniculis terminalibus, pilosulis. 
—C.P. 93. 

Has. Adam’s Peak, Gardner. 

Although this plant has a very dissimilar aspect to that of the preceding, yet I 
suspect it may prove to be but a variety of it. ° 


3. H. obscura, Thw. ; suffruticosa, erecta, (sicca) nigrescens ; ramulis 
subteretibus ; foliis glabris, lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, petiolatis ; venis 
primariis parum conspicuis ; stipulis triangularibus, plus minus con- 
natis, pectinatim pinnatifidis, segmentis linearibus pilosis; corymbis 

’ axillaribus, pedunculatis, glabris, folio brevioribus, bracteolatis ; corolla 
ad faucem pilosa.—c.p. 94 (111, 119). 

Var. 8; foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis ; venis primariis. subtus 
prominentibus et sxepe pilosulis ; bracteolis parvis ; corolle lobis interne, 
et externe ad apicem pilosis.—c.P. 91, 101. 

_ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. Var. 8, 
in rather shady places. 

_ Apparently closely allied to H. stylosa, Br., but distinguished from it, judging 
from Dr. Wight’s figure of that species in Icones,-t. 1027, by its inflorescence not 
being terminal. 

4, H. Lessertiana, Arn. Pug. 22 (339); Walp. Rep. i. p. 492.— 

@.P. 99, 115 (123, 1702). 

Var. 8. major ; foliis floribusque majoribus.—c.P. 96. ’ 

Var. y. confertiflora ; foliis coriaceis ; floribus majoribus confertisque. 
—c.p. 103 (109, 1701). a 

Var. 8. pilosa; ramulis foliisque plus minus pilosis ; dentibus ealycinis 
brevibus, ceeteroquin ut in var. a.—c.P. 2819. $44 

Has. Central Province. Varr. a and 8. Abundant at an elevation of 
3000 to 5000 feet. Varr. 8 and y. From 5000 to 8000 feet. 


* The extreme forms of this plant look very different, but they merge so insensibly 
into one another that I find it impossible to separate them as distinct species. 


5. H. flavescens, Thw.; ramulis teretibus ; foliis glabris, coriaceis ; 
subeveniis, ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis; costa prope basin 
petioloque dilatatis ; stipulis scariosis, vaginantibus, persistentibus, 
prope marginem appendiculis linearibus, apice filamentosis denique 

ucis cinctis; paniculis terminalibus, compactis.—c.P. 86, 126. 

Has. Adam’s Peak, and between Galagama and Horton Plains, at 
an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. Fieve a 

Folia 1-4 poll. longa, $1} poll. lata, flavescentia, petiolo in. longo. Corolla 
ad faucem lanosa. oad 2 are dontibus calycinis erectis, aeutis, parce pilosis. 

6. Hl. quinquenervia, Thw.; fruticosa, erecta; ramulis compressis ; 
Joliis parvis, coriaceis, subglabris, ovatis, obtuse brevi-acuminatis, 
5-nervils, subsessilibus, marginibus revolutis ; stipwlis connatis, cu nali- 
formibus, externe pilosis plus minus setosisque, appendiculis linearibus, 
Scariosis, pilosis, apice ilatatis fimbriatis, persistentibus ; capitulis 

ibus, sessilibus.—c.P. 120. 
. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia 3-8 lin. longa, flavescentia.  Calyz 4-fidus, segmentis subacutis apice 
Pilosis, Corolla alba, externe purpurascens, interne ad faucem pilosa. <Anthere 
oblonge, purpurez. 


142 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiacee. 


7, EX. verticillaris, Wall. (W. et A., 1. c. p. 409 ; Wight, Icon. t. 1029). 
_ —H. plantaginifolia, Arn. Pug. 22 (340).—c.P. 107. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. 


8. EX. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis confertis, glabris, nitidis, valde coriaceis, 
subeveniis, lanceolatis, acutis, basi ad petiolum dilatatum angustatis ; 
stipulis oblongis, membranaceis, glabris, scariosis, persistentibus ; pa- 
niculis terminalibus, elongatis, plurifloris, laxis, pluries trichotomis.— 
c.P. 116. . 

Has. Adam’s Peak, Gardner. 

Rami circiter } poll. in diam., stipulis confertis squamosi. Folia 3-4 poll. longa. 
Calyz 4-dentatus, dentibus apice incrassatis parum reflexis. 


— Linn. (W. et A., lc. p. 408, cum syn.)—C.P. 108, 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
** Waranneya.” 


10. H. cymosa, Thw.; fruticosa, erecta, (sicca) nigrescens ; -ramulis 
levibus, parum angulatis; foliis glabris, nitidis, anguste lanceolatis, 
utrinque acutis; venis primariis inconspicuis ; stipulis triangularibus, 
longe acuminatis, carinatis, margine glanduloso-dentatis ; cymis terml- 
nalibus, laxis, puberulis ; calyce glabro, 4-partito ; segmentis lanceolatis, 
acutis, demum recurvis ; corodla externe glabra, fauce pilosa.—c.P. 3421. 

Has. Hinidoon Corle, at an elevation of 1000 feet. . 

_ Folia 2-3 poll. longa, 3-7 lin. lata. SS 

Readily distinguished from H. fruticosa, to which it is very closely allied, by its 
— cymose lax inflorescence, and by the whole plant becoming black in 

ing. i 

11. EH. monosperma, W. et A., l.c. p. 410, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. 
t. 1031.—c.r. 97 (112, 139). . 

Var. 8. subglabra.—H. Richardiana, Arn. 1.c. p. 22 (340); Walp. 


Rep. ii. — 
f Rae. ery abundant in the more elevated parts of the Central Pro- 
vince. ; 
The whole plant is very fetid. It varies very much in the size and hairiness of 
the leaves. 
- 412. =~ “yeas Arn. Pug. 23 (341); Walp. Rep. ii. p- 492. 
—C.P. : 
Var. 8. glabra.—H. nummulariformis, Arn. 1.¢.; Walp. lc. p- 493. 
—c.P. 113, 2817. 
Haz. Abundant in wet, rocky places: in the Central Province, at am 
- elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 
Caules tetragoni. Folia 3-10 lin. longa, marginibus sepe revolutis. Flores 
purpurei. 
13. EX. auricularia, Linn. (DC. Prod. iv. p.420; W. et A.,].c: p. 412 
cum syn.)—c.P. 1694. 
Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“e Gatta-co! ae ; 
The leaves boiled, after bei the Cinghalese 
wi. iled, after being cut very small, and eaten by the Ging 
14. EX. macrophylla, Wall. (W. et A., lc. p. 408, cum syn.)—©-P- 


Has. Forests about Adam’s Peak. 


Rubiacee.) CEYLON PLANTS. 143 


Stipule membranacez, connate, setis dense pilosis limbo longioribus marginate. 
Dentes calycini \ineari-lanceolati. ; 


15. Hl. nodulosa, Arn. |. c. 22 (340); Walp. le. p. 493.—An H. 
_ Watlkeri, Arn. 1.c.; Walp. 1.c¢.? . 
, ne a; foliis superne glabris vel obscure setulosis.—c.p. 87 (105, 

698). 

Var. 8; plus minus pilosa.—ZH. avillaris, Gardn. MSS.—c.p. 88, 
3095, 3542 (106, 117, 121, 1699). 

Has. Central Province and Saffragam, at an elevation of 3000 to 
7000 feet. 

Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 4-23 poll. lata, petiolo 2-10 lin. longo. Stipude mem- 
branaceze, plus minus connate, dentibus subulatis brevioribus vel subequilongis 
marginate. Dentes calycini subulati, recurvi. 

A very variable species as regards the size and the amount of pubescence of the 
leaves, which are more or less tomentose or villous, or sometimes nearly altogether 
glabrous. From H. macrophylla it differs principally in ‘the smaller, narrower teeth 
of the calyx. 


16. EZ. membranacea, Thw.; suffruticosa, erecta, glabra; foliis ob- 
longo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis; stipulis appendi- 
culis linearibus, longiusculis, scariosis fimbriatis ; floribus dense glome- 
rato-verticillatis ; segmentis calycinis lanceolatis, scariosis.—c.P. 3621. 

Has. Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation.—A_ specimen in the her- 
barium, collected by Moon, has no locality affixed to it. 

Folia 4-6 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata. Corolla parva, flava, 

An obscure plant, and possibly, as suspected by Dr. Gardner, an abnormal state of 
one of the two preceding species. ‘ 

17. H. cyanescens, Thw.; suffruticosa, basi decumbens, radicans ; 
ramis acute tetragonis, glabris vel pilosulis ; foliis plus minus villosulis, 
ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, petiolatis ; stipulis brevibus, mem- 

ranaceis, connatis, dentibus subulatis sequilongis od er parce 
sem floribus dense verticillatis; segmentis calycinis lineari-lanceo- 
atis, ovario 3-4-plo longioribus, villosulis.—c.P. 2384. 

Haz. Muruta, Gardner. Ambagamowa District, not common. 

Folia 4-2} poll. longa, petiole 2-5 lin. longo, Calycis segmenta 2 lin. longa. 
hig albida, purpureo-tincta, externe glabra, ¢vJo infundibuliformi fauce parum 

Oso. . 


The whole plant is often of a bluish-purple colour. : 
18. Hf. inamoena, Thw. ; suffruticosa, erecta, subglabra; ramis sub- 
tetragonis; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis, (siccis) 
cescentibus ; stipulis triangularibus, pilosis, apice parum glandulosis, 
asi connatis, cito deciduis; floribus glomerato-verticillatis ; segmentis 
— lanceolatis, tubo corolle brevioribus.—c.P. 95, 3543 (98). 
ar. 8; foliis latioribus, (siccis griseo-viridibus) ; stipulis longiuscule 
rostrato-acuminatis.—c.P. 2639. : 
Haz. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts. _ 
Folia 3-5 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. 
19, EX. nitida, W. et A., l.c. p. 412.—H. Neesiana, Arn. Pug. p. 23 
(341).—c.p, 122. 
fan. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vuilg. 
se Pittasooddoopala.” 
The leaves i cho ‘up, boiled, and eaten with rice, by the 
Cinghalese of this plant are finely chopped up y 


144 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. 


20. EX. czerulea, W. et A., l. c.—c.P. 1674. 
Has. Sandy places, especially near the coast. 


Div. Oldenlandia. 


21. H. umbellata, Lam. (W. et A., lc. p. 413, cum syn.)—H. poly- 

gonoides, Wall.—c.p. 125... : 
Has. Abundant, especially near the sea, Nom. vulg. “ Saayam-mool.” 

Used as a dye by the Cinghalese. 

22, HI. Burmanniana, Br. (W. et A., l.c. p. 415, cum syn.)—H. in- 
termedia, W. et A., 1.c.—c.P. 1676, 2368. 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Wal-patpaadagam.” 

- 93, HRvracemosa, Lam. (W. et A., lc. p. 414, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 312.)—H. biflora, Br.; W. et A., l.c. cum syn.—c.P. 1679. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, common. : 

24, HZ. quadrilocularis, Thw.; herbacea, procumbens, ramosa, pilosula : 
ramis subteretibus ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque subacutis, petio- 
latis ; stipulis membranaceis, rotundatis, ciliatis ; floribus axillaribus 
terminalibusque, 1-2-nis, sessilibus ; ovario 4-loculari, rarius 2-3-locu- 
lari.—c.P. 3132. 

Has. Badulla District, rare. 

Folia 4-13 poll. longa, 4—-$ poll. lata, petiolo 1-5 lin. longo. Calyx turbinatus ; 
lobis oblongis, ciliatis, interne setulosis, recurvis. Corol/a tubulosa, interne glabra ; 
lobis oblongis, acutis. Stylus filiformis, exsertus. Stigmata tot quot ovarii loculi, 
longiuscula, subclavata, reflexa. Capsula depressa, /oculis ad basin dehiscentibus, 
circiter 3-spermis. 

25. HL. trinervia, (Roem. et Sch.) ; W.et A., lc. cumsyn.—c.P. 1681. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

26. Ht. Heynei, Br. (W. et A., l.c. p. 416, cum syn.)—c.¥. 1673. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 

27. H. maritima, Wall. (W. et A., l.c. p. 417, cum syn.)—c.P. 1678. 

Has. Very common near the sea. 


1l. DENTELLA, Forst. 
1, D. repens, Forst. (W. et A., l.c. p. 405, cum syn.)—o.P. 1683. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island, not uncommon. 
| tt Ovarii loculis 1-ovulatis. : 
t Ovulis erectis. 
12. MORINDA, Vaill.* 


1. M. bracteata, Roxb. (W. et A.,l.c. p. 419, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. t. 126.)—An WV. citrifolie, Linn., vad: P—c.P. 765. 


———— 


* The ovary in this genus appears to be normally two-celled, but these two cells 
are converted into four by the introverted carpellary leaves being so produced laterally 
as to reach the walls of the ovary. If this is the correct explanation of the ovarial 
_ strueture, the genus would have to be placed in the previous division of the family, 

each cell in that case being really two-ovuled. 


Rubiaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 145 


Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island, in and near 
the gardens of the Cinghalese, who employ the roots asa dye. Nom. 
vulg. “ Ahoo-gass.” 

Some fresh specimens of this plant, now before me, agree perfectly with Wight’s 
figure of WM. racteata, whilst they so closely resemble too the figure in ‘ Hortus 
Malabaricus,’ vol. i. t. 52, quoted for M. citrifolia, L., that I can scarcely believe 
our plant to be other than a form of the latter. Some of the capitula are without 
the bract-like appendage of the calyces, and the anthers are quite exserted in the 
flowers now under examination. 


2. M. exserta, Roxb. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn. var. 8.)—c.P. 1668. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. Badulla District, J. Bailey, Esq. Nom. 
vulg. “ Ahoo-gass.” 

3. M. umbellata, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 420, cum syn.)—M. scan- 
dens, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 548.—c.p. 1669. 

Haz. Very common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kirri-walla.” 

The tough stems of this plant are used, instead of ropes, by the Cinghalese for 
tying fences. 


13. MEPHITIDIA, Reinw. 
Lasianthus, Jack, Wight. 


1, M. Moonii, Wight, in Calc. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vi. p. 504; 
Walp. Ann. ii. p. 760.—c.P. 92. 

Has. Abundant in the Saffragam District. 

Frutex hispidus, parce ramosus. Folia superne glabra hispidulave. Capitula 
pedunculata vel sessilia. Coro//a alba, 3 lin. in exp.; ¢udo brevi. Bacca hispidula, 
pulposa, rubra, subspheerica, cerasi magnitudine. 

_ 2, M.Gardneri, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis compressis petiolisque 
strigosis vel hispidulis; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi 

acutis, superne glabris, subtus pilosulis, venosis, venis secundariis 

numerosis parallelis ; s¢ipudis parvis, triangularibus, acutis, strigosis ; 

capitulis sessilibus, pilosis; segmentis ealycinis lanceolatis, acutis ; 

corolla externe pilosula, interne villosa; fwbo brevi.—c.p. 348 (1723). 
Has. Newera Ellia and Adam’s Peak, Gardner. 

_ Folia 3-8 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata, petio/o 2-5 lin. longo. 

_ 3. M. tomentosa, Thw. ; fruticosa; ramulis teretibus, vix compressis 

we tomentosis ; foliis coriaceis, lanceolatis, longe acuminatis, 

i acutis, superne glabris, subtus precipue ad nervos tomentosis, 

venis secundariis paucis subparallelis ; capitulis pilosis, paucifloris, 

Sessilibus ; segmentis calycinis lanceolatis, acutis; corolla externe pi- 

losa ; tubo brevi.—c.p. 2711. : 

. Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

_ Folia 2-4 poll. longa, }-1 poll. lata, petiolo 3 lin. longo, Corolla albida. Bacce 

Pisi magnitudine, nigrz. : : 

Closely allied to, and possibly a form of, the preceding species. 

4. M. rhizophylla, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis tenuibus, compressis, 
Scabridis ; foliis membranaceis, glabris, nitidis, delicatule venosis, lan- 

is, loge acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis; capitulis paucifloris, 
Roe ; ealyce piloso; segmentis lineari-lanceolatis, longiusculis.— 
C.P. 361, 
Has. Adam’s Peak, Gardner. 


* 


146 ENUMERATION OF { Rubiaceae. 


Folia 2-8 poll. longa, 3-1 poll. lata, petiofo 1-2 lin. longo. 

The specimens I have are not sufficiently perfect to enable me to complete the 
description of this species. 

5. M. protracta, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis compressis petiolisque 
strigosulis ; foliis elongato-lanceolatis, a prope basin gradatim angus- 
tatis, acuminatis, mucronatis, superne glabris, subtus ad nervos strigo- 
sulis, basi subacutis, frrewixpotiolntiag venis primariis 7-8, folii versus 
apicem porrectis ; seeundariis numerosis, transverse parallelis ; stipulis 
minutis, triangularibus, strigosis ; capitulis paucifloris, sessilibus ; calyce 
minute 4-dentato.—c.pP. 354. 

Has, Central Province, Gardzer. ; 

Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 14-2} poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. ° 

I have not seen this species in a fresh state, and my specimens are too imperfect 
to enable me to describe the flowers and fruit. ; 

6. M. strigosa, Wight, l.c. p. 512; Walp. l.c. p. 762.—c.v. 1725. 

Has. Common in the Central Province and the Saffragam District, 
at an elevation of 2000 to 5000 feet. 

_ Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo, venis secundaris 
transverse parallelis. Corolla albida, externe pilosula; tubo 3 lin. longo ; Jimbo cir- 
citer 4 lin. in exp., interne villoso, Bacce subspherice, opace, nigre, circiter 3 
poll. in diam. ; 

: fF oe Walkeriana, Wight, l.c. p. 513; Walp. 1. c.—c.v. 289 (340, 

Han. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Folia glabra vel subtus ad nervos parce strigosa, oblongo- vel lineari-lanceolata, 
basi acuta, 2-5 poll. longa, 4-14 lin. lata, petiolo 13-8 lin. Jongo. Corolla externe 
pilosula, ¢véo brevi, /imdo interne villoso. Bacce nigre, pisi magnitudine. 

The narrower, more acuminated, less pilose leaves and shorter flowers, principally 
distinguish this from the last species. In Jf. strigosa too the calyx-tube is much 
longer than in the present plant. I suspect, however, that they will prove to be 
only forms of oné species ; and UM. protracta, Thw., will probably have to be u 
with them as a more rare variety, 

8. M. oligantha, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis compressis, scabridis; 
foliis oblongis, rostrato-acuminatis, basi rotundatis, utrinque venosis, 
glabris vel subtus ad nervos pilosulis, brevi-petiolatis ; stipwlis parvis, ~ 
oblongis, pilosis ; capitulis paucifloris, paket eh floribus parvis ; 
tibus calycinis brevibus, acutis.—c.P. 357 (1726, 1727). ; 

Var. 3B. obliqua; foliis subsessilibus, basi cordatis, obliquis.—¢.?- 
3418.—An species distincta ? 

Has. Var. a. Hantani District. Var. 8. Saffragam District, up to 
an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Var. a closely approaches some states of Jf. strigosa, Wight, and is not impro- 
bably a form of it growing in poor or dry soil. The whole genus Mephitidia re- 
quires much investigation before the extent of variation to which the species are 
liable can be satisfactorily determined. ¢ 

9. M. varians, Thw.; fruticosa, glabra; ramulis striatis, parum 
compressis ; foliis coriaceis, ovatis vel oblongis, acutis retusisve, mucro- 
natis, basi angustatis, petiolatis, utrinque reticulatim venosis ; stipulis 
parvis, subacutis, apice pilosis; capitulis pedunculatis subsessilibusve; 
paucifloris ; dentibus calycinis brevibus, triangularibus, acutis ; cor?’ 
albida; tubo brevi; limbo interne villoso.—c.r. 57 (80, 290, 422, 423). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

_ Folia \-2¥ poll. longa, 4 lin. ad 14 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Corolla al- 
bida. Bacce nigre, pisi magnitudine. 


~ 


Rubiaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 147 


14, ALLASOPHANTA, Thw. (gen. nov.). 


. Flores polygamo-dioici. Calyx tubulosus, 4-dentatus. Corolla in- 
fundibuliformis, 4-loba. Stamina 4, fauce inserta, filamentis (in flor. 
ster.) valde exsertis, antheris oblongis dorso aflixis. Ovarium 4-locu- 
lare. Stylus filiformis (in flor. fert.), valde exsertus. Stigma 4-lobum, 
lobis pilosis. Bacca sicca, parva, 4-sperma. — Frutex, Mephitidie 
valde affinis, sed facie Hedyotidis; ramulis subtetragonis ; foliis mem- 
branaceis ; stipulis connatis, tubulosis, scariosis, striatis, ad marginem 
subaristatis; capitulis multifloris, axillaribus, sessilibus; floribus parvis, 
albis, purpureo-tinctis. . 

1. A. decipiens, Thw.; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, pi- 
losulis vel glabris, subtus ad nervos adpresse pilosis.—c.P. 3093. 

Var. 8. flavescens, Thw.; foliis plus minus pilosis, subtus ad nervos 
villosis, ovatis, acutis, basi cordatis rotundatis vel subacutis, petiolatis 
sessilibusve.—c.P. 3094 (114). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. Var. B, 
up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Folia 13-5 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. : 

In general appearance this species bears a very great resemblance to Hedyotis 
nodulosa, Arn, : 


15. GRUMILEA, Gertn., W. et A. 


1. G. elongata, Wight, Icon. t. 1036.—c.r. 1719. 
: Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


2. G. nudiflora.— Psychotria? nudiflura, W. et A., l.c. p. 434. An 
G.nigra, Gertn. De Fruct. i. p. 138. t. 28. f. 2?—c.p, 18 (2707 partim). 
Has. Very abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
3000 to 6000 feet. i 
_ Corymbi ad nodos ferrugineo-pilosi. Flores scepissime 5-meri. Bacce leves, 
nigree, subspheerice, pisi magnitudine. 

3. G. stenophylla, Thw.; glabra; ramulis compressis, ad foliorum 
axillas glandulosis ferrugineo-villosisque ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis, acu- 
Munatis, basi acutis, brevi-petiolatis ; s¢ipulis rotundato-triangularibus, 
brevi-cuspidatis, cito deciduis ; corymbis longe-pedunculatis, 5-radiatis, 
ebracteolatis ?, ad nodos ferrugineo-villosis ; floribus ad radiorum apices 

uribus, confertis ; calyce sinuatim 5-dentato, corolle tubo brevissimo, 

uce piloso.—c.p. 2609. if 
AB. Damp forests, at no great elevation, in the central and southern 
parts of the gland. ; 
Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 4-12 lin. lata, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Bacce leves, 
spherice, nigree, pisi magnitudine. 

4. G. Gardneri, Thw.; glabra; ramulis: compressis ; foliis cuneato- 
oblongis, subito longiuscule cuspidatis, petiolatis ; s¢ipw/is triangulari- 

us, subacutis, cito Satin: corymbis pedunculatis, ter quaterve um- 

tim ramosis, multifloris, bracteolatis; bracteolis latis, brevibus, 

Totundatis ; floribus 3-4-nis, sessilibus ; calyce obscure 5-dentato ; co- 
rolle tubo brevissimo ; baccis sphericis, levibus, parvis.—c.P. 1718. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet, not very 

mon. 

Folia 5-12 poll. longa, 1-34 poll. lata, pediolo 2-8 lin. longo, Bacce nigre, 


148 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. 


5. G. Wightiana, Thw.— Lasianthus? dubius, Wight, in Calc. Journ. 
Nat. Hist. vi. p. 516.—c.P. 586. 

Has. Banks of streams, in the Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts, 
at no great elevation. 

Frutex parvus. Ramuli compressi, pilosi, denique glabri. Folia ovato- vel ob- 
longo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi euneata, petiolata, superne glabra, subtus pilosa, ad 
_ nervos tomentosa, 4-8 poll. longa, 14-4 poll. lata, petio/o 4-8 lin. longo. Stipule 
oblong, connate, pilose, margine scariose. Corymbi tomentosi, basi trichotom), 
bracteolati, divisionibus primariis apice 8—5-tomis, lateralibus sepe reflexis. Brac- 
teole parvee, obtuse. lores sessiles, capitellati. Calyx tubulosus, breve 5-den- 
tatus, interne glaber. Corolla pilosula, tudo brevi. Bacce pilose, subspheerice, 
3-4 lin. in diam, (siccee), subcarinatee. 

6. G. affinis, Thw.; ramulis compressis, scabridis ; foliis oblongo- - 
vel lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi cuneatis, longiuscule petiolatis, 

labris vel subtus ad nervos pilosulis ; s¢ipulis oblongis, pilosis ; eorym- 
is tomentosis, bracteolatis, basi trichotomis, divisione jntermedia sepe 

ad apicem trichotoma; floridus sessilibus, capitatis ; calyce tubuloso, 
obscure 5-dentato ; baceis pilosis, pisi magnitudine.—c.P. 2706. 

Has. Similar situations to the last species. 

Preecedenti valde affinis et ejusdem forsan varietas. 


7. G. Moonii, Thw.; ramulis glabris, compressis ; foliis glabris, ob- 
longis, abrupte acuminatis, basi cuneatis, petiolatis ; stipulis oblongis, 
connatis, apice ciliatis, minute 1-2-dentatis ; corymbis glabris, bracteo- 
latis, basi trichotomis ; divisionibus lateralibus reflexis ; central apice 
trichotoma; floribus sessilibus, capitatis, bracteolis majusculis rotun- 
datis ciliatis intermixtis; calyce tubuloso, 5-dentato, margine ciliato ; 
baccis oblongis (siccis), utrinque obscure 4-sulcatis.—c.P. 585. 

Has. Reigam Corle, at no great elevation. 

Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 4-34 poll. lata, petio/o 4-8 lin. longo. 

This species, with G. Wightiana and G. affinis, forms an approach to the next 
genus, the albumen of their seeds being less evidently raminate than m the other 
species of Grumilea herein described, and more or less suleate by the intrusion 
folds of the testa. It would perhaps be most desirable to form of Grumilea a sec- 
tion of Psychotria, seeing that it is quite impossible to determine, in the absence 
tolerably mature fruit, to which of the two genera certain plants should be referred. 


16. PSYCHOTRIA, Linn. 
§ Seminibus, cum albumine incluso, dorso 4-sulcatis. 


1. P. sarmentosa, Blume, Bijd. p. 964; DC. Prodr. iv. p- Spot 
P. scandens, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. Voy. p. 193; Walp. Rep. 
p. 471.—c.. 1712. 


Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
Flores pallide virides, fauce intus flavo-pilosa. Bacce albe. 


§§ Seminibus, cum albumine incluso, dorso 9-sulcatis. 


i P. bisuleata, W. ct A., lc. p. 434; Wight, Icon. t. 1039.—0-? 
(669). pe 
Var. 8; foliis longioribus, minus coriaceis ; floribus param miner 
a oars longioribus, latius suleatis.—c.p. 1720. (An species dis- 
tincta 3 


Rubiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. __ 149 


Has. Var. a. Abundant in the Central Province, at an ‘elevation of 
5000 to 7000 feet. Var. 8. From 2000 to 4000 feet. 


3. P. plurivenia, Thw.; glabra; ramulis compressis ; foliis lineari- 
lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, breve petiolatis, pluriveniis; stipu- 
lis oblongis, longe acuminatis, cito deciduis; corymbis terminalibus, 
basi trichotomis ; floribus ternis, pedicellatis ; calyce longiuscule 5-den- 
. tato; corolle tubo brevi, fauce Sites baccis (siccis) fusiformibus ; 
seminibus late sulcatis.—c.P. 2652. ‘ 

Has. Hewahette, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 
4000 feet. : 

Folia 24-4% poll. longa, 5-12 lin. lata, petio/o 2 lin. longo. 

This species is apparently very closely allied to P. po/yneura, DC. 


4, P. longipetiolata, Thw.; ramulis compressis ; foliis glabris, ellip- 
ticis vel oblongis, basi rotundatis vel parce acutis, longe petiolatis; s¢i- 
pulis oblongis, acutis; corymbis minutissime pilosulis, pedunculatis, 
5-radiatis ; radiis trichotomis, cymellis 7-floris terminatis ; calyce brevi, 
5-dentato; corolle tubo brevissimo; baccis oblongis; seminibus latis- 
sime sulcatis.—c.p. 2707. 

Has. Saffragam District, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 


Folia flavescentia, 3-7 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 poll. longo. 


5. P. sordida, Thw.; ramulis compressis, glabris vel minutissime pu- 
berulis ;_foliis subcoriaceis, oblongis, plus minus acuminatis, basi acutis, 
petiolatis, venis secundariis inconspicuis ; stipulis oblongis, sepe brevi- 
cuspidatis ; pedunculis 3-nis, terminalibus, glabris vel minutissime pu- 
berulis ; floribus sessilibus, 3—4-nis ; calyce brevi, 5-dentato ; corolla 
_ brevi, infundibuliformi, interne glabra; baccis oblongis.—c.P. 333, 355, 
1716 (390, 442, 1713). y 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia 1-4 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata, petio/o 2-5 lin. longo. : : 

A very cute plese ti the shape of the leaves, which are oblong-lan- 
ceolate, with a long acumination, or more rarely ovate and shortly acuminated. 


17. PRISTIDIA, Thw. (gen. nov.). 


Calyx brevissimus, annuliformis. Corolla infundibuliformis, (ante 
anthesin oblonga, apice acute 4-costata); tubo brevi; limbo 4-lobo. 

amina fauce inserta; filamentis brevibus ; antheris majusculis, ob- 
longis, exsertis. Stylus simplex. Stigma oblongum, bilobum.—Frutex 
glaber, 5-6-pedalis; ramulis levibus, parum compressis; foliis levibus, 
parce venosis, oblongis, acuminatis, bast subacutis, etiolatis ; stipulis 
oblongis, basi connatis, apice bidentatis; cymis longe pedunculatis, 
minute bracteolatis, supra-axillaribus vel rarius terminalibus, divi- 
sionibus ultimis spiciformibus ; floribus parvis, late sessilibus, secundis. 

1. P. divaricata, Thw.— Grumilea? divaricata, Thw. MSS. in Herb. 
Hook.—c.p, 2991. : 

Haz. Mapalagam, near Galle, at no great elevation. 

Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 3-A lin. longo. Cyme foliis sub- 
equilonge. Corolla pallide viridis, externe minute puberula, interne parce pilosa, 

I suspect that this species is polygamo-dioicous, and that I have ouly the barren 
flowers : the fruit I have not seen. Psychotria tortilis, Blume, is probably a con- 
gener of this plant. 


150 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. 


18. CHASALIA, Comm., DC. é 


1. GC. curvifiora, Thw. — Psychotria curviflora et P. ophioay- 
loides, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. pp. 167, 168; DC. Prod. iv. 
p- 520. P. ambigua, W. et A., l. c. p. 433.—c.P. 1714 (133, 391, 
partim). ; 

Has. Not uncommon, in shady places, up to an elevation of 4000 
feet. 

Flores polygamo-dioici, fertiles breviores, stigmate exserto. : 

The structure of the fruit of this plant so precisely resembles that of Chasalia, 
as described’ by authors, that there can scarcely be a doubt of the propriety of re- 
ferring it to that genus, as suggested by Wallich, at a time, too, it would appear, he 
was not acquainted with the fruit, since he has not described that organ. 


19. GEOPHILA, Don. 


1. G. reniformis, Don, (W. et A., l. c. p. 436, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tcon. t. 54).—c.P. 1705. ; : 
Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province. 


20. SERISSA, Comm. 


Bl. Bijd. p. 969. Endl. 
Dysodidendron,* Gardner, in Calc, Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol, vii. p. 2. 


1. S. Ceylanica.— Dysod. Ceylanicum, Gard. 1. c.—c.P. 261 (344, 433, _ 
1710, 1711). 

if{azn. Not uncommon in forests of the Central Province. 

Frutex 8-12-pedalis, glaber, ramis dichotomis, parum compressis, pallidis- Folia 
membranacea, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi plus minus acuta, 
brevi-petiolata, 24-6 poll. longa, {-24 poll. lata, petiolo 1-3 lin. longo. Stipule 
breves, plus minus connate, aristato-3-cuspidate, decidue. Pedunculi axillares 
terminalesque, 1—-3-flori, folio multum breviores. Pedice/li basi apiceque 2-brac- 
teolati, dracteolis connatis. Flores 4-meri. Calyx sinuato-4-dentatus. Corolla 
infundibuliformis, extus minute pubescens, fauce villosa, imbo 5-7 lin. in exp- 
Bacce cyaneo-purpures, ovoides vel oblonge, 4-9 lin. longee, 1-loculares, Ee 
sperme.— A descript. cl. Gardner precipue excerpt. 
- 2. S. Gardneri, Thw.; fruticosa, glabra, dichotomo-ramosa ; foliis 
ovatis vel ellipticis, acuminatis, subsessilibus, basi rotundatis corda- 
tisve ; stipulis connatis, aristato-3-cuspidatis ; floribus paucis, termima- 
libus, subsessilibus ; calyce acute 4-fisso.—c.P. 82. 

Has. Forests about Galagama, not uncommon. 

Folia 14-4 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata. Corolla alba, limbo 8 lin. in exp. Bace@ 
Pp -ceeruleze, subspheericee, 4—5 lin. in diam. 

This would seem to differ very slightly, except in having fewer flowers, from Dr. 


* I can find no structural character of sufficient importance to distinguish gene 
rically Dr. Gardner’s species of Dysodidendron from Serissa of Commerson, a8 de- 
scribed by Blume; though the dichotomous ramification and much larger leaves of 
the former give them a different aspect to Serissa fetida, Comm., with.its ¥ 
habit, small leaves, and abbreviated ramuli. Dr. Wight, in describing his La- 

_sianthus ? fotens in Cale. Journ. vol. vi. p. 517 (Dysod. Wightii, Gard.), remarks 
upon its accordance in many respects with Serissa. 


Rubiacea.] CEYLON PLANTS. 151 


Gardner’s Dysod. glomeratum, from the Peninsula of India; but I have no speci- 
mens of the latter for comparison, 


3. S. scabrida, Thw.; fruticosa; ramulis scabridis ; foliis ellipticis, 
acuminatis, basi acutis, glabris; costa petioloque scabridis; stipulis 
connatis, aristato-fimbriatis, scabridis ; foribus terminalibus, sessilibus ; 
calyce piloso, dentibus 4, lineari-lanceolatis.—c.P. 3306. 

Has. Near Ratnapoora. 

The single specimen I possess of this plant has leaves 2 to 3 inches long and 3 to 


14 inch wide, with a petiole about a quarter of an inch long. The flowers and ripe 
fruit I have not seen. ; 


21. HYDROPHYLAX, Linn. 


1. H. maritima, Linn. (W. et A., lc. p. 441, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 760.)—c.P. 1672. 

Has. Common near the sea-shore. Nom. vulg. “ Moohoodoo- 
gattacola. 


22. RUBIA, Tourn. 


1. R. cordifolia, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 442, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 187.)—c.p. 2705. 

Has. Abundant near Badulla, Mr. Ondaatze. Not uncommon 
throughout the Central Province. : 


23. GALIUM, Linn. 


1. G. asperifolium, Wall. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—c.P, 1682. _ 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 


24, BORRERIA, Mey., DC. 


1. B. ocymoides, DC. Prod. iv. p. 544; Burm. Fl. Ind. xxxiv. t. 13. 
fig. 1.—c.p, 1684. 
Has. South of the island, Moon, Gardner, Ferguson. , 


25. SPERMACOCE, Linn. : 


1. S. hispida, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 438, cum syn.)—An S. arti- 
cularis, Lim fi. ; W. Bhs l.c. cum pe P—c.p. 1695, 1696. 

Has. Very abundant. ie 

T find it quite impossible to separate satisfactorily what J take, judging from the 
relative length of the corolla-tube, to be these two reputed species, and doubt their 
being really distinct. 


tt Ovulis pendulis. 
26. KNOXIA, Linn. 
1. K. corymbosa, Willd. (W. et A., l.c. p. 439, cum syn.; Wight, 


Ilust. ii. t. 128.)—c.p. 3619 (1691 partim). 
Has. Cchteal Peceiuns: up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


Corymbi rami ultimi paueiflori. Fructus 14 lin. longi, 1 lin, lati. 


¢ 


152 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiacee. 


2. K. stricta, Gertn. De Fruct. i. p. 122. t. 25.—K. mollis, Br.; W. 
et A., lc. cum syn.—c.P. 3620 (1691 partim). 

Has. Common in the Central Province, on the hills. 

Corymbi rami ultimi pluriflori. Fructus } lin. longus. ae 
_ Differs from the last in its longer, narrower leaves, its subumbellate and elongated 
branches of the corymb, and in its much smaller cocci. 


3. K. Zeylanica, Linn. (W. et A., lc. p. 440, cum syn. ; excl. K. 
stricta, Gert.)—c.P. 1690. 

Has. Common in the southern parts of the island, up to no great 
elevation. Nom. vulg. ‘ Ella-rat-mool.” 


_ 4, K. platycarpa, Arn. Pug. 26 (344); Walp. Rep. ii. p. 468.—c.P. 
1689 (2470). ‘ 

Var. B. hirsuta.—K. hirsuta, Arn. 1. c.; Walp. 1. c. p. 469.—¢.P- 
1688. 

Var. y. foliosa; foliis majoribus, plus minus hirsutis, ovatis vel lan- 
ceolatis ; corymbis foliosis; lobis calycinis longioribus (uno maximo 
sicut in varr. aliis).—c.p. 51 (118, 210, 422, 505). : 

Has. Very abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of” 
4000 to 7000 feet. Varr. a and 8, amongst grass; var. y, 10 damp, 
rich ground. 

An extremely variable species as regards the size of the leaves and amount of 


pubescence on the several parts of the plant, but the several forms merge insensibly 
into one another. 


27. CANTHIUM, Lam. 


1, ©. didymum, Gaertn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 425, cum syn.)—C. wm- 
bellatum, Wight, Icon. t. 1034. C. wadulatum, Champion, in Hook. 
Kew Journ. of Bot. iv. p. 198.—c.p. 1667, 3511. 
—— B. lanceolatum.—C. lanceolatum, Arn. Pug. 24 (342).—¢-P- 

Var. _y. rostratum ; foliis ellipticis, rostrato-acuminatis ; floribus 
paucioribus, subumbellatis, parum longioribus ; fructibus parum ma 
joribus.—c.p. 2607. igs 

Var. oe eee ag ; foliis multo majoribus, superne nitidissimis. 
—O.P. ; 

Has. Varr. a and 8, abundant up to an elevation of 4000 feet; 
varr. y and 6, near Ratnapoora. 


_ 2, ©. montanum, Thw.; arboreum, inerme; foliis valde coriacels; 
ovatis vel orbicularibus, obtusis, pauciveniis, brevi-petiolatis ; pedun- 
.eulis axillaribus ; floribus 5-meris, subumbellatis.—c.P. 2610, 2653. 
Var. 8. minus; foliis minoribus, utrinque parum angustatis ; pedi- 
cellis post anthesin recurvis.—c.P. 1685. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. : 
Preecedenti valde affinis, et quoad inflorescentiam varietati y ejusdem simillima, 
forsan varietas. 


Gass parviflorum, Lam. (W. et A., l.c. p. 426, cum syn.)—C-P. 1662 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

4, C. macrocarpum, Thw.; fruticosum, subscandens, _spinosum } 
ramulis teretibus, rufo-pilosulis ; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, 


Rubiacee.]} CEYLON PLANTS. : 153 


rotundatis, utrinque rufo-pilosulis ; petiolo nervisque tomentosis ; cymis 
ilosis, axillaribus, brevibus, pedunculatis; pedicellis calyce subequi- 
aN Joribus 5-meris ; baccis majusculis, rotundatis, parum com- 
pressis, emarginatis ; seminibus tuberculatis.—c.P. 2816. 

Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Folia 13-8 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Calyx minute 
5-dentatus. Corolla fusco-albida, Jodis lanceolatis, tubo interne piloso parum lon- 
gioribus. Stamina exserta. Bacce pollicares. 


5. C. Rheedei, DC. (W. et A., 1. c. cumsyn. ; varr. 8 et y.)—c.P. 1666. 

Var. 5. minus; foliis minoribus; spinis rectis, adscendentibus; 
alabastris subito attenuatis, acutis.—c.P. 3420.—An species distincta P 

Has. Southern and central parts of the island, up to no great eleva- 
tion. Var. 6. Near Ratnapoora. — 

6. C. campanulatum, Thw.; fruticosum, subscandens, spinosum ; 
ramulis teretibus, pilosis ; foliis parvis, glabris, rotundatis, ovatis vel 
lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis, apiculatis, petiolatis; fusciculis 1-4- 
floris, axillaribus ; pedicellis petiolo multum longioribus; alabastris 
acutis, medio constrictis; corolla campanulata; limbo 5-lobo; baceis 
obeordatis, compressis ; seminibus tuberculatis.—c.P. 2472. 

Has. Deltotte, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet ; 
not common. 

Folia 5-14 lin. longa, 3-8 lin. lata, petiolo 1-1} lin. longo. Pedicelli glabri, 
tenues, 3-4 lin. longi. Calye glaber, crateriformis, minute 5-dentatus. Corolle 
lobi 2 lin. longi, ¢vbo prope basin piloso equilongi. Anthere parum exserte. Stylus 
conicus. Stigma obconicum, utrinque truncatum, indivisum. Bacce pisi magni- 


tudine. 


28. TIMONIUS, Rumph., DC. 
Nelitris, Gertner. Eupyrena, W. et A. 


1. T. Iambosella, Thw.—Nelitris Iambosella, Gertn. De Fruct. i. 
p. — Ay A syn.). Eupyrena glabra, W. et A., 1. ¢. p. 422.— 
OP. ; ; oo 

Has. Very common in the southern and central parts of the island, 
Up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Arbor parva, 8-10-pedalis. Folia subtus ad costam glanduloso-porosa. Inflo- 
rescentia axillaris, polygamo-dioica. Corolla ochracea, /obis comosis, interne lon- 
gitudinaliter 4~-6-sulcatis, subimbricatis. FLor. Fam, Solitarii, eam apice pedunculi 
Plus minus elongati articulati, bibracteolati. Ovarium seepissime 12-loculare. Stylus 
- Simplex. Stigmata 12, in fasciculis 4 coalita. Peduneuli mase. bifurci, pauciflori. 
_ Flores axe spicati, subsecundi. Anthere lineari-oblonge, subsessiles, inclusw. 
_ Stylus apice minute bifidus. A mea 


Sect. 2. Corolle segmentis contorto-imbricatis. 
+ Ovarié looutis 1-o0nlatis. 
/ 29. GUETTARDA, Linn. 
1. G. speciosa, Linn. (W. et A., lc. 422, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. 


ao 40.)—c.p. 2990 


— Has. Caltura, Moon. Near Galle. Nom. vulg. “ Nil-pitcha.” 
2 x 


154 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. — 


30. COFFEA, Linn. 


1. CG. Travancorensis, Herb. Mad.; W. et A., lc. p. 435.—C, 
triflora, Moon’s Cat. p. 15 (non Forst.)—c.p. 2458.—An C. Bengha- 
lensis, Roxb. var. P 

Has. Warm, moister parts of the island, up to an elevation of 3000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Gas-pitcha.” 

Frutex 4-8-pedalis. Ramuli adscendentes, pilis brevibus scabri. Folia 1-4 poll. 
longa, 4-2 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 1 lin. longo. Bacce spheerice vel parum 
oblate, nigre, 4-5 lin. in diam. (siccze) subdidyme. Semina hemispherica, ad 
hilum excavata, 

2. C. Wightiana, Wall. (W. et A., lc. p. 436; Wight, Icon. t. 
1598.)—c.P. 1654. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. : 

Differing from the last principally in its more horizontal ramification and smaller 
leaves, but, as remarked by Wight and Arnott, the two are probably forms of one 
species. 

3. C.? elliptica, Thw.; dioica, glaberrima; foliis subcoriaceis, in- 
tegris, ellipticis vel oblongis, acuminatis, basi angustatis, petiolatis ; 
stipulis majusculis, oblongis, acutis, convolutis ; pedunculis termina- 
libus, ternis; pedicellis subequilongis, ternis, folio multum brevi- 
oribus ; bracteolis paucis, parvis, squamzeformibus, versus basin pedi- 
cellorum sparsis ; calyce integro A minutissime denticulato ; corolle 
tubo intus ad apicem piloso, Jobis oblongis obtusis duplo longiore. 
Masc. Antheris sessilibus, linearibus, apiculatis, inclusis, medio ; 
stylo tubo breviore, subclavato ; stigmatis lobis angustis, coherentibus ; 
ovarit rudimento subnullo.—c.p. 3482. 

Has. Hinidoon Corle, at no great elevation. 

Arbor parva 10-12-pedalis, (sicca) nigrescens. Folia 4-10 poll. longa, 2-3 pO ee | 
lata, petiolo 4-14 poll. longo. Calycis tubus 1 lin. longus. Corolla alba, tubo 120 
lin. longo, /odis oblongis, obtusis, 8 lin. longis. 7. fm. ignoti. a 

This species is placed provisionally only with Coffea, with which it agrees in many 
respects, until the structure of the female flower is known: it will then probably be 
found to be generically quite distinct. eee 

C. Arabica, L.., so extensively cultivated in the island, springs up in the forests 
from seeds carried by birds, monkeys, etc., but cannot be considered indigenous. 


’ 


31. PRISMATOMERIS, Thw. 
Hook. Kew Journ. Bot, viii. p. 268. : 
_ Calyx cupuliformis, subinteger. Corolle segmenta carnosa, i 
tica, basi excavata. Filamenta brevia. Anther@ incluse, apicibus e& — 
1. P. albidiflora, Thw. l.c. t. 7 A.—c.P. 728. | oe 
_ Has. Not very uncommon in the southern and central parts of the 
island, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. es 
This plant would appear, at first sight, to offer an exception to the character of 
the section in which it is placed, but the convolute sstivation of the corolla is of 
necessity modified owing to the peculiar form and fleshy structure. 


: et opncinn, Linn. (W. et A., l.c. p. 427; Wight, Icon. t. 153.)— 2 


Rubiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 155 


Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ratambala.” 


2. I. calycina, Thw.; glabra; foliis ovatis vel lanceolatis, acumi- 
natis, basi cordatis rotundatis vel acutis, brevi-petiolatis ; venis prima- 
ris subhorizontalibus ; corymbis terminalibus, trichotomis ; pedicellis 
brevibus, confertis ; bracteolis longiusculis, linearibus ; segmentis caly- 
emis integris, lanceolatis, acutis, ovario 3-5-plo longioribus; corol, 
lobis oblongo-rotundatis, acutis, tubo cylindrico multum brevioribus ; 
baccis ovoideis vel sphericis, calyce coronatis.—c.P. 448. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 14-4 poll. longa, 4-2 poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. 
Corolla alba, rubro-tincta. 

' Allied apparently to I. polyantha, Wight, Icon. t. 1066, but distinguished by its 
much smaller leaves and flowers, and its glabrous corymbs. 


3. I. jucunda, Thw. ; foliis glabris, lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, 
acuminatis, basi angustatis, petiolatis ; corymbis terminalibus, pilosulis, 
multifloris, basi trichotomis; divisionibus primariis elongatis ; bracteo- 
lis parvis, acutis ; segmentis calycinis truncatulis, ovario brevidribus.— 
0.P. 702 (1715, 2455, 2573). : 

Var. 8; foliis anguste lanceolatis; segmentis calycinis subacutis, 
quam corolle lobi angustioribus.—c.p. 3424. : 

Var. y; tubo corolle multo breviore.—c.p. 2 (406, 739).—An species 
distincta ? 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
_ Arbor parva, 10-20-pedalis.. Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 1-4 poll. lata, petiolo 2-5 
lin. longo. Corymbi seepe coccinei. Corolla alba, rubro-tincta, /odis circiter 2 lin, 
longis, oblongis, acutiusculis ; ¢vbo, var. a and B, 7-14 lin. longo; var. y, 2-3 lin. 

fongo. Bacce subspherice, atro-rubre. ewes 

The short tube of the corolla in var. y gives it an appearance very different from 
that of the other varieties, and further investigation may prove it to be specifically 
distinct ; but I can at present discover no other character of importance sufficient to 

_ Justify its separation as a species, and especially, too, as a similar variation is observ- 

able in Pavetta Indica, L. 

; _ ‘hee Vahl, (W. et A., l.c. p. 429, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. 
» 41 1.)—c.p. 2575. Lee 

Has. Hot drier parts of the island, up to no great elevation. 


5. I. acuminata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 383; Roxb. et Wall. Fl. Ind. 
P- 393; Wight, Icon. t. 706.—c.r. 748. | 
- Var. 8; ramulis foliisque utrinque velutinis. 


| Has. Not very uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var. 8. 


Hot drier parts of the island. oe ee ae 
___ In my specimens the stipules are rounded and cuspidate, and the throat of the 
_ corolla is not hairy, but I cannot doubt their being specifically identical with Rox- 
_burgh’s plant. 


33. PAVETTA, Linn. 
§ Floribus corymbosis.. 


1. P. Indica, Linn. (W. et A,, Le. p- 431, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 148.)—o.r. 1663 and 2456. 


156 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. 


Var. 8; corymbis delicatulis, paucifloris ; pedicellis elongatulis ; fo- 
liis anguste Janceolatis, membranaceis.—c.P. 2611. 

Var. y; calyce parum majore; tubo corolle breviore quam in varr. a 
et 8.—c.P. 2512,—An Izora breviflora, Roxb. ? 

Var. 8; foliis subtus corymbisque puberulis.—c.P. 3616. 

Has. Var. a. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var. 8. 
Ambagamowa District. Var. y. Common at an elevation of 3000 to 
4000 feet. Var. 8. Batticaloa. Nom. vulg. “ Pawetta.” 

Calyx dentibus 4, acutiusculis, tubo 3-plo brevioribus, marginatus vel minute 4- 

-denticulatus. Coro//a externe glabra, two interne piloso. 


_2. P. tomentosa, Sm. (W. et A., l.c. cum syn.)—ZLvora tomentosa, 
Roxb. Wight, Icon. t. 186.—c.P. 2815. 
Has. Abundant in the Batticaloa District. : 
Dentes calycini \anceolati, tubo longiores. Corolle (obi externe parce pilosi. 
This agrees so well in nearly every respect with Roxburgh’s description and draw- 
_ ing, as copied in Wight’s ‘ Icones,’ that I cannot venture to separate them. The only 
difference of any importance appears to be the greater length of the calyx-lobes in 
_ the present plant. scat : 
8. BP. hispidula, W. et A., l.c.—c.p. 742 (759, 771). 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
 -«—- Frutex 2-4-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, tomentosi vel subglabri. Folia lanceolata 
vel obovato-lanceolata, acuminata, basi cuneata, membranacea, superne hispidula 
‘ glabra, subtus tomentosa vel subglabra, 23-8 poll. longa, 1-3 poll. lata, petiolo 2-6 
lin. longo. Dentes calycini parvi acutique vel tubo subeequilongi, obtusiuseuli, vel 
varius foliaceo-dilatati, Corolla albida. Bacca nigri, nitidee, subspherice, (ee ge 
_ pollicares. 
_ A variable species, distinguished from the preceding by its yellowish, rather large 
flowers, and its very long style, gradually attenuated from above the middle, and 
from the following by the very different shape of the leaves. 
4. P, angustifolia, Thw.; foliis glabris (junioribus subtus ad nervoS 
pilosulis), lineari-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis, petiolatis stipulis 
membranaceis, apiculatis, externe hispidulis, interne glabris ; co ‘ 
brevibus, basi trichotomis, pilosulis; pedicellis longiusculis ; dentibus 
calycinis acutis, apice recurvis; ¢wbo brevioribus ; corolle lobis \inearl- 
bus, acutis ; s¢y/o elongato, versus apicem attenuato.—c.P. 267. oe 
oS Banks of streams, in the Central Province ; not uncommon. 
Frutex parvus. Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 3-1 poll. lata, petiolo 1-5 lin. longo. 
Corolla albida, tubo 7-10 lin. 5s. foes hdr lobis 3 tn, longis, Bacca pist 
_magnitudine, ‘ ie 


on §§ Floribus glomeratis. | = 
__ 5, BP. involucrata, Thw.; foliis glabris, obovatis vel obovato-lanceo- 


___ latis, brevi-acuminatis, basi angustatis, rotundatis vel acutis, petiolatis 
i ae aa axillaribus, arcte involucratis, pedunculatis.—¢-P- 
oa Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. : 
_- Fruter 10-12-peilalis, (siccus) nigrescens. Fo/ia 24-5 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, 
__ petiolo 4-¥ poll. longo. Pedunculi folio multum oil pe Involucra folios®, 
__ $qvamis membranaceis, interne pilosis. _Ca/ycis lobi lineares, interne pilosi, tubo 
__ subsequilongi. — Corolla albida, Zobis acutis, tubum equantibus. Stylus corolla duplo 
___ Tongior, apice pilosulus. Bacce spheric, nigre, pisi magnitudine. Wa 


Rubiacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. 157 


tt Ovari loculis 2-pluriovulatis. 


34. EPITHINIA, Jack. 


1. E. Malayana, Jack, (W. et A., l.c. p. 424, cum syn.)—c.P. 1665. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 

As far as I can make out from dried specimens, the two ovules in each loculus ap- 
ei be attached to a central placenta, and one of them to be erect and the other 
pendulous. her Fe 


+ 


35. HYPTIANTHERA, W. et A. 


1. Hi. macrocarpa, Thw.; foliis glabris, oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, 
basi parum angustatis, petiolatis ; fasciculis axillaribus vel paulo supra- 
axillaribus, paucifloris ; pedicellis petiolo brevioribus ; calycis lobis bre- 
vissimis, rotundatis, apiculatis; baccis oblongis, subsphericis, pauci- 
spermis, l-locularibus; seminibus plus minus compressis; albumine 
ruminato.—c.p. 2709. 

Haz. Ambagamowa District, and between Galle and Ratnapoora, at 
no great elevation. 

Frutex 8-10-pedalis. Folia 5-8 poll. longa, 14-2} poll. lata, petiolo circiter 
2 poll. longo. Corolle tubus cylindricus, 2 lin. longus, interne pilosus ; obi 5, 
breviores, rotundati, seeus medium pilosi. -Anthere lineares. Bace@ subpollicares. 

is species agrees in most of its characters with Hyptianthera of Wight and 
ae but those authors make no mention of the seeds of their plant being ru- 
minate. 


36. SCYPHOSTACHYS, Thw. 


Calyx brevis, tubulosus, 4-dentatus. Corolle tubus brevis, li 
_  lobus. Anthere 4, oblong, subincluse. Filamenta brevia, fauce © 

_-Inserta. Stylus brevis. Stigmata 2, divergentia. Ovarium 2-loculare ; 
——— leculis circiter aeoeuintin.«< Patines ; foliis Janceolatis ; stipulis acumi- 

_ natis, connatis ; pedunculis axillaribus vel supra-axillaribus, ad apicem 
_-Sracteolatis, paucifloris ; bracteolis majusculis, connatis, vaginantibus ; 
pte floribus sessilidus, parvis. Fructus baccatus. 

1. 8. pedunculatus, Thw.; vamulis scabridis; foliis glabris vel - 
 subtus ad nervos pilosulis ; stipudis bracteolisque striatis, cuspidatis, — 


interne longe pilosis; corolla externe pilosa; baccis ovoideis.—c.r. 


_ Has. Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. Lae 
Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 2-24 lata, petiolo 2 lin. longo. Pedunculi 2-5 lin. longi, 
_ Sepissime deflexi. Bracteole sepe 5-8, tanquam spicam formantes. Bacce 7 lin. 
oat atro-purpure, szepissime l-sperme. Semina lineari-oblonga, circiter 4 lin. 
__2. S. coffeoides, Thw.; foliis glabris, subcoriaceis ; pedunculis bre- 
vibus vel subnullis ; satietas sipahs ue muticis, subscariosis, interne 
siabris ; corolla externe glabra.—c.P. 2710. | : 
_ Han. Ratnapoora District, abundant, up to no great elevation. Nom. 


_ Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 3-12 lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. Lengo. Bacce rubre. Semina 
oblonga, striata, circiter 2 lin. longa. | 


158 ENUMERATION OF [ Rubiaceae. 


37. DISCOSPERMUM, Dalzell, Walpers. 


Diplospora, DC. (nomen prioritatem habens, sed quoad plantarum structuram 
decipiens). 


1, D. Dalzellii, Thw.; floribus polygamo-dioicis. Fam. Ovarit 
loculis 6-7-ovulatis.—An D. spherocarpum, Dalz. in Hook. Kew 
Journ. of Bot. ii. p. 257 ?—c.P. 561 (753, 767). 

Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 

Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 3-14 lata, petiolo 8 lin. longo. Flores albidi, sessiles vel 
subsessiles. Fam. Corolle tubus brevior quam in flor. masc. Ovwla prope mar- 
ginem inferiorem placents subhemispheericee inserta. Bacce spheericee, carnosi, 
virides, pollicares. : 

The ovules of this plant are more numerous than described by Dalzell in his 
D. spherocarpum, aud that author does not notice the dioicous inflorescence, but I 

suspect the two plants may prove identical.* 


2. D. erythrosporum, Thw. ; floribus polygamo-dioicis ; ealyce minute 


4-dentato; staminibus longiusculis. Fror. Fem. Ovarii loculis 3-4- 
ovulatis ; baccis ie ovoideis vel subsphericis ; seminibus oblongis ; 
ulosa 


testa sey sor .—c.P. 2510, 3481. 
Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 14-8 lin. longo. Flores flavidi. 
Bacca circiter 4 lin. in diam. Semina 3 lin. longa. , 


ra 


38. STYLOCORYNE, Cav. ‘ 


1. 8. Webera, A. Rich. (W. et A. Le. p. 401, cum syn.; Wight = 


Icon. tt. 309, 584.)—c.P. 185. 

_ Var. 8. montana ; gemmis alabastrisque gummiferis ; floribus ma- 

joribus.— Webera cerifera, Moon, Cat. p. 19.—c.P. 1649. - oe 
Has. Very abundant throughout the island. Var. 8 in more ele- 

vated localities than var. a. Nan, vulg. “ Tarrana-gass.” 


39. GRIFFITHIA, W. et A. ae 
1. G. fragrans, W. et A., 1. c. p. 400, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. t- 310. 


9. G. Gardneri, Thw.; inermis; foliis glabris, nitidis, lanceolatis, 
axillaribus, folio bre- 


- * T cannot find any difference of importance. The calyx-limb differs much in 
the several species of this genus, and requires the generic character to be emer. 
It is 4-lobed in D. spherocarpum and Dalzellit ; urceolate and entire in D. op 


carpum ; subeampanulate and minutely 4-toothed in D. erythrosporum.—J. D: He 


Valerianacea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 159 


lanceolatis ; tubo duplo longioribus.—Stylocoryne Ceylanica, Gardn., 
MSS.—c.r. 657 (746). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva, elegans, 15-20-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, parum compressi. Folia 
2-4} poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Flores flavidi, Zodis 4 lin. 
longis. Placente 8-12-ovulate. Bacce subspherice, 4-5 lin. in diam. 

3. G. rugulosa, Thw.; foliis rugulosis, ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, 
brevi-acuminatis, subtus ad nervos pilosis, denique glabris, petiolatis ; 
corymbis adpresse pilosis, folio oppositis, ad axillam folii abortivi parvi 
spineeformis solitariis ; dentibus calycinis brevibus, subulatis.—c.P. 245. 

Haz. Ambagamowa, Saffragam, and Galle Districts; not common. 

Frutex ; ramulis striatulis, cinereis, junioribus pilosulis. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 
1-8 poll. lata, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Stipula rotundate, cuspidate, interne ad 
basin glandulose. Bacce globose, pisi magnitudine. 


40. RANDIA, Houst. 


1. R. dumetorum, Lam. (W. et A., l.c. p. 397, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 580.)—R. longispina, DC., W. et A., l.c. p. 398; ight, Icon. 
t. 582.—c.p. 1652. 

Has. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 
wee uliginosa, DC. (W. et A., Lc.; Wight, Icon. t. 397.)—c.P. 

Has. Trincomalee, W. Morris, Esq. __ 

The unripe fruit of this plant, Mr. Morris informs me, is employed as a vegetable 
by the Cinghalese. 


41. GARDENIA, Ellis. 


1. G. carinata, Wall. in Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 560; DC. Prod. iv. p. 
380.—An G@. costate, Roxb. var. ?—o.p. 3618 (1655 partim). 

Has. Batticaloa District, Gardner. ; 

In the herbarium I have specimens with no locality indicated, and Mr. Ww. 
Ferguson has sent me from Colombo the leaves of another species of Gardenia 
(“Gallis-gass” of the Cinghalese), which seems to resemble in many respects G. 
latifolia, Ait., but Mr. F. is under the impression that the fruit is costate, so the 
boned must remain in doubt until flowers and fruit can be obtained for exami- 

ion. 


42. WENDLANDIA, Bartl. 
1. 'W. Notoniana, Wall. (W. et A., Lc. p. 403, cum syn.) — W. 


bicuspidata, W. et A. 1. c.—c.P. 315. : 
= ‘Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

_ The stipules are very variable in form; sometimes deeply bifid, but_more fre- 
quently merely retuse at the apex, with the sinus mucronate, and often quite entire. 


LXXXII. VALERIAN. ACEH. 


oe 1. VALERIANA, Neck. 
_L. V. Hlardwiekii, Wall. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 166.)—DC. Prod. iv. 


160 ENUMERATION OF [ Composite. 


p- 640.—V. elata, Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. -. 159. V. Hookeriana, W. 
et A. Prod. i. p. 444. V. Arnottiana, Wight, Ic. tt. 1045, 1046.— 
c.P. 150 (1729). 

Has. Newera Ellia, abundant. 

The amount of pubescence upon the leaves varies very much. In my specimens 
the achenia are not at all hairy between the ribs. 


LXXXIII. DIPSACEZ. 


1. DIPSACUS, Tourn. 


1. D. Leschenaultii, Coult—DC. Prod. iv. p. 647.—D. Watkeri, 
Arn. Pug. p. 26 (334); Wight, Ic. t. 1166.—c.P. 2404 (1730). 
Has. Newera Ellia, at an elevation of 7000 feet. . 


LXXXIV. COMPOSITZ. 


1. VERNONIA, Schreb. 


1. V. Javanica, DC. Prod. v. p. 22, cum syn.—c.p. 1742. 
Has. Not uncommon, at the margins of damp woods, up to an ele- 
vation of 5000 feet: very abundant in the Ambagamowa District. 


en! Wightiana, Arn. Pug. p. 27 (345) ; DC. Prod. vii. p. 263.—c.P. 

41). 

Var. 8; foliis anguste lanceolatis, subtus parce tomentosis.—0.P. 

164.—An species distincta? ae 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. Var. 8. 

In the Ambagamowa District. oo et 
The different form of the leaves, and their much smaller amount of pubescence, : 

give a distinct appearance to var. 8; but it resembles var. a so closely in the whole 

structure of the inflorescence that I cannot venture to separate them. ot 


3. V. Zeylanica, Less. (DC. Prod. v. p. 26, cum syn.)—c.P. 1738., 

Has. Common, in the warmer parts of the island, up to an elevation — 

of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “‘ Poopoola.” ve 

4. 'V. conyzoides, DC. Prod. v. p. 25, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1076. 

: amt Hookeriana, Arn. Pug. p. 28 (346) ; . Prod. vii. p. 263.—C-P- 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 4000 feet. 

_ The outer series of the pappus in my specimens is very inconspicuous. 

5. V. cinerea, Less. (DC. Prod. v. p. 24, cum syn.)—c.P. 1736. 

Hep. Sey abundant throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Monera- 

eya.” ane 


6. V. Neilgherryensis, DC. 1. c. p. 32; Wight, Icon. t. 1078.—T- 
setigera, Arn. Pug. p. 27 (345); DC. Prod. vii. p. 263.—c.r. 20 (169, 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. S 
_ 7. V. anthelmintica, Willd. (DC. Prod. y. p.61, cum syn.)—c-P. 487. 


: » Gala Gardner. Common in native gardens, but Thave — 
never met it truly wild. | 


Composite.) CEYLON PLANTS. 161 


8. V. Gardneri, Thw.; herbacea; foliis subsessilibus, lanceolatis vel 
.anguste lanceolatis, acute serratis, subglabris, basi angustatis ; corymbo 
oligocephalo ; capitulis majusculis, multifloris, longe pedunculatis ; in- 
volucri squamis lanceolatis, sepe abrupte angustatis, squarrosis, eate- 
rioribus brevioribus angustioribusque ; acheniis cylindraceis, pilosis, 
Peppe exteriore brevissimo; receptaculo alveolo-fimbriato.—c.r, 27, 
45, 2 : 

Var. 8. nervosa ; foliis firmis, ovatis vel rotundatis, acuminatis, venis 
subtus oe ge invol. squamis brevi-acuminatis.—c.P. 44.—An 
species distincta ? 

Has. Central Province. Var. a. In shady places, up to an elevation 
of 5000 feet. Var. 8. On exposed, wet, fouky slopes, between Horton 
Plains and Galagama. 

Var. a of this species closely resembles V. anthelmintica, but the latter is distin- 
guished by its smaller florets, obtuse involucre-scales, larger seeds, and naked recep- 
tacle. Var. 8 differs from var. @ in the shape of the leaves, and their veins being 
much more prominent beneath ; but in other respects it seems to agree with un- 
doubted forms of this very variable species. 


9. V. nemoralis, Thw.; herbacea, cawle minute gs piloso, fo- 
lits lanceolatis, acuminatis, distanter serratis, subglabris, basi angus- 

_tatis, capitulis 20-30-floris, longiuscule pedunculatis, involucri squamis 
“hag floccosis, lineari-oblongis, apice plus minus rotundatis, mucronu- 

tis, interioribus subelongatis, achentis pilosis, pappo exteriore brevi, 

subpaleaceo, receptaculo alveolato-fimbriato.—o.P. 216. : 

an . Saffragam and contiguous districts, at no great elevation. 

__ Closely allied to the preceding, from which it is principally distinguished by its 

: florets and the different shape of its involucre-scales. erie. °F 

10. V. pectiniformis, DC. Prod. v. p. 31; Wight, Ic. t. 1077.—P. 
puncticulata, DC. Prod. vii. p. 264.—c.P. 294 (567). 

__Has. Central Province, to an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. — 

— subglabra. Pappus plus minus rufescens, serie externa 3-4-plo breviore, 

ua, 


s a i. V. scariosa, Arn. Pug. p. 28 (346).—Decaneurum ? scariosum, 
DC. Prod. vii. p. 264.—c.P. 389. - PE era ees 

vg B. — ; elatior ; involucri sqwamis villosis, latioribus, abrupte — 

_ &t longe subulato-acuminatis.—c.P. 2825. a a 

-_ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. Var. 8. 

Tn very damp shady places. : Tee 


2. ELEPHANTOPUS, Cass. 


ae E. seaber, Linn. (DC. Prod. v. p. 865 Wight Toon. t. 1086).— 
CP, 1772. = 

Has. Very abundant in open places in the warmer parts of the 
island. Nom. vulg. “ At-addeya.” ; : < : us : 


3. AGERATUM, Linn. 


1. A. conyzoides, Linn. (DC. Prod. v. p. 108, cum syn.)—o.p. 3633. 
= Has, pat an er throughout the island, { from the sea- 
level to an elevation of 7000 feet. 


i 


162 ENUMERATION OF { Composita. 


4. ADENOSTEMMA, Forst. 


1. A. viscosum, Forst. (DC. Prod. v. p. 111, cum syn.)—A. latifo- 
lium, Don; DC. 1. c. p. 112; Wight, Ic. t. 1087. A. erectum, DC. 1c. 
p. 113. A. reticulatum, DC. 1.c.; Wight, Icon. t. 1088. A. angus- 
tifolium, Arn. Pug. 29 (347); DC. Prod. vii. p. 266.—c.P. 594. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island. 


5. LAGENOPHORA, Cass. 


1. L. Harveyi, Thw.; foliis spathulato-oblongis, sinuato-dentatis, 
lus minus hirsutis ; scapo foliis 2-3-plo longiore; involucri squamis 
Einar laioodlatis, subglabris ; achenits 3-serialibus, glabris, margine 
incrassato, rostro antice glanduloso ; receptaculo conico.—c.P. 21 (513). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet, not 
very uncommon. 


The triserial arrangement of the acheenia, pointed out to me by my friend Pro- 
fessor W. H. Harvey, when we were examining the plant together in the is oe 
scems sufficient to separate this from the other described species of the genus. a 


6. MYRIACTIS, Less. 


1, M. Wightii, DC. Prod. vy. p. 308; Wight, Icon. t. 1091.—M. 
Gmelini, DC. 1. c. p. 309.—An M. Javanica et M. pilosa, DC. le. 
p- 308 P—c.p. 1740. ; 

Has. Very abundant in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
5000 to 8000 feet. ae 


7. AMPHIRHAPIS, DC. : 

1. A. Zeylanica, DC. Prod. vii. p.279.—Solidago Zeylanica, AtD. 
> (347).—c.p. 152. 

. Abundant throughout the island. 


8. SPHBRANTHUS, Vaill. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Mooda-mahana.”) ue 


spi & microcephalus, Willd. (DO. Prod. v. p. 369, cum syn.)—C.P- 
0. | er. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. ) 


2. 8. hirtus, Willd. (DC. l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1094.)— 


c.P. 1769. 
Has. Very abundant on the borders of paddy-fields. S 
3. S. amaranthoides, Burm. (DC. |. c. p. 370, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 1149.)—c.P. 1768. cae 
Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 


9. DICHROCEPHALA, DC. 3 

1. D. latifolia, DC. Prod. v. p.372, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1096. 
—c.P. 1766, 3303. os 

Has. Very common in waste places. 7 


Composite. | CEYLON PLANTS. 163 


10. GRANGEA, Adans. 


1, G. Maderaspatana, Poir. (DC. Prod. v. p. 373, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 1097.)—c.P. 1767. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island. 


11. CONYZA, Less. 


1. ©. Higyptiaca, DC. Prod. v. p. 382.—C. semipinnatifida, Wall. ; 
DC. 1c. Hrigeron hispidum, DC. E c. p. 292, cum syn, ZH. sublira- 
tum, Roxb. ; De. 1. e.—c.P. 1733. 

Has. ‘North of the island, Gardner. 


2. C. viscidula, Wall. (DC. l.c. p. 383.)—C. Wallichii, DC. le. 


p- 384, cum syn.—c.P. 1739. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 


12. BLUMEA, DC. 


1. B. amplectens, DC. Prod. v. p. 433, cum syn.—c.P. 1730, 3523. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

2. B. arenaria, DC. |. c. cum syn.—c.P. 1732. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

3. B. barbata, DC. 1. c. p. 434.—c.P. 1731. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

4. B.lacera, DC. 1. c. p. 436, cum syn.—B. Wightiana, DC. 1.c. 
p. 435, cum syn.; Arn. Pug. 29 (347).—c.P. 1735. 

Has. Very abundant t hout the island, on the borders of 
paddy-fields, ete. 
soo B: bieraciifolia, DC. 1c. p. 442; Wight, Icon. t. 1099.—c.r. 19, 


Var. 8; caulibus foliisque subtus dense villosis. _ 
Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 
Dr. Wight’s figure, quoted above, would seem to represent a stunted form or a 
__ Very early stage = pha of the present plant, which here usually occurs from 3 to 
5 feet or even more in height. 
6. B. crinita, Arn. . 30 (348) ; DC. Prod. vii. p. 283.—c.P. 147. 
Has. Adam’s Peni ind Newera Ellia, Gardner. 
Closely allied to and very much resembling the preceding species, but apparently 
quite distinct. I have Mei fot the plant in a fresh state, my specimens having 
collected by Dr, Gardner. 
7. B. alata, DC. Prod. v. p. 448, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1101.— 
©.P. 551 (683). : 
Hay: Grassy places, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 
_ to 6000 feet. 
8. B. glandulosa, DC. 1. c. p. 438.—c.P. 1734, 2822. 


Var. 8; subglabra, eglandulosa.—o.P. 560. 
Soesintat up hago elevation of 4000 feet. Var. 8. In damp 


oe “shady places, 
9. B. myriocephala, DC. l.c. p. 445.—An B. grandis, DC. 1.c. p. 
447 2—c.p, 1744, (2557). 


164 ENUMERATION OF | Composite 


Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Herbacea, 4—6-pedalis. Folia ad basin lobulis parvis paucis appendiculata. 
Achenia pubescentia. 

10. B. angustifolia, Thw.; humilis ; foliis glabris, integris, oe 
lanceolatis, obtusiusculis, obscure et remote denticulatis, basi longe | 
cuneatis; corymbis oligocephalis; capitulis plurifloris pedicellisque — 
plus minus lanato-villosis ; ixvolwcri squamis lineari-lanceolatis, apice 
fibrillatis, disco parum longioribus; receptaculo glabro; achenus 

labris.—c.P. 691. oe 
- Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 

Herbacea, suberecta, pedalis, basi procumbens, ramosa, radicans. Folia 1-3 poll. 
longa, 2-4 lin, lata. losculi flavidi. Pappus paucus, albus. 


13. EPALTES, Cass. 


1. EB. divaricata, Cass. (DC. Prod. v. p. 461.)—E. linearifolia, DC. 
le. EF. pygmea, DC. 1. e.—c.p. 234. ue 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. “ Heen-moodoo-mahana.” 


14. VICOA, Cass. 


_ 1. V. Indica, DC. Prod. v. p. 474, cum syn.—o.p. 1757. 
Has. Abundant up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


15. ECLIPTA, Linn. 


_1. &. erecta, Linn. (DC. Prod. y. p. 490, eum syn.)—EF. prostrata, ~ 
Linn. ; DC. Le. cum syn, ZB. pareiflora, Wall.; DC. 1. ¢.—o.r. 1754 
Has. Extremely abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Keekerindi.” a 


16. BLAINVILLEA, Cass. 
1. B. latifolia, DC. Prod. v. p. 492, cum syn.—c.P. 1753. 
: - Not uncommon in waste places. 
17. SIEGESBECKIA, Linn. ee 
1. 8. orientalis, Linn. (DO. Prod. v. p. 495; Wight, Icon. t. 1103.) 
Has. Common in waste places. ale 


18. XANTHIUM, Tourn. 


1, XX. strumarium, Linn. (DC. Prod. v. p. 523, cum syn.)—<4- Inti- 
eum, Roxb.; DC. lc. cum syn. ; Wight, oe t. 1104, X. inequ 

_ laterale, DC. 1. c. cum syn.—c.r. 1771. - 
_ Has. Not uncommon in exposed sandy places. 


| | 19. MOONTA, Arn. nee 


heterophylla, Arn. Pug. 31 (349 ; DC. Prod. vii. p. 289. - 
Var. a { flise nigctbvun—o. Ge o-e 


. a kolon doo.” 


Composite. } CEYLON PLANTS. 165 


Var. 8 ; foliis 3-5-sectis—M. Arnottiana, Wight, Icon. t. 1105.— _ 
C.P. 34. 
; Has. Both varieties very abundant at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 
eet. 
~Herbacea. Achenia ad apicem obscure bicornuta vel mutica. 


20. WEDELIA, Jacq. 


1, M. calendulacea, Less. (DC. Prod. v. p. 539, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon. t. 1107.)—c.p 1756. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island, especially 
near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ Ranwan-keekirindi.” 


21. WOLLASTONTA, DC. 


1. W. biflora, DC. Prod. v. p. 546, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1108. 
—W. asperrima, DC. 1. ¢. p. 547. W. scabriuscula, DC. 1.¢. eum syn. 
Ke glabrata, DC. 1. c. p. 548. W. insularis, DC. 1. e.—c.r. 1760 

59). 

Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 


22. BIDENS, Linn. 


1. B. pilosa, Linn. (DC. Prod. v. p. 597, cum syn.)—B. Sundaica, 
BL; DC. 1.c. p. 598. B. Wallichii, DC. 1. c. cum syn.—c.v. 3630. _ 
- A very common plant in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. 
“ Wal-teekola.” aa 
2. B. decomposita, Wall. (DC. l. ec. p- 602, cum syn. ?)—c.P. 3583. 
Has. Batticaloa District, not common. Saw 
, Lnvolucri ‘squame lineares, ciliate. Ligule flave, breves, Achenia elongata, 
3—4-gona, subglabra vel versus apicem hirsuta, 3-4-aristata. _ pan e 
The achenia of B. decomposita are described as biaristate, whilst in my plant — 
they are 3—4-aristate, but in other respects there would seem to be but slight — 
difference, if any. : . 


23. SPILANTHES, Jacq. 


1. S. Acmella, Linn. (DC. Prod. v. p. 623, cum p ilrgtis Pseudo- 
Aemella, Linn, ; DC. 1. ¢. p. 625, eumsyn. S. calva, DC 
—c.P. 684, - | cece os 
Has. Very common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
6000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ac-malla.” , 


_1. A. vulgaris, Linn. (DC. Prod. vi. p. 112, cum syn.)—A. Indica, 
_ Willd. ; DC. 1. e. p. yas oak syn. ; Wit, Teon. t. 1111. A. lepto- 
_ stachya, DO. 1. c. p. 113. A. pageytores Stechm.; DC. 1. c. p. 102. 
A. dubia, Wall. ; DC. 1.¢. p. 110. A. Royleana, Edgw.—c.v. 1755. 
Has. Not uncommon in or near native gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Wal- 
25. MYRIOGYNE, Less. 


1. M. minuta, Less. (DC. Prod. vi. p. 139, cum syn.)—c.P. 2715. 


.le.cum syn. 


166 ENUMERATION OF [ Composite. 


Has. Central Province, not uncommon. 


26. GNAPHALIUM, Linn. 


1. G. Indicum, Linn. (DC. Prod. vi. p. 231; DC. lc. p. 274.)—c.P. 
1762, 1764. 

Has. Very common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
7000 feet. 

Caulis simplex vel ramosus. Capituda in glomerulos paucos vel plurimos secus 
corymbi divisiones sparsos aggregata. JInvolucri squame albide vel plus minus 
roseo-tinctz. 

2. G. marcescens, Wight, Icon. t. 1115.—c.p. 1765, 3522. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia superne glabra vel araneo-lanosa. Achenia (in meis specim.) glabra. 


3. G. Hookerianum.— Helichrysum Hookerianum, W. et A.; DC. 
Lc. p. 201.—An H. buddleioides, DC. 1. c. var. P—c.r. 681. 
Has. Ceniral Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 
Suffruticosum. Receptaculum luteo-glandulosum. 
4, G. Wightianum, Wall. Cat. 2940.—Anaphalis Wightiana, DC. 
l.c. p. 273; Wight, Icon. t. 1117.—c.. 528, 132, 568, 1763. 
B. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 


Suffruticosum. Folia lineari-oblonga, seepe spathulata, late sessilia, superne sub- 


ae glabra vel plus minus lanuginosa, subtus dense cano-lanuginosa vel rarius sub- 


ra. 
Dr. Wight’s figure, quoted above, so well represents a common form of this 
variable species, except that the capitula are somewhat larger in my specimens than 
aay that figure, that there can be little doubt, I think, of the two plants being 
en ° 
5. G. brevifolium.— Anaphalis brevifolia, DC. 1.¢. p. 273.—An A. 
2 ed ten DC. 1. c. p. 272, et Wight, Icon. t. 478 ?—c.p. 1761. 
- Horton Plains and other of the most elevated parts of the — 
Central Province. 


27. GYNURA, Cass. 


1, G. lycopersicifolia, DC. Prod. yi. p. 300, cum syn.—c.P. 420, : 

2826 (1750). Z : 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
para. 

2. G. Nepalensis, DC. |. c. cum syn.—c.p. 3539. 

Has. Galagama, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 
_ 3. G. hispida, Thw. ; herbacea, subcarnosa, pilis flavis hispida; cawle 
simplice vel parce ramoso, basi folioso ;“foliis obovato-lanceolatis, plus 
_ ‘Minus sinuato-dentatis, inferioribus in petiolum angustatis ; ac. 

_ glabris.—c.P. 3507. Be 
_ Has. On damp rocks, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 

6000 to 7000 feet. ; 

—-1-8-pedalis. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, $-} poll. lata. Capitula 3-6, longe pedi- 

cellata, pluriflora, parce villosa, Invo/uerum denice ‘ibis. aeaputiaets parum brevius, — 

bracteolis numerosis lincari-lanceolatis vix duplo longins. ae 

Be very closely allied to G. aurantiaca, DC. (Cacalia aurantiact, — 


se 


_ An 8. Neilgherrianus, DC. |. 


Composite. | CEYLON PLANTS. 167 


28. EMILIA, Cass. 


1. EB. sonchifolia, DC. Prod. vi. p. 302, cum syn.—c.P. 3343. 
Has. Very abundant. Nom. g. “ Kadoo-para.” 
An extremely variable plant as regards the shape of the leaves. 


2. E. prenanthoidea, DC. l.c. p. 303, cum syn.— FE. angustifolia, 
DC. l.c. cum syn.—An E. scabra, DC. 1. c.P—c.p. 430 (444, 581, 670). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Folia caulina cordato-sagittata, anguste lanceolata, vel rarius oblonga sublirataque, 
glabra vel (preecipue subtus) puberula. Flosculi purpurei. 


29. DORONICUM, Linn. 


tg Walkeri, Arn. Pug. 32 (350); DO. Prod. vi. p. 322.—c.P. 151 
8). 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 
2-3-pedale, plus minus pilosum. Folia oblonga, sessilia vel in petiolum longum 
basi seepius appendiculatum angustata, dentata vel pinnatipartita, 1~6 poll. longa, 
3-2 poll. lata. 
A most variable plant, the extreme forms of which, in the absence of the inter- 
late ones, it would be difficult to believe specifically identical. 
_ 2. D. Gardneri, Thw.; glabrum ; caule adscendente, folioso ; foliis 
lineari-lanceolatis, distanter grosse serratis, basi angustatis ; ligulis 4- 
herviis ; acheniis pilosulis.—c.p. 435 (459). 
Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
oo Folia 1-3} poll. longa, 2-4 lin. lata, subtus pallidiora. Achenia 
ida, 
Tn the characters of the inflorescence, this very closely resembles the preceding 
Species, but the very narrow smooth leaves seem sufficient to keep it distinct. 


30. SENECIO, Less. 


_,,1. 8. corymbosus, Wall. (DC. Prod. vi. p. 364; Wight, Icon. t. 
1130.)—c.r. 565. 
_ Var. 8.—S. Walker, Arn; DC. le.; Wight, Icon. t. 1131.— 
C.P. 272, ee ; 
Has. Central Province, nof uncommon. Var. a. At an elevation of 
7000 to 8000 feet. 
___An examination of numerous specimens has proved to me that the characters 
which have been employed to separate varr. a and £ as distinct species, are by no 
Means constant, so that I have no hesitation in uniting them. 
2. 8. Walkeri, Thw. (non Arn.; vide sp. prec. var. 8.)—Gynuwra 
Walkeri, Wight, Icon. Rope eae! A a 
: - Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. 
jm _Lhis appears to be a true species of Senecio: it has not the styles of Gynura. 
vs Wers are of a pale-yellow colour. 
3. S. Zeylanicus, DC. l.c. p. 365.—S. gracilis, Arn. Pug. 31 (349). 
c. p. 368, var. P—c.p. 1749. 
Haz. Amongst high grass, at Newera Ellia and other of the most 


elevated parts of the island, 


= 4. S. Wightianus, DC. |. c. P 370, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1136. 
OP. 1751. 


a8 . of 5000 feet: 


a _ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 feet. 


168 _ ENUMERATION ‘OF [ Stylidiee. 


Has. Common in the Maturatte and other districts of the Central 
Province. 


Folia (in meis specim.) seepissime ad basin pinnatim 2-4-lobata. 


31. NOTONIA, DC. 


1. N. grandiflora, DC. Prod. vi. p. 442, cum syn.—JV. corymbosa, 
DC. |. c.; Wight, Icon. t. 484.—c.p. 1743. 
Has. Batticaloa District. 


32. BRACHYRAMPHUS, DC. 


1. B. sonchifolius, DC. Prod. vii. p. 177, cum syn.— B. Heyneanus, 
Wight, Icon. t. 1146. Lactuca Heynegna, DC. 1.c. p. 140, cum syn.— 
c.P. 2827. 

Has. Galle, Gardner. 


33. MICRORHYNCHOUS, Less. 


1. M. sarmentosus, DC. Prod. vii. p. 181, cum syn. ; Wight, Tllust. 
t. 133.—c.r. 1746. 
_ Has. Common near the seashore. - 


34, SONCHUS, Linn. 


1. s. oleraceus, Linn.—c.p. 3631. is 
cee no A very common weed in the Central Province, in newly-cleared < 


35. YOUNGIA, Cass. 


1, ¥. lyrata, Cass. Opuse. iii. p. 86.—Y¥. Mauritiana, Y. Thun 
bergiana, Y. runcinata, Y. napifolia, Y. Poosia, Y. striata, et Y, am- 
bigua, DC. Prod. vii. pp. 192, 193, cum syn. Y. napifolia, Wight, 
‘eon. ¢. 1147.—0.v. 1747. m oe 
B. Very common in the Central Province, etc., up to an elevation 


_ 2. ¥. fuscipappa, Thw.; glabra; caulibus sepe e collo plurimis, 

__ erectis, parce foliosis ; foliis radicalibus lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, Tu 
_ einatis, in petiolum lo; angustatis ; caulinis summis linearibus 
 eorymbis apertis.—c.P. 1748. 

_-—1-2-pedalis. Folia 4-8 poll. longa, $-% poll. lata. Involuera 8 lin. longa, 

_ minute bracteolata, Ach@nia fusiformia, parce compressa, puberula, striata. Pappy 


LXXXV. STYLIDIER. 


1. STYLIDIUM, Sw. 


1, 8. uliginosum, Sw. (DC. Prod. vii. p. 336.)—c.P. 2505. 
Haz. South of the island. 


Campanulacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 169 


LXXXVI. GOODENOVIE®. 


1. SCASVOLA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Taccada.”) 


1. 8S. Keenigii, Vahl, (DC. Prod. vii. p- 505, cum syn.; Hook. fil. et 
T. Precurs. ad Fl. Ind. in Linn. Soc. Journ. (Bot.) ii. p. 8, cum a 
seq.)—S. Bela-Modagam, R. & 8.; DC. 1c. 8. Taccada, Roxb. DC. 
Le.; Wight, Ilust. t. 137. S. sericea, Forst.; DC. 1.c. 506. S. Lam- 
bertiana, De Vriese ; Walp. Ann. ii. p. 1056. S. chlorantha, De Vriese ; 
Walp. 1. c.—o.r. 3632. 

Has. Very abundant between Colombo and Galle, and other parts 
of the coast. 

2. S. Plumieri, Vahl, (DC. l.c. p. 506, cum syn.; Hook. fil. et T. 
le. cum sa seq.)—S. Thunbergii, Eck. et Zeyh.; DC. 1.c. S. Sene- 
galensis, sl; DC. lc. 8. wifera, Stocks ; Wight, Ic. t. 1613. 8S. 
Macraei, De Vriese (fide Auct.); Walp. 1. c.—c.r. 1777. 

Has. Near Colombo, and other parts of the coast. 


LXXXVII. CAMPANULACEA, 
TRIBE I. CAMPANULEZ. 


1. WAHLENBERGIA, Schr. 


LW. agrestis, A. (DC. Prod. vii. p. 434; Wight, Icon. t. 1175; 
Hook. fil. et T. Linn. Soc. Journ. (Bot.) ii. p. 21, cum a ag AS 
ee, 4. DC. 1c. W. Indica, A. DC. I.c.; Wight, Icon. t. 1176. 
—0.P. 1774, 

_, Has. Very abundant in grassy places in the Central Province, at an 
elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 


2. CAMPANULA, Linn. 


1. C. fulgens, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 99; DC. Prod. vii. p. 
477; Wight, Icon. t. 1179; Ilust. t. 136.—c.P. 1775. 
__ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet, but 
— hot common. 

TRIBE IJ. LOBELIEZ. 


A 


3. LOBELIA, Linn. 


1. La trigona, Roxb. (DC. Prod. vii. p. 859; Wight, Icon. t. 1170.) 
_ An L. affinis, Wall. ; . Le. p. 360) An LZ. tun Ham.; DC. 


— Facters justify my separati 
have J oe a ree to ey roar cheats a fresh state, was not 


: Zz 


170 ENUMERATION OF 


2. L. excelsa, Lesch. (DC. l.c. - 381, cum syn. ; 
e 


2592 (529, 531, 548). a 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet; abum- 
dant at Newera Ellia and Maturatte. Nom. vulg. “ Ras-nee.” “ 

The forms of this plant, which have been raised by some authors to the rank of 
species, merge so insensibly into one another, that I feel obliged to include them all 
under one specific name. The amount of pubescence upon the several parts, as wi. 
as the relative length of the calyx-lobes, are very variable, and 1 have found inthe 
same raceme some pedicels with indications of the two minute bracteole, and others 
without the slightest trace of those appendages, and which latter seem to have their 
fullest development in plants of the most luxuriant growth. eo 


LXXXVIII. SPHENOCLEACEZ. 


1. SPHENOCLEA, Gertn. 


1. S. Pongatium, DC. Prod. vii. p. 548, cum syn.; Wight, Illust. : E 
t. 138.—c.P. 1773. os 
Has. Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. 


LXXXIX. VACCINIEZ. 


1. VACCINIUM, Linn. 


1. V. Leschenaultii, Wight, Icon. t. 1188; Walp. Ann. i. p. 477— 
—* ? arborea, DC. Prod. vii. p. 555, cum syn.—c.P. 270 (643). _ 
ar. 8; foliis lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis ; floribus pallidioribus. 

— Agapetes salicifolia, Gardn. MSS. os 
Has. Newera Ellia and other of the most elevated parts of the Cen 
tral Province. ie 


XC. ERICACEZ. 


1. GAULTHERIA, Kalm. 
_ 1. G. fragrantissima, Wall. (DC. Prod. vii. p. 593, cum syn. ; Wight 
Icon. t. 1196.)—c.P. 42. es sas : = Be. 
_ Var. 8; ramulis_foliisque subtus plus minus hispidis.—@. Lé 
opie Metben l.c.; Wight, Icon. t. 1195; Wight, Tilust. t. 141 ¢ 
C.P. ; ee 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. ‘* Kappooroo.” ee: 
Folia eliiptica vel oblongo-lanceo’ btusa vel basi angustata, rot 
vel cordata. Fructus pulcherrime uae omcnsbag ge: = 


2. RHODODENDRON, Linn. 


1, Re arboreum, Sm. (DC. Prod. vii. p. 720, cum syn.; Wight, Ie 
_t, 1201; Wight, Illust. t. 140.)—c.r. 149 (21). as es 


- 


Lentibulariee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 171 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. Nom. 
-vulg. “ Ma-ratmal-gass.” 
Folia subtus cano- vel pallide fulvo-lepidota. 


XCI. LENTIBULARIEZ. 


1. UTRICULARIA, Linn. 


1. U. flexuosa, Vahl, En. Pl. i. 199; Oliver in Linn. Soe. Journ. 
(Bot.) iii. p. 175, cum syn. seq., scil.: U. fasciculata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 
p- 143; Wall. Cat. 1499; Wight, Icon. t. 1568. U. inequalis, Ben- 
jamin in Linnea, xx. p. 304. U. ramosa, Vahl ?—c.r. 2089. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


2. U. diantha, Roem. et Sch. (non A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 21) ; Oliver, 
l.c. p. 176, cum syn. seq., scil.: Wight, Icon. t. 1569. U. biflora, 
Roxb, Fl. Ind. i. p. 43. U Roxburghii, Spr. Syst. i. p: 52. U. elegans, 
Wall. Cat. 1502. U. pterosperma, Edgew. in Proc. Lin. Soe. i. 352.— 
C.P. 2828. 

Has. Not uncommon in wet paddy-fields. 


3. U. ceerulea, Linn. Herb. (non A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 19); Oliver, 
le. p. 179, cum syn., scil.: JU. pedicellata, Wight, Icon. t. 1578. 
£2. U. conferta, Wight, Icon. t. 1575. U. squamosa, Wight, Icon. 
t. 1579. U. uliginoides, Wight, Icon. t. 1573.—c.P. 278 (2086). 
ae B. affinis ; scapo robustiore, floribus minoribus, calyce fruc- 

_tifero latiore.—U. affinis, Wight, Teon. t. 1580. f. 1; Oliver, l.c. p. 178. 
- brachypoda, Wight, Icon. t. 1578. f. 1.—c.r. 3308. 

Has. Pentenl Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

4. U. reticulata, Linn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 19, cum syn.; Wight, 
_ Iilust. ii. t. 143; Oliver, lc. p. 180, cum syn. seq.)—U. spiricaulis, 
‘Mig. Pl. Hohen. 574.—c.r. 2090 (2091). we 7 
__ Var. 8. stricticaulis ; seapo firmo, breviore—Oliver, ].c. cum syn. 
_-8eq., scil.: U. cerulea, var. stricticaulis, Ken. in Hb. Brit. Mus. U. 


_ whiginosa, Vahl, En. Pl. i. 203. U. humilis, Heyne, Wall. Cat. 1495. 


U. aloides, Edgew. 1. ¢. p. 351.—c.P. 2088. : 
os Fea ate sats BeSbae parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Nil- 
taste TMonerasse.”’ 

_ _5. U. bifida, Linn. Herb.; Oliver, l.c. p. 182, cum syn. seq., scil. : 
_ T. biftora,, Wall. Cat. 1498. U. antirrhinoides, ejusd. 1498 5. U. 
_ diantha, A. DC. 1. c. p. 21. U. Wallichiana, Benj. Bot. Zeit. 1845, 
13. U. humilis, Wight, Icon. t. 1572. f. 2 (? Vahl.)—c.p. 2087. 
_-Var. 8. Wallichiana; pedicellis longioribus ; lobis calycinis acutis. 

_ =U. Wallichiana, Wight, Icon. t. 1572. f. 1; Oliver, l.e. 
_ -Has. Warmer parts of the island, common. Se 
_ In my specimens of this plant, varr. a and 8 appear to merge insensibly into one 


f in UV. capillacea, Wight, Herb.; Wall. Cat. 6399; Oliver, lc. p. 
_ $84.—.p. 3307. s 

‘Has. Near Colombo, Mr. W. Ferguson. Negumbo. wes 
Corolla purpurea ; labio inferiore 3-lobato, lobis lateralibus multo minoribus om- 
3 nibus_ apice rotundatis ; calcare lineari-conico, longiore, porrecto. Loli calycis 
S Sructiferi subeequales, orbiculares. 


ee 


172 ENUMERATION OF [Myrsinacee. ; 


7. U. racemosa, Wall. Cat. 1496; Wight, Icon. 1854, f. 1; Oliver, 
lc. p. 186.—U. cerulea, A. DC. lic. p. 19. An U. filicaulis, Wall. 
Cat. 1501; Oliver, lc. p. 186.—c.¥. 2085. - : 

Var. 8. rosea; scapo robustiore; corolle labio inferiore majore et 
calcar obtusiusculum equante vel superante.—U. rosea, Edgw. 1. c. 
p. 352; Oliver, 1. c. p. 184.—c.P. 277. ¢ 

Has. Var. a. Warmer parts of the island. Var. 8. At an elevation 
of 5000 to 6000 feet. 

The points of difference between varr. a and 6 are so unimportant that I feel — 
quite satisfied that they are merely forms of one species. The colour of the corolla 
varies from a rather deep reddish-purple to nearly white: the flowers of var. a are 
most frequently pale in colour. 


8. U. orbiculata, Wall. Cat. 1500; Oliver, l.c. p. 187.—U. glochi- 
diata, Wight, Icon. t. 1581.—c.P. 2085, 3350. : 

Has. Common on wet rocks and mossy trunks of trees in the Cen- 
tral Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 


XCII. PRIMULACEZ. 
1. LYSIMACHIA, Linn. 


1. Ls. ramosa, Wall. Cat. 1490; Duby in DC. Prod. viii. p. 65.—Z. — 
alata, Gardner, MS.—c.p. 1896. 

Has. Central Province, in shady places, at an elevation of 6000 to 
8000 feet. i 
Glabra, 2-4-pedalis. Caulis erectus, flatus, ramosus. Folia 14-6 poll. longa, 
3-1) lata, in petiolum brevem angustata. Peduneuli sesquipollicares. Calycis 
lacinize (acumine 1 lin.) 3 lin. longe. Corolla pallide lutea, Capsula 5-valvis, 

calyce subzequilonga. Semina triangularia, minute muricata. 

2. Ls. Japonica, Thunb. Fl. Japon. 83. t. 16.—Z. deltoidea, Wight, 
Illus. ii. p. 137. t. 144. L. wmbrosa, Gardner, MS.—c.v. 1895. oe | 
‘ Hay, ewera Ellia and Maturatte, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 
eet. . | 


2. ANAGALLIS, Tourn. 


1. A. arvensis, Linn.—Var. 8 cerulea.—c.r. 3131. 
Has. Oova District (possibly introduced). 


XCHI. MYRSINACE. 
1. MASA, Forsk. . : 


1, M. Indica, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 80, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 1206.—c.P. 1799. 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg: 


“* Matabimbeya-gass.” 
: 2, EMBELIA, Burm. 


1. EB. Ribes, Burm. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 85.)—c.P. 1800. Aa 
‘Has. Common up to an elevation of 1000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wel- 


Myrsinacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. 173 


2. B. robusta, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 287; A. DC. Prod. viii. p- 86.— 
E.. Tsjeriam Cottam, Wight, Icon. t. 1209. Basaal, Rheede, Hort. 
Mal. v. p. 23. t. 12. An Tsjeriam Cottam, Rheede, l.c. p 2. & Le 
—c.P. 1804. 

Has. Kornegalle and Batticaloa Districts. 


3. SAMARA, Linn. Herb. 


Choripetalum, A. DC. 


1. S. viridiflora, Thw.—S. Rheedei, Wight, Icon. t. 1591. Chori- 
pater viridifiorum, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 88. Pu Walli, Rheede, 

ort. Mal. vii. p. 79. t. 42. An C. aurantiacum, A. DO. 1. c. var. ?— 
.P. 610 (741). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Flores polygamo-dioici. Maso. Filamenta petalis multum longiora. Ovarii_ 
rudimentum parvum, stylo brevissimo, Fam. Ovarium 3-ovulatum. 


4. MYRSINE, Linn. 


_l. M. capitellata, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p- 295; A. DC. Prod. 
viii. p. 94. An M. lucida, Wall.; A. DC. l. c. p.95?—c.r. 1806 (2599). 
Var. 8. parvifolia, A. DC. 1. ¢., et var. y grandiflora, A. DC. 1. c.; 
Wight, Icon. t. 1211. An M. wmbellata, A. DC. 1. c.P—c.v. 623, 
. 98. # 
Var. 8. sessiliflora; floribus sessilibus vel subsessilibus.—An UM. 
Porteriana, Wall. List, 6525; A. DC. 1.¢.P—o.p. 285. | 
; at Central Province, very abundant up to an elevation of 8000 
eet. 


So variable is this plant as regards the shape and size of the leaves and length of 

_ the flower-pedicels, that some of its forms might well pass for distinct species, but 

_ that intermediate ones occur rendering it impossible to separate them. Some of my 

Specimens have leaves varying from 2 to 14 inch in length, whilst other specimens 

have them reaching to 7 inches, with a corresponding width; the former occurring 
upon the tops of the highest hills, and the latter in damp rich forests. 


5. ARDISIA, Linn. 


1. A. paniculata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 270; A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 126. 
—A. Missionis, var. B verticillata, A. DC. 1. c. p.130. A. Courtal- 

___ ensis, Wight, Icon. t. 1215.—c.P. 1802. 
: ha Central Province, not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 


2. A. humilis, Vahl, Symb. iii. p. 40; A. DC. Le. p- 129 (in parte). 

—Zinus humilis, Pest El. Zeyl, p. 222 t. 108.—c.P. 2829. 

- - Near the seashore, ee District, common. Nom. vulg. 
Loonoo-dang-gass.” : 
Frutex 1-6-pedalis. Folia ad apices ramulorum compressorum aggregata. Pani- 

cule terminales. Drupe rubre. ses 

., Well distinguished from the next species, with which it has been confounded, by 

ree clustered at the ends of the branchlets, its terminal panicles, and bright- 


174 ENUMERATION OF [ Sapotacee. 


3. A. elliptica, Thunb. nov. gen. pars 8. Upsal, 1795, ex Rem. et — 
Sch. Syst. iv. p. 517; A. DC. 1. c. p. 138.—A. wmbellata, Roxb. Fl. 
on ii. p. 273. A. polycephala, Wall.; Wight, [lust. t. 145.—c.P. 

Var. 8. solanacea; omnino major.—A. solanacea, Roxb. Pl. Cor. W 
t. 27. A. humilis, Wight, Icon. t. 1212; A. DC. 1. c. p. 129 (in parte). 

Has. Var. a. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 
Var. 8. In gardens, and I have never found it in a wild state. Nom. 
vulg. “ Balloo-dang.” 

Racemi axillares terminalesque, umbelleformes, peduncu/o rarius ramoso. 


4, A. paucifiora, Heyne, (Wall. in Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 279; A. DC. 
l.c. p. 127; Wight, Icon..t. 1214.)—c.p. 15 (28, 36). 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 
In all my specimens the pedicels are smooth, or, when young, ferrugineo- 
_ squamulose, and not pilose, as represented in Dr. Wight’s figure. 


5. A. divergens, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 275; A. DC. l.c. p. 130, cum 
syn.—c.P. 376 (740). 

Var. 8; foliis sinuato-denticulatis—An A. crispa, var. 8, A. DC. 
l. c. 134, cum syn. P 
— Not uncommon in damp forests, up to an elevation of 5000 

eet. : 

Frutex erectus, 3-6-pedalis. Folia membranacea, venosa, ad marginem cre- 
berrime tuberculato-glandulosa, 3-6 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata. /ores roseo-pur- 
purei. Drupe rubree, 3—4 lin. in diam. 

6. A. Wallichii, A. DC. 1. c. p. 137, cum syn.—c.p. 2667. : 
Sige Caltura, Moon. Damp shady forests in the Saffragam Dis- 

Suffrutex humilis, $-2-pedalis, partibus junioribus ferrugineo-lepidotis. Folia 
oblonga vel obovata, abrupte obtuse acuminata, crenulata, venosa, basi an 
nigro-viridia, subtus rofescentia, 4-8 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata. Racemi rubri, 
termiaales axillaresque, sepius multiflori simplicesque, folio breviores. Peduncult 
angulares, Pedicelli sparsi, sursum incrassati, reflexi, flore subduplo longiores. 
Corolla rosea, laciniis 4 lin. longis. Anthere flavee. Drupe rubre, 4 lin. in diam. 


XCIV. ZGICERACEZ. 


1. MGICERAS, Gertn. 


hy #8. majus, Gertn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 142, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Tilust. ii. p. 141. t. 146.)—o.r. 1796 (1805). oe = 
Has. Not uncommon on the coast. 


XOV. SAPOTACER, 
= 1. CHRYSOPHYLLUM, Linn. ae 
1, @, Roxburghii, G. Don, (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 162.)—C@. acwmi- — 
natum, Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 345.—c.P. 2689. . 


- Haz. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. — 
 wuig.* Lawooloo-gass.” 


Sapotacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. (176 


Folia oblonga, abrupte rostrato-acuminata, 3-7 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata; petiolo 
3 lin. longo. Nuculania obscure pentagona, ferrugineo-tomentosa, denique glabra. 
Semina 8 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata. 


The ripe fruit is eaten by the Cinghalese: the timber is used for building 
purposes. . 


2. SAPOTA, Plum. 


1. S. elengoides, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 176; Wight, Icon. t. 1218.— 
c.P, 1795. 


Haz. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


3. MIMUSOPS, Linn. 


1, M. Blengi, Linn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 202, cum syn.; Wight, 
Icon, t. 1586.)—c.p. 1794. z 
Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Moonemal-gass. 

The timber used for building, etc. 

2. rer Indica, A. DC. 1. c. p. 205, cum syn. ; Wight, Icon. t. 1587.— 
0.P. 1793. 

Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. 
Vv Eee Paloo-gass.”” : 

The timber of this valuable tree is extremely hard and strong, and very durable. 


4. BASSIA, Konig. 
Calyx 4-partitus. Corolla 6-12-loba. -Anther@ subsessiles, 2-3- 
Seriales. 


1. B. longifolia, Linn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 197, cam syn. ; Wight, 
Tllust. ii. t. 147.)—c.v, 1797, ; aC ees 
Haz. Common in the hotter parts of the island, especially in native 
- gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Mee-gass.” ; 
The oil of the seeds, under the name of “ Mee-tel,” is used by the Cinghalese 
medicinally, and, when fresh, for cooking. The wood is valuable for building 


5. DASYAULUS, Thw. (gen. nov.). 


Calyx 4-partitus. Corolla 6- vel 8-loba. Anthere corolle lobis duplo 
numerosiores, subsessiles, 1-seriales, apice subulato-acuminate. Cete- 
Toquin ut in Bassia. : a 2 
1. D. neriifolius, Thw. (Bassia neritfolia, Moon’s Cat. p. 36) ; foliis 
_ glabris, anguste oblongo-lanceolatis, obtusis, basi in petiolum brevem 
: tatis—c.p. 235. : 
_ _ 448. Common on the banks of rivers and streams in the warmer 

parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “Gang-mee.’ ae : 
_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 3-8 poll. longa, 6-12 lin. lata. Fascieuli 2-6-flori, 
_ ¥ersus apices ramulorum conferti. Pedice/li glabri, sesquipollicares. Calyx 4 lin, 
longus, lobis interioribus dorso sericeo-strigosis. Corolla ad medium 6-partita, 

_ Gvarium 6-loculare. Nuculania oblonga, acuta, 1-sperma, 14 poll. longa. Semina 
_ albuminosa. Lo hae 
_ 2. D. microphyilus, Thw.— Bassia microphylla, Hook. Ic. i. t. 74. 


176 ENUMERATION OF [ Sapotacee. 


B. parvifolia, A. DC. l.c. p. 198.—c.P. 2648; foliis majoribus, c.P. 
28 


30. 

Has. South of the island, not common. 

Corolla 6-loba, rarius 5-loba. 

My specimens, numbered c.P. 2830, were collected by Dr. Gardner near Galle, 
and have leaves a good deal larger than is usual in this species, but agree so well 
with it in other respects that I hesitate to separate them even as a distinct variety. 


3. D. Moonii, Thw.; ramulis junioribus fulvo-tomentosis; folis 
= oblongis, obtuse acuminatis vel retusis, basi subacutis, petio- 

tis; pedicellis petiolo subequilongis.—c.P. 3434. 

Has. Caltura, Moon; near Ratnapoora. 

Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata; petiolo 4-2 poll. longo. Fascicult 
2-5-flori. Corolla 6-loba. Nuculania oblonga, acuta, 14 poll. longa. Semina 
parce albuminosa. 

4. D. fulvus, Thw.; ramulis foliisque junioribus dense fugaci-fulvo- 
tomentosis ; foliis obovato-oblongis, abrupte brevi-acuminatis, basi an- 
gustatis, petiolatis ; pedicellis petiolo Ptilo longioribus.—c.P. 3446. 

B. Hewessee, in the Pasdoon Corle. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 4-7 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata, petiolo § poll. longo. 
Fasciculi 6-8-flori. Calyx 3-4 lin. longus. Ovarium 6-loculare. 

To the present genus is to be referred Isonandra polyandra, Wight, Ic. t. 1589. 


6. DICHOPSIS, Thw. (gen. nov.). 


Calyx 6-partitus, lobis 2-serialibus. Corolla 6-loba. Stamina 12, 
omnia fertilia. Hilamenta brevia, 1-serialia, alterna longiora (corolle 
lobis opposita) antheras subextrorsas, breviora (vix ulla) subintrorsas 
gerentia. Anthere apice divaricato-bicornes. Ovarium 6-loculare. 

Genus notabile, quoad stamina breviora Dasyaulo, longiora Iso- 
nandre approximans. 


1. D. petiolaris, Thw.—c.p. 3012. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, and the Hinidoon and Reigam Corles. 

Arbor magna. Folia glabra, ovata, subabrupte brevi-acuminata, basi acuta, 3-5 
poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata ; petiolo 1-14 poll. longo. Fasciculi 2—5-flori, axillares, — 
ad apices ramulorum conferti, fulvo-tomentosi, Pedicelli petiolo subequilongi. — 
Calyx 4 lin. longus. Corolla albida, 7 lin. longa, tubo interne pilosa. Nuculama 
subsphzerica, 1-sperma, 14 poll. in diam. 


7. ISONANDRA, Wight. 


Calyx corolle lobis isomerus; stamina iisdem duplo numerosiora. 
_Filamenta corolle tubo subequilonga. Anthere extrorse, apice acu- 
minate. MWuculania carnosa. 


Sect. 1. Calyx 6-partitus. 


ot 1. grandis, Thw.; foliis glabris (junioribus cano-sericeis) obovatis, 
obtusis, — Ubphdendernr u vel rotundatis, basi seers vai 
prominentim venosis, petiolatis ; pedicellis petiolo su ilongis.—C.P- 
619 (2507 ; foliis minoribus, sie 2402, ae = 


Has. Central Province and Saffragam District, at an elevation of 


3000 to 6000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Meeria-gass.’ 


Sapotacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 177 


Arbor ingens. Folia 2-10 poll. longa, 1-6 poll. lata, petiolo 4-1 poll. longo, 
| superne plano. Fasciculi 4—6-flori, ad apices ramulorum conferti, adpresse fulvo- 
pilosi. Calyx 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla albida, calyce subduplo longior. Ovarium 
: G-loculare. Nuculania ovoidea, nigro-purpurea, sesquipollicaria. Semina exalbu- 
minosa. 
| An oil is extracted from the seeds of this tree, which is used in the same way as 
that from the Bassia longifolia. 


2. I. rubiginosa, Thw. ; foliis coriaceis, ellipticis, obovatis yel obo- 
yato-oblongis, apice subacutis vel rotundatis, basi angustatis, subtus 
dense rubiginoso-pilosis, petiolatis; pedicellis petiolo equilongis vel 
ee longioribus.—c.P. 394, 3447. 

AB. Saffragam District and Hinidoon Corle, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. 

Arbor ingens. Folia 24-7 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata, petiolo }-} poll. longo, 
Superne convexo. Jascicedt 6—-10-flori, adpresse rubiginoso-pilosi. Calyx 4 lin. 
longus. Ovarium 6-loculare. Nuculania ovoidea. 

3. I. canaliculata, Thw.; foliis glabris, oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, 

_ basi rotundatis vel subacutis, superne ad costam (cum petiolo longius- 
culo) canaliculatis ; pedicellis petiolo squilongis vel dimidio longiori- 
bus.—c.p. 3473 (3436). 

Has. Caltura District. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 3-11 poll. longa, 14-44 poll. lata, petiolo 1-13 poll. 
longo. Fasciculi 4-6-flori, adpresse fulvo-pilosi. Ca/yx 4 lin. longus. Ovarium 
6-loculare. Nuculania ovoidea. 

4, I. paucifiora, Thw. ; foliis glabris, oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, basi 

- acutis, pe ad costam (cum petiolo longiusculo) canaliculatis ; fas- 
eiculis ad apices ramulorum paucis, 2-3-floris; pedicellis brevissimis, 
ovario 3-4-loculari; nuculaniis oblongis.—c.P. 2680. 

Has. Near Ratnapoora, at no great elevation. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 3-8 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata, petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. 
Calyx 1% lin. longus. 

5, I levifolia, Thw.; ramulis cum petiolis fasciculisque adpresse 
_ fusco-pilosis ; foliis glabris, utrinque levibus nitidisque, oblongo-lan- 

aoe ceolatis, obtusis, basi in petiolum brevem, superne convexum, angus- 
_ tatis; pedicellis petiolo mquilongis, vel parum longioribus; nuculaniis 
- oblongis, acutis.—-c.p. 2832. : ; 

_ Has. Saffragam District and Reigam Corle, at no great elevation. 

_ ,, Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 3-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. 
Fasciculi 4-6-flori, axillares, ad apicem ramulorum solitarii vel bini. Calyx 1} lin. 
: Aathere apice pilose. Ovarium 6-loculare. 


Sect. 2. Calyx 4-partitus. 


8k Wightiana, A. DC. l.c. p. 187, cum syn.—J. Perottetiana, 
A. DC. 1c. p. 188; Wight, Ie. t. B19. T. Candolleana, Wight, Ic. t. 
— -4220. An J. lanceolata, Wight, Ie. t. 359?—c.P. 45 (47, 192, 2411). 
Var. 8. angustata ; foliis lanceolatis, ab infra-medio versus apicem 
= Oe 191i subtus (ut in var. a) delicatule subparallelim venulosis.— 
— ©P. 179 (191), : age : 
Var. y. montana ; foliis subcoriaceis, obovatis, apice rotundatis vel 
_ obscure brevi-acuminatis, subtus plus prominentim parceque venosis 
— quam in varr. a et 8.—c.p. 3092. . = 
Haz. Var. Af eae abundant at an elevation of _ to 5000 
— ax 


Species, that the number of these organs is not very constant. ‘The albumen of el 
Seeds is not ruminate, 


178 ENUMERATION OF [Ebenucea. 


feet. Var. 8. Near Galagama, Gardner. Var. y. Newera Ellia. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Kiriwarala-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Folia glabra (juniora plus minus pilosa), lanceolata, obovato- 
lanceolata, obovata vel suborbicularia, plus minus abrupte breveque acuminata, 1-5 
poll. longa, 4 lin. 24 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Pedicelli brevissimi vel 
subrulli. Ovarium seepissime 4-loculare. Nuculania oblonga, 1—2-sperma, coccinea, 
6 lin. longa. Semina castanea, nitida, albumiuosa. ; é 

I was at one time disposed to regard some of the forms of this most variable 
plant as distinct, but further observation and the examination of a large number of 
specimens, satisfy me that they all belong to one species. I have little doubt, too, 
that Dr. Wight’s Is. /anceolata is a form of the present plant, for I have examples 
of it extremely like his figure. 


XCVI. EBENACEZ. 


1. DIOSPYROS, Dal., Linn. 


+ Flores pedunculati. 


¢ Fror. masc. Corolla breviuseula, campanulata vel urceolata; staminibus inter 
se subequilongis. 

1. D. Embryopteris, Pers. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p- 235, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Icon. tt. 843, 844.)—c.P. 1915. 
ar. B. atrata; foliis membranaceis, gemmis, pedunculis calyceque 
0-pilosis.—c.p. 2731. : 
ar. y. nervosa; folris brevioribus, coriaceis, utrinque valde promi- 
nentim venosis, basi rotundatis ; gemmis, pedunculis calyceque nigro- 
pilosis ; lobis calycis fructiferi erectis.—c.r. 1910. ear 

Has. Var. a. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 
Var. 8. Less common, but generally distributed. Var. y. In damp 
forests towards the south of the island. Nom. vulg. “‘ Timberee-gass. 

Though disposed at one time to regard the three well-marked varieties of this 


plant as distinct species, I now find it impossible, after a most careful examination, 
to discover any distinctive characters of sufficient importance to justify my separating 
them otherwise than as varieties. The black colour of the pubescence upon the 
gemmz and inflorescence of varr. 8 and +, gives them a differeut aspect from that ee 
of var. 2, but black hairs are frequently intermixed with the pale paleaeom| ges i 
er, especially upon the gemma, In all the specimens I have examined, the ovary _ 
has been 8-celled. : pecs 
The timber of this tree is used for buildings: the juice of the unripe ate 
ployed for paying the seams of fishing-boats, and for putting upon their cordage and 


2. D. cordifolia, Roxb. (Pl. Cor. i. p. 38. t. 50; A. DC. le. p. 230, — 
cum syn.)—D. montana, Wight, Ic. t. 1225 (non Roxb.).—c.P. 1909. 
‘Has. Jaffna, Gardner. : an : Eee 
_I have not seen the female flowers of this species, so am unable to ascertain” ne 
whether they have four sterile stamens, as shown in Dr. Wight’s figure, or a greater 
number, as represented in Roxburgh’s; but it is probable, judging from other 


. 


“gait D: sylvatica, Roxb. (Roxb. Pl. Cor. i. p. 38. t. 47; A. DC. Le. Pe 
231, cum syn.)—c.p. 2729. Bones 


- Damp forests in the Hantani District and near Ratnapoora, mR: 


Ebenacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 179 


te an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. « Soodoo-Kadoombaireya- 


Tota planta siccitate nigrescens. Ovarium 6- vel 8-loculare. Nuculania spheerica, 
Slin. in diam. Semina oblonga, 6 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata, a/bumine raminato. 


4. D. Toposia, Ham. (A. DC. 1c. p- 237, cum syn.)—D. racemosa, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 536; Wight, Ic. t. 416.—c.r. 191k 

Has. Not uncommon in damp forests, up to an elevation of 4000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kahakaala-gass.” 

This agrees so well with Hamilton’s description of his plant, except that he men- 
tions the corolla as being five-lobed, that I cannot doubt their identity, and it cer- 
tainly must be the one represented in Dr. Wight’s figure, copied from Roxburgh’s 
drawing, ‘The inflorescence, however, is by no means racemose, but distributed over 
the lower leafless portion of the ramulus, and in the axils of a few of its lowest 

_ leaves. The female flowers are solitary, and the males in three-flowered cymes. In 
species of this genus, where the inflorescence is more apparently racemose, as in 
D. Embryopteris, it is not truly so, for the terminal flower being the first to expand, 
the inflorescence is really a-modified cyme. 


tt For. masc. Corolla longiuscula, hypocrateriformi ; staminibus inter se valde 
tnequilongis, 
_ _5. D. crumenata, Thw. ; foliis glabris, oblongis, abrupte acuminatis, 
obiusis, basi rotundatis vel parum angustatis. Masc. Cymis 3-5-floris, 
cernuis, pilosis, petiolo subsequilongis ; calyce obscure 4-dentato. Fior. 
FM. solitariis, majusculis, cernuis ; ealyce utrinque piloso, ad medium 
, inter lobos marsupio-dilatato ; Jobzs rotundatis, apiculatis ; ovario 
i; nuculaniis subsphericis 6-8-spermis.—c.P. 2438. _ 

‘Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli glabri. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata, siccitate 
fuscescentia, netiolo 3-4 iin. longo. FLor. Ae Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla 
Sin. longa. “Stamina circiter 12. Fuor. ras, Calyz 4 lin. | Corolla calyce 
_ -Patumlongior. Stamina ster. circiter 12. Nuculania 14-2 poll. in diam., demum 
glabra, calyce aucto tetragono suffulta. Semina nigra, nitida, 1 poll. longa, } poll. 

lata, albumine raminato. 

_ , 6. D. affinis, Thw.; foliis glabris, subcoriaceis, prominentim reticu- 
: lato-venosis, oblongis, Ae ‘eerie acuminatis, obtusis, basi acutis vel 
_ Subrotundatis. Masc. Cymis 3-7-floris, cernuis, pilosulis, petiolo 
_ parum longioribus ; ealyce breve 4-dentato. FLor. ra@m. solitariis, 
Maj is, cernuis, pedunculo subeequilongis ; calyce interne iloso, 

_ externe subglabro, ak medium 4-lobo, inter lobos marsupio-dilatato ; 

_ Lobis longiuscule acuminatis; ovario 6-loculari; nueculaniis sphericis, 
ee tae i 's Sepissim: j e 4-3 rmis.—c.P. 2924. i ; : 

_ -Haz. Ooma Oya, on the lower road from Kandy to Badulla. . 

— ¢ Arbor mediocris. Ramuli subglabri. Gemme pilose. Folia 14-44 poll. longa, 
6-16 lin. lata, siccitate nigrescentia, petiolo 3-5 lin, longo. Fuor. masc, Calyz 


A very closely allied to the preceding species, I think it may be considered 
S distinct, The timber of both species is suitable for building purposes. 
_,7: D. quesita, Thw.; foliis glabris, oblongis, abrupte acuminatis, 
‘obtusis, basi parum sali fede her reticulato-venulosis, su- 
_ Perne ad costam cum petiolo canaliculatis. Masc. Cymis 3-7-floris, 
-cernuis, pilosis, petiolo subequilongis ; calyce breve 5-dentato. For. 


180 NUMERATION OF | Ebenacee. 


FM. solitariis, calyee ad medium 5-lobo, inter lobos marsupio-dila- 
tato; lobis acutiusculis ; nueulaniis subsphericis.—c.P. 3010. 

Has. Singherajah and other forests between Ratnapoora and Galle. 
Nom. vulg. “‘ Kaloomidereya-gass.” 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli glabri. Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata, siccitate 
fusco-nigrescentia, petiolo 3-7 lin. longo. -Nuweulania (immatura) bipollicaria. 

This species produces the most valuable of the timber known as Calamander- 
wood, so much esteemed for ornamental cabinet-work. I regret that my specimens 
are too imperfect to allow of my giving so full a description as would be desirable of 
this interesting plant, which is nearly allied to D. erumenata, but its larger leaves 
and fruit, and its pentamerous flowers, well distinguish it. / 


8. D. Ebenum, Retz, (A. DC. l.c. p. 234, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. 
t. 188.)—c.p. 1912 (1913, 2437, 2439). 
Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“* Kaloowara-gass.”” a 
Arbor ingens. Folia membranacea vel parum coriacea, brevi-acuminata, rarius 
retusa, 2-7 poll. longa, {-24 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Ovarium 8-loculare. 
Semina albumine non ruminato. 
This tree yields-the best kind of Ebony-wood. 
Dr. Wight’s figure, copied from Roxburgh’s drawing, is not characteristic of this 
species as it commonly occurs here, the lobes of the corolla being represented too 
large, and the leaves without the usual somewhat abrupt obtuse acumination. 


_ 9. D. oocarpa, Thw. ; foliis glabris, membranaceis, ovatis vel ellip- 
ticis, obtuse acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel parum angustatis, incon- 
spicue venosis. Inrior. masc. racemoidea, pilosula; peduneulo 3-6- 
floro, petiolum xquante vel breviore ; pedicellis brevissimis ; ealyce sub- 
integro vel obscure 3-4-dentato. Ftor. ran. 1-3-nis ; ovario 6- vel 
8-loculari; nueulaniis ovoideis, rugulosis, sepissime 6-spermis, calyce 
vix aucto suffultis.—c.p. 1914, : 
Has. Kornegalle District, and at Haragam, near Kandy, at no great 
elevation. Nom. vulg. “* Kaloo-kadoombaireya-gass.” a 
Arbor mediocris. Ramuli juniores minute pilosuli. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, — 
13-2} poll. lata, petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. Fror. asc. Calyzx 2 lin. longus. Corolla 
5 lin. longa. Stamina circiter 12. Fron. ram. quam mase, vix majores, Nu- 
eulania (immatura) pollicaria. Semina albumine non raminato, ja 


tt Flores sessiles vel subsessiles, 
¢ Furor. masc. Staminibus indefinitis, inter se valde inaequilongis. 


‘10. D. insignis, Thw.; foliis suboppositis vel alternis, res ee = 
membranaceis, glabris, oblongis, acuminatis, parallelim delicatule venu- — 
losis, basi angustatis vel rotundatis. Masc. Capitulis multifloris; — 
_ ¢alyce ad medium 4-partito ; lobis acutis. For. raM. 1-2-nis; ovario 
— S-loculari ; nueulaniis subsphericis, minute depresso-areolatis, calyee 
eae , lignoso et tota margine quasi late reflexa suffultis.—C-P- 


: “ Has. Damp forests, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. . 


Arbor ingens. Ramuli juniores pilosuli. Folia 4-14 poll , 14-6 poll. lata, : 
Siecitate fuscescentia, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. For. asc. Calyx 1} lin. longus: — 
Corolla 4 lin. longa. Stamina circiter 20, Fior. rem. Nuculania sesquipollicaria. — 
_— a tones — lata, albumine ruminato. ee oe 


_ Ehbenacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 181 


1]. D. oppositifolia, Thw. ; foliis oppositis, glabris ( junioribus pilo- 
sulis), firmis, ovatis vel ellipticis, abrupte brevi-acuminatis, obtusis, 
basi rotundatis, obscure parallelim venulosis, brevi-petiolatis. — c.p. 
3011. 

Has. Hinidoon Corle, up to an elevation of 1000 feet. Nom. locale 
“ Kaloomidereya-gass.” 

_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata, siccitate fuscescentia, 
petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. Masc. Capitu/a (in meis specim.) pauciflora. Calyz 1 lin. 
longus, fere ad medium 4-lobus, /obis acutis. Corolla tenuis, circiter 3 lin. longa. 
Stamina circiter 8. Fror. ram. adhuc ignoti. 

The timber of this tree very much resembles the true Calamander-wood. 


12. D. Gardneri, Thw. ; foliis membranaceis, glabris, nitidis, ineon- 
spicue venosis, oblongis, acuminatis, basi parum angustatis, petiolatis ; 
Jloribus brevissime pedicellatis, pilosis; calyce ad medium 4-partito ; 
lobis triangularibus, acutis; corolle tubo parum inflato 3_ovario 8-locu- 
lari ; nuculaniis depresso-sphericis, apiculatis, fulvo-pilosis, denique 
ogg nitidis, ad dimidium inferius calyce valde aucto obtectis.—c.P. 


Has. Saffragam and Kornegalle Districts, and, less commonly, near 
Kandy. Nom. vulg. “ Kadoombaireya-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Gemma fusco-pilose. Folia 3-7 poll. 
longa, 14-2 poll. lata, siccitate nigrescentia ; petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. Fuor. masc. 
1-4-ni. “ Calyr 2 lin. longus. Corolla 5 lin. longa. Stamina circiter 12, filamentis 
Pilosis. For. rem. solitariis, erectis. Calya 22 lin. longus, Jobis recurvatis, 

-Mnargine reflexis. Nuculania (immatura) pollicaria. : 
The timber of this tree is valuable for building and for cabinet-work. 


tt Fror. masc. Staminibus indefinitis, inter se subequilongis. 


(13. D. ovalifolia Wight, Ic. t. 1227.—c.P. 1815, 2533. 

_ Has. Jaffna, Gardner. Central Province, at Hewahette and below 

_ Hapootelle, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. - 
_ Arbor mediocris. Folia 14-6 poll. longa, 4-2 poll. lata, siccitate fulvescentia, 

petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Flores 4- vel 5-meri. Masc. Stamina 15-20. Ovarii 

rudimentum parvum, conicum. Fam. Capitula 3-6-flora. Stamina sterilia 1-7. 

Ovarium 4- vel 6-loculare. Stigma 2-$-lobum, lobis reniformibus. Nuculania 

- Glabra, spheerica, glauca, 8 lin. in diam., sepissime ]-sperma. Semina subspheerica, 

_ Hume non ruminato. 

14D. Candolleana, Wight, Ic. tt. 1221, 1222.—c.p. 3394. ; 

_ Haz. Saffregam District and Hinidoon Corle. Nom. vulg. “Ho- 

-Medereya-gass,”” sa a, 

_, Arbor mediocris, ramulis, foliis junioribus inflorescentiaque ferrugineo-tomen- 

tosis, Folia sepius longe pe arg siccitate fulvescentia. Masc. Stamina 10-12. 

_*EM. Nuculania subsphirica, ferrugineo-pilosa, denique glabra, 7-8 lin. in a 

Sepissime 4-sperma. Semina oblonga, nigrescentia, transverse striata, 5 lin. longa, 

24 lin, lata, albumine ruminato. 


ae ttt Staminibus tot quot lobi corolla. 
Oe aaa: Birsate, Linn. f. (Supp. p. 440; A. DC. 1. ¢. p. 223.)— 
GP, 382. Bet 

_ Has. Forests in the Saffragam and Galle Districts. 


Arbor mediocris, ramulis, foliis junioribus inflorescentiaque ferrugineo-tomen- 


182 ENUMERATION OF [Ebenacee. 


tosis. Folia subcoriacea, elliptica vel oblonga, plus minus abrupte acuminata, basi 
param angustata, subtus tomentosa, demum subglabra, siccitate rufescentia, 3-8 poll. 
longa, 1-8 poll. lata, petiolo tomentoso, 3-4 lin. longo. Mase. Capitula multiflora. 
Calyz 1 lin. longus, vix ad medium 5-partitus. Corolla circiter 2 lin. longa. Ovar. 
rudim. parvum. For. rem. 1-3-ni. Calyz crassus, 8 lin. longus, ultra medium 
5-partitus; /odis triangularibus, acutis, margine reflexis. “Corol/a calyce parum 
longior. Ovarium sepissime 10-loculare. Nuculania ovoidea, apiculata, fulvo- 
tomentosa, 9 lin. longa, 6-10-sperma, calyce aucto suffulta, Semina nigra, trans- 
verse striata, 7 lin. longa, 8 lin. lata, albumine ruminato. 

Female flowers are occasionally intermixed in the male capitula, and in that case 
are much smaller than when occurring alone. I have not yet been able to ascertain 
whether these smaller female flowers produce perfect fruit, but one which I dissected 
had the ovary only 6-celled. 


16. D. Moonii, Thw.; foliis coriaceis, oblongis, acuminatis, basi ro- 
tundatis, superne glabris, costa petioloque canaliculatis, subtus sparse 
pilosulis ; calyce fere ad medium 5-partito ; lobis triangularibus, acutis; 
ovario 10-loculari ; nuculaniis sphericis, subglabris.—c.P. 2833. 

Has. Near Caltura, Moon ; aa Corle. 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli teretes, pilosuli, cito glabri, cortice fisso, nigro- 
cinerascente. Folia 5-12 poll. longa, 14-4 poll. lata, petiolo 3 lin. longo. In- 
Jlorescentia axillaris, et quoque in axillis folioram delapsorum, fulvo-pilosa. Masc. 
Capitula 6-10-flora. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla circiter 4 lin. longa. For. 
ream. 1—2-ni. Calyx crassus, 3 lin. longus, margine revoluto. Corolla calyce 
subsequilonga. Sfigma obscure 5-lobum. Nuculania sesquipollicaria, 6-10-sperma, 
calyce aucto suffulta. Semina oblonga, compressa, transverse rugosa, nigrescentia, 
7 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata, aléumine ruminato. 


é 17. D. acuta, Thw.; foliis coriaceis, glabris vel subtus sparsissime — 
pilosis, oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis, basi rotundatis, inconspicue venosis, 
superne costa petioloque canaliculatis ; ealyce ultra medium 4-5-partito; — 
lobis lanceolatis, acutis ; ovario 4- vel 6-loculari ; nuculaniis acuminatis, 
sepissime 2-3-spermis.—c.P. 3476. 

_ Has. Pasdoon Corle, pete 

Arbor mediocris. Ramuli teretes, pilosuli, cito glabri. Gemme adpresse fulvo- = 
pilose. Folia 5-12 poll.longa, 1-8 poll. Jata, siccitate subtus rufescentia, petiolo 
2-1 poll. longo. Injlorescentia adpresse fulvo-pilosa, aliquando monoica et tance 
_ capitulis feemineis versus apicem ramulorum, masculis infra. Masc. Capitula mul- 

tiflora. Calyx 2 lin. longus. Corolla circiter 4 lin, longa. Ovarit rudiment. 
minutissimum. For. ram. 1-4-ni. Calyx 4-5 lin. longus, Zodis ad marginem 
plus minus reflexis. Corolla calyce subsequilonga. Stigmata 2-3, 1 lin. louga, — 
_ Spathuliformia. Nuculania sesquipollicaria, calyce parum aucto suffulta. Semina — 
castanea, nitida, oblonga, acuminata, pollicaria, a/umine non ruminato. Nee 


__18. D. attenuata, Thw. ; foliis membranaceis, glabris vel sparsissime — 
reais oblongis, acuminatis, basi in petiolum brevem angustatis, cre- 
ime venulosis ; calyce ultra medium 4-5-partito; lobis lanceolatis, — 
acutis; ovario 4-loculari; nueulaniis oblongis, acuminatis, sepissime— 
2-3-spermis.—c.p. 3478. poet mae 
Has. Pasdoon Corle. ae 
___ Arbor medioeris. Folia 14-4 poll. longa, 4-1 poll. lata, siecitate pallide fusca, — 
_ petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. Inflorescentia pilis testaceis, nigris intermixtis, strigosa. 
_ Mase. Capitula 3-10-flora. Calyx 1 lin. longus. Corolla circiter 2 lin. longa. 
Foor. Farm. solitarii. Calyz 3-4 lin. longus, cobis ad marginem plus minus re 
flexis. Corolla calyce parum lougior. Stigmata 2, brevia, spathuliformia. Nuwew- 
: one 1-1} poll. longa. Semina castanea, nitida, oblonga, acuminata, a/dumine non — 


Aquifoliacea. | CEYLON PLANTS, 183 


2. MACREIGHTIA, A. DC. 


1. M. oblongifolia, Thy. 3 foliis subcoriaceis, oblongis, acuminatis, 
basi rotundatis, subtus ad nervos cum petiolo brevi fulvo-hispidis, 
denique glabris. Fiore. ram. solitariis, brevi-pedunculatis ; calyce 
hispido, ad basin 3-partito; lobis acutis; ovario puoso, 6-loculari; nu- 
eulantis subsphericis, fulvo-tomentosis, 3-6-spermis.—c.P. 3396. 

Has, Near Ratnapoora, and in the Singherajah and other forests 
between that place and Galle, 

Arbor parva. Ramuli juniores valde hispidi. Folia 3-7 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. 

__ lata, petiolo 1-2 lin, longo. Nuculania pollicaria, calyce non aucto suffulta, Semina 

6 lin. Jonga, 4 lin. lata, nigrescentia, radicula cylindrica, cotyledonibus oblongis 
dimidio longiore, aléumine non ruminato. : 

T have as yet only obtained specimens of this plant bearing ripe and unripe fruit, 
So am not quite certain that it is a true Macreightia, but it agrees with this genus 
in the characters my specimens exhibit. 


3. MABA, Forst. 


1. M. buxifolia, Pers, (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 240, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Sates 763.)—c.P. 477 

Var. 8. microphylla; foliis parvulis.—c.P. 1916. ae 

Var. y: Ebenus ; foliis majoribus, membranaceis, parum acuminatis 
vel retusis, sepe suborbiculatis.—M. Ebenus, Spr.; A. DC. Lc. p. 242, 
- cum syn. Neilgherrensis, Wight, Ic. tt. 1228, 1229.—c.p, 3395. 

Var. 8. angustifolia ; foliis lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis. 

Af. aageatfolia, Miq.—c.p. 1917. 

Has. Varr. a. and 8. Hot, drier parts of the island. Var. y- Am- 
bagamowa District, and near Ratnapoora. Var. 8. On the banks of 

rivers. Nom. vulg. “ Kaloo-habaraleya-gass.” 
___ [have devoted much time to the examination of the several very different-looking 
varieties of this plant, expecting to discover some sufficiently important constant 
a rs to enable me to separate them specifically, but I find them so completely 
_ onnected together by intermediate forms, that I have no hesitation in considering 
Hea az.) [presenting only one very variable species: variable, it may truly be 
called, Since the leaves in var. B are sometimes not a quarter of an inch in length, 
whilst in var. 8 they reach to five inches in length. 


. 


XCVII. AQUIFOLIACER. 
1. JLEX, Ling 


1 Flores tetrameri. 


LE denticulata, Wall. (Wis t, Tllust. t. iar 573. 
Has. wa Plains, at elevation of 6000 feet. 


Ramuli angulosi, minutissime puberuli, cito glabri, cinerascentes. 
glabra, oblonga, abrupte rostrato ta, acute serrata, 13-3} 


cae poll. lata, siccitate fuscescentia, petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Pedunculi 
nuit vel plus minus elongati. Pedicelli 8—4 lin. longi, umbellati.vel sparsi. 
Corolla 33-4 }in. in exp. ie . 


tt Flores pentameri. 


2. 1. Wightiana, Wall. (Wight, Ic. t. 1216.)—c.r. 2656, 3484. 


184 ENUMERATION OF [ Symplocee. 


Has. Southern and central parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. es. 
Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. Pedunculi sepe 
elongati ramosique. Pedicel/i umbellati, minutissime puberuli. ey 
3. I. Walkeri, Wight et Gardn. MSS.; foliis parvis, coriaceis, — 

glabris, nitidis, integris vel rarius parce denticulatis, oblongis vel ro- 
tundatis, acutis vel retusis mucronulatisque, basi plus minus angus- 
tatis ; wmbcllis sessilibus vel brevi-pedunculatis. — An I. integra, 
Thunb. Fl. Jap. p. 77 P—c.v. 298 (622, 647). eae 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. Bee 
Arbor parva, Ramuli angulosi, dense foliosi. Folia 4-12 lin, longa, 2-7 lin. 
lata, petiolo 14-2 lin. longo, parum alato. Pedicelli circiter 14 lin. longi. “Flores 
parvali, albidi. 


XCVIII. SYMPLOCEZ. 


1. SYMPLOCOS, Jacq. 
Sect. Ciponima, A. DC. 
Ovarium 2-loculare. 


1. S. pendula, Wight, Ic. t. 1237; Walp. Ann. i. p. 500.—c.p. 504 
| (555, 665). 3 ees 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet; — oe 
abundant. Fe 


Sect. Hopea, A. DC. 
t Folia secus ramulum fere ad basin disposita. 


2. S. spicata, Roxb. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p- 254, cum syn.; Wight, — 
Illust. ii. t. 150, et var. 8 lanica, A. DC. 1.¢. cum syn.)—c.P. 473. 
Has. Very abundant. ar. a in more elevated situations, up eee 
7000 feet. Var. 8 in the hotter, lower parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Bomboo-gass,” wey 
3. S. rufescens, Thw.; arborea, glaberrima; foliis oblongo-lanceo- 
latis, brevi-acuminatis, obtusis, inconspicue venosis, a medio ad apicem 
obscure crenulatis denticulatisque, basi acutis; sacemis simplicibus, 
filo amelto brevioribus ;_floribus inferioribus pedicellatis ; pee 
acteolisque parvis, glabris, margine ciliatis.—c.p. 3639 (473 partim). 
Has. Ambagamowa District. a 
Ramuli angulosi. Folia 13-4 poll. longa, 3-1} poll. lata, siccitate rufescentia ; 
petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. ye Sel peandae, ae | aoe Bracteole oblong®: 
calyce dimidio breviores, subpersistentes. Calyx glaber, lobis rotundatis, parum 
— —— ciliatis. aisti 
losely resembling var. 8 of the precedin ies, but a) utly quite 
I have not seen the fruit of the are i om ee ae oe 
A. &. lseta, Thw.; arborea, glaberrima ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, act- 
-munatis, obscure denticulatis, basi acutis, subtus parce pe " 
_ Yenosis ; racemis folio subequilongis vel brevioribus, basin versus 
nudis ; foribus sessilibus vel i beets subsessilibus ; bractess g) 582, 
toot oblongis; bracteolis nullis; baccis oblongis.—c.r. 160 Ge 


| : Symplocee.] CEYLON PLANTS... 185 


| _ Has. Not uncommon in the more elevated parts of the Central 
Province. : 

Ramuli teretes, striati. Folia 13-4 poll. longa, 6-16 lin. lata, juniora cyaneo- 
viridia, denique flavescentia ; petiolo 3-8 lin. longo. Calyx glaber, tubo obconico ; 
lobis rotundatis, subacutis, ciliolatis. 


5. S. bractealis, Thw. ; arborea, glaberrima ; foliis ovatis vel ovato- 
_ lanceolatis, acutis, glanduloso-serratis, creberrime venosis, basi obtusis 

_ Vel subacutis, brevi-petiolatis ; racemis folio brevioribus ; floribus sub- 
 sessilibus; bracteis bracteolisque majusculis, glabris, margine ciliatis, 
 deciduis; baccis oblongis.—c.P. 174 (676). 

_ Has. Forests in the more elevated parts of the Central Province. 

Ramuli teretes, striati. Folia 13-4 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata; petiolo 1-2} 
lin. longo. Bractee rotundate, 2-34 lin. longe, bracteolis oblongis majores. Calyx 
glaber, lobis rotundatis, 


696 (er vita Wall. (A. DC. Le. p. 255; Wight, Ic. t. 1233).—o.p; 

6 (673). 

Var. 8. major ; foliis majoribus, brevissime acuminatis, rotundatis 

vel retusis ; floribus parum minoribus.—c.P. 1820, : is ‘ 
ar. y. obovata ; foliis minoribus, obovatis vel suborbicularibus, basi 

— ryote pauci- sepe 1-floris.—S. obovata, Wight & Gardn. MSS. 

CP, 3 

Var. 8. cucullata ; foliis majoribus, valde coriaceis, oblongis vel obo- 
Vatis, utrinque obtusis, ad marginem cucullato-revolutis, superne pro- 
minentim, subtus inconspicue venosis ; petiolo brevi, crasso; racemis 
ut in var. a.—c.p, 2835, 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

A very variable plant, and perhaps var. 8, in which the leaves frequently reach to 
seven inches in length and three inches in width, is to be considered the most typical 
form of the species. In var. a the racemes sometimes become branchlike, the bracts 

ing converted into leaves, and thus it approaches var. y, in which the leaves of a 
branch often bear each a single stalked flower in its axil. The leaves in var. y show 
_ hot uncommonly a disposition to a verticillate arrangement. Var. 5 has, at first 
‘Sight, a very distinct appearance, but the peculiar form of its leaves proves it to be 
im an abnormal state, arising probably from certain conditions of moisture and ex- 
posure, 


7. 8. hirsuta, Wight and Gardn, MSS.; arborea; ramulis plus 
minus hispidis ; Vedanta creberrime venosis, oblongis, brevi- 
atis, basi rotundatis, serrulatis, superne glabris, subtus ad cos- 
tam petioloque hispidulis; racemis folio brevioribus, pilosis ; floribus 
inferioribus brevi-pedicellatis, superioribus sessilibus; bracteis brac- 
ay taque sepius externe pilosis ; calyce glabro vel rarius lobis externis 
_ Pilosis; baccis oblongis.—c.p. 368. : oe ‘ 
Var, 8. minor; foliis brevioribus, ovatis, acutis; petiolo longiore 
— quam in var. a.—o.p. 273, 2204. 
e - Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 
Folia 1-8% poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata; petiolo 2 lin. (var. B 3 lin.) longo. 
@ poll. longe. sou 
__, This species would seem to be very nearly allied to S. Hamiltoniana, Wall., 
ADC. Le. p. 254, and to S. foliosa, Wight, Te. t. 1234. 
8. S. elegans, Thw.; arborea; ramulis teretibus, plus minus rufo- 
vel testaceo-tomentosis ; foliis membranaceis, creberrime venosis, ob- 


°ngis vel ovatis, acute acuminatis, subintegris vel obscure ae 
B 


186 ENUMERATION OF [ Symplocee. 


perne glabris vel basi ad costam pilosis, subtus petioloque plus minus — 
pilosis, basi rotundatis vel subacutis ; racemis folio brevioribus, pilosis ; 
bracteis bracteolisque externe pilosis; calyce glabro, lobis ciliolatis; 
baccis oblongis, subampulliformibus.—c.P. 33. 

Var. 8. angustata; ramulis tomento falvo parcius tectis ; folis an- 
gustioribus, longius acuminatis.—c.P. 78, 155. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

: Folia 1-83 poll. longa, 3-13 poll. lata; petiolo 14-2 lin. longo. Bacca 5 lin. 
ongee, 

Closely allied to and resembling the preceding species, and I have sometimes felt 
disposed to regard them as varieties, but the different character of the pubescence, 
and the more acuminated leaves of the present plant, are perhaps sufficient to warrant 
their being kept distinct. 

; 9. S. hispidula, Thw.; arborea; ramulis subteretibus, parum angu- 
losis, plus minus hispidis; foliis membranaceis, creberrime venosis, 
integris vel obscure denticulatis, obovatis vel oblongis, abrupte brevi- 
acuminatis, basi rotundatis, subcordatis vel rarius subacutis, superne 

osulis vel glabris, subtus petioloque pilosis ; racemis folio brevioribus, 

ispidis ; floribus brevi-pedicellatis ; bracteis, bracteolis, calyceque eX- 
terne pilosis ; baccis subcylindricis, pilosis.—c.P. 407. 

Haz. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts, at an elevation of 3000 
to 5000 feet. 

- Folia 24-7 poll. longa, 14-84 poll. lata; petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Bacca@ pilose, 
5-6 lin. longe. 

The entire leaves, of a larger size and different shape, and the hairy calyx of the 
present plant, are the principal characters to distinguish it from 9. Aersuta, W. &G. 

10, &. jucunda, Thw. ; arborea; ramulis teretibus, fulvo-tomentosis 5 
folits membranaceis vel subcoriaceis, integris vel obscure distanter den- 
ticulatis, longiuscule acuminatis, basi rotundatis, superne pilosulis vel 

labris, subtus creberrime venosis et, cum petiolo, tomentosis ; racemts 

olio brevioribus, cum bracteis, bracteolis calyceque externe, tomentosis ; 
I ad brevi-pedicellatis ; baccis subcylindricis, pilosis.— ¢.P- 2435, 


Has. Deltotte and Saffragam, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 
Folia 24-6 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata; petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Bacce 6-1 lin. 
ong. 
- Differs from the preceding in its more acuminated leaves and in the character of 
the pubescence. From 8. pulchra, Wight, Ic. t. 1230, to which it bears a close re 
semblance, the entire leaves of the present plant seem sufficient to distinguish it. 


11. S. acuta, Thw. ; arborea ; foliis subcoriaceis, oblongo-lanceolatis, 
acuminatis, utrinque acutis, superne glabris, levibus, ad costam 2; 
culatis, subtus venosis, costa venisque primariis, cum petiolo, adpresse 
pilosulis; racemis petiolo pedis ot vel 2-3-plo longioribus, pube- 
rulis ; pedicellis calves brevioribus ; calyce tubo puberulo, lobis rotun- 
_, goblet baccis longiuscule sub-ampulliformibus, sub; abris.— 
C.P. : : 

Has. Saffragam District, at an elevation of 2000 feet. ees 
sae Ramuli teretes, juniores adpresse pilosi. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, $-14 poll. latas 
petiole 8-5 lin. longo. Bacce 5-6 lin. longe. 


Then ceanaimbaas es 8 


Le tt Folia versus apicem ramuli disposita. me 
. 12. S. cuneata, Thw. ; arborea ; foliis subcoriaceis, integris, oblong? : 


Symplocee. | ' CEYLON PLANTS. 187 


lanceolatis, acutis, basi in petiolum brevem gradatim angustatis, superne 
glabris, levibus, ad costam venasque primarias canaliculatis, subtus 
prominentim venosis, costa venisque, cum petiolo, adpresse pilosis ; 
racemis brevibus, tomentosis ; floribus subsessilibus ; baccis elongatis ; 
subcylindricis ; cum Jodis calycinis, pilosis.—c.P. 2920: 

Has. Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. 

Ramuli teretes, juniores dense adpresse pilosi. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. 
lata ; petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Bacce 6-7 lin. longe. 

The different arrangement of the leaves, as well as the subsessile flowers of the 
present species, sufficiently distinguish it from the preceding, to which it bears very 
considerable general resemblance. 

13. S. cordifolia, Thw.; arborea; foliis glabris, subcoriaceis obo- 
vatis, obtusis vel brevissime acuminatis, versus basin angustatis, auri- 
culato-cordatis, creberrime venosis, glanduloso-denticulatis, brevi-petio- 

is; racemis tomentosis, folio brevioribus; bracteis bracteolisque 
majusculis, externe tomentosis ; ealyce tubo glabro, lobis externe to- 
mentosis.—c.P. 271. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 7000 feet. 

Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 14-34 poll. lata; petiolo 1-2 lin. longo. Bace@ oblonge, 
glabree, calycis lobis tomentosis coronate. 


14. S. marginalis, Thw. ; arborea; ramulis teretibus et, cum petiolis 
racemisque, dense ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis coriaceis, integris, ob- 
longis, a rupte et brevissime acuminatis, basi subacutis, superne glabris, 
ad marginem parum incrassatum tomentosis, ad costam basi tomentosam 

_ eanaliculatis,subtus creberrime prominenti-venosis tomentosisque; calyce 
tomentoso.—c.p, 2688. , 
Haz. Ambagamowa District. 


Folia 33-7 poll. longa, 13-84 lata; petiolo 8-5 lin. longo. 


ttt Folia ad summum apicem ramuli subverticillata. 


15. S. apicalis, Thw.; subarborea, erecta, parce ramosa; ramulis 
_ teretibus; foliis majusculis, membranaceis, subintegris, minute denti- © 
Cwlatis, ereberrime venosis, oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis; racemis folio 
multum brevioribus, axillaribus et spe in axillis squamarum ramuli 
de psarum, hirsutis; floribus subsessilibus ; bracteis, bracteolis ealyceque — 
externe pilosis ; baccis oblongis, pilosis. eeEOD os 
Yar. a. strigosa ; ramulis strigosis; foliis basi acutis vel subacutis, 
costa petioloque strigosis.—c.P. 438. a o 
Var. B. g abrifolia ; ramulis glabris; foliis majoribus, glabris, a 
ioe versus basin gradatim angustatis, basi abrupte obtusis.— 
, Has. Var. a. Reigam Corle. Var. 8. In the Singhe-rajah Forest, 
between Ratnapoora and Galle, in wet places, at no great elevation. 
|, Folia 5-15 poll. longa, 14-54 poll. lata; petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Bacce 6-7 
_ 16. 8. coronata, Thw.; arborea; ramulis teretibus, ferrugineo-to- 
Mentosis ; foliis coriaceis, oblongis, wana acutis, serrulatis, creber- 
Rime venosis, superne glabris, pubens petioloque tomentosis ; racemis in 
‘xillis squamarum ramuli delapsarum, tomentosis, folio multum bre- 
Noriby 3 floribus subconfertis, sessilibus ; bracteis, ‘bracteclis calyceque 
externe pilosis; baccis ovoideis, pilosis.—c.P. 127. 


* 


188 ENUMERATION OF [ Oleacee. 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 
Folia 5-9 poll. longa, 2-4 poll. lata; petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Bacca 4-5 lin. 
longe. 


XCIX. ANCISTROCLADE. 
(Planchon, Ann, des Sc. Nat. (Ser. 8) xiii. p. 316,—Walp. Ann. ii. p. 175.) 


1. ANCISTROCLADUS, Wall. 
(Thw. in Linn. Soc. Trans. xxi. p. 225.) 


Semen copiose albuminosum, cerebriformi-ruminatum. Embryonis 
radicula cylindrica, cotyledones breves, subfoliacei, divergentes. 

1. A. Vablii, Arn. Pug. 7 (325); Planch. lc. p. 317; Walp. l.¢.; 
Thw. l. c. t. 24.—c.P. 1600. : : 

Has. Central and southern parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Gona-wel,” ‘‘ Gonapittan-wel.” 


C. OLEACEA. 


1. OLEA, Tourn. 


1. O. glandulifera, Wall. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 285; Wight, Ic. t- 
1238.)—c.P. 2481. 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

2. ©. Gardneri, Thw. ; glabra ; foliis oppositis, versus apicem ramuli 
aggregatis, coriaceis, integris, ovatis vel oblongis, plus minus acuminatis 
vel rotundatis, parce venosis, basi acutis ; eymis pedunculatis, 3-9-floris, 
rarius plurifloris, axillaribus et infra folia secus ramulum sparsis 5 pedi- 
cellis flore subequilongis ; corolla campanulata, ad medium 4-partita, 
‘ Sed Pt srgge otto Zeylanica, Gardn. MSS.—c.r. 275, (627, — 
- Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. : 

Arbor \0-12-pedalis. Folia 1-2} poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata; petiolo 2-3 lin. 
longo. Calyx acute 4-lobus. Corolla albida, 1 lin. longa. Stamina inclusa. Nu- 
culanca rotundata, pisi magnitudine, putamine tenui. 


2. LIGUSTRUM, Tourn. 


1, L. robustum, Bl. Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. i. p.313.—Visania robusta, 
A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 289, cum syn.—c.P. 475. i 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet ; common » 
the Hapootelle District. 


3. CHIONANTHUS, Linn. 
: (Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. i. p. 317.) 
_1. ©. Zieylanica, Willd. i. p. 47. Linociera purpurea, Vahl; A. DC. 


Baas vill, p. 297, cum syn. JL. dichotoma, V A. DC. 1. enn? 


Jasminacee.] ' CEYLON PLANTS. 189 


Has. Abundant in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Gherriatta-gass.” 

Corolla alba, siccitate subpurpurascens. 

As remarked by Blume, there seems to be scarcely sufficient ground for separating 
Tinociera as a genus distinct from Chionanthus. Of Chion. cotinifolia, Willd., 
founded on Plukenet’s description, quoted by Burmann in Thes. Zeyl. p. 31, I know 
nothing, nor am I acquainted with any species of this genus, indigenous to Ceylon, 
which has the under side of its leaves villous. 

2. C. albidifiora, Thw. ; foliis subcoriaceis, oblongis, abrupte rostrato- 
acuminatis, paucissime venosis, basi acutis; cymis axillaribus, subrace- 
moideis, paucifloris, folio multum brevioribus, glabris; bracteis minu- 
tissime pilosulis ; floribus brevi-pedicellatis ; calyce glabro, lobis rotun- 
datis, subacutis ; petalis elongatulis, canaliculato-linearibus ; nueulaniis 
obovoideis, apiculatis, glabris, putamine crustaceo.—c.P. 472. 

Has. Not uncommon at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Taccada-gass.” 

Arbor parva. Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 3-13 poll. lata; petiolo 2 lin. longo. Petala 
3 lin. longa, pallide flava. Nweudanca 6 lin. longa, purpurea. . 

This may possibly be a variety of Linociera Malabarica, Wall., Wight, Ic. t. 1246, 
which it very much resembles, but the leaves of that species are represented with a 
shorter acumination, and the flowers are described as sessile, with the pedicels and 
calyces hairy, in all which respects it differs from the present plant. 

3. ©. leprocarpa, Thw. ; foliis subcoriaceis, glabris, oblongis, acumi- 
natis, subeveniis, basi acutis ; eymis axillaribus, racemoideis, paucifloris, 
folio multum brevioribus, minutissime glanduloso-pilosulis ; floribus 
brevi-pedicellatis ; ealyce lobis latis, subtruncatis, ciliatis; petalis (im- 
maturis) margine involutis; nwewlaniis ovoideis, parce leprosis, puta- 
mine lignoso-chartaceo.—c.P. 2475. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet ; rather 
rare. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-5} poll. longa, 1-12 poll. lata; petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. 
Nuculania purpurea, 1 poll. longa, 6-7 lin. lata. 

4, C. rostrata, Thw.; foliis subcoriaceis, glabris, oblongis, longiuscule 
rostrato-acuminatis, eit over ; cymis axillaribus, vancincea brevibus, 
paucifloris, minutissime pilosulis ; Totes us tie oar calyce lobis 
rotundatis, ciliatis ; nweulaniis glabris, sub: 
noso-chartaceo.—c.P. 3472. , 

Has. Hinidoon Corle. : 

_ Folia 24-4 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata; petiolo 8-84 lin. longo. Nuoulania 14 
lin, longa, 6 lin. lata. 


CI. JASMINACE#. " 


1, JASMINUM, Tourn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Pitcha.”) 
Sect. 1. Unifoliata, A. DO. Prod. viii. p. 301. 
Lv. ~ Ait. (A. DC. l.. var. a, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 704.) 


ep. 181 


Has. Galle, Gardner ; Batticaloa. 


ormibus, putamine lig- 


190 _ENUMERATION OF [ Salvadoracee. 


2. J. angustifolium, Vahl, (A. DC. 1. c. p. 303, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. t. 698.)—c.P. 1807. : 

Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island, and very 
variable in the shape of its leaves. : 

3. J. rigidum, Zenk. (A. DC. 1.c. p- 305; Wight, Ic. t. 1247, cum 
he seq.) J. myrtophyllum, Zenk.; A. DC. 1.c. p. 304. oJ. tetraphis, 

Syed & Gardn. in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. v. 27. p. 55.—o.P. 1809. 

4B. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

Ramuli puberuli. 

4. J. auriculatum, Vahl, (A. DC. 1.c. p. 309, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 700.)—c.P. 1810. 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. 

Obs. Jasm. laurifolium, Roxb., occurs in gardens, but I have never found it in a 
wild state. 

Sect. 2. Trifoliolata, A. DC. 


__§. J. flexile, Vahl, (A. DC. 1. c. p- 310; Wight, Ic. t. 1253; Burm. 
Thes. Zeyl. p. 127. t. 58. fig. 1.)—c.p. 724 (1814). 

Has. N ot uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Foliola oblonga vel lanceolata, acuminata, basi rotundata vel acuta. 


Sect. 3. Alternifolia, A. DC. 


6. J. humile, Linn. (A. DC. 1.¢. p. 313.) J. revoluti, Sims, var. Bs 


A. DC. le. p- 312; Wight, Ic. t. 1258, cum syn. seq. J. bignoniacewm, 
— Wall., et J. aureum, Don.—c.r. 1811. 


Has. Elephant Plains, Gardner ; below Horton Plains, at an eleva- 
tion of 6000 feet. 


2. NYCTANTHES, Juss. 
ee ene, Linn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p- 314, cum syn.)— 
om " 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. Not uncommon in native gardens and near 


Buddhist temples, but hardly truly wild. Nom. vulg. ‘ Saipaala-gass 


A colouring matter is obtained from the corolla-tube of this plant, which is em- 
ployed by the native priests for dyeing cloth yellow. 


CII. SALVADORACEA. 
(Planchon in Ann. des Se. Nat. (Ser. 3) x. p. 189). 


1. SALVADORA, Linn. 


22 1. & Wighttens, Planch, MSS. in Heb, Hock. &. Indica, Wight, 
_ Hlust. ii. p. 229. t. 181 (P Royle). 8. Persica, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 389: 


in Jacq. Voy. vol. iv. p. 140, adn. ; Walp. Ann. i. p. 547 (non 


S. Persica, Linn.),—c.p. 2267. . 
- Has. Near the seacoast, towards the north of the island. 


Apocynaceea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 191 


2. AZIMA, Lam. 
(Wight, Tllust. ii. p. 156.) 


1. A. tetracantha, Lam. (Walp. Ann. iii. p. 16, cum syn. ; Wight, 
l.c. p. 157. t. 153.)—o.P. 2216. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


CITT. APOCYNACEA. 


1. WILLUGHBEIA, Roxb. 


1. W. Ceylanica. — Chilocarpus Ceylanicus, Wight, Ic. t. 1288. 
Winchia cirrhifera, Gardner, MSS.—c:P. 1829. 

Has. Not uncommon in forests, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
_ Fructus carnosus, subsphericus vel parum pyriformis, flavo-rubescens, 4—5 poll. 
in diam. Semina oblonga, compressa, 2 poll. longa, 4 poll. lata, ¢esta tenui, mem- 
branacea, cotyledonibus carnosis, rufescentibus, vadicula parva. 

The large, handsome fruit of this species is a favourite food of monkeys. 


2. CARISSA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Karanda-gass.””) 


1. ©. Carandas, Linn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 332, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 426.)—c.p. 1823. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner ; Kornegalle. 

2. G, diffusa, Roxb. (A. DC. l.c.; Wight, Ic. t. 427.)—c.P. 1822. 

Has. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 


3. OPHIOXYLON, Linn. 


1. O. serpentinum, Willd. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 342, cum syn.; 

Wight, Tc. t. 849.)—o.r. 1834. : 
4B. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ai- 
kawaireya.” 

2. O. densiflorum, Thw.—0. lanicum, Wight, Ic. t. 1291. O. 
N etlgherrense, Wight, Ic. t. sel peep iane a densiflora, Wall. 
Edw. Bot. Reg. v. 15. t. 1273; A. DC. Le. p- 373.—c.P. 1836. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 


4. ALYXIA, R. Br. 


1. A. Ceylanica, Wight, Ic. t. 1293.—c.P. 1835. 
Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 


Flores flavidi. Carpella matura, coccinea, 2~7-sperma. 
5. HUNTERIA, Roxb. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘ Maddeya-gass.”’) 
1. H. Zeylanica, Gardn.. MSS. — Cameraria Zeylanica, Retz ; 


192 ENUMERATION OF ; [ Apocynacee. 


- Willd.; A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 389, cum syn.—An Hunteria corymbosa, 
Roxb. var. P—c.p. 1827. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island ; common. 
_ Flores flavidi. Carpella oblonga, rostrato-acuminata, stipitata, pollicaria. 

The wood of this species has a very fine, close grain, resembling that of the Box- 
tree. 

2. ? H. Roxburghiana, Wight, Ic. t. 1294.—c.p. 2518. 

Has. Central Province, in the Maturatte and Badulla Districts. 

Folia lineari-lanceolata, obtuse acuminata, basi acuta, superne nitida, subtus opaca 
pallidioraque, venis primariis parallelis parum conspicuis, 2-6 poll. longa, 3-1 poll. 
lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. lores flavidi. Carpel/a (immatura) parce acuminata. 

This would seem to have the leaves narrower and less numerously and strongly 
veined than Dr. Wight’s plant, as represented in his figure, but in other respects 
there appears to be great similarity. 


a 6. CERBERA, Linn. 


1. CG. Odollam, Gertn. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 353, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Te. t. 441.)—c.P. 1832. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, especially near the sea. Nom. vulg. 
*“‘ Gong-kadooroo-gass.” 


7. OCHROSIA, Juss. 


1, ©. Borbonica, Gm. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 356, cum syn.)—9O.? 
platyspermos, A. DC. 1.c. cum syn. Cerbera parviflora, Moon's Cat. 
p- 19. An Willd. i. p. 1222 P—c.p. 1833. 

Has. Caltura, and other places near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ Moodoo- 
kadooroo-gass.” 


8. TABERNA MONTANA, Plum. 


1. 'T. dichotoma, Roxb. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 366, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 433.) Cerbera Manghas, Linn. (partim.) Manghas lactescens, 
etc., Burm. Thes. Zeyl. 151. t. 70. f. 1.—c.v. 2834. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Diwi-kadooroo-gass.” s 

Semina matura in pulpa sanguinea nidulantia, ae 

This is no doubt the plant intended by Burmann, judging from his description of 
the fruit, though he has given the native name of another species. 


9. VALLARIS, Burm. 


1, V. Pergulana, Burm. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 399, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Te. t. 429.) —c.P. 2515. 
Has. Colombo, Mr. W. Ferguson. 
-—-Q. ‘W. dichotoma, Wall. (A. DC. lc. p. 400; Wight, Ic. t. 438, cum 

- syn.)—o.p. 2519. 

_ Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

The smaller foliage, and a slight difference in the shape of the corolla of the pre- 
sent plant, give it a somewhat distinct appearance from the preceding, but the two 
are so closely allied that it would: perhaps be quite safe to consider them as mere 


CEYLON PLANTS. _ 193 


—— 


varieties of one species. The flowers of V. Pergulana have a disagreeable odour, 
but I do not remember whether the same character applies to those of V. dichotoma. 
_ Tan discover no difference in the nectaries of the two plants. 


10. HELIGME, Blume, Endl. 
Parsonsia Sect. 2, A. DC. 


1. HL. spiralis.—H. Rheedii, Wight, Ic. t. 1303, cum syn. Parsonsia 
spiralis, Wallich; A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 402.—c.r. 1862. 
Has. Very abundant, up to an_.elevation of 3000 feet. 


Flores virides, externe rufescentes. 


7 il. WRIGHTIA, R. Br. 


1. W. tomentosa, R. et Sch. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 404,,cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 443.)—o:p. 2691. 

Has. Central Province; not very uncommon. 

Corolla flavida, rubro-tincta. Corona coccinea, breve et obtuse 5-loba, lobis sub- 
crenatis. Flores siccitate cyaneo-nigrescentes. 


2. ? W. Rothii, G. Don, (A. DC. Lc. p. 406, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t.1319.) Var. 8 puberula.—c.P. 1837. 

Has. Damboul, Gardner. 

Ramuli cum foliis gunioribus puberuli. Anthere dorso pilose. = 
This will probably prove to be distinct from W. Rothii, but my specimen is not — 
_ Sufficiently perfect to justify a new species being established upon it. PMS. 

3. W. angustifolia, Thw.; foliis glabris, membranaceis, lineari-lan- _ 
_ ceolatis, obtusis, basi acutis, brevi-petiolatis ; eymis delicatulis ; floribus 
minute pubescentibus; corona glabra, 5-partita; dobis linearibus, an- 
_ theris oppositis equilongisque, fere ad medium bifurcatis, segmentis 

aa vel ad apicem parce laciniatis.—c.r. 1839. 

- Has. Damboul and Trincomale, Gardner. penis 
_ Folia 14-4 poll. longa, 4-% lata; petiolo circiter 1 lin. longo. Pediceli 
tenues, pubsecthaeiens,-Chigd: lin. longus, lobis rotundatis, subacutis, ciliatis, — 
corolla tubo brevioribus, Corolle lobi lineari-oblongi, obtusi, 3 lin. longi. Authere — 
‘orso parum pilose. ee fe 
- This risarl geomaet 8 W. tinctoria, R. Br. (c.P. 1838, 2385), but its much nar- 
Tower aud more membranaceous leaves, and very differently-shaped corona, seem 
sufliciently to distinguish it from that species. Of the latter I have only garden 
‘Specimens in the herbarium, and I have no evidence of its having been detected 
Wild in the island, though it may be expected to occur so in the northern districts. 
vba W. Zeylanica, R. Br. (A. DC. Le. p. 407, om syn.)—W. anti- 
dysenterica, R. Br.; A. DC. 1. c. cum syn.—c.P, 1829. . 

. Haz. Common in the south of the island. Nom. vulg. “Sooddoo- 
lero alba, tubo glabro, lobis puberulis- Corona alba, antheris longior, pluri- 


12, ALSTONIA, B. Br. | 
A. scholaris, R. Br. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 408, cum syn. ; Wight, 
A22.)—0.r, 1840, chee 


‘The fibre of the stem is very fine and strong, and is much used by the Cinghalese. 


194 ENUMERATION OF [ Apocynacee. 


Haz. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Roo- 
kattana-gass.” 


The light wood of this tree is employed for making coffins. 


13. HOLARRHENA, R. Br. 


1. EX. mitis, R. Br. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 413.)—c.p. 756. 
Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Kirri-walla-gass.” 


Arbor mediocris. Cyme folio breviores, 5-12-flore. Corolla alba. : 
The wood of this tree is light in weight, of a pale colour, and fine, close grain, 
and is used for inlaying cabinet-work. 


14. CHONEMORPHA, G. Don. 


1, G. macrophylla, G. Don, (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 430, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 432.)—c.p. 2467. 
His. Not very uncommon, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


15. AGANOSMA, G. Don. 


1. A. elegans, G. Don, (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 433, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Ic. t. 1304.) —c.P. 1850. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not uncommon. : 
Folliculi teretes, 5-9 poll. longi, 24 lin. lati, testaceo-pilosi, denique subglabri. — 
Semina glabra, lineari-oblonga, nigra, 7 lin. longa, 14 lin. lata, brevi-rostrata, longe 
comosa. 


16. CLEGHORNIA, Wight, Walpers. 


1. C, acuminata, Wight, Ic. t. 1310.—C. cymosa, Wight, Ic. t. 1312. 
—c.P. 1861. : 

Has. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 
5000 feet. 


_ The two forms of this plant, described by Dr. Wight under two specific names, 
are connected by intermediate ones, and have, therefore, no claim to be kept distinct. 


17. ICHNOCARPUS, R. Br. 


1. I. frutescens, R. Br. (A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 435, eum syn. ; Wight, 
Te. t. 430.)—c.P. 1863, 


Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “Kirr- — 
Ww e 29 


18. ANODENDRON, A. DC. 
‘1. A. paniculatum, A. DC. Prod. viii. p. 444, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. a 


é ti. 396.—c.P. 1843. ‘ \ Ped 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “Dool. 


: _ 2, A. rhinosporum, Thw.; glabra;  foliis subcoriaceis, oblongis, — 
utrinque plus minus abrupte angustatis, obtusis, subtus pallidioribus, — 


 Aselepiadacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 195 


inconspicue venosis; cymis terminalibus, delicatulis, valde divaricato- 
ramosis ; pedicellis flore longioribus ; seminibus rostro gracili equilongo 
ornatis.—c.p. 2579. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Maturatte Districts ; not common. 

Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. lata ; petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. Calyx % lin. longus, 
lobis ovatis, subacutis. Corol/a flava, 3 lin. in exp. -duthere sessiles. Follicult 
3-5 poll. longi. Semina glabra, minute rugulosa (rostr. excl.), 6 lin. longa ad apicem 
copiose comosa. 

Vinca rosea, Linn., is become quite naturalized in the neighbourhood of Colombo 
and other places. Plumeria acutifolia, Poir., is also widely distributed, especially 
about Buddhist temples. 


CIV. ASCLEPIADACEZ. 


1. HEMIDESMUS, R. Br. 


1, H. Indicus, R. Br. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 494, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ié. t. 594.)—c.p. 183 (1865). 
as. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Eremoosoo.” 
The root of this plant (Indian Sarsaparilla) is much used medicinally by the 
Cinghalese, 


2. CRYPTOLEPIS, R. Br. 
(Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd.-Bat. i. p. 146.) 


1. C. Buchanani, Rem. et Sch. (Walp. Rep. vi. p. 474, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 494.)—c.p. 2548. : 
B. Common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


3. SECAMONE, R. Br. 


___1. S. emetica, R. Br. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 501, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ie. t. 1283.)—c.r. 1851. 
. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


4. TOXOCARPUS, W. et A. 


__ 1%. Kleinii, W. et A. (Decaisne’in DC. Prod. viii. p. 505; Wight, 
Te. t. 886.)—c.p. 2578. aS 
Has. Maturatte District, at an elevation of 3000 feet; not common. 


5. CYNOCTONUM, Er. Mey., Decaisne. 


1. ©. paucifiorum, Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 528, cum syn.— 
Cynanchum pauci ori, R. Br.; Wight, Ic. t. 354. An C. peduncu- 
latum, Than. DO. Prod. viii. p. 548.—c.P. 2466. ple, 
Has. Very common in the Central Province. Nom. vulg. “ Kang- 
oombala.”’ : 


__ The Cinghalese eat the young leaves of this and of many other plants of this 
Natural Family, in their curries, 


196 ENUMERATION OF [ Aselepiadacee. 


6. CALOTROPIS, R. Br. 


1. C. gigantea, R. Br. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 535, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Lllust. ii. t. 155.)—c.p. 1831. i 
AB. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Warra. 


The fibre of this plant is very fine and strong. The milky juice is employed 
medicinally. — 


7. PENTATROPIS, R. Br. 


1. P. microphylla, W. et A. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 536, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 352.)—An Cynanchum acuminatum, Thunb. DC. 
l.c. p. 548 P—c.p. 1853. 

oe Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


8. SARCOSTEMMA, R. Br. 


_ __ 1. S. Brunoniana, W. et A. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 538; 
"Wight, Ic. t. 1282.)—-c.p. 1880. 
__ Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; common. Nom. vulg. “ Moowa- , 
» Keeriya.” 
The stems are used medicinally. 


9. OXYSTELMA, R. Br. ie 
: 1. 0. esculentum, R. Br. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 543, cum 
* syn.)—c.P. 2837. 

' - < Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


10. DAEMIA, R. Br. 


_1. D. extensa, R. Br. (Decaisne in DO. Prod. viii. p. 544, cum syn. ; : 

co Waaht, Te. t. 596.)—Cynanchwm echinatum, Thunb. DC. 1.c. p. 469.— 
 .OBelB4l, ; ’ a ie ae a, 
_ _ Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


ll. TYLOPHORA, R. Br. 


5 | 1. T. carnosa, Wall. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 607 ; Wight, To. 
 t, 351.)—c.. 1852. Bie 
_ Has. Hotter parts of the island. 


2. 'F. cordifolia, Thw.; volubilis; ramulis pilosulis; foliis glabris, 
_ cordatis, mucronatis, basi lamine parce Slanduloue ; petiolo ree, 
-pilosulo ; pedwnculis 1-2-floris, folio subequilongis, cum floribus glabris 5 
corone staminee radiate foliolis oblongis, truncatis, carnosis, postice 
‘Superneque parum productis et ibi lateraliter compressis; gynostegou™ 

_ convexum umbilicatum subequantibus.—c.p. 717. ae 
_ _Has. Common in the Central Province. ; Gs EN 
Folia 3-13 lin. longa, 2-9 lin. lata; petiolo 1-14 lin. longo. Cady parvus, lobis- 
ovatis, subacutis. Corod/a fusco-purpurea, 4 lin. in exp., lobis ovatis, subacutis. 
Corona staminea 1 lin. lata, flavida. Folliculi seepius abortn_solitarii, attenuati, 


* 


_ Aselepiadacee.] CEYLON PLANTs. 197 


3. T. micrantha, Thw.—7. Zeylanica, Decaisne, 1. c. p- 608. Cy- 
nanchum micranthum, Thunb. DC. 1. ec. p- 548.—c.p. 2517. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata; petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. olliculi 
elegantuli, glabri, 5 poll. longi. 


4. 'T. fasciculata, Ham. (DC. 1. ¢. p- 608; Wight, Ic. t. 848.)— 
c.P. 369. 


Has. Not uncommon ‘in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 to 7000 feet. 


Flores flavidi, purpureo-tincti, vel omnino fusco-purpurei. 


5. a2 asthmatica, W. et A. (DC. lc. p. 611, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 1277.) 

Var. a. pubescens, DC. 1. c.—c.p. 1857 (1858). 

Var. 8. glabra, DC. 1.c.—An Cynanchum flavens, Thunb. et C. brae- 
teatum, ‘Thunb. DC. 1. ¢. p. 549 2—c.p. 1849 (1860). 

Han. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Binnooga.” 

Folia ad apicem petioli seepe parce glandulosa. lores flavidi, plus minus pur- 
pureo-tincti. 


A very variable plant as regards the shape of the leayes and the amount of pu- 
bescence. ‘The natives employ the roots medicinal ' 


ES 
: 
q 
a 


. 


12. COSMOSTIGMA, Wight. aS 
1. C. racemosum, Wight (DC. in DC. Prod. viii. p. 613, cum syn. ; . 


Wight, Ie. t. 591.)—C. acuminatum, Wight, Ic. t. 1270.—c.P. 1854. 
. Warmer parts of the island; common. 


13. MARSDENIA, R. Br. 


__1. M. tenacissima, W. et A. (DC. in DC. Prod. viii. p. 616, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 590.)—c.p. 2860. 
_ Has. Hotter parts of the island; not very common. 


14. GYMNEMA, R. Br. 


ne 


at: stigmate conico staminibus longiore; folliculis attenuatis, 

mUris.—-C.P, 3086. 

~ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 
‘lia 2-4 poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata; petiolo 3-14 poll. longo. Pedicelli flore 

duplo longiores, Calpois Zobi oblongo-rotundati, pilosi. Coro/la flava, calyce duplo 


198 ENUMERATION OF [ Aselepiadacee. 


3. G. lactiferum, R. Br. (DC. 1. c. p. 622, cum syn.)—G. Zeylanicum, 
Deeaisne, 1. e.—c.P. 2580. 

Var. 8; foliis subtus molliter parce pubescentibus.—c.r. 1847. 

Haz. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Folliculi (var. a) lanceolati, 34 poll. longi, 2 poll. in lat. max., obtusi, sepius 
abortu solitarii, juniores ovati vel oblongi. : 


15. BIDARIA, Endl. 


1. B. pergularioides, Thw.; volubilis; ramulis cum petiolis, pe- 
dunculis pedicellisque pubescentibus ; foliis subglabris, ellipticis vel 
oblongis, plus minus acuminatis, basi acutis vel rotundatis, ad apicem 
petioli glandulosis; pedunculis petiolo subsquilongis; pedicellis bre- 
vibus ; folliculis lineari-lanceolatis, valde attenuatis, puberulis, denique 
subglabris.—Gymnema pergularioides, Wight et Gardner, MSS.—An 
Cynanchum cuspidatum, Thunb. DC. 1. c. p. 548? : 

Var. a; corolle tubo lobis calycinis 2-3-plo longiore ; folliculis lon- 
giusculis.—c.p. 2671, 2672. ge 

Var. 8; foliis minoribus, firmioribus; corolle tubo lobis calycinis vix 
longiore ; folliculis brevioribus.—c.p. 1848. 

Folia 14-6 (var. 8, 1-2) poll. longa, 3-2 poll. (var. 8, 3-10 lin.) lata; petiolo 
2-7 lin. longo. Pedicelli corolle tubo subequilongi. Calycis lobi ovati, subacutt. ‘ 

Corolla flava, seepius plus minus rubro-tincta, 3-4 (var. 8, 2-3) lin. in exp., lobis 
_ ovato-lanceolatis. Fol/iculi 5-6 (var. B, circiter 3) poll. longi, 3 lin. lati. 

This variable species is evidently very closely allied to B. elegans, Decaisne. 


16. LEPTADENTA, R. Br. 


1. L. reticulata, W. et A. (Decaisne in DC. Prod. viii. p. 628, cum 


syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 350.\—An Cynanchum ovatum, Thunb. DC. |. ¢. 
p- 548 P—o.p. 1846. 


Has. Anooradhapoora, Gardner. 


17. HETEROSTEMMA, W. et A. 


1. H. Tanjorensis, W. et A. (DC. in DC. Prod. viii. p. 630; Wight, 
Te. t. 348.)—c.p. 1856 (1859). : 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


18. DISCHIDIA, R. Br. 


1. ? D. nummularia, R. Br. (DC. in DC. Prod. viii. p. 632, cum syn.) 

I have a drawing, made some years ago, from a plant collected in the island, which 

is either D. nummularia or a species very closely allied to it, but unfortunately the 
——- was not preserved, nor is the particular locality in which it was found 


19. HOYA, R. Br. 


1, H. ovalifolia, W. et A. (Wight, Ic. t. 847.)—c.p. 2670. 
Bow ot Not very uncommon in the Ambagamowa District, at no great 
— elevation. 


Folia ad apicem petioli glandulosa. Flores albidi, plus minus rubro-tineti- 


Aselepiadacea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 199 


2. Hi. Wightiana, Thw.; volubilis; foliis glabris, carnosis, lineari- 
lanceolatis, acuminatis, obtusis, basi angustatis ; pedunculis brevibus, 
multifloris; corolle lobis ovatis, parce acuminatis, obtusis, minute pa- 
pillosis; corona staminea parum depressa, foliolis obovatis, obtusis, 
interne acutis.—c.P. 2762. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

Folia 1-8 poll. longa, 2-5 lin. lata; petiolo purpurascente, 1-3 lin. longo. Pe- 
dicelli glabri, 6 lin. longi. Calyx minutus, glaber. Corolla alba, 6-7 lin. in exp. 
Corona staminea purpurea, 2 lin. in exp. ; 

A very beautiful species, bearing considerable resemblance to the figure of 
Dr. Wight’s H. pauciflora (H. parviflora in dese.) Ic. t. 1269; and its more 
numerous flowers and obtusely-pointed leaves seem to be the principal points of 
distinction. 
es H. viridiflora, R.. Br. (DC. l.c. p. 639; Wight, Ic. t. 586.)—c.P. 

5. 

Has. Common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kirri- 

angoona.”” 


The leaves of this species are eaten by the Cinghalese. 


20. CEROPEGTIA, Linn. 


1. C. elegans, Wall. (Bot. Mag. t. 3015; DO. in DO. Prod. viii. 
Pp. 642; Wight, Ic. t. 1265.)—C. sphenanthera, W. et A.; DC. Le. 
p. 643. ©. Mysorensis, Wight, Ic. t. 846. C. Walkeri, Wight, Ic. t. 
1266.—c.p. 738. 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

This and the other species of the genus are very variable as regards the shape and 

ize of the leaves and colour of the flowers, and far from constant in the shape and 
size of the latter, 


2. ©. Gardneri, Thw.; volubilis, glabra; foliis lanceolatis, acumi- 
hatis ; pedwneulis petiolo subeequilongis, paucifloris ; calycis lobis Be, 
hearibus, acutis; corolla ad tubi basim parum inflata, ‘supra medium 
subito valde ampliata, apice aperte 5-crumenata, margine ciliata ; co- 
rone staminee lobis exterioribus linearibus, acutis ; interioribus multo 
longioribus latioribusque et apice reflexis ; folliculis longiusculis, tere- _ 
- Ubus.—c.p, 2838. 

_ Has. Rambodde, at an elevation of 4000 to 5000 feet, Gardner. 
Pedicelli pedunculo subeequilongi. Corol/a albida, purpureo-maculata, circiter 2 
H. longa, 13 poll. in exp. olliculi (immaturi) 7 poll. longi, 2 lin. Me. : 

of HerY Pretty species, allied to the preceding, but it can scarcely be a variety 

i it. 
3. C. Thwaitesii, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4758.—c.P. 1842. 

| - Central Province ; not very common. ; a 

| This will possibly prove to be a small variety of C. Decatsneana, Wight, Ic. t. 
159, to which it is evidently very closely allied. — 

_ 4,4. ©. candelabrum, Linn. (DC. lc. p. 643, cum syn.)—C. intermedia, 

4g fe Te. t. 1263.—0.. 774. , 

_ *14B. Hotter parts of the island; not uncommon. Bs 

ree extremely variable species, and I suspect that several Indian plants, described 

as distinct species, will be discovered to be mere varieties of it. 


200 : ENUMERATION OF | [Loganiacee. — 


21. CARALLUMA, R. Br. 


1. GC. attenuata, Wight, Ic. t. 1268.—An C. adscendens, R. Br. ; DO. 
in -DC. Prod. viii. p. 647, cum syn. —c.P. 3304. : 

Has. On rocky ground at Ooma Oya, on the lower road from Kandy 
to Badulla, at no great elevation. 

My specimens of this plant so much resemble Roxburgh’s figure of 8. adscendens 
in Pl. Cor. t. 30, that it seems not improbable that the cilia were accidentally absent, 
or overlooked in the corolla of his specimen. 


22. BOUCEROSIA, W. et A. 


: 1. B. umbellata, W. et A. (DC. in DC. Prod. viii. p. 648, cum syn. 5 

Wight, Ie. t. 495.)—B. campanulata, Wight, Ic. t. 1287.—c.P. 2861. 

ane tics. Rocks near Kornegalle. 

os Ayres, d curassavica, Linn., is become quite naturalized and distributed throughout | 
the island. 


CV. LOGANTIACEZ:. 


1. MITRASACME, Labill. 


1. M. Indica, Wight, Ic. t. 1601; Bentham in Linn. Soc. Proe. i. 
‘p. 92, cum syn.—c.P. 1677. a 
_ Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


2. FAGRAGA, Thunb. 


1.‘P. Zeylanica, Thunb. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 29, cum syn.; Blume, — 
-Rumphia, t. 78. fig. 2.)\—Solandra oppositifolia, Moon’s Cat. p. 15, 
- -Has. Central Province, not common. Nom. vulg. “ Atambooroo- — 
 gass.” ee 
2. F. obovata, Wall. in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 38; DC. 1. e.—F. Ma- 
_ labarica, Wight, Ic. t. 1817.—c.P. 757. SB 
_ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 5000 feet. 
- "This differs from F. Zeylanica in its more scandent habit, much short flowers, 
and more oblong fruit; but in other respects they are very closely allied. In both, 
_ placenta are distinct, not, as in the following species, cohering in the centre ( 
the ovary. 2 
3. F. Gardneri, Thw. ; scandens ; foliis majusculis, coriaceis, glabris, 
_ subeveniis, obovato-cuneatis, apice rotundatis, basi truncatis, DM 
_ petiolatis ; petiolo parum stipulaceo; corolla late infundibuliform 
tubo calyce circiter 3-plo longiore ; placentis in medio ovaru cohwren- 
- tibus.—c.P. 1826. ; oye 
- Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 » 
_. The present species has weaker, more scandent branches, than the preceding. | se" 
~ leaves have a more crowded appearance, and the calyx is larger, with its pair 
_ bracteoles at its immediate base, instead of halfway down the pedicel, as in the pet 
ceding. The two plants are, however, very closely allied, and their flowers are very 
similar in general appearance. The somewhat coriaceous flowers of all three speci’ 
are of a yellowish-white colour; the fruit is shining and glaucous. = 


ri 


Loganiacee, | | CEYLON PLANTS. 201 


3. STRYCHNOS, Linn. 
Sect. 1. Seandentes. 


1.8. minor, Blume, (A. DO. Prod. ix. p. 14; Benth. in Journ. Linn. 
Soc. Bot. i. p. 100.)—o.P. 187. 
Var. 8. parvifolia, Benth. 1. c.—c.v. 341, 


: Var. a. Warmer parts of the island. Var. 8. Central Pro- 
vince, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 


2. S. colubrina, Linn. (A. DC. 1. ¢.; Benth. l.e. p. 101.)—e.P. 2516. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not uncommon. 
Rami juniores parce puberuli, cito glabrati. Folia sepe ad basin sub-5-nervia. 
Corolle lobi interne versus apicem pilis paucis rigidis ereetis ornati. 
_ Distinguished from the preceding by its pentamerous flowers and larger fruit, as 
Indicated hy Mr. Bentham. I have never seen the fruit nearly so large as it is re- 
presented by Rheede, but have never met with it quite mature. The leaves of the 
resent species are most frequently somewhat 5-nerved at the base, owing to the 
ctness of the submarginal nervure. 


‘:, 8. laurina, Wall. (A. DC. Le. p. 13; Benth. lc. p. 102.)—c.». 


Has. Galle, Kornegalle, and other of the warmer parts of the island. 
Nuculania (immatura) pollicaria. 
4 8. cinnamomifolia, Thw. ; glabra; eirrhis simplicibus ; foliis ob- 
longis, rostrato-acuminatis, obtusis, basi acutis, triplinerviis 3 eymis 
nalibus, pedunculatis, trichotomis, folio brevioribus ; corolle lobis 
glabris ; nueulaniis majusculis, sphericis, polyspermis.—sc.P. 1867. 
« svAB. Hantani District, at an elevation o feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Atta-kirindi-wel.” 
_, folia 24-4 poll. longa, 13-13 poll. lata; petiolo 2-8 lin, longo. Cyme tomen- 
tele, ramulos breves terminantes. Corolla albida, tubo interne iafra medium sparse 
80, 4-5 lin. longo, lobis 13 lin. longis. Nucudania circiter 3 poll, in diam. 
is large cli 8. Tiente, Lesch 
as climbing plant much resembles Blume’s figure of 8. » Lesch., 
-Ramphia, t. 24, and would seem also to have many characters in common with S. 
_ Cvalifolia, Wall. ; but in these latter the inflorescence is axillary, whilst in the pre- 
Sent species it terminates the small ramuli, as in 8. nu-vomica. From the last- 
hamed Species the present differs in, besides its scandent habit, having narrower, 
‘More acuminated leaves, and larger flowers. 


Sect. 2. Arborescentes. 


5. 8. nux-vomica, Linn. (A. DC. lc. p. 15, cum syn.)—c.P. 2839. 
Has, Hotter parts of the island. Nom vulg. “ kadooroo-gass.” 
Corolla interne infra medium pilosa. Nuculania sepe 1-2-sperma, 

pe Linn. f. (A. DC. Lc. cum syn.; Wight, Illust. ii. 
3367. 


Hap. Hot, drier, and especially the northern parts of the island. 
vulg. “Ing gas | 


: 4. GERTNERA, Lam. 
G. rosea, Thw. (Benth. in Linn. Soc. Proc. i. p. 111.) —o.r, 2673, 
= : D 


202 ENUMERATION OF | Loganiacee. 


Has. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. 

Frutex glaber, 8-10-pedalis. Ramuli.bicostati. Folia elliptico- vel ovato- 
lanceolata, longe acuteque acuminata, basi in petiolum brevem angustata, 14-3 poll. 
longa, 4-14 poll. lata. Stipule carinate, biaristatee, in tubum coalite. Flores 
terminales, terni, sessiles ad apicem pedunculi brevis vel subnulli. Calyx tubulosus, 
1 lin. longus, irregulariter 4—6-denticulatus. Corol/a 8-10 lin. longa, externe 
roseo-purpurea, /obis 4, linearibus, tubo multum brevioribus. dnthere 4, oblonge, 
subsessiles. Nuculania subspheerica, pallide cyanea, 4-5 lin. in diam. 


2. G. Walkeri, Wight, Illust. ii. t. 156 6; Bentham, 1. e. (partim). 
_ —Sykesia Walkeri, Arn. Pug. 36, 354; DC. Prod. ix. p. 35.—c.P. 288. 
. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

Frutex 8-10-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia 14-4 poll. longa, 4-14 poll. 
lata; petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. Stipule coalite, truncate vel brevi-acuminate et apice 
bifide. Cyme terminales, glabra, sepius 5-flore, folio subsequilonge. Nueulama 
subsphzerica, cyanea. 


3. G. Gardneri, Thw.; ramulis teretibus, minute puberulis ; folis 
labris, anguste lanceolatis, acute acuminatis, basi acutis, brevi-petio- 
tis; stipulis longe coalitis, parum acuminatis bifidisque; cymts pu- 
ng sepius 3-floris et folio brevioribus, floribus erectis.—c.P. 346 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 
Frutex 8-10-pedalis. Folia 1-2} poll. longa, 2-5 lin. lata. Flores fructusque 
fere ut in preecedente sed parum majores. é 

The puberulous ramuli and inflorescence, differently-shaped leaves, fewer-flowered 

cymes, and rather darger flowers and fruit, distinguish this from the preceding species, 
to which it is very closely allied. 


4, G. ternifolia, Thw.; foliis ternis, parvis, glabris, rigidulis, h- 
nearibus, mucronatis, utrinque acutis, eveniis, brevi-petiolatis ; floribus 
terminalibus, solitariis, pedicellatis, cernuis—G. Walkeri, var. angus- 
tifolia, Benth. 1. ce. (partim).—c.P. 440 (457). 

Has. Ambagamowa District, near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of — 
4000 to 5000 feet. 


Frutex 4-6-pedalis. Ramuli_puberuli, 3-costati. Folia 47 lin. longa, 4-1 lin. 
lata, costa subtus prominenti. S¥ipule breves, acuminate, basi coalite. Pedicells 
folio breviores, puberuli. Calyx brevi-campanulatus, acute 5-dentatus, puberulus, 
basi bracteolatus. Corolla alba, 5-6 lin. longa, parum campanulata, externe glabra, 
tubo intus superne villosulo, lobis longiore. Filamenta corolle tubi medio affixa, 
— oblongas, exsertas eequantia. Nuculania subspherica, cyanea, 4 lin. 0 


A very beautiful and very distinct species. 


5. G. Koenigii, Wight, Ic. t. 1318; Benth. 1. c. p. 112.—G@. acwmi- 
— le.; Sykesia Kenigii, Arn. Pug. 35 (353); DC. l.e— 
C.P. ; 

Var. 8. thyrsiflora.—G. thyrsiflora, Blume, Mus. Bot. i. p- 1743 
— Benth. 1c. G. ovyphylia, Benth. 1.¢. Sykesia thyrsiflora, Arn. 1. ¢3 

DC. 1. c.—c.r. 3343 ie 
Hap. Var. a. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var- B 
south of the island, at no great elevation. ie 
_ The somewhat smaller leaves and flowers, and the elongated and often de- 
wh cymes of var. 8, appear to me to be the only characters to separate 1t 


“Var. a, 


Gentianacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 203 


CVI. GENTIANACEA. 


TRIBE I. GENTIANEZ. 
1. EXACUM, Linn. 


Sect. 1. Pseudochironia, Griseb. 


_ _ 1. E. Zeylanicum, Roxb. (Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 45, cum syn. ; 
Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4423.)—Chironia trinervia, Linn.; Moon’s Cat. 
p. 16.—c.P. 512. i 

Var. 8 ; floribus minoribus allidioribusque ; antheris brevioribus.— 
E. eens, niet S.—c.p. 38. : , Jia 
- Common in damp, sy places, up to an elevation o 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Binder Se gos 
_ Caulis plus minus tetragonus vel subteres. Folia ovata vel anguste lanceolata, 
“ig plus minus acuminata. Anthere var. a circiter 3 lin. (var. 8 14% lin.) 
gee 


At one time I considered, as did Dr. Gardner, varr. a and 8 distinct species, but 
the examination of very numerous specimens, I am unable to find any essential 
permanent character to separate them. 


2. E. macranthum, Arn. (Griseb. 1. c. p- 46; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 
4771.)—E. ovale, Griseb. 1. ¢.—c.P. 1877. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 
Caulis teres vel parum tetragonus. Corolle purpurex, Jodis rotundatis, plus 
minus acuminatis. Anthere 4—5 lin. longe. 
_,, This beautiful plant differs from the preceding only in the deep purple colour, of 

: er flowers and the greater size of their anthers, and it might safely perhaps 
be considered a mere mountain variety of if. G 
8. EB. Walkeri, Arn. (Griseb. Ll. ¢. p. 45.)—c.P. 1878. 

: B. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 6000 feet. 
Caulis tetragonus, ad nodos minute glandulosus. Coroila alba. 
__.4. E. axillare, Thw.; caule parum procumbente, 4-alato; foliis 3- 
-hervus, ovato-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis ; pedicellis axillaribus, 
Solltarus, calyce brevioribus; floribus 4-meris; calyce late alato; co- 
Tolle lobis lanceolatis, acuminatis.—c.P. 2998. : 
_ Has. Near Hewessee, in the Pasdoon Corle, at no great elevation. 

Folia membranacea, 14-3 poll. longa. Calyx semipollicaris ; a/is membrauaceis, 
axe venosis. Corolla cyanea, lobis 4 poll. longis. : 


anes Sect. 2. Pseudosebea, Griseb. 
$96) ce eniatem, Linn. (Griseb. 1. ¢. p. 46, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
30.)—c.P. 1876. ‘ 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 
Corotla pallide cyanea vel albida. 
4 . a sessile, Linn. (Griseb. |. c. p.47, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1324, 
4. L)—o.p, 250, 
‘4B. Common in grassy places, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Corolla cyanea vel albida. 


204 ENUMERATION OF [ Gentianacea. , 


2. PLADERA, Roxb. 


_ 1. P. pusilla, Roxb. (Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 63, cum syn.)— 
Cicendia fastigiata, Griseb, 1. c. p. 62.—c.P. 2840. 

Has. Common in damp, grassy places, in the hotter parts of the 
island. 


3. CANSCORA, Lam. 


1. C. diffusa, R. Br. (Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 64, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 2841]. ° . 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 


2. ©. decussata, Rom. et Sch. (Griseb. 1. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 2400. 
Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province, on the borders of 
paddy-fields, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


3. C. sessilifiora, Rom. et Sch. (Griseb. 1. c. cum syn.)—o.P. 3581. 

Has. Batticaloa District ; not common. 

4. C. perfoliata, Lam. (Griseb. l.c. p. 65, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 
1327, f. 2.)\—o.p. 1874, 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


4. SLEVOGTIA, Reich. 


1. S. orientalis, Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 65, cum syn.—c.P. 1871. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, especially near the sea. 


5. GENTIANA, Tournef. 


1. G. pedicellata, Wall. (Griseb. in DO. Prod. ix. p. 107, eum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1328.)—G. Zeylanica, Griseb. 1. c. p. 108.—c.P. 1873. 
4B. Abundant amongst grass, at Newera Ellia and other of the 
most elevated parts of the island. 


6. CRAWFURDIA, Wall. 


Tripterospermum, Blume. 


1. C. fasciculata, Wall. (Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p- 120, cum syn. ; 
Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4838.)—Var. 8 Championii ; Tripterospermum 
Championii, Gardn. MS.—c.p. 137. : 

: Has. Horton Plains, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 
eet. * 
Corolla cylindrico-campanulata, 1 poll. longa, 6 lin. in exp., omnino flavo-viridis 

_ Vel margine plicisque purpureis. Fructus carnosus, ruber, stipite sequilongo concolore. 

- Placenta due. Semina triserialia, libera, acute trigona, brunnea. gk 
The present plant corresponds in so many respects with the figure and description 
of C. fasciculata, that there can scarcely be a doubt of its being a variety of ap 
species. It has, however, essentially the characters of the genus sik eis adie Se 
Blume, and I suspect that the fruit of Crawfurdia must have been inaccurately de- 
scribed from dried specimens. : 


' 


* 


Gentianacea.| CEYLON PLANTS. 205 


7. OPHELIA, Don. 


1. O. Zeylanica, Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 124.—c.p. 1875. 
; et Central Province, in grassy places, at an elevation of 6000 to 
000 feet. 


Corolla cyaneo-purpurea, foveis orbicularibus ad marginem longe radiato- 
fimbriatis. 


TRIBE Il. MENYANTHE. 


8. LIMNANTHEMUM, Gmelin. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Oloo,” ‘“ Ambala.”) 


1c Indicum.— Menyanthes Indica, Linn. Sp. Pl. cum syn. (non ~ 
Griseb.)—c.p. 3152. 

Yar. a. staminewm ; stylo staminibus multo breviore.—L. Kleinianum, 
Griseb. in DC. Prod. ix. p. 139, cum syn. 

Med stylosum ; stylo waast staminibus longiore.—L. Wightianum, 

riseb. 1. ¢, 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 
: Between the forms a and B of the present plant I can find no difference, except 
in the relative length of the stamens and style; and, as there are instances of an — 
exactly corresponding kind amongst the Rudiacee and Erythroxylea, and 1 believe 


also in the Oxalidacee, this difference is scarcely sufficient to found a specific cha- 
racter upon. The seeds in both forms are delicately muricated, or frequently nearly — a 
smooth. As regards the figure in Rumph. Amb. lib. xi. t. 72. f. 8, quoted by - 


Linneus, it would seem to me that, taken in connection with the description in 
page 173 of the same volume, there can be but little doubt of its being intended for 
the plant now under consideration, although Grisebach refers it to a species closely 
allied to, if it indeed be more than a state of L. cristatum. 

2. L. cristatum, Griseb. 1. c. cum syn.; sed Rheede, Hort. Mal. xi. 
P. 57. t. 29 (non p. 55. t. 28.)—An L. Indicum, Griseb. 1. c. quoad de- 
Script. P—c.p, 1870. 

4B. Abundant in the hotter parts of the island. i 

3. Lb. Moonii, Thw. ; Solis parvis ; radicalibus (sterilibus) deltoideis 
vel trapezoideis, petiolo plus minus elongato ; caulinis ( Jloriferis) cor- 
dato-orbiculatis vel obovoideis ; pedicellis 2-5-nis; floribus parvis, 4- 
meris; corolle lobis fimbriatis, disco versus apicem sparse pilosis; 
glandulis minutis, penicillato-pilosis ; seminibus minute muricatis vel — 
subleevibus,— anthes campestris, Moon’s Cat. p. 13. An Villarsia 
parvifolia, Wall. Cat. ?—c.r. 2842. aoe 

8. Not uncommon in the south of the island, growing in the water 
or on wet ground. 
Folia 4-1 poll. in diam. Flores albi, circiter 4 lin. in exp. 
Nearly allied to the preceding species. 
__ 4. Ge. biflorum, Thw. ; caulibus elongatis, simplicibus, v. parce ra- 
_Mosis plurinodiis; modis monophyllis; foliis cordato-orbicularibus, 

subtus glanduloso-punctatis ; petiolo longiusculo, basi vaginante ; 
Pedicellis. elongatulis, sepius binis, in ae bracteew oblonge, sub- 
— acute, folio opposite ; calycis se tis ovatis, acutis ; corolla glabra, 

lutea, calyee api longiore, ad faucem glandulis 5 minutis pilosis 
staminibus alternantibus munita; Jobis margine fimbriatis; capsula 


‘ ; 


206 ENUMERATION OF [ Cyrtandracee. 


lysperma ; seminibus subsphericis, opacis, punctulatis.— Menyanthes 
iflora, Moon’s Cat. p. 138. An DL. Forbesianum, Griseb. 1. ¢.?—c.P. 
1869. 

Has. South of the island. ; 

This is probably Z. Forbesianum, Griseb., in part; but it does not quite agree 
with the characters given of the flower of that species; nor does the author notice 
the very different habit the present plant exhibits to that of the other species of the 
section, the stem simply elongating, at each innovation, by the production of a single 
shoot at its apex, instead of producing, as in the other species (in addition to the 
fascicle of flower-pedicels), a sessile offset developing its own roots, and a succession 

of petioled, floriferous leaves, (perhaps more correctly termed petiole-like stems,) 
each terminated by a single leaf. 


OVII. BIGNONIACE®. | 


1. CALOSANTHES, Blume. . 


1. ©. Indica, Blume, (DC. Prod. ix. p. 177, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
tt. 1337, 1338.)—c.p. 3171. 
Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 

_ “ Totilla-gass.” ‘ 


2. SPATHODEA, Beauv. 


_ _ 1. S. Rheedii, Wall. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 206, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 
— -1339.)—c.P. 3170. , 
‘Has. Hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Deya-danga- 
gass.” . 


3. STEREOSPERMUM, Cham. 


1. S. chelonoides, DC. Prod. ix. p. 210, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
-:1341.—c.P. 1959. 
_ Has. Very abundant near ,the sea, and occurring up to an elevation 
_ of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Loonoo-madala-gass.” 
_ 8. suaveolens, DC. (c.e. 1960), is sometimes to be found in the neighbourhood of 


= _ Buddhist temples, in the south of the island, but I cannot hear of its oceurring truly 


wild. Its roots are much valued by the natives as a tonic medicine, and they attri- 

bute the same properties and give the same name (“Palol””) to those of Spathodea 

adenophylia, which is occasionally found in gardens. ee 

: Millingtonia hortensis is very common, but in or near cultivated ground, and I 
__ have no evidence of its being really wild. 


CVIII. CYRTANDRACEZ. 


1. HSCHYNANTHUS, Jack. 


1 Zeylanica, Gardn. in Calcutta Journ. vol. vi. p. 474; Wight, 
Te. a oe Asch. Perrottetii, A. DC. Prod. ix. p. 261, var.?— 
C.P. é : 


' 


Cyrtandracee.) CEYLON PLANTS. ae 


- Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

My specimens differ from the description of . Perrottetii principally in the 
leaves being narrower, and acute at the base, and in the corolla being externally 
sprinkled with glandular hairs. ; 


2. DIDYMOCARPUS, Wall. 


1. D. Zeylanica, R. Br. in Pl. Jav. Rar. p.119; DC. Prod. ix. p. 266. 
—D. longipetiolata, Gardn. in Cale. Journ. vi. p. 475; Walp. Ann. iii. 
p. 96.—c.p, 352 (395, 1783). : 

Has. Ambagamowa District, near Adam’s Peak, at an elevation of 
5000 to 6000 feet. 

Folia basi cordata vel rarius subacuta; petiolo breviore, eequilongo vel 2-3-plo 
longiore, basi seepe rufescente. Pedunculi pedicellique rubri. Calyx flavo-rufescens, 
lobis lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis. Corolla alba, tubo cyaneo-purpureo. Stamina 
sterilia clavata.. Stigma oblique orbiculare, album. : 

2. D. Humboldtiana, Gardn. l.c. p. 477; Walp. l.c.; Hook. Bot. 
Mag. t. 4757.—0.P. 1784. 

ar. 8. D. primulafolia, Gardn. 1. c. p. 478; Walp. 1.c.; Hook. Bot. 
Mag. t. 5161.—c.p. 1785. ; 

4B. Common in damp, rocky places in the Central Province and 
elsewhere, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


This is a most variable species, and there appears to me to be no permanent cha- 
tacter to distinguish D. primulefolia from D. Humboldtiana ; and | think it is not 


them, varieties of the present plant. 


parum acutis, basi in petiolwm alatum, plus minus elongatum angus- — 

tatis; eymis compactis pedunculoque floccoso-tomentosis ; lobis calycinis 
earibus, subacutis; corolle tubo valde ventricoso, ore contracto; limbo 

patulo, subequaliter rotundatim 5-lobo ; ovario glandulis sessilibus 

pilisque brevibus consperso.—c.P. 3368. ie | 
Has. Dolosbage, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 feet. — 
Flores pallide purpurei, 6-7 lin. in exp. ; 

_,_ this is principally distinguished ree the preceding by the different character of — 

its pubescence, its. larger foliage, more compact cymes, and the more contracted 

of the corolla. 


3. CHIRITA, Ham. 


1. ©. Moonii, Gardn. in Cale. Journ. vi. p. 479 ; Hook. Bot. Mag. 
rsa Walp. ‘Amn. iii. p. 98.—Martynia lanceolata, Moon's Cat. p. 
—C.P. 1789, 
Has..Four Corles, Moon ; Hantani, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 
; 2. C. Walkeri, Gardn. l.c. p. 480; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4327 ; Walp. 
-C.—0,P, 2843 ; 
Var. 8; minus pubescens; floribus minoribus.—c.P. 542. o 
Has. Var. a, Raxawa and Newera Ellia, up to an elevation of 7000 ae 
feet. Var. B. Reigam Corle, at no great. elevation. ee 
Var. 8. Calyx 3-4 lin. longus. Corolla pollicaris, pallide purpurea. Anthere 
barbatee (sicut in var. a). - 


improbable that D. tomentosa, D. ovalifolia, and D. Rottleriana, are some or all of 


3. D. floccosa, Thw.; subacaulis; foliis 3-4-nis, ovatis, crenulatis, = 
superne tomentosis, subtus pallide fulvo-floccosis, apice rotundatis vel _ 


208 ENUMERATION OF [ Cyrtandracee’ 


3. ©. Zeylanica, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4182; Walp. Rep, vi. p. 522.— 
C. communis, Gardn. 1. c. p. 481; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 98.—c.P. 1788. 

Var. 8 ; foliis lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, minus pubescentibus ; vents 
dee ted paucioribus ; jloribus parum minoribus pallidioribusque.— 
c.P. 3437. 

Has. Var. a. Common in damp forests, up to 5000 feet. Var. 8. At 
the edge of a rivulet in the Singherajah Forest between Galle and 
Ratnapoora. 


4. KLUGIA, Schlecht. 


1. K. Notoniana, DC. Prod. ix. p. 276, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
_ 1893; Gardn. in Cale. Journ. vi. p, 487.—K. glabra, Gardn. I. c. p. 489. 
—c.P. 1787, 3369. 3 
Has. Common in the Central Province, on rocks and banks in 
running streams, up to an elevation of 6000 fect. Nom. vulg. 
“ Deyanella.” 
_- 2. ~-K. Zeylanica, DC. 1.c.; Gardn. lc. p- 490; Hook. Bot. Mag. 
— t. 4620.—c.P. 1786. - 
_ - Has. In similar situations with the last. 
Precedent valde affinis, a qua foliis Jlortbusque minoribus, et Jobis calycinis inter 


___ 8e eequaliter carinatis, solum differre videtur. Varietates forsan species unice. 


5. EPITHEMA, Blume. 


1. E. carnosum, Bentham, (DO. Prod. ix. p. 288.)—E. Zeylanica, 
Gardn. in Cale. Journ. vi. p. 492; Wight, Ic. t. 1354.—0.r. 2844. 

Has. Common on damp rocks, in the Central Province, up to an ele- 
vation of 5000 feet. 


Corolla pallide eyaneo-purpurea. 


6. IIANTHERA, Nees. 


ae W 
p. 483; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 99.—o.p. 1670. 

Has. In damp forests, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Corolla alba. Anthere flave. 


7. CHAMPIONIA, Gardn. 
(Cale. Journ. vi. p. 485 ; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 96.) 


1. C. reticulata, Gardn. l.c. 3 Walp. 1. e.—c.p. 358. 
Has. Saffragam District, at an elevation of about 3000 feet; not 
‘uncommon, 
Caulis erectus, 6-12-pollicaris. Folia 2-7 poll. longa, $~14 poll. lata, petiolo 
Eni 


ig Aen 30. Pedunculi swepe folio longiores, solitarii vel bini, Flores 4-5 


oa 


CEYLON PLANTS. 209 


CIX. SESAME. 


1. SESAMUM, Linn. 


1, S.Indicum, Linn. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 250, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tllust. ii. t. 163.)—c.P. 2023. 

at Jaffna, Gardner ; Trincomale, Rev. S. O. Glenie. Nom. vulg. 
“Tel-talla.” 


Oa in the hot, drier parts of the island, for the sake of the oil yielded by 


2. PEDALIUM, D. Roy. 


1. P. Murex, Linn. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 256.)—o.p. 1779. 
Has. Common near the sea. Nom. vnlg. “ At-nairenchee.” 


“Shobha DIANDRA has become quite naturalized in the north of the island, on 
€ coast. 


OX. HYDROLEACEA. 


1. HYDROLEA, Linn. 


1. H. Zeylanica, Vahl, (Choisy in DC. Prod. x. p. 180, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 601.)—c.r. 1883. 
ar. B. ciliata, Choisy, 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 1884. ie 
_ Has. Very common in dam places, in the hotter parts of the 
d. Nom. vulg. “ Deya-kirilla.” ‘ 


OXI. CONVOLVULACEA. 


1. RIVEA, Choisy. 
1. R, tilicefolia, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 325, cum syn.—Argyreia 


_ tiligfolia, Wight, To. t. 1358.—c.P. 2848. 
iit. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
_“ Ma-banda.” 


2. R. Zeylanica, Thw.—Ipomaa Zeylanica, Gertn. de Fruct. ii. 


Var. 8. hirsuta.—R. hirsuta, Wight, Ic. t. 891. Argyreia hirsuta, 
 Wiet A.; Choisy, 1c. p. 330.—o.P. 1944. : 
a ar. y. emarginata.—R. pomacea, Wight, Ic. t. 888. Argyreta 
| ae Choisy, l.c.) 


i Varr. a and 8. Very abundant, up to an elevation of 5000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Girri-tilla.” ee 
Thave no Ceylon specimens of var. y, but it doubtless occurs in the island. 


+» 3. RB, : .; Wight, Ic. t. 1356.— 
01 oo gag Choisy, l.c. p. 326, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic 


- Has, Hot, drier parts of the island. e 


210 ENUMERATION OF [ Convolvulaceei 


2. ARGYREIA, Lour. 


1, A. speciosa, Sweet, (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. p- 328, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 2849. 
_ Has. Central Province, Mr. H. de Alwis. Nom. vulg. ‘ Maha- 
doomooda.” 


2. A. Leschenaultii, Choisy, l.c. p. 329, cum syn.—c.P. 1932, 
Has. Batticaloa, Gardner. 


3. A. splendens, Sweet, (Choisy, l. c. cam syn.)—o.P. 2845. 
Has. Hantani District, Gardner. 


4. A. elliptica, Choisy, l.c. p. 330, cum syn.—c.P. 1933. 
Has. Central Province 3; not uncommon. 


5. 4. hancorniefolia, Gardn. MS.; foliis glabris, ellipticis vel 
ovatis, acuminatis, arcte parallelim venosis, basi rotundatis ; pedunculis 
solitariis, unifloris, sitlastoup terminalibusque, petiolo brevioribus, 
medio bibracteatis ; bracteis valde caducis ; fructibus carnosis, obovato- 
oblongis, apiculatis.—c.r. 1924, _ : 

AB. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Ramuli juniores, cum petiolis pedunculisque, adpresse fulvo-pilosi. Folia sub- 
coriacea, 2-34 poll. longa, 13-12 poll. lata, petiolo tenui, $-1 poll. longo. Sepala 
ovata, subacuta, 2-3 lin. longa. Corolla purpurea, tuo parum inflato, Jimbo 14 
poll. in exp. : 

6. A. aggregata, Choisy, l.c. p. 333, cum syn.— Lettsomia aggregata, 
Roxb. Wight, Ie. t. 1859. -c.. 1943, s 

Has. Abunda t in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


BATATAS, Rumph. 


28 paniculata, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix, p. 339, cum syn.— 
c.P. 499, 


Has. Colombo, Mr. W. Ferguson. Nom. vulg. ** Kirri-baddoo.” 


2. B. Choisyana, Wight, Ic. t. 491.—An Convolvulus atropurpureus, 


Wall. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 54; Plant. As. Rar. p. 38. t. 43 P—c.v. 3647. 
_ Has. Batticaloa District, ' 


The only specimen of this plant I possess agrees very well with Wight’s figure, 


but the shape of the corolla would appear to be so very unlike that of Wallich’s 
must be distinct, though Choisy, in DC. Prod. p. 366, describes them as one species, 


_ Batatas EpuLIS, Choisy, is abundantly cultivated as a vegetable. B. pentaphylla 
_ common in gardens, and Quamoclit coccinea and Q. vulgaris are also common 


4. PHARBITIS, Choisy. 


1. P. Nil, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. . 343, cum syn.—c.p. 1938. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island sf 


Prarnitis Learu, Hook., has no claim to be considered indigenous to Ceylon. 


. 


Convolvulacea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 211 


- 5. CALONYCTION, Choisy. 


1, C. speciosum, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 345, cumsyn.; Wight, 
Ie. t. 1361.—c.P. 3648. 

Has. Abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 

_ Alanga.” 

A plant (c.P. 8580), closely allied to the present, though probably a distinct 
species, having longer, more fleshy pedicels, and smaller and purple flowers, is culti- 
vated by the Cinghalese, who eat the pedicels in their curries. It is said to be not 
truly indigenous, 

2. C.? comospermum, Boj. (Choisy, 1. c. p. 346.)—c.». 3536. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner ; Dichwelle, near Matura, close to the sea. 

Planta tota glabra. Pedunculi uniflori. Sepala obtusa, mutica vel mucronulata, 
demum pollicaria. Corolla magna, alba. Semina nigra, semipollicaria, margine 
longiuscule Janata, 

Can this be the Rivea hypocrateriformis, Choisy, as regards the Trincomale plant ? 
It appears to me to be a true species of Ipomea. 


6. IPOMG:A, Linn. 
me I. reptans, Poir. (Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 349, cum syn.)—c.P. 


Has. On the borders of tanks in the hot, drier parts of the island; 


rad cultivated as a vegetable by the Cinghalese. Nom. vulg. “ Kang- 
oong.” 


2. I. Pes-Caprm, Sw. (Choisy, 1. ¢. cum See eeu 1934. 
0 


Has. Very abundant near the sea, m. vulg. ‘ Moodoo-bin- 
tambooroo.” 


3. I. rugosa, Choisy, 1. e. p. 350, cum  . 2854. ‘ 
B. Very abundant in damp fields. Nom. vulg. “ Bin-tambooroo. 
4. I. reniformis, Choisy, J. c. p. 351, cum syn.—c.P. 3579. 
- Has. Hot, drier parts of the hid. 
5. I. littoralis, Blume, (Choisy, 1. c. p. 352.)—c.r. 1989. 
. Has. Galle, near the sea. ; 
6. I. tridentata, Roth, (Choisy, 1. c. p. 353, cum syn.)—c.P: 1929. 
Var. 8. I. filicaulis, Blume, (Choisy, 1. c. cum syn.)—c.r. 1930. 
oy Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
awaree-maddoo,.” 
The two varieties of this plant pass imperceptibly into one another, so that it is 
olten impossible to ditermine to which of the two some specimens should be referred. 
ep 4. . campanulata, Linn. (Choisy, l.c. p. 359, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 1375.)—c.p, 2847. 
oe Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. 
gy, Beneral appearance thi ies closely resembles the more common Rivea 
% tiliefolia, but the enced se Sadie the leaves less deeply cordate, and the 
fruit very different, | 
oe jucunda, Thw.; foliis rotundato-cordatis, longiuscule acumi- 
_ hatis, superne glabris, subtus tomentellis glanduloso-punctulatisque ; 
“ peduncudis unifloris, petiolo subequilongis ; sepalis oblongis, subacutis, 


212 ENUMERATION OF [ Convoloulacea. 


externe plus minus pilosis ; seminibus pilis sericeis longis olivaceis om- 
nino dense tectis.—c.P. 3448. : 

Has. Dolosbage District; rare. 

Tngens, alte scandens. Capsula ovoidea, $ poll. longa, s¢y/i base apiculata, sepalis 
pollicaribus parum reflexis suffulta. Corollam nondum vidi. 

9. I. Turpethum, R. Br. (Choisy, 1. ¢. p. 360, cum syn.)—J. anceps, 
R. et Sch.; Choisy, 1. c.—c.p. 3649. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “Trasta-waaloo.” 

The roots of this plant are employed by the Cinghalese as a cathartic, 

10. I. Pes-Tigridis, Linn. (Choisy, 1. c. p. 363, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 836.)—c.P. 1942. 

Var. 8. I. hepaticifolia, Linn. ; Choisy, 1.c. cum syn. 

Has. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. Var. B. 
Colombo, Mr. W. Ferguson. Nom. vulg. ‘ Diwi-addeeya.” 

oo Choisy, 1. c. p. 364, cum syn. ; Wight, Ie. t. 1364.— 

C.P. : 
__ Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. 

12. I. pileata, Roxb. (Choisy, l.c. p. 365, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
1363.)—c.P. 3501, ity . “ = 

Has. Peradenia; not common. 

13. I. sessilifiora, Roth, (Choisy, l.c. p. 366, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 169.)—c.p. 3107. oe OR 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

14, I. obscura, Bot. Reg. (Choisy, 1. c. p. 370, cum syn.)—o.P. 1935. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 300 feet. sk 

cg a pra Konig, (Choisy, 1. c. eum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 838.)— 
C.P. ; 

Var. 8. sagittata.—c.P. 2859, 

8. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

16. I. cymosa, R. et Sch. (Choisy, l.c. p. 371, cum syn.)—c.P. 1931. 

Has. Common throughout the island. Nenk vulg. ‘ Maddoo.” 

17. I. chryseides, Bot. Reg. (Choisy, l.c. p. 382, cum syn.; Wight, 
Tact 167,)—0n Ion ee : 

Has. Warmer parts of the island; not common. 

18. I. Coptica, Roth, (Choisy, l.c. p. 384, cum syn.) —c.P. 1928. 

Han. North of the island, Gardnen, ax 


19. I. palmata, Forsk. (Choisy, L.c. p- 386, cum'syn.)—J. pulchella, 
Roth; Choisy, l.c. ; Wight, Ic. t. 156.)—c.r. 3387. 43 
Has. Ambagamowa District. 


7. ANISEIA, Choisy. 
1. A. uniffora, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p- 431, cum syn.; Wight, 


Ie. t. 850.—c.p. 
- Warmer parts of the island. 


8. SHUTEREIA, Choisy. 


L. 8. bicolor, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 435, syn.; Wight, lc. 
t. 835.—c.p. 1970. . . no : 


eee, oe 


of 8000 feet, Nom. vulg. “ Atta-meeriya.” 


- Boraginacee.} CEYLON PLANTS. 213 


Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


9. BREWERIA, R. Br. 


1. B. Roxburghii, Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 438, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Ie. t. 1870.—c.p. 2853. 
Has. South of the island ; not uncommon. 


10. CRESSA, Linn. 


ere Cretica, Linn. (8 Indica; Choisy, in DC. Prod. ix. p. 440.)— 
0.P. 1925. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


11. EVOLVULUS, Linn. 


1. E. alsinoides, Linn. (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. p. 447, eum syn.)— 
c.P. 1926. 
Has. Common throughout the island, in hot, dry places. Nom. vulg. 
“ Visnoo-Kraanta.” 
TRIBE CUSCUTER. 
12. CUSCUTA, Tourn. 


F.C. reflexa, Roxb. (Choisy in DC. Prod. ix. p-. 454, cum syn.; 
Hook. Ex. FI. t. 150.)—o.P. 1922. : 

Has. Upon stems of, apparently, Wendlandia Notoniana, Newera 
Ellia, Gardner. ; 


2... Chinensis, Lam. (Choisy, Lc. p. 457, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 1373.)—o.p. 611. / 
Has. Colombo, on stems of Achyranthes aspera. 


CXII. ERYCIBEZ. 


1. ERYCIBE, Roxb. 


Ee paniculata, Roxb. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 464, cum syn.)—c.P. 1881. 
Has. Common in the wit parts of the island, up to an elevation 


CXIII. BORAGINACEA. 
TRIBE CORDIEZ. 


1. CORDIA, Plum. 
Sectio Myra, Endl. 


1. ©. Myxa, Linn, (DC. Prod. ix. p. 479, cum syn.; Wight, lust. ii. 
t. 169.)—c.p, 3650. 


214 ENUMERATION OF [ Boraginacea. 


Var. B minor ; foliis fructibusque minoribus.—c.P. 1880. An species 
istincta P . 


Has. Var. a. Central Province, ete. Var. 8. Hot, drier parts of 
the island. Nom. vulg. “ Loloo.” 

Var. 8 bears a very great general resemblance to var. a, but a more careful exami- 
nation of fresh specimens may possibly prove it to be distinct. With the materials 
T have at present, I can discover no essential difference between the two plants. 


2. G. oblongifolia, Thw. ; foliis glabris, oblongis, brevi-acuminatis, 
minutissime reticulato-venulosis, basi subacutis, longiuscule petiolatis ; 
paniculis terminalibus, parce pilosis; calyce cylindrico, 3-5-dentato, 
interne villoso; corolla 5-7-loba; lobis ob ongis, reflexis; twbho calyce 

uilongo; fructibus majusculis, rotundatis, acuminatis.—c.P. 2696. 
ea. Central Province, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Subscandens. Ramuli teretes, glabri. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, 1-23 poll. lata, 
petiolo pollicari, e basi tumida, subhamata oriente et cum eadem articulato. Calya 
4 lin. longus. Sty/us profunde bis bifidus. Fructus subpollicaris, calyce auéto sub- 
integro suffultus. 

3. C. diversa, Thw. ; foliis ovatis, parum acuminatis, basi rotundatis, 
trinerviis, superne scaberrimis, subtus fusco-tomentosis ; paniculis ter- 
minalibus, paucifloris, tomentosis ; ecalyce obconico.—c.P. 1954. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

Ramuli juniores tomentosi. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 1-23 poll. lata, petiolo }-1 
poll. longo. Calyzx 3 lin. longus, 3—4-dentatus, externe preecipue versus apicem to- 

-mentosus, interne glaber. Corolla glabra, calyce parum longior, 5-loba. Stylus 
profunde bis bifidus. Fructus rotundatus, semippllicaris, calyce aucto scabro irre- 
‘gulariter dentato suffultus, é 


TRIBE ZHRETIER. 
2. EHRETIA, Linn. 
1. E. levis, Roxb. (DC. Prod. ix. p. 505, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 
1382.)—c.p. 1879. ¢ 
Has. Common in the drier parts of the island. 
2. E. buxifolia, Roxb. (DC. Prod. p- 509, cum syn.)—c.P. 1885. 


Hap. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Heen-tambala.” 


. 


3. RHABDIA, Martius. 


1. R. viminea.—Ehretia? viminea, Wall.; DC. Prod. ix. p. 509. 
E. (xeroderma) cuneata, Wight, Ic. t. 1385.—c.r. 3491. 

Has. Ambagamowa District ; not common. 

Flores roseo-purpurei. Stigma bilobum, 


4. TOURNEFORTIA, Linn. 


1, T. argentea, Linn. f. (DC. Prod. ix. p- 514, cum syn.)—c.P. 1882. 
Has. South of the island, close to the sea. ; 


Sectio Zetrandra, DC. 
2. 'T. Wallichii, DC. 1.c. p. 527, cum syn.—c.p. 2697. 


1 


Boraginacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. : 215 


Has. Southern and Central Provinces, up toan elevation of 2000 feet. 

Corolla pallide flavo-viridis. Fructus carnosus, ovatus, glaber, circiter 2 lin. 
longus, albido-rufescens. 

The sessile, tetramerous flowers distinguish this from the 7. reticosa, Wight, which 
in general appearance it very much resembles. 


TRIBE HELIOTROPIRE. 
\ 5. HELIOTROPIUM, Tourn. 


1. Ei. supinum, Linn.—8 Malabaricwm, Benth.; DC. Prod. ix. p- 
533; Wight, Ic. t. 1387.—c.P. 2854, 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 
_ _ 2. Hi. marifolium, Retz, (DC. l.c. p- 547; Wight, Ic. t. 1390.)—An 

HT. scabrum, et H. Rottleri, Wight, Ic. tt. 1389, 1392 P—c.p. 1889, 1891. 

Has. Common on the borders of paddy-fields, in the hotter parts of 
the island. ‘ 

A very variable plant, and I suspect that Dr. Wight’s three figures, quoted above, 
Tepresent three forms only of it. 

3. Hi. linifolium, Lehm. (DC. l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1391.)— 
c.P. 1886. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


T have not met with any plant in the island corresponding with the figure of H. 
Zeylanicum, Burm. Fl. Ind. t. 16. f, 2. 


6. HELIOPHYTUM, DC. 
Sectio Ziaridium. 
1. Hy. Indicum, DC, Prod. ix. p- 556, cum syn.—TZiaridium Indicum, 


Lehm.; Wight, Ilust. ii. t. 171.—o.p. 1893. 
men 8. foliis minoribus; corolla tubo longiore quam in var. a.—c.P. 


Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Var. 8. Bintenne, 
Gardner. 


7. COLDENTA, Linn. 


1. C. procumbens, Linn. (DC. Prdd. ix. p. 558, cum syn.)—c.P. 1890, 
8B. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


TRIBE BORAGEZ. 


8. CYNOGLOSSUM, Tourn. 


1c, micranthum, Desf. (DO. Prod. x. p- 149, cum syn.) —C. ovatum, 
Moon’s Cat.—o.p. 143, ae 
« ptAB. Common in waste places throughout the island. Nom. vulg. 
‘Boo-kattoo-handa,” 
2. C. fureatum, Wall. (DC. l.c. cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1395.)—C. 
decurrens ?, Moon’s Cat. p. 19,—c.P. 1892. 
4B. Common in the most elevated parts of the island. 


— 216 ENUMERATION OF [ Solanaceae. 


Folia caulina semiamplexicaulia vel plus minus decurrentia. Corolla cyaneo- 
purpurea. . 

As remarked by Dr. Wight, the present plant is very closely allied to C. micranthum, 
and the two may possibly prove to be varieties only of one species, 


9. TRICHODESMA, R. Br. 


1, T. Indicum, R. Br. (DC. Prod. x. p. 172, cum syn.; Wight, 
Illust. ii. t. 172.)\—c.p. 1887. 
Has. Jaffna, Gardner ; Trincomale, Rev. 8. O. Glenie. 


2. 'T. Zeylanicum, R. Br. (DC. 1. c.)\—oc.p. 1888. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


CXIV. SOLANACEA. 


1. SOLANUM, Tourn. 


1. S. nigrum, Linn.—S. rubrum, Roxb. Wight, Ic. t. 344.—c.P. 2865. 
: Has. Common throughout the island. Nom. vulg. ‘ Kaloo-kang- 
waireya.” 

2. S. verbascifolium, Linn. (Duval in DC. Prod. xiii. p- 114, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1398.)—c.r. 1902. 

Has. Common in the Central Province. Nom. vulg. “ Hakkarilla.” 


3. S. auriculatum, Ait. (Dun. l.c. p. 115, cum s .)—c.P. 3525. 
Has. Common in cultivated ground, and also called “ Hakkarilla.” 


4, S. pubescens, Willd. (Wight, Ic. t. 1402.)—c.pr. 1901. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


5. S. membranaceum, Wall. (Dun. l.c. p- 143.)—c.P. 1900. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 fect. 


6. S. denticulatum, Blume, (Dun. l.c. p- 181; Wight, Ic. t. 1397.) 
—Var. mee 5-dentato.—c.p. 2864, : 

Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province, at an elevation of | 
4000 to 5000 feet. 

This so closely resembles, except in the fewer teeth of its calyx, Wight’s figure 
quoted above, that I cannot venture to describe it as a distinct species. It is very 
nearly allied, too, to S. membranaceum, but is much more hairy, and has larger 
flowers and fruit: they may possibly, however, be varieties of one species. 

7. S. ferox, Linn. (Dun. 1. c. p. 255, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1399.) 
—C.P. 2868. — 

— Common up to an elevation of 4000 fect. Nom. vulg. “ Malla- 
ttoo.” 


The ripe fruit is eaten by the Cinghalese. 

8. S. giganteum, Jacq. (Dun. l.c. p- 258, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
893.)—c.P. 1903. 

Has. Matturatte and Rambodde, in the Central Province, at an ele- 

vation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

9. < as Linn. (Dun. 1. c. p. 260, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 345.) 
—c.P. : 

- Common on waste ground in the Central Province. 


Scrophulariacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. : ae 


10. S. trilobatum, Linn. (Dun. 1. c. p. 287, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
854.)—c.p. 1906. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-tibbootoo.” 

11. S. xanthocarpum, Schrad. et Wendl. (Dun. l.c. p- 302, cum syn.) 
—S. diffuswm, Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 250.—c.p. 1907. 

Var. B. Jacquini.—S. FTacquini, Willd. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1401.—c.r. 1905. 

Haz. Common throughout the warmer parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. Var. a. “ Ella-battoo.” Var. B. ‘* Kattoo-wel-battoo.” 

The fruit of varr. a and @ is eaten by the Cinghalese. Every part of var. 8 is 
used medicinally. 

12. S. Indicum, Linn. (Nees; Dun. l.c. p- 309, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ie. t. 346.)—c.P. 1904. 

Has. Very abundant in waste places throughout the island. Nom. 
vulg. “ Tibbootoo.” 

The unripe fruit is eaten, after being boiled, by the Cinghalese. 

Solanum esculentum, Dun., and several species and varieties of Capsicum, are 
commonly cultivated as vegetables and condiments. 


2. PHYSALIS, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Mottoo.”) 

1, P. minima, Linn. — in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 445, cum syn.)— 
¥. — Lam. ; Dun. lc. p. 443. P. Hermanni, Dun. l.c. p. 444.— 
C.P. : 

Has. Common in waste and cultivated ground in the warmer parts 
of the island. ; 


2. P. angulata, Linn. (Dun. l.c. p. 449, cum syn.)—c.P. 1898. 
B. Frequent in similar situations with the last. 


3. WITHANTA, Duval. 


1. 'W. somnifera, Dun. in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 453, cum syn.; Wight, 

Te. ¢. 853.—o.P. 3651. 5 
Has. Common in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. “ Amookkara. 
The whole plant is used as a medicine by the Cinghalese. 


‘4 DATURA, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Attana.”) 
1. D. fastuosa, Linn. (Dun. in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 542, cum syn.; 
Wie Ic. t. 1396.)—o.r. 1897. ; 
- Very common in waste and cultivated ground, 
_The flowers of this variable species are frequently quite white. May not D. Metel, 
» be a variety only of the present plant ? 


- CXV. SCROPHULARIACEZ. 


1, CELSIA, Linn. 


1. c. 7; woe Vahl, (Bentham in DC. Prod. x. p. 246, 


eum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 406.)—c.P. 2021. 2PF 


218 _. ENUMERATION OF [Scrophulariaceae. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


2. LINDENBERGIA, Lehm. 


1. L. urticefolia, Lehm. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 377, cum syn.) 
Has. Ceylon, Champion (Hb. Hook.). 


3. PTEROSTIGMA, Benth. 


1, P. villosum, Benth. 1. c. p. 8380, cum syn.—c.P. 2041 (723, 2054). 
Has. South of the island, common. 

2. P. capitatum, Benth. |. c. cum syn.—c.P. 2880. i 
Has. South of the island. Nom. vulg. ‘‘Gona Kola.’ 

The Cinghalese frequently chew the leaves of this plant with their betel. 


4. LIMNOPHILA, R. Br. 


1. L. serrata, Gaud. (Benth. l.c. p. 387, cum syn.)—L. conferta, 
Benth. 1.c. cum syn. LZ. micrantha, Benth. l.c. cum syn.—c.P. 

Has. Very abundant in paddy-fields and wet places. 

2. L. hirsuta, Benth. 1. c. p. 388, cumsyn.—An L. villosa, Bl., Benth. 
le.? An L. diffuse, G. Don, Benth. 1. e. var. P—c.P. 2040. 

Has. Common in similar situations with the last. 

3. L. punctata, Bl. (Benth. 1. c. p. 388, cum syn.)—L. erecta, Benth. 
1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 2035, 535. 

Has. Very common in wet places. 

4. li. gratioloides, R. Br. (Benth. 1. c.’ p. 389, cum syn.)—L. Ros- 
burghii, G. Don; Benth. 1. e. p. 388.—c.P. 2038. 

4B, Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

5. lu. sessilifiora, Bl. (Benth. 1. ¢.)—L. heterophylla, Benth. 1. . p- 
390, cum syn.—c.P. 2037, 2389 (2039). 

Has. Very abundant. 

6. I. racemosa, Benth. l.c. p. 390, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 861.— 
c.P. 2036, 2996. 

Has. Abundant in the warmer parts of the island. 


5. HERPESTIS, Gertn. f. 


1. H. floribunda, R. Br. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 400, eum syn.)— 
c.P. 2881. 
Has. Cultura, Moon. 
2. H. Monnieria, H.B.K. (Benth. 1. c. cum syn.)—c.P. 2081. Pi 
Has. Very abundant in wet places. Nom. vulg. “ Loonoo Weela. 
Used as a medicine for children. 


6. DOPATRIUM, Ham. 


1. D. nudicaule, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 407, cum syn.—c.P, 2046. 
Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


Scrophulariacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 219 


2. D. lobelioides, Benth. 1. c. cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 859.—c.P. 2042 
(2043). 

Haz. Common in the hotter parts of the island, in wet places. 

3. D. junceum, Ham. (Benth. 1. c.)—c.P. 2044. 

Has. Very abundant. 

This plant, notwithstanding the great difference in the size of the flowers, is per- ' 
haps scarcely specifically distinct from the preceding. 


7. ARTANEMA, Don. 


1. A. sesamoides, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 408, cum syn.; Wight 
Te. t. 1410.—c.r. 2024, 
Has. Very common, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


8. TORENTA, Linn. 
1. T. Asiatica, Linn. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 410, cum syn.)—Z. 
hirsuta, Ham.; Benth. 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 862.—c.r. 2032. 
Has. Very abundant. 
A very variable species, and I suspect that the following is but a form of it. 


2. T. rubens, Benth. 1. c.—o.p. 2033. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


9. VANDELLIA, Linn. 


1. V. crustacea, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 413, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ie. t. 863.—c.P. 2048 (2052). 

Has. Very abundant in paddy-fields and other wet places. 

2. V. multiflora, G. Don, (Benth. 1. c. cum syn.)—V. hirsuta, Ham. ; 
Benth. 1. c. cum syn.—c.p. 3309. 

Has. Near Kornegalle. 

3. V.scabra, Benth. 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 2885. 

ery common in moist ground. 

4. V. pedunculata, Benth. 1. ¢. cum syn.—c.P. 652.* 

Has. Abundant in paddy-fields, ete. 

5. V. angustifolia, Benth. 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 2884. 

Has. Cultura, Moon. 


10. ILYSANTHES, Rafin. 


Ld: hyssopioides, Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 419, cum cD hele Wight, 
Te. t. 857.—L. parviflora, Benth. l.c. cum syn. J. rotundifolia, Benth. 
lc. p. 420, cum syn.—c.P. 2047, 3111. 

B. Common in paddy-fields. . ; 

The plants I have ventured to unite under this species merge so completely into 
one another, that I cannot separate them. 


ll. BONNAYA, Link and Otto. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Weela.”’) 
1. B. veroniceefolia, Spr. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 421, cum syn.) 


* c.r, 652 in Herb. Hook. is I/ysanthes hyssopioides, Benth.—Ep. 


220 ENUMERATION OF [Scrophulariacea. 


—B. grandiflora, Spr.; Benth. 1.c. cum syn. B. verbenefolia, Spr. ; 
Benth. 1. ec. eum syn.—c.P. 3084, 2050, 2051. 
Has. Abundant in paddy-fields, ete. 


An extremely variable plant; and further investigation will probably determine 


the following as well as the other described species of this genus to be forms only of 
one. 


2. B. tenuifolia, Spr. (Benth. 1. c. p. 422.)—c.p. 2883. 
Has. Central Province, Macrae. 


12. MICROCARPZ#A, R. Br. 


1. M. muscosa, R. Br. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p. 433, cum syn.)— 
c.P. 2728. 


Has. Not uncommon in moist ground. 


13. BUCHNERA, Linn. 


1. B. hispida, Ham. (Benth. |. c. p. 496, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 
1413.) 


Has. Ceylon, Walker (Hb. Hook.). 


14. STRIGA, Linn. 


1. S. hirsuta, Benth. in DC. Pr. x. p. 502, cum syn.—c.P. 2028, 2886. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. : 

This species has larger flowers when growing on the hills, than when it occurs in 
the low country. 

2. 8. euphrasioides, Benth. 1. c. p. 503, cum syn.— Buchnera euphra- 
sioides, Wight, Ic. t. 855.—c.p. 2887. ee 

Var. 8; minus hirsuta, caule elongato, foliis floralibus brevioribus, 
8 ae Sm denique fisso.—c.p, 2029 (2030, 2031). ; 

. Var. a, Bintenne, Gardner. Var, 8. Very common in swampy 

places in the hotter parts of the island. 

Flores albi. 


15. SOPUBIA, Ham. — 


1. S. delphinifolia, G. Don, (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p- 522, cum 
‘syn.)—c.P. 2022. 


Has. Common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
2. S. trifida, Ham. (Benth. 1. c. cum syn.)—o.P. 525. 


Has. Abundant at Newera Ellia and other of the more elevated parts 
of the Central Province. : f 


. 16. CENTRANTHERA, R. Br. : 
1. CG. Brunoniana, Wall. (Benth. in DC. Prod. x. p- 525.)-—C. pro- 
cumbens, Benth. 1. c.—o.p, 2026 (2027). 


Has. Common in grassy wet places, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Dootoo-satootoo.” 


2. ©. hispida, R. Br. (Benth. 1. . cum syn.)—c.P. 2025. 


Orobanchacea.] CEYLON PLANTS. 221 


Has. In similar situations with the preceding species, but not so 


common. 


3. C. humifusa, Wall. (Benth. 1. c. cum syn.)—o.P. 2888. 
Has. South of the island. 


e 


17. PEDICULARIS, Linn. 


a Zeylanica, Benth. in DC. x. p- 580; Wight, Ic. t. 1419.— 
c.P. 229, 

Has. Abundant at Newera Ellia, Horton Plains, and other of the 
more elevated parts of the Central Province. 


CXVI. OROBANCHACEA. 


1, HGINETIA, Linn. 


Calyx spathaceus vel tubulosus irregulariter fissusque. Anthere 
coherentes ; swperiores uniloculares ; inferiores biloculares, uno loculo 
sterili, oblongo, apiculato. 


1. #8. Indica, Roxb. (Reuter in DC. Prod. xi. p- 43, cum syn. ;_ 
Wight, Ic. t. 895.)—c.p. 1778. 
4B. Hantani, Macrae. 


2. ZE. acaulis, Walp. (Reut. 1.c. cum syn. ?) : : 

Var. a; calyce spathaceo, ramis placente parce irregulariter lobatis. 
—c.P. 3635. 

Var. B; ealyce breviore, tubuloso, 2-5-dentato, ramis placente non 
lobatis.—c.p. 2979. 

Has. Var. a, Below Hapootelle, amongst Andropogon Schenanthus. 
Var. 8. Rambodde District. 
. Corolla (var. 8) albida, limbo ad marginem pulcherrime violaceo-purpureo, labio 
inferiore interne ad faucem aurantiaco. | d : 

Varr. a and B are probably distinct species, but I have not sufficient materials 
as regards var, a to enable me to determine this point satisfactorily. Var. 8 forms, 


with Christisonig unicolor, a connecting link between the present and the next 
genus. 


2. CHRISTISONIA, Gardner. 


(Caleutta Journ. of Nat. Hist. viii, p. 153. Christisonia, Wight; et forsan 
Campbellia, Wight, et Oligopholis, Wight, Ic.) 


Calyx tubulosus, 5-dentatus. Stamina ec Aaastie Anthere cohe- 
Tentes, biloculares, singularum uno loculo sterili, subuleformi, porrecto. 


Caulis glaber, Squamosus, parce ramosus, 2-3-pollicaris ; ramis 1-3-floris. 
/an@ ovate, subacute, fuses, circiter 4 lin. longe. Pedice(li teretes, ebracteo- 
|, Pollicares, Ca/yr 5-angularis, 9 lin. longus, dentibus lanceolatis, wqualibus, 
A tin, longis. Corodia circiter 3 poll. longa; Z@médo roseo, 2 poll. in exp.; Zodis cre- 
nalis, inferiore ad faucem croceo. Stamina incluss.— 4 descript. cl. Gardner excerpt. 


222 ENUMERATION OF [ Podostemacee. 


This is, I suspect, a form only of the following species, the only real difference 
appearing to be in the size and colour of the flowers ; for the character derived from 
the position of the sterile loculus of the anthers is a fallacious one, this being, in all 
the species of the genus I have examined in a fresh state, porrected and nearly hori- 
zontal. 


2. C. tricolor, Gardn. l.c. p. 156.—c.P. 2889. : 

Hus. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet ; parasitic 
on roots of Acanthacee, Gardner. 

Caulis glaber, squamosus, parce ramosus, 1-8-pollicaris ; ramis 1-2-floris. Pedi- 
celli teretes, ebracteolati, rufescentes, pollicares. Calyx 5-angularis, rufescens, 8 lin. 
longus ; dentibus equalibus, lanceolatis, acutis, 3 lin, longis. Corolla circiter 24 poll. 
longa; ¢udo infundibuliformi, fauce lutea; /émbo 1-1} poll. in exp. ; /obis 2 superio- 
ribus denticulatis, sanguineis, 3 inferioribus subcrenatis, pallide roseis. Stamina 
- inclusa.— Gardner. 


3. C. bicolor, Gardn. 1. c. p. 160.—c.p. 3108. 

Var. B. pallidiflora.—C. pallida, Gardn. 1. c. p. 159.—c.P. 1781. 

Has. In similar situations with the last, Lear, Gardner. 

Caulis simplex, 3-6 poll. longus, verrucoso-hispidus, apicem versus rufescens, sub- 
levis squamosusque. Sguame@ ovate, acute, circiter 4 lin. longee, pilosule. Flores 
racemosi, seepissime 5-6. Pedicelli 1-8 lin. longi, bibracteolati. Calyx tubulosus, 
pilosulus, rufescens, circiter 8 lin. longus; dentibus eequalibus, acutis, circiter 1 lin. 
longis. Corolla infundibuliformis, sesquipollicaris, pallide roseo, plus minus flaves- 
cens, vel omnino flava; Zimbo 1-14 poll. in exp., lobis undulatis. Stamina inclusa ; 
filamentis glanduloso-pilosis.—A descrip. cl. Gardn. precipue excerpt. 


4. ©. unicolor, Gardn. |. ¢. p. 161.—An Campbellia cytinoides, 

Wight, Ic. t. 1425, cum syn. P—c.P. 2971, P 1780. 
4B. Hunasgiria Range, Lear. Rambodde, at an elevation of 3000 
to 4000 feet. 

Tota planta flava. Caudis simplex, glaber, angularis, squamosus, 1-8-pollicaris, 
ad basin verrucoso-hispidus. Sguam@ subrotunde, 3-6 lin. longe. Flores race- 
mosi, sepissime 5-6. Pedicelli 2-8 lin. longi, ebracteolati. Calyx pollicaris, angu- 
laris, irregulariter acute 5-dentatus. Corolla infundibuliformis, 14-2 poll. longa 5 
lobis sly Oe parum reflexis. Stamina exserta; filamentis glabris ; antherarum su- 
periorum loculo sterili parvo. Placente majuscule. 


CXVII. PODOSTEMACEA. 


1, DICRAA, Pet. Th. 


1, D. elongata, Tulasne in Ann. des Sci. Nat. (sér. 3), vol. ii. p- 102. 
Walp. Ann. iii. p. 437 ; Wight, Ic. t. 1917-1.— Podostemon elongatus, « 
Gardner in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 188.—o.P. 2259. 

- Has. Rocks in the bed of the Mahawelle Ganga, near Kandy, 
Gardner. FI. January to March. 


2. PODOSTEMON, Mich. 


1. P. subulatum, Gardn. l.c. p.184; Wight, Ic. t. 1918-1; Tulasne, 
lL ep. 103.—P. dendoides, Thw. M8. in Hb. Hook.—c.r. 3088, 66. 
3 rk Rocks in the Mahawelle Ganga. Fl. January to March, 
(rar i f 


‘ 


Acanthacea@.} CEYLON PLANTS. 223 


2. P. Gardneri, Harvey, MS.; caule simplici, terete, glabro, foliis 
plurimis capillaceis coronato.—c.P. 2989. 

Has. On the membranaceous rhizomes of Hydrobrywm olivaceum, 
Tul. Ina rapid mountain stream at Rambodde, Oct. 1853, Dr. W. H. 
Harvey. 

Caulis 4-1-pollicaris, Folia 13-2 poll. longa, delicatula, nigro-viridia, enervosa. 
Inflorescentia ignota. 

Until its inflorescence has been discovered,’some doubt must remain to which 
genus of the present family this plant is to be referred, and my attempts to trace its 
further development from the state described above, have been hitherto unsuccessful. 
Can it possibly be an early stage of growth of Hydrobryum olivaceum ? 


38. HYDROBRYUM, Endl. 


1. H. olivaceum, Tul. 1. c. p. 104; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 489.—Podoste- 
mon olivaceum, Gardn. |. c. p. 181.—c.P. 3065. 
_ Has. Onrocks in the Mahawelle Ganga, and large mountain streams 
in the Central Province, Gardner. 1. January to March. 


4. DALZELLIA, Wight, Ic. vol. v. par. ii. p. 34. 
(Zawia, Tulasne. Mnianthus, Walp.) 


1. D. Ceylanica, Wight, Ic. t. 1919-1.—Lawia Zeylanica, Tul. 1. c. 
Pp. 112. Mnianthus Zeylanicus, Walp. l.c. p. 443. Tristicha Ceylanica, 
Gardn. 1. c. p. 177.—c.P. 3089. 

, Has. On rocks in the Mahawelle Ganga, near Kandy, Gardner. 


CXVIII. ACANTHACEA.* 


__ (The Indian Acanthacea being in process of examination and re-arrangement at 
Kew, by Dr. Thomas Anderson, F.L.S., of the Bengal Medical Service, who is pre- 
paring a new classification of the Order for the Linnean Society of London, Mr. 
Thwaites has, at my suggestion, gladly availed himself of the opportunity of placing 

enumeration of the Ceylon species (which was arranged according to Nees’s me- 
thod) in Dr. Anderson’s hands. The latter gentleman has kindly devoted some weeks 
to the study of every species and its synonyms, and has classified the whole in accord- 
ance with his forthcoming ‘Systema Novum Acanthacearum.’ I have added the 
initials G. Thw. and T. A. to various paragraphs where doubts may arise as to the 
exact authority for the observations they contain.” —J. D. H.] 


_ SUBORD. 1. 7HUNBERGIDEX.—Astivatio corolla contorta. Semina 
cupuld suffulta. Plante scandentes. | 


TRIB. THUNBERGIEZ. 


1. THUNBERGIA, Linn. fil. 
1. T. coceinea, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep.—Hewacentris, N.ab E.in Wall. 
Pl. As. Rar. ; DC. Prod. xi. p. 61, cum. syn. 


Macrae’s specimens, referred to by Nees von Hsenbeck, were collected in the Bo- 
tanic Garden from a cultivated plant, as I am informed by Mr. Alwis, the draughtsman 


tt 


* The native name Ne//oo is applied to the species of this Natural Family gene- 
rally.— @. Thu. 


224 ENUMERATION OF [ Acanthacea. 


of this establishment. Mr. Alwisis under the impression that he once saw the plant 
growing wild in a forest between Oova and Balangodde. I have however only seen 
it in a cultivated state, and suspect it is not truly indigenous.—G. Thw. 

2. T. Hawtaynii, Wall. Tent.— Meyenia Hawtayniana, N. ab E. in 
Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ; DC. Prod. xi. p. 60, cum. syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1487. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 

Mr. Thwaites has never met with this species in the island. 

3. T. fragrans, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 33; DC. 1.c. p.57, cum. syn.— 
c.p. 2020, 

Has. Abundant up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Flores non fragrantes. Corolla alba, tubo interne pallide viridi—T. A. 


SUBORD. 2. RUFLLIDEZ—Zstivatio corolla contorta. Semina papilld v. 
rett lo uncinato suffulta. Plante non scandentes. 


TRIB, NELSONIEZ. 
2. ELYTRARIA, Vahl. 


1. B. crenata, Vahl, (N. ab E.in DC. Prod. xi. p. 63, cum syn.)—E. 
marginata, Pal. de Beauv. . virgata, N. ab E.; DC. 1. c.—c.r. 240. 
. Very common. 


3. NELSONTIA, R. Br. 


1. N. tomentosa, Willd. (N. ab E. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 65, cum syn.) 
Has. Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 
Mr. Thwaites has never met with this plant. 


4, EBERMAIERA, N. ab E. 


1, E. glauca, N. ab E. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 73, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 1488.—c.P. 2717, 3575. HepB 

Has. Banks ofa stream near Batticaloa and Ambagamowa District, 
not uncommon. 

Under F. glauca I inelude B. Zeylanica, polybotrya, humilis, and thyrsoidea of 
Nees von Esenbeck, as well as Z. spathulata, Hassk.—T. A. 


5. ADENOSMA, N. ab E. 
Sect. 1.—Staminibus quatuor. 


; 1. A. balsamea, Spr. (DC. Prod. xi. p. 68; Wight, Ic. 446.)—c.P. 
996. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

2. A. verticillata, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DO. 1. c. p. 69; 
Wight, Ic. 1524.—o.r. 1995. 

4B. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 
3. A. uliginosa, R. Br. (DC. 1. c.) 
Has. In rice-fields, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 


Sect. 2.—Staminibus duobus. 
4. A. Thwaitesii, T. Anders. ; caule erecto, racemoso ; folsis obovatis, 


Acanthacea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 225 


subpetiolatis, superne tomentosis, subtus glaucis ; floribus solitariis, in 
cymis laxis; bracteis parvis; calyce capsula dimidio breviore ; corolla 
minuta, labio inferiore rugis inconspicuis ; staminibus duobus (7. A.).— 
c.P. 1994, 

Has. Abundant in the Batticaloa District, at no great elevation. 


TRIB. RUELLIEM. 
Suptris. 1. HYGROPHILEA. 


6. HYGROPHILA, R. Br. 


1, H. quadrivalvis, N. ab E.in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. p. 89. (DC. Prod. 

xi. p. 89, cum syn.)—c.P. 2993. 
ar. salicifolia, T. Anders.—H. salicifolia, N. ab E. 1. ¢. p. 92. 

(Wight, Ic. ¢. 1490.)—o.P. 591, 3109. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 
_ 2. H. spinosa, T. Anders.—Asteracantha longifolia, N. ab BE. in 
DC. 1.c, p. 247, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 449.—c.p. 2900. 

Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 

Asteracantha is, in every respect, a true Hygrophila—T. A. 


Susrris, 2. LU-RUELLIEA. 
7. CALOPHANES, Don. 


1. G. depressa, T, Anders.—Dyschoriste, N. ab E. in DC. Prod. xi. 
p- 106, cum syn.—c.p. 3537. ; 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

2. C. littoralis, T. Anders.—Dyschoriste, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. cum 
8yn.; Wight, Ic. t. 447.—c.p. 1997. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. : 


8. RUELLIA, Linn. 


1 & prostrata, Poir.— Dipteracanthus prostratus, N. ab E. in DC. 
oot i p. 124, cum syn. D. aajielas, N. ab B. in DC. Lc. p. 125.— 
.P. : 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
2. R. patula, Jacq.—Dipteracanthus patulus, N. ab E. in DO. 1.c. 
P: 126, cum syn.; Wight, Icon. t. 1505.—c.P. 3628, 
- Trincomalee, Rev. S. O. Glenie. 


9. ATHEILEMA, R. Br. 
1, &. reniforme, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DC. Prod. xi. p. 
261, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1533.—c.P. 398. 
48. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
Susrais. 3. STROBILANTHE. 
10. STENOSIPHONIUM, N. ab E. 


1. 8. Zeylanicum, T. Anders.; scabrum, erectum ; foliis a 
. & a 


226 ENUMERATION OF [ Acanthacea. 


serratis ; floribus confertis ; bracteis ovatis, acutis, marginibus hispide 
ciliatis ; corolla pallide cyanea, glabra; staminibus quatuor, didynamis, 
longe exsertis (7. A.).—c.P. 3577. 

Var. 8 ; foliis marginibus integris.—c.P. 3661. : 

Has. Bintenne and Batticaloa Districts, at no great elevation. Var.a. 
Central Province. : 

2. S. Russellianum, N.ab E.in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ; DC. Prod. xi. p. 
105; Wight, Ic. t. 873, 1502.—S. suhsericewm, N. ab E.—c.P. 2001. 

Haz. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. Varies greatly 
in the amount of pubescence. 


ll. STROBILANTHES, Blume. 


Sect. 1. Enporogon.—Floribus spicatis. 
+ Staminibus duobus. 


1. Ss. gui , T. Anders —Endopogon consanguineus. E. 
amomum, N.ab E.in DC. Prod. p. 104. E. viscosum, Wight, Ic. t. 1498. 
Stenosiphonium diandrum, N. ab E.—c.r. 2002, partim. 

' Has. Maturatte District, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Valde ramosus, 5-6-pedalis. Corolla pallide cyanea. 
_ Very variable in the amount of pubescence.—7. A. 


2. S. hypoleucus, T. Anders.—Endopogon, N. ab-E. in DC. Le— 


c.P. 2897. 

Has. Central Province, Gardner. 

3. S. nigrescens, T. Anders. ; cauli erecto, tetragono ; foliis glabris, 
ovatis, lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, petiolatis, venis plerumque migres- 
eonbibns 5, spicis hispidis, foliis longioribus ; bracteis lanceolatis (TZ. A.)- 
—Cc.P, 3353. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Suffrutex luridus, 4—5-pedalis, ad nodos rufescens. Corol/a pallide pupurea. An- 
therarum loculi parum dislocati, in anthesin horizontales.—7. 4. : 

4. 8. viscosus, ie padiens Nedevores VISCOSUS, argutus, et digi- 
talis, N. ab E.in DC.1. c. E. versicolor, Wight, Ic. t. 1497.—C.P- 2002, 
partim, et 2898. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

Corolla albida.—G. Thw. : 

A very variable species as regards the amount of the glandular pubescence, and in 
the size of the several parts of the inflorescence.—7. A. 


5. S. rhamnifolius, T. Anders.—Buterea rhamnifolia, N. ab B. in 
D. 0. 1Le. p. 725. Endopogon rhamnifolius, Wight, Ic. t. 1521.—0-P- 


Has. Hantani District, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
Corolla pallide purpurea.— G.Thw. 


tt Staminibus quatuor. 


6. S. Gardnerianus, T. Anders.—Endopogon, N. ab E. in DC. l.c. 


p- 723.—c.P. 2006. 
Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
1-2-pedalis. Corolla purpurea,—G. Thw. 


4 
; 


Ae Si ae 


‘ 
Acanthacee. | _ CEYLON PLANTS. 227 


7. S. seaber, T. Anders.—Ruellia aspera, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p. 
oe aes syn. Strobilanthes scaber, var. 8B, Wall. Pl. As. Rar., fid. Nv : 
. : 


Has. Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 


Sect. 2. Ev-SrroprnantHEs.—Floribus in strobilis confertis. 


8. S. Zeylanicus, T. Anders.; caule fruticoso, erecto, quadrangu- 
lari, sulcato; foliis acutis, subtus scabris, marginibus serratis asperis ; 
strobilis axillaribus, pedunculatis ; bracteis fimbriatis, truncatis, reflexis 
vel acutis ; corolla extus tomentosa (7. .A.).—c.P. 3352.—Strobilanthes 
eallosus, N. ab E., partim. 

Has. Ambagamowa District and Kokool Corle, at an elevation of 
2000 feet. 

3-5-pedalis. Caulis subglaber. Folia setulis stellatis scabra, elliptica vel ovata, 
8-10 unc, longa, 1-4 une. lata. Bractea trapezoidea vel acuta, foliacea, margine 
setulosa. Corolla albida, extus tomentosa.—TZ. 4. 

ALA S. Walkeri, N. ab E. DC. 1. c. p. 181.—c.P. 2008, 2009, partim, et 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000-7000 feet. 

2-5-pedalis. Corolla albida, vel pallide purpurea. Anthere exserte.—T. A. 

It varies very much in the size of the flowers. , 
10. S. Thwaitesii, T. Anders.; caule fruticoso, tetragono, angulis 
scabris, setulis squamoso; foliis ovatis, ovato-lanceolatis, vel ellipticis, 
acuminatis, marginibus serratis, reflexis, supra asperis, subter hirsutis ; 
Sloribus in capitulis strobiloideis; pedunculis axillaribus, tetragonis ; 
bracteis lanceolatis, acuminatis, corrugatis, margine ciliatis ; staminibus 

inclusis (7. .4.).—c.P. 2009 partim, 3516. 

#Haz. Ambagamowa District. : 

Peduneuli foliis breviores, simplices vel ad apicem trifidi. Capitula circiter 3- 
flora, cernua. Bractea bullato-corrugate, ciliate, 7-10 lin. longe. Bracteola 
multo minores, lineares, acute, ciliate. Corolla pollicaris, albida, externe glabra, 
interne pilosa.—7’. A. . 

1l. S. deflexus, T. Anders. ; caule glabro ; foliis ellipticis, caudatis ; 
Pedunculis axillaribus, solitariis vel binis, deflexis; bracteis foliaceis, 
acutis, glabris, calyce fere ad medium quinque-partito, segmentis lan- 
ceolatis ; staminibus duobus (7. A.).—c.P. 1998. 

Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 4000 feet. : 

Viridis, 4-5-pedalis. Pedunculi versus apicem incrassati. Capitula 6-8 lin, 

0 Bractee 6-8 interiores cum calycibus involventes. Bracteole angustis- 
sime. Fores terminales, 2-3. Calyx pilosulus. Corolla pallide purpurea, 8 lin. 
longa —7. 4. 

12. S. Hookeri, N. ab E. DC. l.c. p. 185.—c.P. 1999. 

Has. Wailea) Province, at an Sevahiolt of 7000 feet. ae : 

5-6-pedalis, Corolla albida, lobis rotundatis, retusis, ad faucem lineis 3 purpureis 

ngitudinalibus notata. Stamina equilonga, anthere exserte.—TZ. A. 

13. 8. ealycinus, N. ab E. DO. Le. p. 186.—¢-P. 309.—S. coloratus, 


NabE. Lo. p- 186. 


Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 7000 feet. 

4-5-pedalis. Bractee glabree vel glanduloso-pilose. Corolla straminea vel plus 
minus olivacea, lobis brevibus, rotundatis, retusis. Stamina sequilonga, antheris 
“sertis—G, Thw. 


228 ENUMERATION OF { Acanthacee. 


Closely allied to S. Hookeri, but differing from it in having much shorter petioles, 


smaller hirsute leaves, longer and laxer heads of flowers, and oblong, more mem-— 


branaceous bracts, as well as in the character of the corolla— 7. 4. 


14. S. trifidus, N. ab E. DC. 1. c. p. 185.—S. rugosus, Wight, Ic. 
t. 1619, et 8. campanulatus, t. 1562.—c.P. 254, 2008.—S. asperrimus, 
lupulinus, Heyneanus, tener. (8. involucratus, Blume, fid. N. ab E.) 

B. Very abundant up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 


An extremely variable plant as regards amount of pubescence, size of the leaves, 
length of the heads of flowers, ete. In some specimens the bracts are nearly white, 
more or less tinged with red at the base and green at the tip of each, whilst in others 
they are of a uniform dull green colour, and harsher texture.—TZ. 4. 


15. S. laxus, T. Anders. ; caule tereti, glabro ; foliis petiolatis, ovatis, 
acuminatis, cordatis, grosse serratis, utrinque subscabris, subtus glan- 
dulosis ; s¢robilis axillaribus, multifloris, seepe ramosis, laxis, inferioribus 
plerumque ‘binis, superioribus solitariis; Sracteis rotundatis, ovatis, 
margine ciliatis; bracteolis lanceolatis, acutis, ciliatis, calyce brevioribus ; 
calycis segmentis lanceolatis, acutis, subequalibus, inferiore angustiore, 

_fere lineari; corolla extus glabra, ad medium quinque-partita, labio 
_ inferiore lineis duabus barbatis notato ; Zobis lanceolatis, acutis, reflexis ; 
staminibus quatuor exsertis, filamentis squilongis, linearibus, glabris 
(7. A.).—c.P. 2010. 6 
Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
A—6-pedalis.. Folia 1-2 une. longa, 1-2 une. lata. Petiolus 14 une. longus. 
Strobilt 4-3 unc. longi. Bractee semipollicares. Corolla 9 lin. longa, flavo-rutes- 
cens, basi nigro-purpurascens. . Stamina nigrescentia, polline flavo.—T. A. 


16. S. vestitus, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p- 180.—c.P. 3660. 
Has. Maturatte, at an elevation of 5000~7000 feet. 


17. S. Arnottianus, N. ab E. in DC. 1c. p. 179.—c.P. 2005. 
Has. Newera Ellia, Gardner. 


Closely allied to S. vestitus, but differing from it in the form of the leaves, and 
much smaller pilose flowers. Besides, the capsule and style of S. vestitus are 
quite glabrous, while they are hirsute and glandular in S. Arnottianus.—T. A. 


18. S. caudatus, T. Anders. ; caule subterete, subglabro ; folits lan- 


ceolatis, caudato-acuminatis, lineolatis, subtus ad nervos tomentosis ; 
peduneulis axillaribus, simplicibus vel trifidis ; eapitulis 3-6-floris, vil- 
osis; bracteis lanceolatis, tomentosis; calycis segmentis lineari-lan- 
ceolatis, equilongis; corolle lobis brevibus, rotundatis, retusis; sta- 
minibus inclusis ; antheris subunilocularibus (7. A.).—c.P. 364. 

Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. 


4—5-pedalis. Folia 3-7 unc. longa, 1-1} unc. lata. Bracte@ 4 lin. longe, ciliate. 
Corolla pollicaris, flavide-rubro tincta. ; 


19. S. adenophorus, N. ab E. in DC. lc. p. 182.—c.P. 162.—Gold- 
Sussia myrtinia, N. ab E. Myrtinia lanceolata, Macrae. Stenosipho- 
a Moonianum, Wight et Gardn.  Strobilanthes lanceolatus, N. 
a ‘ 

Has. Kokool Corle, and Saffragam District. cit 
Calyze semipollicaris, ultra medium tubulosus, segmentis lanceolatis, acutis, ciliatis. 
Coie pallide cyanea, 1} une. longa ; Zodis subacutis. Authere sagittata, exserte. 


- 


- Acanthacee.) — CEYLON PLANTS. _ 229 


Nees von Esenbeck. has placed this plant once in Go/dfussia and twice in Strobi- — 
lanthes, and both in Goldfussia and Strobilanthes has quoted the same number of 
Macrae, 373.—T. A. ike . F Of y as 

20. S. anceps, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p. 189.—c.pP. 2000. 

Var. punctatus (S. punctatus, N. ab E. in DC. 1. e. p. 182) ; folits sub- 
tus punctatis ; bractets utrinque punctatis, ciliatis— 7. A. 

Yas. Central Province, ie Sel District, at an elevation of 2000 to 
6000 feet. 

Var. punctatus, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 


Sect. 3.—Floribus in paniculis terminalibus caulinibusve. 


21. S. cerinthoides, N. ab E.in Herb. Hook.—o.v. 66, 2593, 2594.— 
@ oo N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p. 188. 8. sexennis, N. ab E. in DC. 
-¢, p. 187.- 

an a. hirsutissimus, T. Anders.—c.P. 3626 (S. hirsutissimus, N. ab 
E. in DC. 1. ¢.). 

Has. Very abundant at Newera Ellia, and other of the more ele- 
vated parts of the Central Province. 

An extremely variable plant as regards amount of pubescence, shape of the leaves, 
ah of the subpanicles of flowers, and relative size of the bracts and flowers.— 


22. S. helicoides, T. Anders.—Leptacanthus, N. ab E. im DC. Le. 
p- 170.—c.p. 1980. ; 

Has. Hantani and Ambagamowa Districts, up to an elevation of 
3000 feet. 
H 2-3-pedalis. Corolla purpurea; tubo parum inflato ; Zobis brevibus, rotundatis — 

« Tho. 

23. S. rubicundus, T, Anders.— Leptacanthus, N. ab E. in DC. 1.c. 
“0-2, S50. j 

Haz. Saffragam and Ambagamowa Districts. 

4-5-pedalis. Corolla violacea.—G. Thw. 


* 
_ 24, S. pulcherrimus, T. Anders.—Leptacanthus Walkeri, N. ab E. 
in DC. 1. c.; Wight, Ic. t. 1507.—c.P. 266 (301). 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000.to 7000 feet. 
4-5-pedalis. Panicu/e terminales caulineque, cum bracteis calycibusque plus mi- 
nus rufescentes. Corod/a violacea, parce curvata, /obis rotundatis retusis.—G@. Thw. 


12. DHDALACANTHUS, T. Anders. 
(Eranthemum, Wall. partim.) 


Calyx minutus, scariosus, 5-dentatus. Corolla h terimorpha ; 
tubo gracili, elongato ; limbus lobis in eestivatione valde contortis. Sta- 
mina quatuor, didynama, fauce inserta, sterilia brevissima. Anthere 
biloculares, mutics, loculis parallelis. Stigma subulatum, incurvum, 
dorso canaliculatum. Capsula oblonga, tetrasperma, retinaculis acutis, 

ssepimentis breviter adnatis. Semina subrotunda, compressa, levia, 
margine sericea pilis adpressis.—Suffrutices, bracteis pulcherrime va- 
regatis ; bracteolis paucis, scariosis.—T. A. 


1. D. montanus, (var. a,) T. Anders. E. montanwm, Roxb. Var. a, 


230 ENUMEBATION OF [ Acanthacee. 


N. ab E. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 448 ; Wight, Ic. t. 466.—c.p. 2003.—Spicis 
laxis ; bracteis distantibus, lanceolatis, longissime attenuatis. 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 
_ A variable plant in the length and breadth of bracts, as well as in the amount of 
pubescence on the spikes,—7" A. 


SUBORD. 8. ACANTHIDEL— Kstivatio corolla imbricata vel imbricato- 
bilabiata, Semina retinaculo uncinato suffulta. 


TRIB. BARLERIEZ. 
13. BARLERIA, Linn. 


1. B. bispinosa, Vahl, (DC. Prod. xi. p..241.)—c.v. 2013.—B. spina 
es ge N. ab E. l.c. p. 242. : ‘ 
- Hot, drier parts of the island. 


2. R. Arnottiana, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p. 232.—c.r. 682, 310, ambi 


partim. 

Has. Newera Ellia. 

Corolla pallide cyanea.—G. Thu. 

3. B. cristata, Linn. (N. ab E. in Prod. xi. p. 229, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ie. t. 453.)—B. dichotoma, et B. ciliata, Roxb. Fl. Ind. B: Nepalensis, 
N. ab E. 1. c. p. 228. 

; a Common in gardens, but never met with truly wild in the 

Repeated examinations of an-extensive set of specimens in the Hookerian Herba- 
rium have convinced me that B. cristata, dichotoma, ciliata, and Nepalensis, are 
forms of one variable species. The differences supposed to exist, in the leaves being 
stalked in B. dichotoma and sessile in B. cristata, are not at all constant. The in- 
florescence varies equally as much, the flowers being solitary in the axils of the leaves, 
or in short spikes of 4 or 5. The colour of the corolla varies from all shades of 
white to dark lilac or purple. Roxburgh describes and figures the corolla of his B. 
dichotoma as white.—T. A. 


4, B. nutans, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p- 227.—o.p. 2011, 2559. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 3000 feet. 

Corolla cyaneo-purpurea.—G@, Thw. 
pe Prionitis, Linn. (N. ab E. in DO. 1. c. p. 237; Wight, Ic. t. 

Han. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Kattoo Kurandoo.” 

This plant is employed as a medicine by the Cinghalese—G. Thw. 

6. B. pentandra, Arn. (N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. p. 232; Wight, Il. t. 
ipa 310, 682, partim, et 2558.—B. involucrata, N. ab E. in 

de Ce 

Has. Ambagamowa District. 

. Corolla cyaneo-purpurea.—G. Thi. 

B. vestita, T. Anders.; herbacea, hirsuta pilis patentibus ; foliis 
ovatis, ellipticis, utrinque attenuatis, petiolatis vel stibeesaiitbed 3s cymes 
axillaribus terminalibusque, sparsifloris, laxis; bracteis angustissime 
lanceolatis, acutis ; ealycis segmentis inequalibus, lanceolatis, strigosis, 
exterlorum superiore acuto, inferiore minute bifido, interioribus acutis, 


. Acanthacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 231 


brevioribus; corolla anguste infundibuliformi, 2 ee lobis tubo 
+ Sag (7. A.).—c.P. 2004.—B. pentandra, B, N. ab E. in DC. 1. ¢. 
BF 


Has. Central Province, and in the Saffragam District, up to an ele- 
vation of 5000 feet. 

6-8-pedalis, hispida. Folia integra, 6-12 unc. longa. Cyme longe pedunculate, 
foliis paulo breviores. Calyx fulvus, strigosus. Corolla pallide purpurea vel albida. 
—T. A. 

B. noctiflora and B. buxifolia, var. B. The recording of these two plants from 
Ceylon seems to be an error of Nees von Esenbeck, as no specimen from Ceylon oc- 
curs in any of the extensive collections I have consulted. For B. noctiflora no au- 
thority is quoted by Nees but “ Herb. Hook.,” and for B. buzifolia, var. B, “ Forsyth, 
in Herb. eod.,’’ and I am informed that this botanist made no collections in Ceylon. 
he af. 


14. CROSSANDBA, Salisb. 


1. C. infundibuliformis, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ; DC. Prod. xi. 
p. 280, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 460, et t. 461.—c.P. 255 (2015), 2016. 
—C. axillaris, C. oppositifolia, N. ab H.1.c. (T. A.) 3 
- Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


15. LEPIDAGATHIS, Willd. 


1. L. Ceylanica, N. ab E. Ill. Lepidag. (DC. Prod. xi. p. 259. L. ner- 
vosa, Wight, Ic. t. 1620.)—c.P. 1985. (7. A.) 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

2. Ik. fasciculata, N. ab E. Ill. Lepidag. (DC. Prod. xi. p. 260.)— 
o.P. 1983, j 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

; 3. Ib. Walkeriana, N. ab E. in DC.1.c.; Wight, Ic. t. 1530.—c.P. 85, 
986. * 

Has. Very common throughout the island. 

4, L. hyalina, var. a, lophostachyoides, N. ab E. Il. Lepidag- (DC. 
1. c. p. 252.)—o.P. vhs terminalibus, subsolitariis ; filamentis 
lineis purpureis transversim notatis (7. A.). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 


This variety may ultimately prove to be distinct from LZ. Ayalina. In the absence 
of a se hes, of ene ah to decide from, I do not feel justified in making a 


new species of it.—TZ. A. 


TRIB. ACANTHEZ. 
16. BLEPHARIS, Juss. 
ae B. molluginifolia, Juss. (DC. Prod. xi. p. 266, cum syn.)—c.P. 
6 


Haz. Batticaloa District. 
2. B. Boerhaavieefolia, Juss. (DC. 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 458.) 


—c.P. 2014. ; 
Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. 


vulg. ‘‘ Laawaadaana.” 
The Cinghalese use the leaves as a vulnerary.—G@. Tho. 


. 232 ENUMERATION OF ‘[ Acanthacee. 


17. ACANTHUS, Linn. 


1, A. ilicifolius, Blume, (DC. Prod. xi. p. 268, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 459.)—c.p. 2018.— Dilivaria tlicifolia, Juss. 

Var. a. integrifolius, T. Anders.—c.p. 2017. 

Has. Common near the sea. 


TRIB. ANDROGRAPHIDEZ. 
18. ANDROGRAPHIS, Wall. 


1. A. paniculata, N. ab E, in DC. Prod, p.515, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 518.)—o.p. 3664 (1981 partim). 
Has. South of the island, not uncommon. 
Pedunculi glabri.—Z A. : 
. 2. & alata, N. ab E. in DC. lc. p-. 516, cum syn.—c.p. 1977. 
Has. Common upon banks, in the hot, drier parts of the island. 
Folia \inearia, lanceolata, vel oblonga, basi gradatim angustata. Corolla albida. 
Anthere purpurer.—G. Thu, 
3. A. macrobotrys, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c.—c.p. 357 8, 1981 partim. 
Has. Near Kandy, not common, 
Peduneul patentim glanduloso-pilosi. Corolla pallide purpurea, interne labio 
~ — nigro-purpureo albo-marginato. Anthere purpuree, basi albo-barbate.— 
. Ww. * “ 
4. A. Ceylanica, N. ab E. in DO.1 c. p- 518; Wight, Ic. t. 1560. 
Has. Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 
5. to echioides, N. ab E. in DC. l.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t.467.— 
C.P. e By 2 
Has. Very common in the hotter parts of the island. 


. 


19. GYMNOSTACHYUM, N. ab E. 


1. G. sanguinolentum, T. Anders.—Oryptoph agmium sanguinolen- 

tum,-cam syn. et C. azillare, N. ab BE. in DE. Prod. xi. p. 96 ; Wight, Ic. 

t. 1496 (7. A.).—c.P. 186. 

» Has. Very common in forests, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
Planta tota plus minus purpurascens. © Corolla violacea;—G, Th. 


2019 G. Ceylanicum, W. Arn. et N. ab E.; DC. Prod. xi. p. 93.—0.P. 


Has. Shady places, in: the hét)-drier parts of the island; not un- 
common. : 

Folia superne secus costam venas primariasque albescentia. Corolla tubo pallide 
purpureo ; limbo flavo, externe viridescente. Anthere albidee.—G. Thw. 

3. G. Thwaitesii, T. Anders.; tomentosum, caule radicante ; Soliis 
ovatis, obtusis, basi inequalibus, petiolatis, hirsutis ; paniculis termina- — 
libus, elongatis, multifloris ; xamulis oppositis, cymiformibus, laxis ;,brac- 
teis sulcatis (7. A.).—c.p. 3356. . 

Has. Ambagamowa District. 

4. G. paniculatum, T. Anders. ; caule subquadrangulare, sulcato- 
tomentoso ; foliis ovatis, subacutis, basi in petiolo attenuatis, pilis ad- 


‘ 


Acanthacea.| — CEYLON PLANTS. . 233 


pressis hirsutis ; paniculis terminalibus, multifloris, ramulis multifloris ; 
Jloribus confertis ; calyce quinque-partito, segmentis brevibus lanceola- 
tis, glandulosis, tomentosis ;. corolla extus subtomentosa, limbo breve, 
5-fido, labio inferiore longiore paulo inflato (7. A.).—c.P. 2994, 

Var. levius ; foliis caulibusque glabris. 
, — Saffragam and Galle Districts, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 
ee 

Seepe omnino urascens, 14-2-pedale, Folia 8-7 unc. longa, 14-24 une. lata. 
a 7 lin. eig violacea, ages flavo-virescente. Auther@ albidee.— 


5. G. hirsutum, T. Anders. ; caule erecto ; foliis ovatis, acutis, basi 
attenuatis, petiolatis, subtus ad venos hirsutis, superne scabris, paniculis 
terminalibus confertis hirsutissimis ; bracteis linearibus, ciliatis ; calyce 
bay ad 5-fido ; segmentis longe setaceis, hirsute ciliatis ; corolla ca- 
yee equanti; limbo breviter 5-partito ; filamentis basi paulo hirsutis ; 
capsula 8-10-sperma (7. A.). < 

4B. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
Purpurascens, 2-3-pedale. Corolla flavo-virescens, Anthere albide.—G. Thw. 


TRIB. JUSTICIEZ. : 


19. JUSTICTIA, Linn. 


1. J. Adhatoda, Linn.—Adhatoda Vasica, N. ab EB. in DC. Prod. xi. 
_—p. 387, cum syn.—c.P. 1991. 
4B. Common. Nom. vulg. ‘* Paawetta.” 
Used medicinally by the Cinghalese as an expectorant for children.—G. Theo. 


2. 3. Betonica, Linn.— Adhatoda, N. ab E. in DC. Lc. p. 385. A. 
varvegata, A. ramosissima, A. Nilgherrica, A. trinervia, A. areneria, N. 
ab E. in DC.1.¢. p. 385, 386, 387. ¢ 

Has, Very abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Soodoo-pooroo-gass. 

A. Nilgherrica, Wight, Ic. t. 1544, 4. trinervia, and A. arenaria, are merely stunted 

tes of J. Betonica ; with a complete suite of specimens it is impossible to dis- 
them.—7._4, 
ooo J: Tranquebariensis, Linn.—Adhatoda, N. ab E. in DC. Le. p. 
+ cum. syn.; Wight, Ic. t, 462.—c.P. 1993. 
B. Hot, drier parts of the island. * 

Corolla albida vel rubra, fauce rubro maculata.—G. Thaw. 

4. J. Ceylanica, T. Anders.—Adhatoda, N. ab E. in DC. l.c. p. 400, 
eum syn.—c.p. 2422, 2718, 3110 (713 partim). 

His. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet.. a 

5. J. Hookeriana, T, Anders.—Adhatoda, N. ab E. in DC. le. p. 
+: 403.—o.p, 701, tostachya Zeylanica, N. ab E. partim. 

te, Very abundant on the banks of streams in the Central Pro- 

ce, 

Bractee \ineares vel subs thulate.—G. Th. 

Macrae’s plant in Herb, Benth, n, 423, quoted by Nees von Esen. as Leptostachya 
Zeylanica, is this species.—7. A. ‘ : 

6. 3. Gendarussa, Linn.—Gendurussa vulgaris, N.ab E. in DC. Le. 
P. 410, cum syn.—c.p. 3662. x 

B. Common. Nom. vulg. “ Kalos-waaraneya. 


I 


2H 


234 ENUMERATION OF [ Acanthacee. 


7. J. glabra, Konig.— Rhaphidospora, N. ab E. in DC. l.c. p. 499, 
cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 1554.—c.p. 2718, 3663 (713 partim). 
Has. Common in the Central Province. 


_ 20, RHINACANTHUS, N. ab E. 


1. R. communis, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. p.109; DC. Prod. 
xi. p. 442; Wight, Ic. t. 464.—R. Rottlerianus, N. ab E. 1. c.—c.p, 1982. 
4B. Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 


21. ROSTELLULARIA, Reichen. 


1, R. Royeniana, N. ab E. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 373, cum syn.—R. ro- 
tundifolia, N. ab E. in DO. 1. c. p.370. R. procumbens, N . ab E. 1. ¢. D 
371, et Wight, Ic. t. 1539. R. Abyssinica, Brongn. R. mollissima, N. al 
E.1. c. p.373, R. crinita, N. ab E.l.c. R. simplex, Wight, Ic. t. 1542 
(7. A.).—c.P. 142, 228, 404, 2904, 509. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island. 

I have failed in finding any character by which to separate these species even as 
Varieties ; I am therefore forced to consider them as states of one very variable 
species.—T. A. 

2. R. diffusa, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DC. 1. ¢. 371, cum syn. 
—c.P. 1976, 1992. 

Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


22. PERISTROPHE, N. ab E. 


1. P. tinctoria, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DC. Prod. xi. p. 493, 
cum syn. , 
Has, Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 


23. MONOTHECIUM, Hochst. 


1. M. aristatum, T. Anders.— Anthocometes aristatus, N. ab E. in 
DC. Prod. xi. = 312, cum syn.—c.p. 1984. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; not very common. 

Corolla albida, /abio inferiore fauce rufo maculato.— G. Thw. 


24. RUNGIA, N. ab E. 


1. R. parviflora, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. (DC. Prod. xi. p. oa 
cum syn.)—R. pectinata, N. ab E. in DC. 1.¢. p.470; Wight, Ic. t. 1547. 
R. muralis, Royle. R. polygonoides, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. eect: 
DC. 1. te E 471. 2B. origanoides, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ; DO- 
1. ¢. (7. A.).—c.P. 257, 1975, 3354, 3357. 
Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 7000 feet. : 
Like most of the species of this genus, this plant varies much in the size and rea : 
of the leaves and the form of the spikes of flowers, as well as in the extent 0 “4 


—s margin of the bracts, and also in the extent of cilise on the calyx-segments. 


Acanthacea.) ‘CEYLON PLANTS. 235 


2. R. repens, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DC. 1.c. p- 472, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 465.—c.p. 257, 1972, 1973, 1974, 2935. 

Has. Very common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

Like the preceding species, this is very variable. There is a state of it from the 
Central Province in which the bracts are acutely lanceolate, and their scarious mar- 
gin nearly absent.—7" 4, 

3. R. longifolia, N. ab E. et W. Arn. in DC. 1.c. p. 471.—R. latior, 
N. ab E.; DO. 1c. p- 472.—c.p. 89, 257, 301, 686, 708, 1974, 3355. 

Haz. Ramboda and Adam’s Peak. 


25. DICLIPTERA, Juss. 


_ 1. D. bivalvis, Juss. in Ann. Mus. (DC. Prod. xi. p- 475.)—D. Zeylan- 
tea, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. 474.—c.p. 399, 2576. : 
: ‘seg Not uncommon on shaded banks, in the hot, drier parts of the 
island. 

C.P. 2576 is the normal state of this species; C.P. 399 is probably only a stunted 
condition of it.—7. 4. 


26. ERANTHEMUM, Linn. 


1. E. crenulatum, Wall. in Bot. Reg. t. 879 (DC. Prod. xi. p. 453.) 
—c.P. 1703, 1979. ; 
- Not uncommon. 


2. E. Ecbolium, T. Anders.— Justicia, Linn. ; N. ab E. in DC. 1. ¢. 
f 426, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t.463. J. gymnostachya, N.ab EK. in DC. 
-¢. J. letevirens, Vahl, En. i. p- 118? J. strobilifera, Lam. Ill. i. p. 
36? J. emarginata, N. ab E. in DC. 1. ¢. p. 427. J. — ; 
ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii, p- 108. J. syringifolia, Vahl, En. i. p. 
= AIZ a ‘ livida, Wall. Cat. n. 2482 c. J. dentata, Klein. (7. A.).— 
C.P, 8. 
Haz. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island; a very variable 
and widely diffused plant. 


27. PTYSSIGLOTTIS, T. Anders. 


Calyx profunde 5- artitus, equalis. Corolla infundibuliformis ; lim- 
bus B-partitus, labio dnfebians fongiteidinater plicato, Zobis lateralibus 
externis in wstivatione. Stamina duo. Anthere biloculares, loculis 
- Parallelis, muticis, ovatis. Stigma capitatum, clavatum, obtusum. Cap- 

a basi dissepimentis adnatis, apice tetrasperma. Semina discoidea, 
minute tuberculata (7. .A.). So 

1. P, radicosa, T, Anders.—Rhytiglossa radicosa, N. ab E. in ‘ 
: Xl. p. 344. Rostellularia neieatoed, Zollinger, Pl. Jav.; DC. 
se D- 370 (7. A.).—c.r. 3538. 

4B. Hot, drier parts of the island. 
;: Corolla albida, 6 lin. longa, labio superiore bipartito ; segmentis oblongis, subacutis, 
‘eriore tripartito, segmentis rotundatis.—G@. Zhw. 


28. ASYSTASIA, Blume. 
L. A. Gangetica, T, Anders.—A. Coromandeliana, N. ab E. in Wall. 


236 ENUMERATION OF [Labiate. 


Pl. As, Rar. ; DC. Prod. xi. p. 165, cum syn.; Wight, Te. t. 1506. A. 
plumbaginea, N, ab EK. in Wall. Pl, As. Rar. A. quaterna, N. ab E. _ 
DC. 1. ¢. p. 166. A. intrusa, N. ab E. in DC. 1. c. A. ealycina, Benth. 
Fl. Niger. p. 478. A. Bojeriana, N.ab E. in DC. 1.¢. A. Comorensis, 
Bojer; DC. 1. c. (7. A.)—c.r. 1998. ; 

tik: Very abundant in the hotter parts of the island. 

The extensive distribution of this species over tropical Asia and Africa renders = 
specific name adopted by Nees von Esenbeck quite inappropriate; and the same a 
jection may be made to the original one given by Linnzus, and which, as being the 
oldest, I have revived. For so cosmopolitan a plant the specific term communis or 
vulgaris would perhaps be more suitable. The notes by Mr. Bentham to the pet 
stasi@ of the ‘ Flora Nigretiana’ show that I have the best authority for the greater 
part of the identifications I have made of this variable species.—Z. A. 


2. A. chelonoides, N. ab E. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar.; DC. lc. p. 164, 
cum syn.—A. nemorum, N. ab E.1. c¢. et DC. 1. c. p. 167, cum syn. 
(7. A.).—c.P, 552, 1989. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Mr. Thwaites observes that the somewhat procumbent habit, smaller flowers oe 
shorter pedicels, seem sufficiently to distinguish 4. xemorum from A, beggar: an 
that when growing they look very different; but I have been unable to ar any 
sufficient characters amongst the large series of specimens contained in the Hookerian 
Herbarium, and moreover Nees and others have partially united them.—7, 4. 


CXVIII. LABIATA. 
TRIB. OCIMOIDEZ, 
1. OCIMUM, Linn. 
1. O. canum, Linn. (Benth. in DO. Prod. xii. p- 32, cum syn.)—e.P. 


3624, 


Has. Very abundant in waste ground about native gardens. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Heen-talla.” 


O. Basilicum, Linn., is very common as a cultivated plant in native gardens. Is 
it really specifically distinct from O. canum ? 

2. O. gratissimum, Linn. (Benth. |. c. p. 34, cum syn.)—c.P. 2062. 

- Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

3. O. suave, Willd. (Benth. 1. c. p. 35, cum syn.)—c.P. 3623. 

Has. Ambagamowa; not common. : 

4. O. sanctum, Linn. (Benth. 1. c. p- 38, cum syn.)—0O. tenuiflorum, 
Linn. ; Benth. 1. ¢. p. 39.—c.p. 249. » 

Haz. Common in waste places. Nom. vulg.  Madooroo-tallu. 

Much used as a medicine by the Cinghalese, 


2. GENIOSPORUM, Wall. 
a G. elongatum, Benth. Lab. p. 21 (DC. Prod. xii. p. 45.)—¢-P- 
80. 


Has, Common in sy places in the Central Province, at an cleva- 
tion of 4000 to 6000 Feet, 


Labiate.| CEYLON PLANTS. 237 


2. o prostratum, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As, Rar. ii. p.18; DC. le— 
c.P. 2079. 
inet 8. gracile.—G. gracile, Benth. Lab. p. 21; DC.1. e.—e.P. 2078 
1). 
Has. Warmer parts of the island; not uncommon. 
Tcan find no constant character to distinguish G. gracile from G. prostatum, and 
they appear to pass insensibly into one another. 


3. MOSCHOSMA, Reich. 


1, M. polystachyum, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 13; DC. 
Prod. xii. p. 48, cum syn.—c.p. 2056. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 


4. ORTHOSIPHON, Benth. 


1. O, diffusus, Benth. in DC. Prod, xii. p. 50. 
Han. Ceylon, Waiker, in Herb. Hook. 


2, O. glabratus, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 14; DC. 1. ¢. cum 
syn.—c.P. 2059. 

Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

This varies very much in the size of the flowers. 


5. PLECTRANTHUS, L’Her. 


1, P. capillipes, Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 57.—c.P. 2064. 
Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
Corolla alba, labio inferiore rubro-maculato. 


2. BP. nigrescens, Benth. Lab. p. 710; DC.1.c. p. 58.—P. Walkeri, — 
Benth. 1.c. P. scabrellus, Benth. l.c. P. hians, Benth. 1. ¢. p. 57.— . 
©.P. 90, 425 (461, 583, 687, 2060, 2061). eee 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

Corolla alba, rubro-maculata. 

A most variable plant, as regards the size and shape of the leaves, and the amount 
of pubescence, 


3. P. Coetsa, Don, (Pr. Fl. Nep. p. 117; Benth. 1. c. p. 58.)—P.. 
menthoides, Benth. 1. c. p. 59. P. Mecored, Benth. I. c.; Ww ght, Ie. t. 
1430.—o.p. 2063. 

Han. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 


4. P. subincisus, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 16; DC. Prod. 
a 66.—c.P. 2890. ’ 
AB. Ceylon, Macrae. : 

I have never met with this species in a growing state, and there is no record of 
whence the very indifferent specimen in the Herbarium was obtained. 

5. P. Gardneri, Thw.; cawle herbaceo, breve piloso, basi decum- 
bente ; foliis ovatis vel rotundatis, grosse dentatis vel subincisis, cre- 
natis, minute ciliatis, superne villosulis, subtus glanduloso-punctatis, 
basi subacutis, petiolo longiusculo nervisque tomentellis ; racemis elon- 

tulis, slandalostomantalt parce ramosis ; verticillastris distanti- 

us, 4-6-floris; bracteis minutis, ciliatis; pedicellis calyce fructifero 
hutante subwequilongis.—c.P. 16 (84, 264). 


238 ENUMERATION OF [Labiate. 


Has. In damp, shady places, as Newera Ellia and other of the more 
elevated parts of the Central Province. 

1-2-pedalis, plus minus rufescens. Calyx fructifer subglaber, prominentim parce 
reticulatus, 2 lin. longus, dente supremo rotundato, obtuso, inferioribus lanceolatis, 
infimis subulato-acuminatis. Corolla purpurea, calyce duplo longior, lacinia infima 
porrecta concava. (P. Siebert affinis, H. f.) 

6. P. Zeylanicus, Benth. Lab. p. 36 ; DC. 1. e.—c.p. 2083. 

Has. Rambodde, in the Central Province, Gardner. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kreeweriya.” 

This is commonly cultivated in native gardens as a medicinal plant, but I have 
never found it truly wild. 

Plect. tuberosus, Blume (Coleus tuberosus and C. parviflorus, Benth.), is cultivated 
by the Cinghalese for the sake of its tuberous roots, which are eaten as a vegetable. 


6. COLEUS, Lour. 


1. C. barbatus, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 15; DC. Prod. xii. 
p- 71, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1432.—c.p. 2069. ; 

Has. Common on rocky places in the Oovah District, at an elevation 
of 2000 to 5000 feet. 


2. ©. Malabaricus, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 16; DC. 1. c¢. 
p. 76, cum syn.—C. ovatus, Benth. in DC. 1.c. C. Macrei, Benth.1.c. 
». 77. C. Walkeri, Benth. l.c. C. leptostachys, Benth. l.c. C. mollis, 
nth. 1. c.—c.p. 17, 2066, 2995, 3435 (2067). 
2 = Common in damp, bushy places, up to an elevation of 6000 
eet. 

A most variable species as respects amount of pubescence, size and form of the 
leaves and of the inflorescence ; and the several forms run so insensibly into one ano- 
ther that I am quite unable to separate them satisfactorily, even as distinct varieties. 

3. C.inflatus, Benth. Lab. p. 58; DC. Prod. xii. p. 78.—C. Ben- 
thamianus, Arn. in Noy. Act. Nat. Cur. xviii. p. 354; Benth. in DC. 
1. e.—c.P. 2065. . 

_ Has. Abundant at Newera Ellia, Horton Plains, etc., at an elevation 
of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Col. aromaticus, Benth. (nom. vulg. “ Kopprawalleya”) is cultivated by the Cin- 
ghalese as a medicine for cattle. ©, Blumei, Benth., with its variety (. daciniatus, 
Benth., is a common ornamental plant in the island. 


7. ANISOCHILUS, Wall. 


1, A. carnosus, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. ii. p. 18; Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. 
p- 81, cum syn.—c.p. 2055. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, not very common. Nom. vulg. 
** Gal-kopprawalleya.” 

2. A. paniculatus, Benth. 1. c. p. 82. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker, in Herb. Hook. 

3. A. suffraticosus, Wight, Ic. t. 1437.—c.P. 3573. 

Has. Gunner’s Quoin, in the Batticaloa District. 

In the present plant the spikes of flowers are much shorter, the leaves are tomen- 
tose (not villous), and not so crowded together as in the plant figured by Dr. Wight, 
but from their general similarity I think they are no doubt forms of one species. 


Labiate.] CEYLON PLANTS. 239 


TRIB. SATUREIE. 
8. POGOSTEMON, Desf. 
-1. P. Heyneanus, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p- 31; DC. Prod. 


mg 153, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1440.—c.P. 33 (2073, 2401). 

te AB. Common throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Gang-Kolang- 
ola. : 

The leaves of this plant are used by the Cinghalese medicinally, as a sternutatory. 


2. P.rupestris, Benth. Lab. p. 156; DC. l.c. p. 154.—c.?. 343. 

Var. 8. hirsutus.—P. hirsutus, Benth. in DC. |. e.—c.P. 283. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 feet. 

Although the extreme forms of var. a and 8 of this species look very distinct, they 
are so completely connected by intermediate ones that I find it quite impossible to 
discover any constant character by which to separate them. The plant figured by 
Dr. Wight (Ie. t. 1442) under the name of P. Airsu¢us must certainly be, as he him- 
self suspects, quite a distinct species. 

3. P. reflexus, Benth. in DC. l.c. P 155.—c.p. 154. 

t 


Has. The more elevated parts of the Central Province, not very 
common. 


9. DYSOPHYLLA, Blume. 


1, D. auricularia, Bl. (Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 156, cum syn.; 

Wight, Ie. t. 1445.)—c.r. 26. 
4B. Very common on the borders of paddy-fields. Nom. vulg. 
“ Faamanilla.” 

Ds a verticillata, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p. 30; DC. l.c. p. 
157, cum syn.—D. crassicaulis, Benth. 1. c. p. 158. WD. tetraphylia, 
UL ae Te. t. 1444.—o.P, 2082. 

- Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 


- » 


10. MENTHA, Linn. 


1. M. arvensis, Linn. (Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 171, cum syn.)— 
M. Javanica, Blume; Benth. 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. f. 
.,, HB. Borders of paddy-fields, in the Central Province. Nom. vulg. 
“ Odoo-talan.” 


11. CALAMINTHA, Benth. 


1. ©. Clinopodium, Benth.—Var. wmbrosa, H. f. MS. _C. wmbrosa, 
Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p- 232. .C. repens, Benth. 1. c. p. 233, cum syn. 
Melissa umbrosa, Wight, Ic. t. 1447.—c.P. 2058. 

- Newera Ellia. 


TRIB, STACHYDEZ. 


12, SCUTELLARIA, Linn. 


1. S. violacea, Heyne, (Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p. 66; Benth. in DC. 
Prod. xii. p. 418, cun. ht ; Wight, Ic. t. 1449.)—8. floribunda, Benth. 
leg. robusta, Benth. 1. ¢.—c.p. 217, 2716 (527). 


240 ENUMERATION OF [ Labiate. 


Var. 8; tota planta glabra vel subglabra ; foliis acutius dentatis.— 
An 8. oblonga, var. y, Benth. 1. c.?—c.p. 3370. _ z : 

Var. y; caule repente, radicante, patentim piloso ; Soliis rotundatis, 
subacutis, crenatis, villosulis ; floralibus majoribus quam in var. a et 8. 
—c.P. 302.—An species distincta ? ; 

Has. Very common in the Central. Province, up to an elevation of 
7000 feet. g es y. Horton Plains. 

A very variable plant in the size of the flowers and in the amount and character of 
the pubescence, which latter upon the racemes varies from very glandular to being 
nearly or quite free from glands. Var.y may possibly prove to be a distinct species, 
but Iam disposed to believe it to be only a variety. ; 

2. S. oblonga, Benth. 1. c.—c.p. 2057. ‘ 

Has. Common on the rocky margins of streams in the Central Pro- 
vince, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

All my specimens have the leaves with their base narrowed gradually into the pe- 
tiole, and therefore belong to Bentham’s var. 8 of this species, and which would 
seem to be the typical form of it. 


13. ANISOMELES, R. Br. 


1, A. ovata, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew. ; Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 
455, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 865.—c.r. 2072. 
. . Hs. Very common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
© Yakwanassa.” 
_ 2. &. Malabarica, R. Br. in Bot. Mag. t. 2071; Benth. 1. c. p. 456, 
cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 864.—0c.P. 3572. 
= aan. Hot, a parts of the island. 


¢ 


14. LEUCAS, Benth. | 


1. Ls. mollissima, Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p. 62; Benth. in DC. Prod. 
xu. p. 525.—Z. pilosa, Benth. in Wall. 1. e.—c.p. 2075. ‘ 
. North of the island, Gardner. : 
I suspect that this is a mere state or variety of the following species, as the differ- 
ence between the two plants is scarcely sufficient to be considered specific. 
a3 L. marrubioides, Desf. (Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 528.)—C-P- 
Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg- 
“ Sooddoo-toomba.” : 
3. L. pubescens, Benth. Lab. p. 610; DC. Prod. p. 528.—An ZL. 
engpiags, Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p. 62; DC. Prod. p. 626? 
4B, Ceylon, Maerae (Herb. Hook.). 
The species of this genus being so variable, may not this be a form only of the 
ing ? 


4. L. procumbens, Desf. (Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 527.)—L. bi- 
Jlora, Br.; Benth. l.c.; Wight, Ic. t. 866.—c.P. 2053, 2074. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island, from the level of the sea 
up to 8000 feet. : ‘ 

Tota planta molliter pubescens vel strigosula. Calyx omnino pubescens vel inter 
eostas glaber, 3-4 lin. longus, 


5. L. Zeylanica, R. Br. (Prod. p. 504; Benth. l. c. p. 531.)—L. as- 


Verbenacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 241 


pera, Spr. Benth. 1. c. p. 532. L. diffusa, Benth. 1. c. cum syn. L. 
hyssopifolia, Benth. 1l.c. L. Walkera, Benth. 1. c.—c.P. 2076. 
Cf. L. dimidiata, Spr., and L. linifolia, Spr. 
. Has. Very common throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Gatta- 
toomba.” 
A most variable species. The Cinghalese use the leaves as a medicine, and in 
some parts of the island, I am told, as a vegetable in their curries. 


15. LEONOTIS, R. Br. 


1. L. nepeteefolia, R. Br. (Prod. p. 504; Benth. in DC. Prod. xii. p. 
535, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 867.)—c.P. 2070. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Maha-yakwan- 


assa.” 
TRIB. 4JUGEZ. 


16. TEUCRIUM, Linn. 


1. T. tomentosum, Heyne, (Benth. in Wall. Pl. As. Rar. i. p. 583 
DC. Prod. xii. p. 582; Wight, Ic. t. 1458.)—c.P. 212. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 


CXIX. VERBENACE. 
TRIB. VERBENEZ. 


1. BOUCHEA, Cham. 


1, B. Hyderabadensis, Walp. Rep. iv. p. 12; Schauer in DC. 
Prod. xi. z 559, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1462.—c.P. 3574. 

Has. On an open grassy spot between Madamahanewera and Aloot- 
newera, in the Central Province. : : 

1-2-pedalis. Corolla roseo-purpurea, 8-9 lin. in exp., ad faucem minute pilosula 
et intensius colorata; Zodis oblongis rotundatis, inferiore latiore, seepe retuso. An- 
therarum 2 superiores parum majores. Stylus apicem prope abrupte deflexus. . 
Stigma parvum. Cocci lineares, 4 lin. longi, membranaceo-marginati, externe striati, 
interne minute tuberculati. 


2, STACHYTARPHA, St. 


1. S. Indica, Vahl, Enum. i. p. 206; Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 564.— 
c.P. 3153. 
: Has. Very common throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Balloona- 
oota,’”” 
8. JarMarcensis is avery common weed in cultivated ground, having become quite 
naturalized in the island. 


3. LIPPIA, Linn. 


1. L. nodifora, Rich. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 585, cum syn. ; 


Wight, Ic. t. 1463.)—c.r. 1947. 


as, Very abundant near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ stcacainar emp 
21 


— 242 ENUMERATION OF [ Verbenacea. om 


é: LANTANA, Linn. 


1. L. alba, Mill. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 606, cum syn.)—Lantana 
8 


Indica, Roxb. ; Wight, Ie. t. 1464.—c.p. 49 . 

Has. Near Galagama, in the Central Province. 

Corolla (in meis specimin.) pallide purpurea, 

L. mixta, Linn, (LZ. aculeata, Hort.), introduced into the island about thirty- 
five years ago, has become not only quite naturalized, but covers many hundred acres 


of uncultivated land in many parts of the island. Lané, trifolia, Linn., is also not 
an Uncommon weed in cultivated ground. 


TRIB. VITICER. 


5. SYMPHOREMA, Roxb. . 
1. 8S. involucratum, Roxb. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 621; Wight, Ic. 
t. 362.)—oc.p, 3645, 
: . Near Trincomalie, Rey, S. O. Glenie. 


6. PREMNA, Linn. 


1S: purpurascens, Thy. ; scandens ; ramulis teretibus, striatis ; 
_ foliis glabris, oblongis, abrupte breve et obtuse acuminatis, subcordatis, 
_ Subtus minutissime reticulatis, petiolatis ; paniculis tomentellis, ter- 
minalibus, divaricato-corymbosis, multifloris, laxis; floribus minutis ; 
ealyce subin 1 

xis; staminibus exsertis, filamentis equalibus, fauce insertis.—Phe- 
nicanthus Zeylanicus, Thw. its Herb. Hook.—o.p, 2698. 


Folia 8-6-poll. longa, 14-8 poll. lata, Ieete viridia, venis cum petiolo 3-2 poll. 
longo purpurascentibus, Panicule folio multum breviores, purpuree. Corolla pal- 
lide purpurea, 


2. P. serratifolia, Linn, (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 632, cum syn.)— 
ts rin eta, Linn. ; Mid a Ie. t. 1469,—c.p. ids3. 
t. 


“8. Very common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Middee-gass,” 


The root of this plant is used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 


3. P. latifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. Pp. 76; Sch. 1. e. p. 635; Wight, Ic. _ 


t 869.—An Fe viburnoides, Wall. Sch. 1. c. P—o.p, 2893. ? 
é Has. Trincomalie, itew: 8. O: Qlenis: Caltura. Nom. vulg. “ Mid- 
€e-gass.”” 


Like the preceding, of which this is possibly merely a variety, the present plant is 


employed as a medicine by the natives 


4, P. micrantha, Schauer, l.c.2—An P. mucronata, Roxb. Sch. 1. c.? 
—Cc.P. 2541, 


Arborea, 8-10-pedalis, Ramuli juniores pubescentes, Folia integra vel irregu- 

iter serrata, basi angustata vel rotundata, superne puberula, subtus cum petiolo pu- 
bescentia. Coro/Iy flavida, interne fulvo-tineta, ; 

gh this does not quite agree with the deseription of either of the two eet 

quoted above, it is not improbably one of them ; and I hesitate, with the materials 


A 


- Verbenacea.} CEYLON PLANTS. 243 


5, P. tomentosa, Willd. (Sch. in DC. 1. ¢. p. 634, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. t. 1468.)—c.P. 747. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Boo- 
sairoo-gass.” 


6. P. procumbens, Wall. (Sch. |. c. p. 636.)—c.P. 325. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 


7. P. cordifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 78; Sch. 1. c. p. 632; Wight, 
Ic. t. 1483.—c.p. 193. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


Folia subglabra vel subtus tomentosa. Corolla flavida, plus minus rubro tincta. 


7. CALLICARPA, Linn. 


1, C. Wallichiana, Walp. Rep. iv. p. 125; Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 
641, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1480.—c.P. 722. 
. Very common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kela-gass.” 


8. CLERODENDRON, Linn. 


1. C. inerme, R. Br. in Ait. Hort. Kew.; Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 
660, cum syn.—c.P. 1949. ” 
Has, Very common near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-gooranda. 


2. C. phlomoides, Linn. (Sch. 1. c. p. 663, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
1473.)—c.P. 1950. 
4B. Hotter parts of the island, not very common. 


3. C. serratum, Spr. (Sch. 1. c. p. 664, cum syn.; Wight, Te. t. 1472.) 
==—O.P, 1951, 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Ken-handa.” 


4. ©. Linnei, Thw.—An Volkameria scandens, Linn.f. Supp. p. 292; 
Sch. 1. c. p. 657 P—c.p. 1948. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


Scandens. Ramuli juniores subteretes, pilosi. Folia obovato-rotundata, sub- 
cordata, apiculata, pene te pilosula, subtus pallidiora, glanduloso-punctata et — 
ad nervos pilosa, 2-3 poll. longa. Petiolo 2-3 lin. longo. Panicule ep es, 
foliose, corymbiformes, compactz, incano-pilose. Pedicelli subuulli, Calyx hypo- 
crateriformis, breve 5-dentatus, in anthesi 14 lin. longus. Corolla alba, externe 
file. tubo 3 lin. longo, Ziméo 5 lin. in exp., lobis oblongis obtusis, inferiore parum 

ngiore. Filamenta valde elongata. : 5, 

This is most probably, I think, Volk. scandens, Linn. f.; but, as the sepa tp 
of the latter does not quite accord with our plant, and as the name of Cler. ~ “ced 
has been applied by Palisot de Beanvois to another species of the genus, I have 
_ thought it best to call the present Cler. Linnai. 


5. C. infortpnatum, Linn. (Sch. 1. c. p. 667, cam syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 1471.—c.p. 2894. : 
. Not uncommon in damp forests, up to an elevation of 5000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “Gas-pinna.” 


C. Sirnonanruus, R. Br., is common in gardens, but is not truly indigenous. 


244, ENUMERATION OF [ Plumbaginacee. 


9. GMELINA, Linn. 


1, G. Asiatica, Linn. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 679, cum syn.)—G, 
parvifolia, Roxb. Pl. Cor. ii. t. 162; Sch. 1. c. cum syn.—c.P. 1952. 
B. Very common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Gatta-demmata.” 
2. G. Rheedei, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4395; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 239.— 


G. arborea, Wight, Ic. t. 1470.—An G. arborea, Roxb., var. >—c.P. 128 
(698). 


- Common up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ At- 
demmata.” 


Arbor ingens, 40-50-pedalis, patula. 


The bark and roots of this and the preceding species are used medicinally by the 
Cinghalese. 


10. VITEX, Linn. 
1. V. trifolia, Linn. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 683, cum syn.)—C.P. 
1955. 
Has. Near the sea, not uncommon. 
2. V. Negundo, Linn. (Sch. 1. ¢. p- 684, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
519. Aes 1956. a 
. Common on the banks of rivers and streams, up to an elevation 
of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Sooddoo-nikka-gass.” 
3. V. altissima, Linn. f, (Sch. 1. c. p. 685, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
1466.)—An V. alata, Heyne, Sch. 1. c. ?—c.p, 1958. 
Has. Common in forests, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Mililla-gass,” “« Meeyan-mililla-gass.” 
Folia subglabra vel subtus molliter pubescentia, petiolo seepe plus minus alato. 


This tree produces one of the most valuable timbers in the island for building and 
other purposes. te 


4. V. pubescens, Vahl, (Sch, 1.c. cum syn, ; Wight, Ic. t. 1465.) 
Has. Ceylon, Walker, (Herb. Hook.) 


5. ‘V. leucoxylon, Linn. f. (Sch. 1. c. p. 692, cum gyn; Wight, Ic. t. 
1467.)—V. saligna, Roxb. Sch. l.c.—c.P. 1957. 
Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. 
TRIB. AVICENNIEZ. 
11. AVICENNIA, Linn. 
1. A. officinalis, Linn. (Sch. in DC. Prod. xi. p. 700, cum syn.5 


Naght Te. tt. 1481, 1482.)—c.p, 1961 (1962). 
AB. Not uncommon near the sea, 


CXX. PLUMBAGINACEA. 


1, PLUMBAGO, Tourn. 


y pierianics, Linn. (Boissier in DO. Prod. xii. p. 692, cum sy2-)— 
C.F, 2265, 


¢ 


Polygonacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. 245 


Has. Very common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Ella-nettol.” 

P. rosga, Linn., called by the Cinghalese ‘‘ Rat-nettol,” is not uncommon in gar- 
dens, but I cannot hear of its occurring truly, wild. It is much valued as a medi- 
cinal plant. 


CXXI. PLANTAGINACE. 


1. PLANTAGO, Linn. 


1. P. major, Linn. (Var. 8 Asiatica, Dene. in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 
694.)—P. Asiatica, Linn.—c.P. 2246. ae 
. Common in the most elevated parts of the Central Province. — 


: -P. rancrouata, Limn., is become a common weed at Newera Ellia, having been 
introduced with grass-seeds from Europe. 


CXXII. NYCTAGINACE. 


1. PISONTA, Plum. 


1. P. aculeata, Linn. ; Choisy in DC. Prod. xiii-ii. p. 440, cum syn. 
—P. villosa, Poir.l.c. P. Georgina, Wall.—c.p. 2266. 
Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


2. BOERHAAVIA, Linn. 


see ee 


—B. procumbens, Roxb. ; Wien Te. t. 874.—c.P. 1099. 
B. Very common on san 
sooddoo-pala.” 


* CXXIII. POLYGONACE. 


1. POLYGONUM, Linn. 


1. P. barbatum, Linn. (Meisner in DC. Prod. xiv. p. 104, eum syn. ; — 
Wight, Ic. t. 1798.)—c.P. 3000. 
B. Warmer parts of the island, not uncommon. 


2. P. Posumbu, Ham. in Don Pr. Fl. Nep. p. 71; Wall. Cat. N.; 


an Meisner ?—P. strictum, Allioni; Wight, Ic. t. 1800.—c.P. 2591. 
Haz. Dimboola, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 


3. P. serrulatum, Lag. (Meisn. 1. c. p. 110, cum syn.)—Cc.P, 2999. 
Has. Galle. 

This is considered by Dr. Hooker to be merely a variety of P. mete, Schr. 

4, P, glabram, Willd. (Meisn. l.c. p. 114, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 


1799.)—o.v. 2907. 
Has. Very common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Dr. Heoker believes this to be a variety of P. Persicaria, Linn. 


246 ENUMERATION OF -[Salsolacea. 


5. P. tomentosum, Willd. (Meisn. 1. c. p. 124, cum syn.)—c.P. 2248. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 

6, P. perforatum, Meisn. 1. ec. p. 128, cum syn.—P. Nepalense, 
Meisn. 1. c. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1804.—c.P. 2251. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island. 

7. P, Chinense, Linn. (Meisn. 1. c. p. 130, cum syn.; Wight, Ie. t. 
186.)—c.P. 2249, fue 

Has. A very common plant. 

8. P. strigosum, R. Br. (Meisn. 1. c. p- 134, eum syn.) —P. murica- 
tum, Meisn. |. c. p. 183.—c.P. 2250. : 

Has. Most elevated parts of the Central Province. 

9. P. pedunculare, Wall. (Meisn. 1. c. p. 133, cum syn.)—c.P. 3348. 

Has. South of the island. 


CXXIV. SALSOLACEA. 


1. CHENOPODIUM, Tourn. 
1. Ne murale, Linn. (Moguin in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 69, cum syn.)— 
 ©.P. 3658. 
__Has. Trincomalie, Rev. 8. O. Glenie. 


2, ATRIPLEX, Gertn. 


1. A. repens, Roth, (Mogq. 1. c. p. 99.)—c.v. 2252. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


3. ARTHROCNEMUM, Moquin. 


1, A. Indicum, Mog. in DC. Prod. xiii.-ii. p. 151, cum syn.—Sali- 
corma Indica, Willd. ; Wight, Ic. t. 737.—c.p. 2262. : 
‘Has. North of the island. 


ate S. nudiflora, Mog. in DC. Prod. xiii. p. 155, cum syn.—c.?. 


es Putlam, Moon. Trincomalie, Rev. S. O. Glenie. Batticoloa, 
ete, 


ar ag | specimens the styles vary in number from 2 to 5, but there are most com- 
monly 4, 


2. S. Indica, Mog. 1. c. p. 156, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1796.—c.?. 
Hap. Putlam, Moon. Jaffna, and Calpentyne, Gardner. 


I have not seen fresh specimens in flower of this species, so have yot had an rf 
portunity of comparing it so critically as I could wish with the preceding, to whic 
it is evidently very closely allied. 


_ Baseta rupra, Linn., is commonly cultivated in gardens, but is certainly not 
indigenous. 


_ Amarantacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 247 


CXXV. AMARANTACER. 
1. CELOSIA, Linn. 


syn.)—c.P. 2240. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


2. ©. pulchella, Mog. 1. c. cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1768.—c.P. 2238. 
Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


3, ©. argentea, Mog. 1. c. p. 242, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1767.—An _ 


C. cristate, Moq. |. ¢., var. ?—c.v. 2245. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Kirri-handa.” 


2. CHAMISSOA, Kunth. 


Mog. 1. c. cum syn. An C. aspera, Wight, Ic. t. 1772?—c.r. 2244, 
2726, 3154. bee : 
- Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 

After examining a large series of specimens, I have found it quite impossible to 
arrive at any other conclusion but that the several plants I have enumerated are mere 
forms of one very variable species. ‘The shape of the leaves and amount of pubes- 
cence are most inconstant characters ; the seed varies in being more or less minutely 
punctate; and the whole plant is thin and flaccid, or of tolerably firm consistence. 


3. AMARANTUS, Tourn. 
* (Nom. vulg, ‘ Tampala.”’) | 
_i. &. oleraceus, Roxb: Fl. Ind. iii. p. 605 ; Wight, Ic. t. 715 (vix 
Eucolus oleraceys, Moquin in DC. Prod. xiii—ii. p. 273.)—A. Gange- 
treus, Linn. ; Mog. 1. c. p. 261, cum syn. A. lanceolatus, Roxb. 1. c. p. 
or Kn A. melancholicus, Linn. ; Mog. 1. c. p. 262, cum syn. P—c.P. 

Haz. Very common in native gardens, but hardly indigenous. 

2. A. polygamus, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 603; Wight, Ic. t. 
714.)— Bucolus polygamus, Moq. 1. ¢. p. 272.—An A. tristris, Linn. ; 
Mog. 1. c. p- 260, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. tt. 514, 713 ?—c.p. 3642. 

4B. Common in cultivated ground. 

‘The smaller size and procumbent habit of 4. polygamus appear to me to be the 
Principal poiuts of distinction between it and 4. oleraceus, to which it is extremely 
closely allied, if it be not indeed a form of it. In my specimens the wéricudi, when 
Perfectly ripe, have the circumscissal dehiscence of Amarantus. 

3. A. spingsus, Linn. (Mog. |. c. p. 260, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 
513.—c.p. 2910, 

Has. Very abundant in waste places. 

A. PRUMENTACEUs, Ham. (an A. cruentus, Linn. ?), 4. hypochondriacus, Linn., 
and 4. caudatus, Linn., occur as cultivated plants. All the species of Amarantus 
and Lucolus are used as vegetables by the Cinghalese. 


i 


248 ENUMERATION OF [ Amarantacee. 


4, HUXOLUS, Rafin. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Koora-tampala.”’) 


1, E. caudatus, Moquin in DC. Prod. xiii.-ii. p- 274, cum syn.; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1773.—c.P. 2911. 
Has. Very abundant on waste ground. 
2. EB. polygonoides.— Amblogyne polygonoides, Rafin. ; ig 4 le. p. 
270, cum syn. Amarantus polygonoides, L.; Willd. ; Wight, Ie. t. 512. 
—C.P. 3643. 
Has. Very common in cultivated ground, ete. 
This, as suspected by Moquin, does not differ generically from Luzolus. It is 
very closely allied indeed to H. caudatus, Moq., and might perhaps be safely consi- 
dered a variety of it. 


5. PSILOTRICHUM, Blume. 


1. B. scleranthum, Thw.; suffruticosum ; ramulis teretibus, tomentel- 
lis ; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, basi in petiolum brevem angustatis, 
ilosulis ; spicis terminalibus, parum ramosis, obtusis ; floribus densis; 
ae acteolis late ovatis, mucronatis, 2 interioribus glabris, exterlore mi- 
_ hore, pubescente ; sepalis subsequalibus, rigidis, lanceolatis, acutis, ob- 
: ig 5-nerviis, externe pilosis, quam bracteole duplo longioribus.—c.P. 
Has. Anooradhapoora, Gardner. 
Folia $14 poll. longa, 4—7 lin. lata. Flores 2 lin. longi, albidi. 
At first sight this might be taken for a small form of Banalia thyrsifiora, Moq., 
but its simple stigma brings it within the present genus, 


6. PIILOTUS, R. Br. 


7. ZORVA, Forsk. ‘ 
1. #8. Javanica, Juss. (Moquin in DC. Prod. xiii-ii. p. 299, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 876.)—o.p, 2255, 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. : 
2, 28. lanata, Juss. (Mog. 1. c. p. 303, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 723.) 
 —==C.P. 2253, ry 
ag Very abundant on waste ground. Nom. vulg. “ Pol-hoonoo- 
3. 48. Monsonia, Mog. |. c. p. 305, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 725.— - 
4. setacea, Moq. 1. ¢. 
Has. North of the island, Dyke, (Herb. Hook.) 


8. NOTHOSARVA, Wight, Ic. vi. p- 1, 
Pseudanthus, Wight, Ic. t. 1776 (non Lieb.). 


1. N. brachiata, Wight. 1. c.—irva brachiata, Mart. Beitr. Ama- 
rant. p. 83; Moquin, L. c. (partim).—c.p. 2254. 
Hap. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


Amarantacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 249 


9. ACHYRANTHES, Linn. 


2. A. aspera, Linn. (Mog. l.c. p. 314, cum syn. ; Wight, Ie. t. 1777.) 
—C.P. 2243. 


Has. Equally abundant with the preceding, and in similar places. 
Nom. vulg. “ Gas-karral-habba.” 

This plant is employed medicinally in cases of dysentery. 

3. A. argentea, Lam. (Mog. 1. c. p. 315, cum syn.)—A. porphyro- 
stachya, Wall.; Mog. l.c. p. 316. A. rubrofusea, Wight, Ic. t. 1778. 


A. aspere var. ?—c.p. 2909. 
Has. Caltura, Moon. 


I am quite disposed to think, with Dr. Hooker, that this is probably merely a 
variety of 4. aspera. 


10. CENTROSTACHYS, Wall. 


1. G. diandra, Wall. (Mogq. in DC. Prod. xiiii.—-ii. p. 322, cum syn. ; 
eas Ic. t. 722.)—c.p. 2241. 
- Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 


11. DIGERA, Forsk. 


eee eo 


see we 


Employed as a medicine by the Cinghalese in cases of dysentery. 


2. . eapitata, Moquin, 1. c. p. 329; Wight, Ic. t. 1782.—c.r. 3112. 

Has. Ooma Oya, near Kandy. 

In my specimens the sfaminodia are much wider and more copiously fimbriated 
they are represented in Dr. Wight’s figure. 


13. PUPALIA, Juss. 


1. P. atropurpurea, Moquin in DC. Prod. xiii—ii. p. 331, cum syn.— 
esmochete atropurpurea, DC; Wight, Ic. t. 731.—c.P. 2237. 
Has. Common in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


2. P. orbiculata, Wight, Ic. t. 17 83.—Oyathula orbiculata, Moquin, 
1. 7: 330, cum syn.—o.P. 2234. 
A 


B. Hotter parts of the island ; not uncommon. <. 


250 ENUMERATION OF [ Zhymelacea. 


14. ALTERNANTHERA, Mart. 


Has. Very abundant throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Mokoo- 
noo-wanna.” 


CXXVI, PHYTOLACCACE. 


1, GIESECKIA, Linn. 


1, G. pharnaceoides, Linn. (Moq. in DC. Prod. xiii.-ii. p. 27, cum 
syn. ; a Ic. t. 1167.)—c.r. 1093. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island. 

Phytolacea octandra, Moq., occurs occasionally as an escape from gardens; and 
Rivina levis, Linn., is become naturalized in some places. 


CXXVII. PROTEACEA. 


1. HELICIA, Lour. 


1, Hf. Ceylanica, Gardner in Calcutta Journ. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. 
p. 453 ; Meisner in DC. Prod. xiv. p. 438.—c.p. 690. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet ;not very 
common. 


Arbor mediocris. Pedunculi pedicellique purpurei. Flores pallide flavi. Fructus 
ovoidei, utrinque parum acuminati, nucis avellane magnitudine, atro-purpurel. 

I have examined a great many flowers of this species, and have found the ovary 
biovulate in all, in this respect agreeing with the other species of the genus. The 
loculus has at its upper part two shining slight prominences, which were probably mis- 
taken by Dr. Gardner for another pair of ovules. 


OXXVITI. THYMELACEA, 


1. WIKSTRG:MIA, Endl. 


1. 'W. virgata, Meisner in DC. Prod. xiy. p. 547, cum syn.—VW. 
canescens, Meisner, l.c. cum syn. W. inamena, Meisn. 1. c. W. sali- 
ey via, Dene. ; Meisn. 1. c. p. 546. Daphne inamena, Gardn. in Cale. 

ourn. of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 454.—c.p. 2206. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 


2. LASIOSIPHON, Fresen. 


1. L. eriocephalus, Dene. (Meisn. in DC. Prod. xiv. p. 597, cum 
Syn.)—L. speciosus, Dene. ; Meisn. 1. c. p. 598. Gnidia eriocephala, 
Wight, Ic. t. 1859. Gnidia (Dingia) eriocephala, Gardner in Caleutta 
Journ of Nat. Hist. vol. vii. p. 456—c.P, 469. 


Santalacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 251 


Var. 8. Zeylanicus, Meisn. 1. c. ; Gnidia (Dingia) insularis, Gardner, 


1 e.—c.P. 2913. 

Has. Drier parts of the island, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. ‘‘ Naha-gass.” 

The two varieties of this species merge insensibly into one another. The bark is 
used for poisoning fish ; a very excellent fibre is also obtained from it. 


3. GYRINOPS, Gertn. 


1. G. Walla, Gertn. (Meisn. in DC. Prod. xiv. p. 602, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1850.)—c.p. 1828. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Walla-gass.” 


The bark of this plant yields a very strong fibre, 


4. DRYMISPERMUM, Reinw. 


1. D. cauliflorum, Thw. ; arborea, glabra ; foliis nitidis, oblongo-lan- 
ceolatis, longiuscule acuminatis, basi acutis, brevi-petiolatis ; capitulis 
caulinis, brevissime pedunculatis ; calyce glabro, lobis ab marginem vil- 
losulis; staminibus bindrinkbus ; filamentis subequilongis.—c.P. 3459. 

Has. Hewessee, in the Pasdoon Corle, on the banks of a stream. 

Arbor parva, elegans; ramis elongatis, subpendulis, Folia 6-9 poll. longa, 13-3 
oll. lata. Bracteole ovate, acute, circiter 3 lin. longe. Flores albidi, 8 lin. 
longi; lodis calycinis rotundatis, obtusis. Fructus ovoidei, parum acuminati, nucis 
avellanze magnitudine, carnosi, sanguinei. 


5. CANSJERA, Juss. 


1. C. Rheedeii, Gmel. (Meisn. in DC. Prod. xiv. p. 519, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1861.)—c.P. 189. 
4B. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 


CXXIX. SANTALACEZ. 


1. PYRULARIA, Mich. 


JA. P. Wallichiana, A. DC. Prod. xiv. p. 629, cum —P. Ceyla- 
be uae A. DC. lc. Spherocarya Wallichiana, Wight, Ic. t. 241.—c.r. 
‘Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

Partes juniores, cum inflorescentia, rubra. 


2. OSYRIS, Linn. 


2. ©. arborea, Wall. (A. DC. Prod. xiv. p. 633.)—0. Wightiana, 
> Wall:; A. DO.L-c.; Wisht, Te. t. 1853.—c.P. 53 (206, 502.) 

- Oova, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 6000 
feet ; abundant. 


a 


252 ENUMERATION OF 


CXXX. ELZAGNACES. 


1. ELH AGNTS, Linn. 


1. E. latifolia, Linn. (Schlecht. in DC. Prod. xiv. p- 610, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1856.)—#. conferta, Roxb. Fl. Ind.; Schl. 1.c. p. 612. #. 
arborea, Roxb. 1. c.; Schl. l.c. p. 611. E. ferruginea, Ach. Rich. ; 
Schl. l.c. p. 610. EH. Wallichiana, Schl. 1. c. p. 612. E. parvifolia, 
Roxb. ; Schl. l.c. E. Thwaitesii, Schl. 1c. p. 611. E. Kologa, Schl. 
1. c.—Foliis subtus argenteo-leprosis, squamis ferrugineis _nullis vel 

ucissimis intermixtis.—c.p. 2263.  Folais firmioribus, seepius majori- 

us, subtus squamis argenteis ferrugineisque intermixtis leprosis ; flori- 
bus parum brevioribus.—c.P. 2264, 83. Foliis firmis, seepius basi ro- 
tundatis, subtus ferrugineo-leprosis.—c.P. 2724. 

Has. Very common up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

T believe we have but one species of this genus indigenous to Ceylon, but it is an 
extremely variable plant. When occurring in the hotter parts of the island the leaves 
are more membranaceous, and have their leprous scales nearly all white ; higher up, 
on the hills, the leaves are usually larger and firmer, and there is a greater intermix- 
ture of ferruginous scales, and sometimes the scales are all ferruginous. 


CXXXI. DATISCACEA. 


1. TETRAMELES, R. Br. 


1. T. nudiffora, R. Br. in Pl. Jay. Rar. p. 19. t. 17.—S. Horsfieldii, 
Steud. Nomene. p. 171.—c.r. 3113. 
Has. Ambagamowa District, at no great elevation ; not common. 


CXXXIT. LAURACE®. 


1. CINNAMOMUM, Burm. 


1. G. Zeylanicum, Breyn. (N. ab E. System. Laurin. p. 45, cum 
bast Wight, Ic. tt. 128,129, 134.)—C. Capparu, Coronde; Blume; 

ab E. I. ¢. p. 665, cum. syn.—c.p. 2283, 2284. 

Var. 8. multiflorum.—C. multiflorum, Wight, Ic. tt. 126, 181. _C. du- 
bium, N. ab E.1.¢. p. 41; Wight, t. 135. @. perpetuo-florens, Wight, 
Te. t. 141. C. villosum, Wight, Ic. t. 127.—o.P. 37, 2282. 

a ae, 3, onnlftoliomrer ovalifolium, Wight, Ic. t. 125.—o.P. 263, 
, 628. ae : 
Has. Pretty generally distributed in forests up to an elevation of 


3000 feet. Var. 8. Common in the Central Province, up to 3000 feet. 


Var. y. At an elevation of 4000 to 8000 feet. : 
Without the opportunity, which I have had, of seeing numerous examples of this 
very variable tree, I should scarcely have ventured to unite the retiavweres ae 
varieties under one specific name, so unlike one another are the extreme forms of de, 
but in a large series of specimens it is frequently difficult, or even impossible, to 


termine to which variety to refer some of them, so intermediate are they in character. — 


The best cinnamon of commerce is the produce of what I consider a cultivated or — 
selected form of var. a, and the trees of this form have usually large leaves of sg 


Lauraceea.) — CEYLON PLANTS. 253 


what irregular shape; but the bark of all the forms of this species possesses the 
odour of cinnamon in a greater or less degree, and it is not always possible to judge 
of the quality of the bark from the foliage, for I have observed the cinnamon-peelers, 
when collecting bark from uncultivated trees, taste a small portion before commencing 
their operations, and pass over some trees as unfit for their purpose. The bark of 
varr. 8 and + is of very inferior quality, and I have been informed is never collected, 
except for the purpose of adulteration. 

A fragrant oil, sold under the name of “ Clove Oil,” is obtained by distillation 
from the leaves of the cultivated Cinnamon-tree, and the roots yield, under a similar 
process, a certain quantity of camphor. The ripe seeds contain some amount of 
stearine, but I cannot learn that it is now extracted for any purposes. 

I strongly suspect that C. obtusifolium, N. ab E. 1. c. p. 88, eum syn.; Wight, 
Ie. t. 139; C. Bazania, N. ab EB. 1.c. p. 36, cum syn.; C. Malabathrum, Batka; 
N. ab E.1.c. p. 38, cum syn.; C. iners, Wight, Ic. tt. 122, 122 bis, 230; and C, 
nitidum, N. ab E.1.¢. p. 43, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 124, will prove to be mere 
forms of the present species. 

2. ©. citriodorum, Thw.; foliis glabris, nitidis, coriaceis, ovatis vel 
oblongis, plus minus obtuse acuminatis, penniveniis vel rarius ad basin 
breviter 3-nerviis, venis inconspicuis ; paniculis multifloris, elongatulis, 
subterminalibus, incano-pilosulis ; lobis perianthii ad basin deciduis.— 
C.P. 393. 

Has. Safragam District and near Galagama, at an elevation of 1000 
to 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Pangaree-kooroondoo-gass.” 

Arbor 20-30-pedalis, dense ramosa, compacta. Ramuli juniores pilosuli. Folia 
14-3 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata; petiolo semipollicari. Pedicelli floribus breviores. 
Fructus oblongus, basi perianthii truncata cyathiformi suffultus. : 

Well distinguished from every form of the preceding species by the venation of 
its leaves and by the truncated cup of the frnit. The bark of this species has much 
of the odour of citronella oil, intermixed with something of the fragrance of common 
cinnamon. : 

3. C. litszeeefolium, Thw. ; foliis glabris, coriaceis, ovato-lanceolatis, 
obtusiusculis, triplinerviis (nervis lateralibus infra medium folii evanes- 
centibus), subtus pallidioribus ; paniculis elongatis, apertis, multifloris, 
subterminalibus, incano-pilosulis ; Jobis perianthii ad basin deciduis.— 
c.P. 392. 

Has. Hapootelle, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kooddoo-kooroondoo-gass.” 

Arbor 50-60-pedalis, versus apicem ramosum. Ramuli juniores pilosuli. Folia 
23-6 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata; petiolo 4-$ poll. longo. Pedicelli floribus lon- 
giores, : 

‘Nearly allied to the preceding, but the larger size and different shape and venation 
of the leaves sufficiently distinguish it. The bark of this species is quite inodorous. 


2. APOLLONIAS, N. ab E. 


1, A. Zeylanica, Thw.; arborea, glabra; foliis 0 itis, oblongis : 
vel oblongo-lanceolatis, parum obtuse acuminatis, valde reticulatis, basi 
angustatis, petiolatis ; paniculis multifloris ; perianthio deciduo.—c.r. 


Has. Central Provinée, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 
Arbor 50-60-pedalis. Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata, petiolo 4-8 lin. 
. Flores \ lin. longi, pallide virides. Fructus cylindrico-oblongus, 8 lin. 
tongs, 8 lin. latus, pedicello incrassato, truncato, 1-2 lin. longo. 
is agrees so well in most respects with the other described species of Apo//onias, 


254 ENUMERATION OF [ Lauracee. 


that the deciduous perianth of the present can scarcely be considered more than a 
specific character. It is evidently very closely allied to Haasia Wightii, Nees. 


3. MACHILUS, Rumph.; Nees. 


1, M. macrantha, N. ab KE. Syst. Laur. p. 174, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. t. 1824.—M. glaucescens, Wight, Ic. t. 1825.—c.p. 2270, (2271.) 

Has. Central and South-western Provinces, at an elevation of 1500 
to 4000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Oolooloo-gass.” 

The timber of this large tree is useful for building purposes. 


4. ALSEODAPHNE, N. ab E. 


1, A. semicarpifolia, N.ab E. Syst. Laur. p.182, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Ic. tt. 1826, 1827.—c.P. 2269. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island; not uncommon. 

Fructus oblongus, 8 lin. longus, 5 lin. latus ; pedicelo incrassato, tuberculato, 
6-10 lin. longo. is 

A very variable plant as regards the size and shape of the leaves. 


5. CRYPTOCARYA, R. Br. 


1. C. Wightiana, Thw.—C. floribunda, Wight, Ic. t. 1829, (non N. 
ab E. fid. Hook. f.)—c.p. 414, (2392.) 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. “Goloo- 
mora-gass. 

Folia subtus ferrugineo-puberula. Fructus subspheericus, nitidus, niger, semi- 
pollicaris. 

A large tree, useful for building purposes. 

2. CG. membranacea, Thw. ; foliis oblongis vel rarius ovato-oblongis, 
abrupte acuminatis, subglabris, membranaceis, utrinque minute promi- 
nentim reticulatis, basi acutis et parum obliquis; paniculis brevibus, 
paucifloris, ferrugineo-tomentellis ; fructibus o longo-ovoideis, ecostatis. 
—c.P. 2701. 

Has. Saffragam District, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-7 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo 3-4 lin. longo. 
Fructus atro-purpureus, circiter 7 lin. longus. 

This would seem, judging from Nees von Esenbeck’s description of his C. amyg- 
dalina, in Syst. Laur. p. 208, to be closely allied to that species, and to differ from 

it principally in having much smaller panicles of flowers. 


6. TETRANTHERA, N. ab E. 
‘8 (Cum Lepidadenia, N. ab BE.) 
_1. T. tomentosa, Roxb. (N. ab E. Syst. Laur. p. 511, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Tc. t. 1834.)—c.p. oars, * m 
- Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet ; common. 
Nom. vulg. “ Kos-badda-gass.” 
, a A ina, N.ab E. Lc. p. .; Wight, Ic. t. 1835. 
a oo a c. p. 513, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic 
Has. Central Province, Macrae. 


Lauraceae.) CEYLON PLANTS, 255 


3. T. Roxburghii, N. ab E. l.c. p- 515, cum syn.—c.p. 2276, 
Has. Very common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Bo-mee-gass.”” 


4. T. nemoralis, Thw.; caule erecto, simplici vel parce ramoso, te- 
rete, fusco-ferrugineo-velutino ; Joliis majusculis, lanceolatis, basi apice- 
que acutis, utrinque (junioribus) fusco- errugineo-villosis, denique su- 
perne subglabris, subtus reticulatis; umbellulis parvis, axillaribus 
caulinisque, fasciculatis, glabris vel sparsissime pilosis.—c.p, 2921. 

Has. Galle District, under the shade of large trees in forests. 

10-12-pedalis. Folia 1-2-pedalia, 24-4 poll. longa, petiolo 4-24 poll. longo. 
Pedunculi 1-2 lin. longi. Umbellule parve, 5-flore. Perianthium 6-partitum, 
lobis deciduis. Fructus subspherricis, apiculatis, 4 lin. in diam., pedicello circiter 1 


lin. longo. 
5. 'T. longifolia, N. ab E. l.c. p: 528, et var. 8B.—c.P. 223, 79, (230, 
417, 587.) 


Var. y; foliis glabris vel subglabris.—c.p. 2274. 
' “x Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 
000 feet. - 


Arbor parva, parce famosa. Fructus sphericus, 3-4 lin. in diam. 


6. T. glaberrima, Thw.; Soltis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, parum 
abrupte acuminatis, minute reticulatis, basi acutis, subtus glaucis : venis 
primariis paucis, multum arcuatis 3; wnbellulis arvis, ax aribus, fas- 

ciculatis, 4-floris; perianthio 6-partito, lobis deciduis; fructibus ob- 
longis.—c.p. 2606. : 

Has. Allagalla, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 
‘ Arbor parva. Folia 2-7 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata, petiolo 4-8 lin. longo. Flores 
101¢C1, 

_ In general appearance closely resembling the last species, from which it is dis- 
tinguished by being glabrous in every part, by its wider leaves with more arcuate 
primary veins, and its differently shaped fruit. f 

7. T. Gardneri, Thw.; arborea; foliis majusculis, trapezoideo- vel 
obovato-oblongis, obtusis, coriaceis, superne glabris, subtus albido- 
tomentellis, basi acutis; inflorescentia axillari, racemoidea, quam 

folium multo breviore, albido-tomentella ; Sructibus subsphericis.— 
©.P. 40, 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. ee 

Arbor 40-50-pedalis. Folia 4-12 poll. longa, 2-6 poll. lata; venis primariis 
parum arcuatis, superne depressis, subtus valde prominentibus ; petiolo 3-13 poll. 
longo. Pedunculi communes 1-3 poll. longi, partiales 2-5 lin. longi. Umbellule 
5-floree. Flores dioici ; pertanthio 6- rarius 4-partito, externe sericeo, interne glabro, 
sped deciduis. Stamina sepissime 9, 8 interiora biglandulosa. Fructus 4-5 lin. 
in diam, é : ‘ 

This would seem to bear«very considerable resemblance to Lepidadenia Wightiana, 

- ab E., but the more numerously veined and oblique leaves of the latter, together 
with its hermaphrodite flowers and more numerous stamens, would appear sufficiently 
to distinguish it. In some of the male flowers, however, of the present plant there 
are, in addition to the nine fertile stamens, two or three central biglandular abortive 
ones, and thus is exhibited a character intermediate between that of Tetranthera and 
that of Lepidadenia, and justifying the suppression of the latter genus. 

8. 'T. iteodaphne, N. ab E. l.c. p. 542.—c.P. 10, (351, 729, 2487.) 

Var. 8; foliis minoribus, anguste lanceolatis, sepe valde acuminatis. 
—C.P. 360. 


256 ENUMERATION OF [ Lauraceae. 


Var. y ; foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, parum acuminatis vel rarius apice 
rotundatis.—c.P. 2605. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, 20-30-pedalis. Folia subtus minute puberula, rarius glabra, 2~6 
poll. longa, }-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Perianthium seepissime 4-partitum, 
lobis deciduis. Stamina sepissime 8, 4 interiora biglandulosa. Fructus oblongis, 
ruber. 

A most variable plant, the extreme forms of which are so very dissimilar in ap- 

ce, that they might well be taken for distinct species ; but they so merge one 
into the other that is impossible to consider them other than varieties. Var. y ap- 
proaches very closely some forms of the next species. 


9. T. ovalifolia.— Lepidadenia ovalifolia, Wight, Ic. t. 1839.—c.P. 
167, (321, 2488, 2489, 2490.) 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

Arbor 30-40-pedalis, ramulis foliisque junioribus atro-violaceis, fagaci-puberulis. 
Folia ovata, oblonga vel ovato-lanceolata, obtusa, basi rotundata vel parwm acuta, 
glabra, subtus pallidiora, 2-6 poll. longa, 1-3 poll. lata, petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. “Pe- 
rianthium 4-8-partitum, lobis deciduis. Stamina 8-16, biserialia, interioribus bi- 
glandulosis, sed seepe numerosiora, valde irregularia confertaque. Fructus subsphe- 
ricus. 

7. ACTINODAPHNE, N. ab E. 


1. A. glauca, N. ab E. Syst. Laur. p. 599.—c.p. 3518, ? 2536. 

Ha lagalla, at an elevation of 7000 to 8000 feet. 

Arbor 20-30-pedalis. Flores fam. fasciculati, 1} lin. longi, externe cum pedi- 
eellis 2 lin. longis ferrugineo-pilosi. Stamina sterilia spathulata, acuta, glabra. 
Fructus subsphericus, basi perianthii aucta parum crenulata snffultus. 


_2. . stenophylla, Thw.; arborea; partibus junioribus inflorescen- 
tiaque ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis ad apicem ramuli subverticillatis, 
5-7-nis, lineari-lanceolatis, obtusis, minutissime reticulatis, penniveniis, 
denique glabris, subtus albo-pruinosis, basi parum angustatis ;,/¢ asciculis 
4-8-fidris, secus ramulum infra folia sparsis ; floribus dioicis ; pedicellis 
SS ope perianthii lobis 6, deciduis ; fructibus spheericis.—C.P- 

> ? 1 

Has. Abundant in the Oovah and Badulla Districts, up to an eleva- 
tion of 3000 feet. 

Arbor 20-80-pedalis. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 3-10 lin. lata, petiolo 2-5 lin. longo. 
Flores 1% lin. longi. Fructus 3 lin. in diam. 

3. A. Moonii, Thw.; arborea; partibus junioribus inflorescentiaque 
ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis ad apicem ramuli subverticillatis, 4-5-ni8, 
lanceolatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, obtusiusculis, ennivenlls, 
_ superne minute reticulatis, subtus albo-pruinosis pilosulis enique gla- 
bris, basi rotundatis vel parum angustatis; floribus fasciculatis, dioicis, — 
brevissime pedicellatis, axillaribus et infra folia secus ramulum sparsis ; 
ructibus sphericis, perianthio 6-lobo vix aucto suffultis.—c.P. 74. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

Arbor 20-pedalis. Ramuli teretes, tomentosi. Folia 14-4 poll. longa, }-1} poll. 
lata, petiolo 14-8 lin. longo. Flores 1} lin. longi. Fructus 3 lin. in diam. 


Nearly allied to 4. molochina, N. ab E., but its penninerved acuminate leaves suf- 


ficiently distinguish it. ; 
4. A. elegans, Thw.; arborea; partibus junioribus inflorescentiaque 
ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis ad apicem ramuli 3-4-nis, lanceolatis, Seppe — 


Lauracee. | CEYLON PLANTS. : 257 


longiuscule acuminatis, superne minute reticulatis, subtus albo-pruinosis,, 
denique nudis, basi parum acutis ; Jloribus dioicis, brevi-pedicellatis, 
fasciculatis, axillaribus et infra folia secus ramulum sparsis ; lobis pe- 
rianthit 6, deciduis ; fructibus sphericis—c.P. 2277. 

Has. Central Province and in the Pasdoon Corle, up to an elevation 
of 3000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 14-4 poll. longa, 3-1 poll. lata, pe¢éolo tenui, 8-5 lin. longo. 
Flores 1% lin. longi. Fructus 4 lin. in diam. 

Differing from the last species, which it greatly resembles, in its narrower and 
more membranaceous leaves, with longer slenderer petioles, and its larger fruit, with 
truncated not lobed cup. 


5. A. speciosa, N. ab E. l.c. p. 602; Wight, Ic. t. 1842.—c.P. 674. 

Var. 8; foliis minus coriaceis, parcius hirsutis, ovato- vel oblongo- 
lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis.—c.P. 3371. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 8000 feet. Var. 8. At 
about 4000 feet. 

Arbor 30-40-pedalis. Fructus subsphericus, perianthii basi truncata aucta ore 
contracta suffultus. 


6. A. molochina, N. ab E. 1. c. p. 603; Wight, Ic. t. 1843.—c.r. 
2272, v. 2373, 
_ Has. Pedrotalagalla, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 
Arbor parva. Fructus sphericus, parum oblatus, 3-3} lin. in diam., perianthio 6- 
lobo vix aucto suffultus. : 


8. DAPHNIDIUM, N. ab E. 


1. D. lancifolium, Thw.; arboreum; partibus junioribus inflores- 
centiaque fulvo-sericeis ; foliis ad apicem ramuli plus minus confertis, 
5-7-nis, lanceolatis, gradatim acute acuminatis, superne levibus vel mi- 
nutissime rugulosis, subtus albo-pruinosis, basi acutis, triplinerviis, 
nervis lateralibus vix ad medium folii attingentibus ; gemmis 3-4-floris, 
4-squamosis, infra folia secus ramulum sessilibus.—c.P. 356. 

B. Hapootelle District, in the Central Province. 
— 2-3 poll. longa, 6-10 lin. lata, petiolo 3-5 lin. longo. Fores subsessiles, 
. longi. 

Apparently nearly allied to D. melastomaceum, N. ab EB. 1.c. p. 607. I have but 
4 single specimen of the present plant, found mixed with some specimens of Aeteno- 
daphne stenophylla, a species it at first sight greatly resembles. 


‘ 


9. LITS HA, Juss. 


1. L, Zeylanica, N. ab E. Syst. Laur. p. 626, cum syn. ; Wight, Ie. 
tt. 132, 1844. An U. oblonga, N. ab E. 1. ‘ p. 672; Wight, Ie. t. 1845 ? 
—C.P, 2281, 3449 (413 partim). ieee ‘ 
Var. 8; foliis firmioribus, glaberrimis, ellipticis vel oblongis, parum 
acuminatis vel valde obtusis; staminibus plus minus pilosis. An L. 
Soliosa, N. ab E. 1. ¢. p. 622?—c.P. 2278, 2280, 72. 
‘Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Var. 8. Up to 
6000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Dawal-kooroondoo-gass. : 
Plants of this speci vary respectively very considerably as regards the size, shape, 
and texture of the leaves, but the character of the venation is very similar in all. 


silky pubescence upon the young ramuli and leaves is in some aad for a 
21 


258 ENUMERATION OF [ Urticacee. — 


considerable period, whilst in others it is exceedingly fugacious. The pruinose 
whiteness of’the under surface of the leaves disappears sooner or later in different 
plants. 


orbicularibus vel late obovatis, ad apicem ramuli confertis, 5-6-nis, tri- 
erg Ba glabris, subtus albido-pruinosis ; petiolo costaque subtus ad 

asin tomentellis ; gemmis florigeris secus ramulum sessilibus, 4-floris ; 
ag rotundatis, externis glabris ciliatis, internis ferrugineo-pilosis. 
—c.P. 2699. a 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Folia $-1% poll. in diam., petiolo 2-34 lin. longo, 

3. Li. fuscata, Thw.; arborea; ramulis, petiolis, foliis subtus inflo- 
rescentiaque ferrugineo-tomentosis ; foliis versus apicem ramuli alternis, 
ovatis vel ellipticis, utrinque parum subabrupte angustatis, triplinerviis ; 
nervis lateralibus ad medium folii vel ultra attingentibus, externe ve- 
nosis.—c.P. 413. tae 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 6000 to 8000 feet. 

Arbor 20-pedalis, Folia 2-4 poll. longa, {-2 poll. lata, superne glabra, petiolo 
5-9 lin. longo. Gemme florigere glomeratz, axillares et infra folia et secus ramulum 
disposite. Flores 14 lin. longi, cum pedicellis subsequilongis, pallide fulvo-pilosi, 
as perianthii deciduis. Fructus. subspheericus, semipollicaris, pedicello 7-8 lin. 

ongo. 


10. CASSYTHA, Linn. 


1. C. filiformis, Linn. (N. ab E. Syst. Laur. p. 642, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. t. 1847.)—c.p. 1923. 
a Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island, especially near 
he sea. 


Lauraceis affines. \ 


1. HERNANDIA, Plum., Blume, Endl. 


1, H. sonora, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. Linn. iv. p. 327, cum syn. ; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1855.)—c.p. 2914, 
4B. Not very uncommon near the seashore in the neighbourhood 
of Galle and Matura. . 


2. GYROCARPUS, Jacq., Endl. 


1. G. Asiaticus, Willd. (N. ab B. Syst. Laur. p. 701, cum syn.)—@ 


ge Roxb. Pl. Corom. i. t. 1.—c.p. 2202. 
4B. Hot, drier parts of the island; not uncommon. 
CXXXIII. URTICACEZA. 


TRIB. URTICEZ. 
1. FLEURYA, Gand. 


" 1. P. interrupta, Gaud. (Weddell, Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 115; cum 


2, L. orbicularis, Thw. ; ramulis junioribus fusco-tomentellis ; foliis 


Urticacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 259 


syn. ; Wight, Ic. tt. 1975, 692.)—Behmeria interrupta, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 
p- 342, cum syn.—c.p. 2186. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Wal- 
kahambillya.” 


2. LAPORTEA, Gandich. 


1. L. terminalis, Wight, Ic. t. 1972; Weddell, Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 
125, cum syn.—c.P. 3336. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

2. L. crenulata, Gaud. (Wedd. 1. c. p. 113, cum syn.; Miquel, Fl. 
Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p. 230.)—Utrica crenulata, Roxb.; Wight, 
Te. t. 686.—c.P. 2200. 

Has. Very common up to an elevation of 5000 feet, in damp forests. 
Nom. vulg. “‘ Maoossa-gass.” 


3. GERARDINIA, Gaudich. 


’ 1. G. Leschenaultiana, Dene. (Wedd. Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 165, cum 
syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1976.)—c.P. 3520. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 6000 feet. 
2. G. Zeylanica, Dene. (Wedd. 1. ¢. p. 166, cum syn. ; Miquel, Fl. 
Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p. 233.)—Urtica heterophylla, Roxb. ; 
ight, Ic. t. 687.—c.P. 2193. 
- Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Gass-kahambillya.” 


4. PILEA, Lindley. 


1, BP. Wightii, Wedd, 1. c. p. 205, cum syn.—P. radicans, Wight, 

Tc. t. 1974 (non Wedd.)—c.v. 2185. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

2. P. trinervia, Wight, Ic. t. 1973; Wedd. 1. c. p. 224, cum syn.— 
P. oreophila, Miquel, 4. c. p. 235, t. 17, eum syn. Urtica trinervia, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 582.—c.r. 2093. 

Has. Common in wet woods, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


3. P. angulata, Blume, Mus, Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 55.—P. stipulosa, 
Miquel, 1. c. p. 236; Wedd. 1. c. p. 230, cum syn. P. hygrophila, Bl, 
le.; Wedd. |. c. p. 264, cum syn.—o.P. 2184. 

Has. Central Province, common at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

A very variable plant ; when growing in very damp shady places it puts on the 
form described under the name of P. stipulosa. 


5. PELLIONIA, Gaudich. 


. P. Heyneana, Wedd. ; Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 287, cum syn.—c.P. 
~ Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 


6. ELATOSTEMA, Forst. 
ny E. lineolatum, Wight, Ic. t. 1984; Wedd. lc. p. 312, a.—c.P. 


260 ENUMERATION OF [ Urticacee. 


Var. 8. majus.—c.P. 2183. 
Var. y. falcigerum.—c.p. 3427. 
- Var. 6. lineare.—c.v. 3426. : 
Has. Very abundant in damp forests, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


2. E. surculosum, Wight, Ic. t. 2091, f. 4.; Wedd. lic. p. 329, cum 
syn.—c.P. 2181, 2182. a 

Has. Very common on the perpendicular surface of damp rocks, in 
forests of the central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 


7. PROCRIS, Comm. 


1. P. levigata, Blume, Bijdr. p. 508; Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. > a 
altera, p. 248, cum syn.— P. Wightiana, Wall.; Wedd. Arch. du Mus. 
ix. p. 336, cum syn.—c.p. 2180, : 

His. Common in forests, on damp rocks and trees, up to an elevation 
of 6000 feet. : 

Flores mase. fasciculati. Fasciculi pluriflori, glabri. Pedicelli 1-14 lin. longi. 
Perianthium 1 \in. longum ; laciniis oblongis, obtusis. Pistil/i rudimentum minutum. 
Flor. fem. pedunculi pallidi, valde succosi. 


8. BEHMERIA, Jacq. 


1, B. Malabarica, Wedd. Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 355, cum syn.— 
Urtica aquatica, Moon’s Cat. p. 62.—c.p. 2198. 

Has. Very common throughout the island. Nom. vulg. “ Maha- 
deya-dool.” 

The bark of this plant is used by the Cinghalese for fishing-lines. 

2. i platyphylla, Don et Ham. (Wedd. 1. ¢. p. 364, cum syn.) a.— 
C.P. 2952. . 

Var. x. macrostachya, Wedd. 1.c.—Splitzgerbera macrostachya, Wight, 
mes 1977.—c.p. 2196. 
‘ Var. pw. Zeylanica, Wedd. 1. c.—c.p. 2197. : 
; Haz. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 
eet. 


9. CHAMABAINIA, Wight. 


js fe ae Wight, Ic. t. 1981; Wedd. lec. p. 387, cum syn.— 
c.P. 2882. : 
Has. Newera Ellia, Mr. W. Ferguson. 


10. POUZOLZIA, Gaudich. 


1. P. auriculata, Wight, Ic. t. 1980, f. 2; Wedd. Arch. du Mus. 
ix. p. 393, cum syn.—P. bicuspidata, Wight, Ic. t. 2098, n. 32.—c.P. 
2191. 

Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

P. elliptica, P. scabra, P. Rheedei, and P. rostrata of Wight’s Tcones are also 
quoted by M. Weddell as either forms or varieties of this species. 


2. P. Indica, Gaud. (Wedd. l. ¢. p. 398, cum syn.)—P. procumbens, 
Wight, Ic. t. 2999, n. 35.—c.P. 2188. - : 0 

Var. 8. alienata, Wedd. 1. c.—P. Zeylanica, Wight, Ic. t. 21 1, 
n. 45.—c.p. 2189, 


é 


Urticacea.} CEYLON PLANTS. 261 


Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

An extremely variable species; and Weddell includes amongst the synonyms of 
the present plant, under its several varieties or forms, P. suffruticosa, P. tetraptera, 
P. Johnsomana, P. pyramidata, P. pilosa, and P. minor of Wight’s Icones, 


ll. HYRTANAN DRA, Miquel. 
Memorialis, Ham. MSS., Weddell. 


1, Hi. Walkeriana, Thw.—Memorialis aquatica, Wedd. Arch. du 
Mus. ix. p. 418 (nee Urtica aquatica, Moon, nec U. verrucosa, Moon). 
Pouzolzia Walkeriana, Wight, Ic. t. 2095, n. 16. P. glabra, Wight, 
lc. n. 15.—o.P. 2192, 3372. 

Has. Common on moist banks, on the margins of woods, ete., up to 
an elevation of 2000 feet. 


2. H.hirta, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p- 261, cum syn.— 
Memorialis hispida, Ham. in Wall. Cat.; Wedd. 1. c. p. 426, cum syn. 

Var. Gardneri, Wedd. 1. c.—Pouzolzia Gardneri, ight, Ic. t. 2092, 
n. 5.—c.P. 2195. 

Var. Bennettiana, Wedd. 1. c.—P. Bennettiana, Wight, Ic. t. 1978. 
—c.P. 2190. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

Var. Gardneri, when growing upon dry banks, has frequently very small leaves, 
not exceeding 3 lines in length, when it closely resembles in appearance the following 
species, H. triandra; and I suspect may in some instances have been distributed by 
ine in lieu of that species, : 

P. ovalifolia, P. tomentosa, P. heterocarpa, ana P. quadrialata, of Wight’s Icones, 
are quoted by Weddell as belonging to this species. 

3. Ei. triandra, Mig. 1. c. p. 262, cum syn.—Memorialis parvifolia, 
Wedd. 1. «. p- 432. Pouzolzia parvifolia, Wight, Ic. t. 2092, n. 1. 
Urtica triandra, Blume, Bijdr. p. 496.—c.r. 2187. 

Has. Newera Ellia. 


12. OREOCNIDE, Miquel. 
Villebrunia, Gaud., Blume. 


1. O. sylvatica, Miquel, Pl. Jungh. i. P 40, cum syn.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 
vol. i. pars altera, p. 270, cum syn.—Villebrunia sylvatica, Blume, 
Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p- 167, t. 15; Wedd. Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 453, 
t. 15 e.—c.p. 2199. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 


13. MOROCARPUS, Sieb. ot Zuce. 
Debregeasia, Gaud., Weddell. 


1. M. longifolius, Blume, l.c. p. 156; Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. 
pars altera, p. 272, cum ayn Dabhegeeita velutina, Gaud.; Wedd. 
Arch. du Mus. ix. p. 460, cum syn. Conocephalus niveus, Wight, Ic. 
t. 1959. Urtica longifolia, Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 197. Urtica verrucosa, 
Moon, Cat. p. 62.—¢.P. 2194. : 

- Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 
3090 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Gass-dool.” 
The Cinghalese make fishing-lines of the bark of this plant. 


262 ENUMERATION OF [ Urticacee. 


2. M. Wallichianus, Thw.—Debregeasia Wallichiana, Wedd. 1. ¢. 
p- 464, t. 14. Urtica leucophylla, Wall. Cat. n. 4607.—c.P. 2201, 

Has. Hantani, in the Central Province. 

Arbor 15-20-pedalis. 


TRIB, ARTOCARPES. 
14. ARTOCARPUS, Linn. 


1. A. nobilis, Thw. (A. pubescens, Moon’s Cat. p. 61: non Willd.) ; 
monoica ; foliis magnis, subglabris, ovatis, brevi-acuminatis, basi obtusis, 
margine grosse crenatis ; venis primaris rectis, parallelis, apice arcuatis ; 
lamina interposita superne prominente et ad marginem folii parum sac- 
cata; amentis squamis orbicularibus stipitatis peltatis puberulis persis- 
tentibus arcte tectis; mase. lineari-cylindricis, fam. oblongo-cylindricis. 
—c.p. 2818. 
~ Has. Not uncommon in the southern and central parts of the island, 
up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Del-gass.” 

Arbor ingens, eximia, 40-50-pedalis. Ramuli juniores teretes, virides, albido- 
punctati, strigoso-scabri, denique bronnei, rugulosi. Folia 6-14 poll. longa, 4-10 
poll. lata, superne nigro-viridia, costa venisque pallidis, subtus pallida, asperula ; pe- 
tiolo eylindrico, minute strigoso, {14 poll. longo, 3 lin. in diam. Stipule nigro- 
virides, externe strigosule, 3 poll. longe. Peduneult 2-84 poll. longi. Amenta 
masc. 3-6 poll, longa, 5-8 lin. in diam, ; fam. breviora, 10-12 lin. in diam. ; flori- 
Jus minutis, numerosissimis, papilleeformibus, parum glandulosis. Fructus oblongus, 
parum nodulosus, papillosus, 6-8 poll. longus, 33-4 poll. latus. Semina subsphe- 
rica, alba, semipollicaria. 

Folia plantarum juniorum vel valde Juxuriantium majora et pinnatifida. 

This fine tree, which has, until now, been confounded with Artocarpus pubescens 
of Willdenow, is evidently quite distinct from that, and apparently from any other 
hitherto described species. The wood is of very good quality, but not considered of 
equal value with that of. Artocarpus integrifolia. The seeds toasted are a favourite 
article of food with the Cinghalese. ; 

2. A. Lakoocha, Roxb, Fl. Ind. iii. p. 524; Wight, Ic. t. 681; Trécul, 
Seng oo Sei. Nat. ser. iii. vol. iii. p. 117; Walpers, Annales, i. 660.— 
c.P. . 

Var. B; foliis utrinque glabris vel subtus ad costam nervosque pube- 
rulis.—-A. Gomeziana, Wail. MSS. Tréc. 1. c. p. 118 ; Walp. —C.P. 
2232 (2463). ' 

Has. Ratnapoora, Gardner. Var. 8. Southern and central parts of 
_ the island, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Canna-gon 
gass. : ; 

Fructus minute velutinus. 

The seeds of this, when toasted, are eaten by the Cinghalese. 

Arrocareus InTeGRrFort, Linn.,is a common tree in native gardens oF where 
native gardens have been, but cannot be considered truly indigenous. The timber 
is very valuable for cabinet and other work; and the fruit is much esteemed as an 
article of diet by the Cinghalese. 


15. CUDRANUS, Rumphius. 


Cudranus e Maclura (Sect. Plecospermum), Miquel. Cudranta, Trécul. 
Maclura (Sect. Leptosura), Blume. Trophis, Willd., partim. 


1. ©. Rumphii, Thw.—C. Bimanus vel Javanus, Javanensis, et Am- 


Urticacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 263 


boinensis, Rumph. Amboin. v. p. 22, tt. 15, 16. C. Amboinensis, Miq. 
Fi. Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p. 290. Cudrania Javanensis, Trécul; 
Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. iii. vol. viii. p. 123 (non Wight, Ic. t. 1961). 
Macelura (Plecospermum) Javanica, Mig. l. e. p. 280. Maclura (Lepto- 
sura) Javanica, Timorensis, et Amboinensis, Blame, Mus. Bot. Lugd. 
Bat. ii. pp. 83, 84, t. 31. Plecospermum cuneifolium, Thwaites, in Hook. 
Journ. of Bot. vi. (1854) p. 303. Trophis spinosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 734 
(partim) ;] Blume, Bijdr. p. 489 (non Roxb.); Wall. Cat. 4641 B, D. 
Batis spinosa, Wall. Cat. n. 4643 B.—c.p. 2526. 
Has. Hot drier parts of the island; not very common. 


16. PLECOSPERMUM, Trécul. 


1. P. spinosum, Tréc. (Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. iii. vol. viii. p. 124; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1963.)—Batis spinosa, Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 763, quoad 
descr. B. aurantiaca, Wall. MSS. in Hort. Cale. Trophis spinosa, 
Heyne, Wall. Cat. 4641 4; an Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 734, partim? 
T. aculeata, Roth, Sp. Nov. p. 368.—c.P. 2212. 

ae Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “‘ Katto- 
timbool.” 


17. ALLA ANTHUS, Thw. 
(Hook. Journ. of Bot. vol. vi. (1854) p. 302.) 


Flores dioici ; mase. in spicis axillaribus unilateralibus pedunculatis 
dense aggregati. Stamina 4, perigonii segmentis opposita, exstivatione 
inflexa. Ovarii rudimentum parvum, conicum, subulatum. Flores fem. 
pauci, cum pluribus abortivis squameformibus intermixti, in capitulis 
globosis axillaribus congesti. Perigonium tubulosum, irregulariter 4- 
fissum. Ovarium liberum, sessile, 1-loculare. Ovulum pendulum, cam- 
pylotropum. Stylus subterminalis, brevis. Stigma elongatum, simplex 
vel rarius secundo breviori comitatum.—Broussonetie valde affine, 


1. A. Seylanicus, Thw. |. c. t. 9 B.—c.P. 2215. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. Nom. 
vulg. ‘ Allandoo-gass.” 3 

Arbor 30-40-pedalis. Ramutli teretes, pilosi, lactescentes. Folia alterna, disticha, 
cordato-lanceolata, acuminata, serrata, pennivenia, pilosula, subtus pallidiora, venosa, _ 
3-4 poll. longa, 1414 poll. lata, ante anthesin simul decidua, petiolo piloso, 3 lin. 
longo. Stipule oblong, acuminate, membranaces, sublieves, striate, oblique, 
decidue, 2 lin. longze, 14 lin. latw. Flor. mase.: Spice \-2% poll. longz, 2 lin. late, 
Ss pedunculo 2-8 lin. longo. Flores fem.: Capitula 4 lin. in diam., brevi- 

unculata, pilosa. its 

A very ols fibre is obtained from the inner bark of this tree, which is used by 
the Cinghalese for a variety of purposes. 


18. ANTIARIS, Lesch. 
Lepurandra, Nimmo. 


1. A. innoxia, Blume, R ia, i. p. 172, t. 54.—A. saccidora, 
Dalz. Hook. Journ. of Bot. iti- (1851) p. 282; Wight, To. t. 1958. 
‘A. toxicaria, Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag. 1. p. 311, t. 17. Lepurandra 
saccidora, Nimmo, Plants of Bombay, p. 193. An A. toxicaria, Lesch., 
varietas P—c.p. 2231. 


264 ENUMERATION OF [ Urticacee. 


Has. Hot drier parts of the island; not uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
“ Ritti-gass.” 
The liber, or inner bark, is carefully removed entire from portions of the trank of 


the proper length, and used by the natives as sacks for containing rice and other 
articles. ‘ 


19. STREBLUS, Lour., Blume. 
Epicarpurus, Blume, olim. 


1. S. asper, Lour. Fl. Cochin. ii. p. 615; Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. 
Bat. ii. p. 79, cum. syn.; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pars altera, p. 278.— 
Epicarpurus orientalis, Bl. Bijar. p. 488 ; Wight, Ic. t. 1961. Trophis 

a, Retz; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 761.—c.p. 2214. 
Ay, Very abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Gatta-nittool.” 


20. TAXOTROPHIS, Blume. 
(Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 77.) 


1, T. Roxburghii, Blume, |. c. p. 78, cum. syn. ; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 
vol. i. pars altera, p. 279.—Epicarpurus spinosus, Wight, Ic. t. 1962 
(partim). FE. Timorensis, Dene. Trophis spinosa, Flor. Ind. iii. p. 762. 
—c.P. 1074. 

Has. Hot drier parts of the island; not uncommon. 

Cotyledones carnose, valde ineequales, quarum major minorem et radiculam brevem 
amplectens. 

2, T. Zeylanica, Thw.—Fpicarpurus Zeylanica, Thw. Hook. Journ. 
of Bot. iv. (1852) p. 1, et vol. iii. t. 11.—c.p. 2218. 

Has. Haragam, near Kandy. 

Frutex ramosus, parce spinosus, 8-10-pedalis. Ramuli puberuli. Folia glabra, 
membranacea, lanceolata vel trapezoideo-lauceolata, obtuse acuminata, mucronulata, 
serrata, minute glanduloso-punctulata. Inflorescentia racemosa; masc. brevis, ob- 
longa, confertiflora ; fam. panciflora, pedicellis fructiferis elongatis et apice incrassa- 
tis; sepalis parvis, demum refluxis, non auctis. Cotyledones subsequales, foliaceee, 
plicato-convolute. Radicula longiuscula. 


21. DORSTENTA, Plum. 


1. D. Indica, Wight, Ic. t. 1964.—c.P. 29 (519). 
Has. Common in damp woods of the Central Province, at an eleva- 
tion of 3000 to 6000 feet. 


22. UROSTIGMA, Gasparr. 
1. U. religiosum, Gasp. (Miquel, Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, 
Som” cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1967.)—Ficus religiosa, Linn. —c-. 


Haz. Common about native temples, being held in great veneration 
by the Cinghalese Buddhists. Nom. vulg. “ Bo-gass.” 

2. U. Arnottianum, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. vi. p. 5645 
Walp. Ann. i. p. 688.—An Ficus lucida, Ait. Hort. Kew. v. p. 485?— 
C.P. 3856. 


Urticacee. ] CEYLON PLANTS. ; 265 


Has. Hot drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “‘ Kappootoo-bo- 
gass.” 


3. U.infectorium, Migq. |. c. p. 566, cum syn.; Walp. 1. c.—Ficus 
infectoria, Willd.; Wight, Ic. t. 665. U. egeirophyllum, Migq. 1. c. 
U. Tjakela, Miq. 1. c. cum syn. U. Ceylonense, Miq. 1. e. p. 690.—c.P. 
2931, 3083. : 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kirri- 
palla-gass.” 


Receptacula brevi-pedunculata vel sessilia. 
The Cinghalese sometimes use the bark of this tree, instead of the areca-nut, to 
chew with their betel. 


4, U. Wightianum, Miq. 1. c.; Walp. l. e.—An U. perseafolium, 

me Walp. 1. c. p. 689 P—c.P. 2223. : 
ar. 8. majus ; foliis majoribus, costulis utrinque 12-14; pedunculis 

receptaculis equilongis vel multo brevioribus.—c.P. 2464, _ 

: Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 

eet. 

Receptacula matura semipollicaria, flavida, plus minus rufescentia, punctata. 

An extremely variable species, aud the foliage of the larger variety very closely re- 
sembles that of the preceding species ; the much larger size of the fruit, however, at 
once distinguishes the present plant. 

5. U. Benghalense, Gasparr. (Mig. |. c. p. 571; Walp. 1. c. p. 691, 
cum syn.)—Ficus Bengalensis, Linn, Amen. F. Indica, Linn. Roxb.— 
C.P, 2225. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, probably not indigenous. Nom. 
vulg. “ Maha-nooga-gass.” 

6. U. tomentosum, Migq. l.c. p. 573.—Ficus tomentosa, Roxb. Fl. 
Ind. iii. Pg ; Walp. l.c.; Wight, Ic. t. 647.—o.P. 2226. 

Has. Trincomalie, Gardner. Bintenne. 


7. U. Mysorense, Migq. l.c. cum yn. ; Walp. l.c. p. 691.—Ficus 
PP gain Roth. Ficus citrifolia, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 1137.—c.P. 
22. 


Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Boonooga-gass.” 

8. U. lacciferum, Mig. ].c. p. 575 ; Walp. 1. c. p. 692.—Ficus lacei- 
Sera, Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 545; Wight, Ic. t. 656.—c.v. 2221. 3 

Haz. Central Province, not uncommon. Nom. vulg. “ Nooga-gass. 

9. U. Tjiela, Mig. lc. p. 580; Walp. l.c. p. 693—Ficus Tiela, 
— Roxb. 1c. p. 549. F. indica, Linn. Syst. Veg. 922. F. amplissima, 
Linn.—c.p. 2537, 2220 (? 2218). 

Has. Central Province. 

There is a noble specimen of this tree in the Royal Botanic Garden, whose branches 
_ Spread over an area of ground 120 feet in diameter. 

10. U. retusum, Miq. |. c. p. 581, cum syn.— JU. nitidum, Migq.1. c. p. 
582, cum syn. U. ovoideum, Mig. l.c. cumsyn. U. pisiferum, Miq. 
lc. p. 580, cum syn.; Walp. l.c. Ficus retusa, Linn. F. nitida, 
Thunb. F. benjaminea, Roxb. 1. c. p. 550. F. pallida, Wall. Cat. n. 
4567.—c.r. 14 (483). 

j Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 
eet. 
2M 


266 ENUMERATION OF [ Urticacee. 


11. U. modestum, Mig. 1. c. p. 586; Walp. l.c. p. 696.—An JU. ner- 
vosi, Miq. 1.c., varietas P—c.P. 2219. 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


23. POGONOTROPHE, Miquel. 


1. P. dasyphylla, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ of Bot. vii. p. 74.—P. 
Zeylanica, Miq. 1.c. p. 75; Walp. Ann. i. p. 701.—c.P. 233, 379. 
B. Central Province, at an elevation of about 4000 feet. 


24. FICUS, Linn., Miquel. 


1. F. asperrima, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 554; Wight, Ic. t. 683—F. 
politoria, Moon’s Cat. p. 74 (non Lam.)—c.p. 2229. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “See- 
wana-maddeya-gass.” 

The leaves are in general use amongst native cabinet-makers as a substitute for 
fine sand-paper. 

2. P. cinerascens, Thw. ; foliis coriaceis, ellipticis vel oblongis, ob- 
tuse brevissime acuminatis, 9- to 12-costulatis, reticulatis, superne gla- 
bris, nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, punctato-asperulis, basi subtrinerviis, 
rotundatis vel parum angustatis; peduwnculis axillaribus, sepius soli- 
tariis, petiolo brevioribus; receptaculis majusculis, sphericis, scabris, 
sepe brevi-stipitatis, 3-bracteatis, pedunculo subequilongis.—c.P. 2562. 

4B. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Wal-gona-gass.’ 

Arbor ingens. Ramuli teretes (sicci suleati), asperuli. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 
13-3 poll. lata (sicca cinereo-viridia), petiolo asperulo, 6-12 lin. longo. Receptacula 
ping Flores monoici. Perigonium 5-phyllum. Stigma valde elongatum, 

um. - 


3. P. heterophylla, Roxb. |. c. p. 532; Wight, Ic. t. 659 ; a4. Hook. 
Lond. Journ. of Bot. vii. p. 231, cum syn.—F. elongata, Mig. |.c. ; 
Walp. Ann. i. p. 712. F. subpandureformis, Miq. 1.c. p. 235; Walp. © 
l. ¢. p. 714.—c.p. 2228, ° ” 

Has. Common in damp shady places. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-ahattoo. 

4. F. parasitica, Konig ; Miq. 1. c. p. 433, cum syn.; Walp. l.¢. P 
718.—F. Ampelos, Keen. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 553. _F. pervia, Miq. 
l.c. F. euspidifera, Miq. l.¢. cum syn.; Walp. l.c. F. uniglandulosa, 
Wall. Cat. 4479. F. se hylla, Roxb. lc. p. 546 P—c.p. 2227. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“* Gass-nettool.” 

5. F. disticha, Blume, Bijdr. p. 458; Migq. 1. c. p. 440; Walp. lc. 
p. 721.—c.P. 2224, 3116. 

Haz. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 
5000 feet. 


6. F. diversiformis, Miq. l.c. p. 441; Walp. l.c.—F. stipulata, © 
Moon’s Cat. p. 74 (non Thunb.)—c.p. 2217. 
Has. Very common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 


25. COVELLIA, Gasparr. 


vr C. oppositifolia, Gasparr.; Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of i : 
vil. p. 461, cum syn.; Walp. Ann. i. p. 728,—C. Demonum, Mig. !. © 


Urticacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 267 


cum syn.; Walp.l.c. C. Assamica, Miq.1.c. p. 464; Walp.Le. C. 
dasycarpa, Miq. |. c. p. 465; Walp. l.c. p. 729. Ficus oppositifolia, 
Willd. ; Wight, Ic. t. 638. F. Demonum, Vahl.—c.p. 2230. 

Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
 Kota-dimboola-gass.”’ 


2. C. glomerata, Mig. l.c.; Walp. l.c.—Ficus glomerata, Willd. ; 
Roxb. Pl. Corom. ii. t. 123; Wight, Ic. t. 667.—c.P. 3305. 

Has. Common on the banks of rivers, up to an elevation of 2000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Atteekka-gass.” 


TRIB. CELTIDEA. 
26. ULMUS, Linn. 


1. U. integrifolia, Roxb. Pl. Corom. i. t. 78; Wight, Ic. t. 1968.— 
Holoptelea integrifolia, Planch. Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. iii. vol. x. p. 
266.—c.P. 2381. 

Has. Hot drier parts of the island. 


27. CELTIS, Tourn. 
Sectio Sponioceltis, Planch. 


1. CG. dysodoxylon, Thw.; partibus junioribus ferrugineo-pilosis ; 
foliis integris vel rarius obscure sinuato-dentatis, ovatis, plus minus ab- 
rupte acuminatis, firmis, trinerviis, glabris, basi parum obliquis angus- 
tatisque, costa venisque subtus puberulis ; eymis brevibus, paucifloris, 
age gage ; drupis parvis, subsphericis, parum acuminatis.— 
c.P. 2563. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
** Gooranda-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris. Folia superne levia, intense viridia, subtus pallidiora, incon- 
spicue venosa (sicca fuscescentia), 24-34 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, petiolo 13-3 
lin. longo. Flores 5-meri, interne ad basin dense pilosi. Ovariwm versus apicem 
ferrugineo-strigosum. Stigmata elongata, acutata. 

The freshly cut timber of this tree possesses a powerful and very disgusting odour. 


Sectio Solenostigma, Planch. 


ene Wightii, Planch. l.c. p. 307; Wight, Ic. t. 1969.—c.P. 50 
Has. Not uncommon in the hot drier parts of the island. 


28. SPONTA, Comm. 


1. S. orientalis, Planch. Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. iii. vol. x. p. 323.— 
Celtis orientalis, Linn. Fl. Zeyl. p. 176 (exel. syn. partim). 

Has. Common on the banks of rivers and on cleared ground. Nom. 
vulg. “‘ Gadoomba-gass.” 


29. GIRONNIERA, Gaudich. 


Nematostigma, Planchon. Helminthospermum, Thw. 


1. G. subsequalis, Planch. Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. iii. vol. x. p. 339; 
Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. ii. p. 73, t. 25. 


268 ENUMERATION OF [EHuphorbiacee. 


Var. 8. Ceylanica, Planch.— Helminthospermum scabridum, Thw. in 
Hook. Journ. Bot. vi. (1854) p. 302, t. 9 C.—c.P. 716. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


_ 2. G. reticulata, Thw. ; partibus junioribus fugaci-adpresso-pilosis ; 
foliis ovatis vel oblongis, plus minus abrupte longiuscule acuminatis, 
minutissime prominentim reticulatis, penniveniis, superne glabris, sub- 
tus parum asperulis ; s¢ipwlis lanceolatis, pilosis, fere ad apices in uni- 
cam intra-axillarem connatis, deciduis ; FLOR. asc. in paniculis parvis 
axillaribus vel secus ramulum juniorem infra folia dispositis ; FLOR. F@M. 
solitariis, axillaribus, pedicellatis ; drupis glabris, ovoideis, parum com- 
pressis, _— attenuatis.—c.P. 2565. 

Has. Badulla District, not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
Arbor 30-40-pedalis. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata (sicca rufescentia), 
petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Inflorescentia subglabra. Flores parvi, 5-meri; sepalis 


rotundatis, obtusis. Drupa 6 lin. longa, 4 lin. lata, stigmatibus multo brevioribus 
coronata, : 


CXXXIV. EUPHORBIACE. 


TRIB. UNIOVULAT,. 


Sect. 1. Evpnorsizx 3 floribus involucratis, pedicellatis, nudis vel 
perianthii rudimento suffultis. 


1. EUPHORBIA, Linn. 


., 1. B. antiquorum, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 881; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 
n. p. 468; Wight, Ic. t. 897; Rheede, Hort. Mal. ii. p- 81, t. 42.)— 
c.P. 2944, 
Has. Common in the hot drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Dalook-gass.” : 
“2. oA gee Rottler, (Wight, Ic, t. 898.)—An precedentis varietas ? 
—c.P. 2943, 
Has. Similar situations with the preceding, and perhaps only a 
variety of it. Nom. vulg. “ Seenook-gass,” 
3. E. Tiruealli, Linn. (Willd: 1. c. p.890; Roxb. lc. p- 470; Rheede, 
lc. ii. t. 44.)—c.p, 2945. 
Has. Near the seashore. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Nawa-handee.” 
The milky juice of this plant is much employed as a medicine by the Malaburs. 
4. E. nereifolia, Linn. (Willd. 1. c. p. 884, cum s .;, Roxb. l.c. p. 
467; Rheede, 1. c. p. 83, t. 43.) . ue 
Has. Colombo, Moon. Nom. vulg. “ Patook-gass.” 
T have never met with this plant truly wild in the island. 
5. BE. hypericifolia, Linn. (Willd. 1. c. p. 895.)—L. parviflora, Linn. ; 
Willd. 1. c. p. 898; Roxb. Le. p: 472. te E. vt tae lume, Bijdr. 


p. 634? Tithymalus erectus, etc., Burm. Thes, Zeyl. p. 224, t. 105, f. 2. 
—Cc.P. 2125. 


Has. Very abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Ella-dadakeeriya.” 
Tota planta, in meis speciminibus, plus minus hirsutula. 


Euphorbiaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 269 


‘ 


6. E. rosea, Retz, Obs. iv. p. 26; Willd. 1. c. p. 895.—/. satureoides, 
Lam.—c.p. 2126, 2129. 
_ Has. Very common near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ Moodoo-dadakee- 
riya.” 
7. &. Burmanniana, Gay.—E. thymifolia, Roxb. (Linn., Willd. 
partim). Tithymalus humilis, ete., Burm. 1. c. t. 105, f. 3.—c.P. 2128. 


Has. Very abundant in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. “ Bin-dada- 
keeriya.” : 


8. EB. Chameesyce, Linn. (Willd. l.c. p. 899.)—E. uniflora, Roxb. 
Le. p. 473.—c.P. 3655. 
Has. Trincomalie, Rev. S. O. Glenie. 
9. E. bifida, Hook. et Arn. Bot. Beech. p. 213.—2E. halophila, 
Miquel.—c.p. 2131. 
AB. Not uncommon near the seashore. 
Folia integerrima, glauca. Involucri foliola glandulas vix excedentia 


10. E. fimbriata, Roth ; annua, herbacea, prostrata, villosula ; Soliis 
Soi ovatis vel ovato-rotundatis, obtusis vel subacutis, serrulatis, 
oblique cordatis, brevi-petiolatis ; floribus inter folia ad apices ramorum 
conferta nidulantibus ; pedwnculis brevibus, solitariis ; involueri folio- 
lis longiuscule laciniato-fimbriatis, laciniis pilosis ; glandulis_parvis, 
transverse oblongis.—c.P. 3568. 

Has. Gunner’s Quoin, in the Batticaloa District. 

Folia 24-6 lin. longa, 2-34 lin. lata. Involucrum brevi-campanulatum, foliolis 
radiantibus, 2 lin. in exp., albidis, rufescentibus. Capsula villosula. 


ll. E. pilulifera, Linn. (Willd. 1. ¢. p. 897.)—2. hirta, Roxb. 1. ¢. p. 
472. (Linn., Willd., quoad plantas Zevianiesa:) Tithymalus botryoides, 
ete., Burm. |. c. pp. 223, 224, t. 104 et t. 105, f. 1.—c.p. 3337. 

Has. Very abundant in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. ‘ Boo-dada- 
keeriya.” 

12. E. Rothiana, Spr. (Wight, Ic. t, 1864.)—#. deta, Roth (non 
Ait.). FE. glauca, Roxb. 1. ¢. p- 473 (non Willd.). £. oreophila, Miq. 
E. lanceolaria, Herb. Heyne.—qp. 2124. 

Has. Very common up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 


Sect. 2. Hippomanen; Hloribus spicatis vel subspicatis, arcte bractea- 
tis ; perianthio uniseriali, segmentis in estivatione imbricatis, vel plus 
minus imperfecto. 

2. SAPIUM, Jacq. 
1. S. Indicum, Willd. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 692; Wight, Ic. t. 

1950.)—o.p. 2946. 


Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Kirri-makooloo- 
gass.” 


3. EXCGECARIA, Linn. 


1. EB. Agallocha, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 864; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 
P. 756; Wight, Ic. t. 1865 B.)—c.P. 2169. - , 3 
Has. Very common near the sea. Nom. vulg. “ Tellakeeriya-gass. 

_ ,, 2. E. oppositifolia, Jack in Calc. Journ. of Nat. Hist. iv. p. 386; 
Walp. Ann. i. p. 621.—Z. crenulata, Wight, Ic. t. 1865 A.—c.P. 2523. 


270 ENUMERATION OF [| Euphorbiaceae. 


Has. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 
6000 feet. 


4. MICROSTACHYS, A. Juss. p 
1, M. Chamelea, A. Juss.—Tragia Chamelea, Linn.; Willd. Sp. 


Pl. iv. p. 326, cum syn.; Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 577.—o.P. 2182. 
Has. Very common amongst grass. Nom. vulg. “ Rat-pittawaakka.” 


5. FALCONERIA, Royle. 
1. F. insignis, Royle, Him. Illust. ?; 354, t. 98, f. 2.—Var. ovario 
c. 


triloculari.—F. Malabarica, Wight, 1c. t. 1866.—c.P. 654. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


Sect. 3. Acatypurx; floribus mase. perianthio uniseriali, segmentis 
in estivatione valvatis; flor. fem. perianthio uniseriali vel sub-bi- 
seriali, seqmentis in estivatione sepissime imbricatis. 

* Monoice. 


6. DALECHAMPIA, Plum. 


1. D. bidentata, Blume, Bijdr. p. 632; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i. 
ars altera, p. 417.—D. Indica, Wight, Ic. t. 1882. D. velutina, Wight, 
ce. t. 1881.—c.P. 2170. 


Has. Gonagama, on the Lower Badulla road from Kandy; not 


common. 


My specimens appear to be intermediate in character between Dr. Wight’s D. 
Indica and D, velutina, and agree very well with Blume’s description. The analy- 
sis of the male’ flower in both Dr. Wight’s figures is incorrect, the filaments being 
represented as free to the base, instead of cohering into a central column. 


7. TRAGIA, Plum. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Wel-kahambilleya.”) 

1. T. cannabina, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv.-p. 326; Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 575. 
—c.P. 3569. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

2. T. involucrata, Willd. l.c. p. 324; Roxb. l.c. p. 576, cum syn. 
c.P. 2099, 2100, 2951. 

Var. 8. montana; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, cordatis.—c.P. 3519. 

Has. Very common. Var. 8. Newera Ellia. : 

An extremely variable species, and I suspect that the preceding is but a form of it. 


8. ADENOCHLZENA, Boivin: 


In Baillon’s Etude des Euph. p. 472. Symphyllia, Baill. 1. c. p. 473. 
_Centrostylis, Baill. 1. ¢. p. 469. 
1, A. Zeylanica, Thw.—Centrostylis Zeylanica, Baill. 1. c. p- 470.— 
c.p. 396, 2111. 
Has. Rambodde and Happootelle, in the Central Province, at a7 
elevation of 4000 to 5000 feet. 


Frutex suberectus, parce ramosus, partibus junioribus pubescentia stellata albida 


Euphorbiaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 271 


tectis. Rami elongati, debiles. Folia oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, basi lata, trun- 
cata vel subcordata, trinervia, 3—7 poll. longa, 1-3 poll. lata, petiolo 4-3 poll. longo. 
Stipule subreniformes. FLORES Masc. parvi, ad apicem pedunculi dense agglomerati. 
Stamina 4-5, sepalis alterna, filamentis ad basin pistilli rudiment. columnaris in- 
sertis, eestivatione incurvis, denique suberectis, antheris extrorsis. FiLor. r@M. ad 
basin pedunculi, 1-8, singuli seepe pedicello proprio, brevi, floribus mase. paucis 
cincto. Sepala 5-6, lanceolata. Ovarium pilosum. Stylus 3-lobus, majusculus, 
deciduus, lobis copiose profundeque laciniatis. Calycis fructiferi aucti segmenta 
pectinato-laciniata ; /aciniis longis, setaceis, apice incrassatis purpureisque. Capsula 
3-loba, parum depressa, coccis rotundatis. Semina subspherica, 2 lin. in diam., 
brunneo nigroque marmorata. 

As M. Baillon’s description of this plant, the type of his genus Centrostylis, is 
incorrect, having been derived probably from imperfect specimens, I have thought it 
best to describe it here pretty fully. 


9. ACALYPHA, Linn. 


1. A. Indica, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 523, cum syn.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 

iii, p. 675 ; Wight, Ic. t. 877.—c.P. 2098. 
aB. Very common in cultivated ground. Nom. vulg. “ Kooppa- 
maineya.” 

2. A. betulina, Willd. 1. c. p. 522.—An A. capitata et A. alnifolia, 
Willd. 1. c. p. 525 P—c.v. 2094. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 

3. A. hispida, Willd. 1. c. p. 523.—c.P. 2092, 2097. 

Haz. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

4. A. ciliata, Forsk. (Willd. 1. c. p. 522; Roxb. 1. e. p. 676.)—A. lan- 
ceolata, Willd. 1. c. p. 524, cum syn.—c.P. 2095. : 

Has. Not very uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 

5. A. Wallichii, Thw. ; herbacea, ramosa, pilosula ; fo/iis ovato-lan- 
ceolatis, dentatis, basi rotundatis, longe petiolatis ; inflorescentia mase. 
axillari, spiciformi ; fwm. terminali, paniculata, rarius axillari, spici- 
formi ; FLOR. FEM. sepalis 5.—A. racemosa, Wall. Cat. n. 7784. Welia 
Capameni, Rheede, Hort. Mal. x. p. 165, t. 83.—c.P. 2096 (2459). 

as. Damp, shady places, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Folia 1-6 poll. longa, 3-4 poll. lata, petiolo 3-5 poll. longo. Capsula glandulosa. 

Semina subspherica, minutissime reticulata. 


** Dioice. 
10. CLAOXYLON, A. Juss. (non Wight). 
Erythrochilus, Reinw., Blume. Micrococca, Bentham. 


1. C. Mercurialis, Thw.— Micrococca Mereurialis, Benth. in Hook. 
‘FL Nigrit. p. 503. Tragia Mercurialis, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 324; 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 576.—c.P. 3310. ’ 

Has. Very common in cultivated ground. 

2. CG. longifolium, Baillon, Etude des Euphorb. p. 493.—2Hrythro- 
chilus longifolius, Blume, Bijdr. p. 616.—c.P. 2102, 2499. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Frutez ramosus. Folia lanceolata, utrinque angustata, parce glanduloso-denticulata, 
3-8 poll. longa, 3-13 poll. lata, seepe cyanescentia, pefio/o apice superne glanduloso- 


* 


272 ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiacee. 


denticulata, 4-3 poll. longo. Pedunculi axillares, solitarii.. Glomeruli secus rachin 
seepissime valde elongatam sparsi, hispidi; MASc. stipitato-glandulosi. FLor. masc, 
Stamina 12-15, glandulis stipitatis 5-6-radiatis intermixta ; ji/amentis brevibus ; 
antheris albidis. Capsula pilosa. 

The present genus is at once distinguished from Rotélera by its stamens being in- 
termixed with stalked glands; and by the linear squamule adpressed to the ovary, 
within and alternating with the calyx-segments. 


11. CLEIDION, Blume. 


1. ©. Javanicum, Blume, Bijdr. p. 613? ; Wall. Cat. n. 7718.— 
©.P. 656 (2104). ; 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“* Okooroo-gass.” 

Anther@ transverse dehiscentes. Semina spherica, 4-5 lin. in diam. ; testa ossea. 


12. SPATHIOSTEMON, Blume. 


Adelia, Schreb., Mig., Roxb. (partim), Wight (ton Linn.). 
Hematospermum, Wall., Lindley.’ 


1, S. Javense, Bl. Bijdr. p. 622.—Var. 8; capsula levi vel sub- 
levi.—S. salicinum, Zoll. et Moritz; Baill. Et. des Euph. p. 293. 
Adelia neritfolia, Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 840 ; Wight, Ic. t. 1868; Miquel, 

* Fi. Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p. 389. Haematospermum neriifolium 
_et H. riparium, Wall. Cat. n. 7953, ete—o.r. 651. 

Has. Very common on the banks of rivers, where it is frequently, 
submerged ; up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

I can find no sufficient character to separate, except as a mere variety, the present 
common Indian and Ceylon plant from Blume’s species, for a specimen of which 
latter I am indebted to M. Binnendijk, of the Java Botanic Garden. 


i 13. TREWIA, Linn. 


__ 1. T. nudifiora, Linn. (Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 837, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. tt. 1870, 1871.)—Rotilera Indica, Willd. ; Blume, Bijdr. p. 607; 
Wall. Cat. n. 7817 B.—o.r. 2930. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 


14. ROTTLERA, Roxb. 


1. R. tetracocea, Roxb. Fi. Ind. iii. p. 826.—c.r. 2118. 
Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. valg. “ Boo- 
kanda-gass.” 


2. R. rhombifolia, Thw.—R. dicocca, Roxb. l.c. p. 829 (excl. 8 n.). 
Soc emrokan, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 555; Moon’s Cat. p. 65.— 
Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 
_ Frutex vel arbor parva, subscandens, partibus junioribus i ti we 
7 irva, subs * junroribus inflorescentiaque Pp 
centia stellata ochraceis. Folia 1}-4 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. e creberrime tram8-— 
ee plus minus stellato-pilosa, disculis albidis nitentibus oo Co 
persa ; petiolo eylindrico, piloso, 2 poll. longo. Flores numerosi. Capsule cocci 
rotundati. Semina pred rufo-nigra, 2 lin, in diam. 


Euphorbiacee.) CEYLON PLANTS. 273 


8. R. tinctoria, Roxb. Cor. Pl. ii. t. 168; Willd. l.c. p. 832; Roxb. 
FI. Ind. iii. p. 827, cum. syn.—Croton coccineum, Vahl; Willd. 1. c. p. 
544. An C. punctatum, Retz; Willd. 1. c. p. 546 P—c.p. 2103. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Hamparandella-gass.” 


4. R. oppositifolia, Blume, Bijdr. p. 608.—Plagianthera oppositi- 
Solia, R. et Zoll.; Baill. Etude des Euph. p. 424.—o.r. 196 (2106). 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Fruterx vel arbor parva, partibus junioribus pubescentia stellata ochraceo-fuscis, 
Folia ovato-lanceolata, utrinque angustata, acuminata, trinervia, 2-10 poll. longa, 
subtus disculis aureis nitentibus parce conspersa, venis venulisque prominentibus, 
petiolo 4-3 poll. longo. Capsula 8- vel 4-cocca, levis, stellato-pubescens, coccis 
subspheericis. 

5. R. fuscescens, Thw.; glabra, partibus junioribus, inflorescentia 
foliisque subtus disculis adpressis plus minus rufescentibus creberrime 
conspersis; foliis oppositis, ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, penniveniis 
vel aliquando sub-trinerviis, subtus venulis parum "ie aia 3 cap- 
sula 3- vel 4-cocca, sparse glandulosa, coccis subsphericis.—c.P. 2105. 

Haz. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 1-8 poll. lata, basi parum angustata ; petiolo 
3-1} poll. longo, apice obscure biglanduloso, 


6. R. muricata, Thw.—Claorylon muricatum, Wight, Ic. t. 1886. 
An Rottlere awreo-punctate, Dalz. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. ii. 
(1851) p. 122, varietas P—c.p. 2108. : 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva, subglabra. Folia apposita, cuneato-obovata, rostrato-acuminata, 
grosse sinuato-dentata vel rarius subintegra, subtus disculis aureis vel rufescentibus 
creberrime conspersa, 2—7 poll. longa, 1-3 poll. lata, petio/o 4-1 poll. longo. Cap- 
sula 3-cocca, echinulis subglabris teretibus flexilibus prope basin articulatis cadu- 
cisque munita. 
nia R. digyna, Thw.—Claozrylon digynwm, Wight, Ic. t. 1884.—c.P. 

Has. Caltura. 


Arbor parva. Folia subtus disculis rufescentibus ereberrime conspersa, prope 
basin biglandulosa. 


8. R. eriocarpa, Thw. ; pubescens ; foliis oppositis, oblongo-lanceo- 
latis, integris vel parum undulatis, trinerviis, subtus disculis aureis 
nitentibus parce conspersis, basi rotundatis vel subcordatis ; capsula 
3-coeca, echinulis plurimis patentim pilosis vestita, coccis subsphericis. 
Croton montanum, Herb. Wi ht; Wall. Cat. n. 7820 A.—c.r. 2112. 

. Hot, drier parts of the island, not very common. 

Frutex, pubescentia stellata ochraceo-fulva plus minus tomentosus. Folia 2-8 
poll. Jonga, 1-4 poll. lata, petiolo }-2 poll. longo. For. masc. Alabastra conica. 
Stamina numerosa, connectivo non producto. FLor. Fra@M. Ovarium staminibus 
sterilibus plurimis cinctum. Sty/i Jodi 8, mediocres, interne valde plumosi. — 

Wallich’s plant, from Penang, has the staminal filaments hairy, whilst in the 
Ceylon plant they are glabrous; but in other respects the two plants appear to 
agree perfectly. : 


15. PODADENTIA, Thw. (gen. nov.). 


. Ftor. masc. Stamina numerosa, glandulis parvis oblongis plurimis 
intermixta. Fror. ram. Fructus indehiscens, carnosus, oo vel 
N 


274 é ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiacee. 


‘ 


sepius abortu 1- vel 2-spermus. Semina arillo copioso integro carnoso 
vestita.—Czteroquin ut in Rottlera. 

1, P. sapida, Thw.— Rotilera (Stylanthus) Thwaitesii, Baillon, Etude 
des Euphorb. p. 426.—c.r. 3428. 

Has. Ambagamowa and at Marai-Calai, near Ratnapoora, at an ele- 
vation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 

Arbor ingens, partibus junioribus fulvo-tomentosis. Folia integra, obovata, breve 
et abrupte acuminata, pennivenia, eglandulosa, superne glabra, costa venisque pilosis, 
subtus pilosa, basi plus minus angustata, 5-10 poll. longa, 24-5 poll. lata, petiolo 
cylindrico, tomentoso, $-2 poll. longo. Inflorescentia terminalis, paniculata, fulvo- 
tomentosa, glandulis stipitatis rubris creberrime conspersa. Yores rubri; MASc. 
seeus racheos ramos dense fasciculati; alabastris acuminatis. Fior. ram. Styli 
Joti 3, longiusculi, subulati, contorti, interne stigmatosi. Fructus subspheericus, 
rufescens, glandulis majusculis stipitatis dense echinulatus, gah (eH Ag Semina 
oblonga, 8-9 lin. longa, 4-5 lin. lata; testa ossea, brunnea. A/bwmen copiosum. 
Arillus albidus, sapidus. 

The fleshy aril of the seed of this fine tree has an agreeable flavour, but I cannot 
learn that the Cinghalese eat it; the plant, however, being scarce and occurring in 
little-frequented localities, is probably known to but few of the natives. 


16. MACARANGA, Dup. Th. 


1. M. tomentosa, Wight, Ic. t. 1949-1.—c.p. 2171. 
. Sais abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
6 -gass.” 


Sect. 4. Croronrn ; floribus masc. et fam. perianthio biseriali vel sub- 
biseriali, segmentis imbricatis. 
* Floribus apetalis. 
+ Perianthii lobis 5, quorum 2 minores, interni. 


17. GELONIUM, Roxb. 


1, G. lanceolatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 832; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 3 
831; Wight, Ic. t. 1867.—G. bifarium, Willd. l.c. p. 831. An Roxb. 
le. p. 830? An G. fasciculatum, Roxb. 1. c. p- 8822 An Erythro- 
carpus glomerulatus, Blume, Bijdr. p. 604 ?—c.P. 2101. 

Var. 8 ; foliis minoribus et vind minus angustioribus, seepe aculeato- 
dentatis ; floribus minoribus, denique ad apicem ramorum brevium 
racheos bifarii dispositis—An ZErythrocarpus spicatus, Blume, Bijdr. 
p- 604 P—c.p. 695, 252. 

Has. Common in rather open forests, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

A very variable plant ; and all the specimens I have seen of the genus, from diffe- 
rent and distant parts of India, might with safety be referred, I think, to one species. 


tt Perianthii verticillis dimeris. 
18. CHAATOCARPUS, Thw. 


Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. vi. (1854) p. 300. Baill. Etude des Euphorb. p. 323. 

(Nom. vulg. “ Haddoka-gass,””) ve 

Stamina sepissime 8, biserialia, dimidio inferiore coalita et pistilli 
rudimentum cingentia. 


Euphorbiacee.| _ CEYLON PLANTS, ~ O75 


1, C. castanocarpus, Thw.—C. pungens, Thw. l.c. p. 301 (excl. 
descrip. fruct.), t. 10 A, fig.1-4. Adelia castanocarpa, Roxb. FI. Ind. 
iii. p. 848; Wall. Cat. n. 7984. Casearia ?coriacea, Wall. Cat. n. 
7196.—c.P. 2641. 

Var. 8; pubescens ; ramulis foliisque subtus plus minus hispidis.— 
e.p. 3013. 

Has. Common in the Ratnapoora and Ambagamowa Districts.— 
Var. 8. Pasdun Corle. 

Flores 2-24 lin. longi. Capsula subspheerica, semipollicaris, aculeis rigidis fra- 
gilibus reflexe setulosis ochraceo-rufescentibus dense tecta; putamene mediocri. 

2. C. coriaceus, Thw. ; foliis valde coriaceis, glabris, oblongis, brevi- 
acuminatis, superne lzvibus, subtus parce venosis, basi acutis ; capsula 
muricata, sparse strigosa.—C. pungens, Thw. l.c., quoad descrip. fruct. 
et fig. 6-9.—c.P. 1025. * 

as. With the preceding species, and equally common. 

Arbor mediocris, ramu/is subglabris. Folia 3-6 poll. longa, 14-3 poll. lata, 
petiolo 8-5 lin. longo. Fasciculi multiflori, minute tomentosi. Fores 1-14 lin. 
longi. Filamenta pilosa. Capsula ovoidea, obscure trigona, apiculata, 8 lin, longa; 
putamine osseo, 1 lin. in crass. 

This very much resembles the preceding species; but the leaves of the present 
plant are much more coriaceous in texture, the flowers are smaller and on rather 
longer pedicels, and the capsule is very different. The timber of both is hard, and 
useful for building purposes. 


ttt Perianthii verticillis trimeris. 


19. MISCHODON, Thw. 
Hook. Journ. of Bot. vi. (1854) p. 299. Baillon, Etude des Huphorb. p. 335. 
1. M. Zeylanicus, Thw. 1. c. p. 300, t. 10 B.—c.P. 557. 
- Has. Hantani, Gardner; Ooma Oya, on the Lower Badulla Road 
from Kandy ; not common. 
- Fior, ram. Stylus 8-partitus, /obis brevibus, reflexis, apice rotundato-dilatatis. 


** Perianthii verticillis 4—5-meris, interiore petalino, aliquando in flor. fem. 
minutissimo, vel nullo. 


+ Monoice. 


20. CROTON, Linn. 


_L. CG. lacciferum, Linn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1915 (excl. syn. aliq.)—Aleu- 
rites lacciferus, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 590. Croton foliis ovatis, ete., Fl. 
Zeyl. n. 344. Ricinoides aromatica arbor, ete., Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 
201, t. 91.—c.p. 2117. 
Has. Very common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
Gass-kappiteya.” ; 
The lac obtained from the old trees of this species is employed by the Cinghalese 
for medicinal and other purposes. 
__ 2. G. aromaticum, Linn. (Willd. 1. c. P 549, cum CN po C. Mo- 

luccanum, Willd. l. c. p. 551 (excl. syn.)? Croton foliis cordatis, etc., 
Fi. Zeyl. n. 345.—c.p. 2116. : 

Has. Abundant in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Wel- 

kappiteya.” 


“ 


276 ENUMERATION OF [ Huphorbiacee. 


A precedente, cui valde affinis, differt ramudis elongatis debilibus; foliis minus 
Pilosis et seepius aperte cordatis ; capsula majore elongatioreque, pilis stellatis parce 
conspersa, 

The present plant bears considerable resemblance to Roxburgh’s Croton drupa- 
ceum ; but, besides other differences, the fruit of the latter is much larger and more 
__ hairy, and the lateral nerves of its leaves form a much more acute angle with the 
costa. 


3. C. Klotzschianum, Wight, Ic. t. 1914.—c.P. 2113. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hot, drier parts of the island. 

Frutex vel arbor parva, partibus junioribus dense stellato-pubescentibus. Folia ob- 
longo-lanceolata, acuminata, denique subglabra, incurvo-denticulata, ereberrime trans- 
Incenti-punctulata, 14-4 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata, petiolo 3-15 lin. longo, glandulis 
disciformibus ad apicem subsessilibus. Capsu/a parum depressa, triloba, 4 lin. in 
diam., denique glabra. 

I think this must be Dr. Wight’s plant, as it agrees very well with his figure and 
short description. It is very closely allied to the two preceding species, from which 
it is best distinguished by its smaller, and at length glabrous, leaves and capsule ; 
and by the latter being distinctly trilobed instead of subsphecrical. 


4, ©. Moonii, Thw.; foliis scabris, oblongis vel obovato-oblongis, 
acuminatis, obscure denticulatis, utrinque sparse stellato-pubescentibus, 
basi plus minus angustatis, rotundatis vel subcordatis, irregulariter tri- 
nervus; capsula oblato-spheroidea, tuberculata, furfuracea.—C. pune- 
tatum, Moon, Cat. p. 65 (non Retz).—c.P. 577. 

Has. Caltura. 

Arbor parva, ramulis, petiolis inflorescentiaque pubescentia stellata scabris. Folia 
3-6 poll. longa, 14-24 poll. lata, siccitate superne nigrescentia, petiolo 4-14 poll. 
longo, glandulis disciformibus ad apicem subsessilibus. Capsula 34 lin. in diam. 


5. ©. nigro-viride, Thw.; subglabrum, partibus junioribus sparse 
stellato-pubescentibus; foliis firmis, opacis, ovato-lanceolatis, 0 tuse 
acuminatis, serratis, irregulariter 3-nerviis, basi parum angustatis ; 
capsula (immatura) stellato-pubescente furfuraceaque.—c.P. 3637. 
ts Rambodde, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 
eet, 

Arbor parva, Folia nigro-viridia, 3-5 poll. longa; petiolo semipollicari, glandu- 
lis disciformibus ad apicem brevi-stipitatis. ee 

Allied to the preceding, but distinguished at once by its glabrous and distinetly 
serrated leaves. 

6. C. hypoleucum, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iti. (1851) p. 128 
(non Schlecht.).—C. reticulatum, Heyne, fid. Wall. Cat. 7724 A, Ps Bey 
c.P. 2110. 

' Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet. ; 

Frutex, ramulis, petiolis inflorescentiaque albido- vel seepius plus minus ferrugined- 
leprosis. Folia membranacea, oblongo-lanceolata, acuminata, subintegra, Fa io 
glabra nitida (juniora fugaci-leprosa), subtus dense albido-leprosa, basi rotundata v 
plus minus acuta, trinervia, 3-7 poll. longa, 3-24 poll. lata; petiolo 3-14 poll. longo, 
glandulis disciformibus ad apicem 2—4, stipitatis. Capsuda ovoidea, trigona, apicu- 
jata, ferrugineo-leprosa, semipollicaris. Semina oblonga, nigro-fusca, albo-maculata, 

7. ©. oblongifolium, Roxb. Fl. Ind. p. 685.—C. levigatum, Wall. 
Cat. 7735.—c.p. 2114. : 

Has. Hot drier parts of the island, at no great elevation. 

Arbor parva, ramulis, petiolis inflorescentiaque albido-leprosis. Folia glabra, ob- 
longo-lanceolata, utrinque angustata, parum obtusata, serrata, glanduis disciform 
ad apicem petioli parvis immersis. 


Euphorbiaceae. | _ CEYLON PLANTS. 277 


Croton Tiglium, Linn., occurs not uncommonly in native gardens, but can scarcely 
be considered truly wild. 


21. BLACHIA, Baillon: 
Etude des Euphorb. p. 385, t. 19, fig. 18-20. 


1. B. umbellata, Baill. 1.c.—Croton wmbellatum, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 

p- 545; Wight, Ic. t. 1874.—c.p. 3014. 
ice Very common in the south of the island, and especially near 
the sea. 

Though it is difficult to point out any very decided character to separate this spe- 
cies generically from Croton, still the eglandulose leaves, the umbellate inflorescence, 
the anthers erect in eestivation, and other minor characters about the inflorescence of 

_ the present plant, are probably sufficient to justify its being constituted a distinct 
genus. 


22. TRIGONOSTEMON, Blume. 


1. T. diplopetalus, Thw. ; foliis subglabris, lanceolatis, mucronatis, 
distanter denticulatis, basi cuneatis ; pedicellis floribus subequilongis ; 
petalis profunde bifidis, lobis rotundatis, laciniato-sinuatis, undulatis ; 
capsula levi, pilosa.—c.P. 578. ; 

AB. Palahattoo, in the Reigam Corle, at no great elevation.— 
Sept. 1856. 

Frutex vel arbor parva, partibus junioribus inflorescentiaque parce pilosis. Folia 
subleevia, pennivenia, siccitate nigro-fuscescentia, 6-9 poll. longa, 14-2% poll. lata ; 
petiolo semipollicari, superne sulcato, ad apicem bidenticulato. Stipule minute, subu- 
late, caducee. Racemi terminales, multiflori, foliis breviores ; Jracteis minutis. Pe- 
tala rubra. Ftor. masc. Pedicelli 14-2 lin. longi. Calycis lobi rotundati, petalis 
dimidio breviores. Antherarum Joculi ad apicem connectivi crassi_divergentes. 
FL. ram. Pedicelli superne incrassati, 4-5 lin. longi; fructiferi 6-7 lin. longi. 
Calycis lobi oblongi, plerumque dorso apiculati, petalis reflexis longiores. Styl 
lohi 3, breves, bis bifidi. Capsula 3-lobata, parum depressa, 2 poll. lata. 

2. 'T. nemoralis, Thw.; foliis subglabris, lanceolatis, acuminatis, 
mucronulatis, undulatis, obscure denticulatis, penniveniis, basi cuneatis, 
brevi-petiolatis; floribus pedicellis subequilongis; petalis oblongis, 
quam — calycini 2- vel 3-plo longioribus ; capsula muricata, pilosa.— 
c.P. 3570. z 

Has. Madamahanewera, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
2000 feet. 

Frutex vel arbor rtibus junioribus inflorescentiaque adpresse pilosis. 
Folia sublevia, ad apie: soit prise conferta, 3-7 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata; 
petiolo 2-4 lin. longo, apice bidenticulato. Stipule subulate, 1-1} lin. longe. 
Racemi multiflori, foliis breviores. Petala rubra, Fior. masc, Antherarum loculi 
subparalleli, parum distantes, ad apicem connectivi rotundati. Fi, rem. quam 
masc. parum majores, 6-7 lin. in exp. Ovarium hispidum. Styli Jodi 3, breves, 
spathulati, emarginati, reflexi. Semina spheerica, 3 lin, in diam., dorso parum cari- 
nata; testa levi, fusco-marmorata. 


23. JATROPHA, Kth. 


1. J. glauca, Vahl, (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 558.)—c.P. 2168, 
Haz. Damboul, Gardner, 


278 ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiaceae. 


24. DIMORPHOCALYX, Thw. (gen. nov.) 


Fior. masc. Calyx cupuliformis, margine undulatis vel breve 5-den- 
tatus. Petala 5, erecta, apice reflexa. Glandule 5, squameformes, pe- 
talis alternew. Stamina seepissime 10, biserialia, 5 externa breviora 
Se opposita ; jfilamentis coalitis, apice liberis; antheris introrsis, 
oculis parallelis, longitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Ovarii rudimentum 
nullum. Fror. ram. Caly«e profunde 5-lobus, segmentis plus minus 
inequalibus. Petala ut in flor. mase. Stamina abortiva sepius nulla, 
Discus annularis. Ovarium 3-loculare. Styli lobi 3, erecti, apicibus 
bifidis, reflexis. Capswla 3-cocca, calyce plus minus aucto suffulta. 
Arbor parva, ramosissima, glabra ; folizs lanceolatis vel ovatis, margine 
parce glanduloso-punctatis, petiolatis ; stipulis parvis, triangularibus 
acutis; cymis paucifloris, terminalibus axillaribusque, sessilibus vel 
brevi-pedunculatis, sepius unisexuis; bracteis parvis, imbricatis. 

1. D. glabellus, Thw.—Croton glabellum, Herb. Wight. An @. 
aon Nimmo in App. to Graham’s Bot. of Bombay ?—c.P. 1046 

Has. Common in the hot drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
*« Welle-wenne-gass.” 

Folia 1-6 poll. longa, petiola 2-6 lin. longo. Pediceili 1-4 lin. longi. Petala 
alba, 8-4 lin. longa. Capsula 4-5 lin. in diam., pilosula. . 


: +t Dioice. 
25. DESMOSTEMON, Thw. (gen. nov.) 


Calya profunde 5-lobus, segmentis rotundatis, inzequalibus. Petala 
5, erecta, apice reflexa, calyce longiora, FLor. masc. Glandule 5, 
majuscule, carnose, contigue. Stamina circiter 15, 3-serialia; fila- 
mentis coherentibus, apice liberis, 5 externis brevioribus et petalis op- 
itis; antheris dorso medio affixis, extrorsis, loculis parallelis et 
ongitudinaliter dehiscentibus. Fitor. ram. Ovariwm conico-ovoideum. 
Discus annularis. Styli lodi 3, bifidi. Capsula 3-cocca, subspherica, 
parum 6-costata, externe subcarnosa. Semina oblonga, albumine co- 
pioso. Arbor, partibus junioribus fugaci-leprosis ; foliis majusculis, 
oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, serratis, glabris, penniveniis, longe 
petiolatis, petiolo ad apicem tumido et minute 2-glanduloso ; apes 
minutis, interne glandula rotundata tectis; paniculis terminalibus, 
elongatis, pendulis ; floribus plus minus glomeratis, brevi-pedicellatis. 
1. D. Zeylanicus, Thw.—c.p. 2160. 
Var. 8. minor ; subarboreus, partibus omnibus minoribus.—c.P. 2158. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. Var. B. 
Warmer and southern parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Wal-kakoona- 


Petala albida, 3-4 lin. longa. Capsula 1 poll. (var. 8 6 lin.) longa, pubescentia 
stellata fulva vestita. 
_ Between var. a and £ I can discover no distinctive character but that of size ; and 
in that respect there is considerable difference: the former being a large forest tree 5 
whilst var. 6 might in some instances be termed a mere shrub, and has flowers and 
fruit a good deal smaller than those of var. a. 


26. GIVOTIA, Griff. 
1. G. rottleriformis, Griff.; Wight, Ic. t. 1889,—c.P. 1139. 


Euphorbiaceae.) CEYLON PLANTS. 279 


Has. Hot drier parts of the island, not common. 
Fron. Masc, Stamina sepissime 15, basi coalita, 5 externa breviora, 


27. SARCOCLINIUM, Wight. 


1. S. longifolium, Wight. Ic. +. 1887, 1888.—c.P, 596. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. N om. 
vulg. “ Bairoo-gass.” 

The leaves of this plant, as they are of.a firm consistence and do not rapidly de- 
compose, are used by the Cinghalese for thatching. 

2. S. Hookeri, Thw.; foliis magnis, glabris, nitidis, cuneato-lanceo- 
latis, brevi-acuminatis, serrulatis, penniveniis, brevi-petiolatis ; stipulis 
magnis, a basi lata lanceolatis, acutis. Fior. ram. Racemis foliis sub- 
equilongis, pendulis, glabris ; pedicells solitariis, infra medium articu- 
latis ; sepalis triangularibus, discum annularem magnum vix exceden- 
tibus.—c.P. 3429, 

Has. Near Eknalagodde, in the Ratnapoora District, at no great 
elevation. Nom. vulg. “ Maha-bairoo-gass.” 

Arbor mediocris, Folia 2-3-pedalia, 5-7 poll, lata, venis primariis una ab altera 
7-8 lin. distantibus, parallelis. Stipule 14-24 poll. longee, striate, fuser. Fior. 
Fem. apetali (vel forsan petalis cito deciduis). Pedicel/i 5-6 lin. longi. Ovarium 
obtuse trigonum, minute tomentosum. Styius brevis, crassus, a medio 3-partitus ; 
segmentis interne stigmatosis, apice emarginatis. Capsule cocci rotundati. Semina 
spherica, semipollicaria. Hmdryo in medio albuminis copiosi; cotyledonibus planis, 
orbicularibus, radicula cylindrica iisdem subequilonga. Flor. masc. nondum vidi. 


28. AGROSTISTACHYS, Dalz. 
Hook. Journ, of Bot. ii. (1850) p. 41. Baillon, Etude des Euph. p. 810. 
1. A. Indica, Dalz. 1. c.—o.P. 2156. : 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 1000 to 2000 feet. 


Fior. masc. Petala 6-8, albida, Stamina 8-18, basi in tubum brevem, pistilli 
rudimentum cingentem coalita. 


TRIB. BIOVULATA. 


Sect. 5. Barzpetinx2.—Perianthii biserialis verticillo 
interiore petalino. 
* Calycis segmentis valvatis. 
29. BRIEDELIA, Willd. 
1. B. retusa, Spr.—B. spinosa, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 979. Cluytia 
retusa, Linn, ; Willd. lee. pe 883. C. spinosa, Roxb. Cor. PI. ii. p. 38, t. 


172; Rheed. Hort. Mal. ii. t. 16.—c.P. 2161. 
Haz. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kat- 
gass.”” 


Folia acuta vel obtusa, in arboribus vetustioribus retusa, 

2. B. Moonii, Thw.; arborea; foliis majusculis, oblongis, parum 
acutis, obtusis vel retusis, minute venosis, subtus villosulis ; Slorum 
glomerulis axillaribus ; fructibus ovoideis, parum acutis.—Cluytia re- 
twsa, Moon’s Cat. p. 71 (non Linn.).—o.P. 3475. 


280 ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiacee.. 


Has. Equally common with the preceding, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Patkaala-gass.” 

The Cinghalese consider this quite distinct from the preceding, which it however 
very closely resembles, differing in its somewhat larger leaves, axillary, not spiked 
inflorescence, and ovoid fruit. They are probably mere varieties of one species. The 
timber of both is useful for building purposes. 


30. AMANOA, Aubl. 


1. A. patula, Thw.— A. Indica, Wight, Ic. t. 1911. Cluytia patula, 
Roxb. Cor. Pl. vol. ii. p. 37, t.170; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 884.—c.P. 
2151, 2164. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 

Arbor parva vel mediocris, glabra. Folia oblonga vel rotundata, longiuscule 
acuminata, 2-7 poll. longa. Flores pilosuli. Capsuda estipitata vel stipite brevis- 
simo, parce longiuscule pilosa, 

2. A. pallida, Thw. ; arborea, partibus junioribus pallide fulvo-pu- | 
bescentibus ; foliis oblongis, lanceolatis, acuminatis, mucronatis, basi 
acutis ; floribus glomeratis, axillaribus, externe incano-pubescentibus ; 
capsula subsessili, longiuscule pallide fulvo-pilosa.—c.P. 2166. 

. Hanguranketty, near Kandy. 

Arbor parva. Folia 14-5 poll. longa, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Capsula parum 
depressa, circiter 3 lin. in diam. 

3. A. ferruginea, Thw.; arborea, partibus junioribus ferrugineo- 
pilosis ; foliis subcoriaceis, oblongis, obtuse rostrato-acuminatis, superne 
glabris, nitidis, subtus opacis, pilosulis, venis venulisque prominentibus ; 

Jfloribus axillaribus, glomeratis, ferrugineo-pilosis ; capsula stipitata, 
ferrugineo-tomentosa.—c.p. 2407. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 2-5 poll. longa, petiolo 2-8 lin. longo. Capsula parum 
depressa, 4 lin. in diam., stipite 1 lin. longo. 

4. A. collina, Baill. Etude des Euph. p. 582.—Cluytia colina, Roxb. 
l.c. t. 169; Willd. 1. c. p. 883.—c.P. 2163. 

Has. Colonna Corle, rare. Nom. vulg. “ Madara-gass.” 

Nanoreratum, Hassk., a specimen’of which I have received from M. Binnendijk, 
in habit resembles the present genus, as well as in its valvate calyx and stipitate 
capsule ; but in its exalbuminate seeds it resembles Actephila. 


** Calycis segmentis imbricatis. 


31. ACTEPHILA, Blume. 
Anomospermum, Dalz. An Savia, Willd. ? 

1, A. Neilgherrensis, Wight, Ic. t. 1910.—A. Javanica, Miq. Fl. 
Ind. Bat. vol. i. pars altera, p. 856. Savia Actephila, Hassk. Cat. Boy. 
p: 243. An Anomospermum excelswm, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. 
ill. ‘egg 228 P—o.p. 2532, 3430, 3431. . 

_ Has. Not very uncommon in the central and southern parts of the 
island, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. ‘ 

Arbor parva. Folia ovato- vel elongato-lanceolata, plus minus acuminata, bast 


cuneata, 2-8 poll. longa, 14-34 poll. lata, petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. Pedicelli on- 
gitudine valde varii. 


An extremely variable plant, and the different forms so merge into one another, 


Euphorbiacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. * 281 


that I find it impossible to separate them into distinct varieties. In the ripe seeds 
I can discover no trace of albumen surrounding the embryo. 


Sect. 6. PuyttantuEex.—Flores apetali ; perianthio biseriali vel 
sub-biseriali ; fructis loculis dispermis. 


32. PROSORUS, Dalz., Thw. 
Cieca (Sect. Prosorus), Baill. Zygospermum, Thw. MSS. olim, Baill. 


1, P. Indica, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. (1852) p. 346; Thw. 
ibid. vol. vi. (1854) p. 298, t. 10 C, figs. 3, 4, 5,6; et vol. viii. (1856) 
p. 272.—c.P. 2155, 3099. 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Carron-gass.” 

For. Masc. numerosissimi, 1} lin. lati. “Discus convexus, gibbus, rugulosus. 
Pediceili 3-4 lin, longi. Fuor. rem. terni. Pedicelli 4-5 lin. longi. 


2, P. cyanosperma, Thw.—P. Gertneri, Thw. 1. e. viii. p. 272, et 
vol. vi. t. 10 C, figs. 1, 2, 7, 8,9, 10. Croton? cyanospermum, Gertn. 
De Fruct. vol. ii. p. 120, t.107. Zygospermum zeylanicum, Thw. MSS, 
olim ; Baill. Etud. des Euph. p. 620.—c.p. 2601. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Ratnapoora Districts, up to an elevation of 
1000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Sooddoo-leyang-gass.” 

Fror. asc. numerosi, 3 lin. lati. Discus concavus, levis, cum calycis tubo 
adnatus. Pedicelli 4-5 lin. longi. Fuor. ram, solitarii. Pedicelli 5-8 lin. longi. 

_ This and the preceding are entirely bare of leaves just before flowering. The 
timber of both is useful for buildings. 


33. FLUEGGEA, Willd. 
An Chorisandra, Wight, Ic. t. 1994 ? 


1, F. leucopyrus, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 757; Wight, Ic. t. 1875.— 
c.P. 2154, 

Has. Very abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. “6 Katoo-pilla.” 

In my specimens the ovary is 3-locular, and the style is tripartite, with the apices 
bifid ; in other respects the plant is well represented in Dr. Wight’s figure quoted 
above. Two plants from the continent of India, given me by Dr. Thomson, and 
named respectively F. retusa and F. virosa, appear to be very closely allied to the 
present species, but have comparatively much shorter petioles. 


34. PELTANDRA, Wight. 
(Icones, tt. 1891, 1892.) 


1, P. flexuosa, Thw. ; suffruticosa, glabra 3 ramis param angulatis, 
striatis, flexuosis ;.foliis teneris, membranaceis, integris, ovatis, utrinque 
plus minus acutis, longiuscule petiolatis.—o.P. 3571. 

Has. Minnery, not common. oo * 

Humilis, ramosa. Folia ejusdem stirpis magnitudine valde varia, glanco- 
viridia, eine be costam venas Seidkatthene albo-areolata, petiolo 1-8 lin. longo. 
Inflorescentia monoica, rachi brevissima, bracteata ; bracters lanceolatis, acuminatis. 
Sepala rotundata, membranacea. FLoR, MASC. numerosi, singulatim evoluti. Pedi- 
celli circiter 2 lin. longi. Fuor. Fam. seepius solitarii ad basin racheos. Pedicelli 
circiter 7 lin. longi. Stylus tripartitus, lobis profunde bifidis, — ‘ 


282 ENUMERATION OF | [Buphorbiacee. 


35. KIRGANELIA, Juss., Baill. 
Sect. ovario 4- vel pluri-loculari.—Anisonema, A. Juss. 


1, K. multiflora, Baill. Etud. des Euph. p. 614.—Anisonema multi- 
Stora, Wight, Ic. t. 1899. Phyllanthus multiflorus, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 
p- 581; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii, p. 664. P. pentandra, Herb. Roxb. P. 
puberula, Mig. Rhamnus Zeylanicus, etc., Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 198, 
t. 88.—c.P. 2142. 

Var. 8; glabra.—P. scandens, Herb. Roxb.—c.P. 327, 2947. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, especially towards the north, 
very abundant. Nom. vulg. “ Wel-kyla.” 


i 


36. PHYLLANTHUS, Linn. 


1. P. Niruri, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 659, cum syn.)—c.P. 2138. 
Var. 8 ; sepalis 5.—Wight, Ic. t. 1894.—c.p. 2136. : 
Has. A very abundant weed in gardens, ete. Var. 8. Hot, drier 
parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Pittawaaka.” 
2. P. Urinaria, Linn. (Roxb. 1. ¢. p- 660, cum syn.)—P. leprocarpus, 
Wight, Ic. t. 1895-4.—c.p. 2137. : 
4B. Equally common with the preceding. Nom. vulg. “Rat-pit- 
tawaaka.” 
3. P. rotundifolius, Klein. (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 584).—c.p. 2134. 
Has. Batticaloa, Gardner. 
4. P. Maderaspatensis, Linn. (Willd. 1. e. p- 575).—P. obcordatus, 
Roxb. 1. c. p. 656.—c.P, 2133. 
Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, common. 
5. P. polyphyilus, Willd. 1. c. p. 586; Wight, Ic. t. 1895-2.—c.P. 
2140, 2502 (2564). 
Has. A very common shrub or small tree in the northern parts of 
the island. 
Sect. 2. Emblica, Gertn. 


6. P. Emblica, Linn. (Willd. lc. p. 586, cum syn.; Roxb. Lc. p. 
871).—Emblica officinalis, Gertn. ; Wight, Ie. t. 1896.—c.P. 2144. 

Has. Common on exposed grassy places, up to an elevation of 
feet. Nom. vulg. “Ne i-gass.” 


The fruit of this tree is much esteemed as a medicine by the Cinghalese, The 
timber is used for buildings. i 


- Sect. 3. Macrea, Wight. 


7. P. simplex, Willd. 1. ¢. p- 573; Roxb. l.c. p. 654.—An Macrea 
oblongifolia, Wight, Ic. t. 1902-1?—c.p. 2139. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

8. P. Gardneri, Wight, Ic. t. 1902-3.—P. fruticosa, Wall. MSS. 
An Maerea ovalifolia, Wight, Tc. t. 1902-4 ?—-c.P. 5 (54, 296, 501). 

Var. 8. pubescens ; tota planta plus minus pilosa.—c.P. 178. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

Differs from the preceding, which it closely resembles in habit, in the firmer tex- 


Euphorbiacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 283 


ture of its leaves; larger, more cordate and acuminated stipules, and larger calyx. 
In both, the capsule, when fresh, is slightly tuberculated. I suspect they will prove 
to be but forms of one species. ; . 


9. P. myrtifolius, Wight, Ic. t. 1902-2.—c.p. 650. 

Has. Banks of rivers, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. 

Frutex majusculus, valde ramosus, Fo/ia basi angustata, subauriculata. Flores, 
cum pedicellis, rufescentes. : 

A very distinct and elegant species, and becoming under cultivation a compact 
and extremely ornamental shrub. 

10, P. flaccidus, Thw.; annua, erecta, plus minus ramosa, glabra ; 
ramis striatis, parum angulatis ; foliis teneris, ovatis, subacutis, mucro- 
natis ; stipwlis anguste lanceolatis, petiolo longioribus ; FLOR. MASC. 
2-3-nis, brevi-pedicellatis; FLOR. F@M. majoribus, in axillis versus 
apicem ramorum solitariis; pedicellis triangularibus, superne incras- 
satis, calyce subequilongis.—c.P. 320 (510, 2147). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

4-3-pedalis. Folia 4-14 poll. longa, petiolo 4-1 lin. longo. Sepala ovato-ob- 
longa, subacuta. Fior. masc. glandule rotundate, tuberculate. Fior, F@M. 
nasa margine minutissime crenulatus. Sty/us 3-partitus, apicibus bifidis, diver- 
gentibus. 


37. EPISTYLIUM, Sw., Baill. 
Sect. flor. fem. 6-sepalis.—Reidia, Wight, Mig. -Eriococcus, Hassk. 


1. EB. floribundum.— Reidia floribunda, Wight, Ic. t. 1903. Phyl- 
lanthus longiflorus, Heyne.—c.P. 71, 2531. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

2. E. montanum, Thw.; glabrum; foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, 
abrupte brevissime acuminatis, basi inequalibus, brevi-petiolatis ; pedi- 
cellis folio longioribus ; sepalis ovatis, fimbriatis; FLOR. F@M. disco 
obseure 6-lobo, sublevi; capsula glabra.—c.P. 2148. 

Has. Horton Plains, at an elevation of 7000 feet. 

DS ie Folia 23-7 lin. longa, 14-4 lin. lata. Flor. masc, 1-8-ni; fem. 
solitarii, ; 

Allied to the preceding, which it much resembles, but distinguished from it by the 
absence of pubescence ; smaller leaves; fimbriated sepals ; and the nearly entire and 
smooth disk of the female flowers. é ‘ 

3. E. latifolium.— Reidia latifolia, Wight, Ic. t. 1904-2.—c.P. 2149. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

2-8-pedale, Folia firma, subtus areolata, costa venisque dilatatis. Flor. fem. ad 
apices ramorum racemosi. 


eg E. polyphyllum.— Reidia polyphylia, Wight, Te. t. 1904-4.—c.P. 


Has. Banks of stream at Leeta-gangoola, near Adam’s Peak, at an 
elevation of 5000 feet. 

3-4-pedale. Sepala omnia fimbriaia, Fior. ram. discus subinteger vel obscure 
6-lobus. 


38. AGYNETIA, Linn. 
1. A. bacciformis, A. Juss. (Wight, Ie. t. 1893).—A. phyllanthoides, 


284 ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiaceae. 


ort Phyllanthus bacciformis, Linn. ; Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 661.—c.2. 
130. 


Hag. Not uncommon near the sea. 


39. SAUROPUS, Blume. 
Sauropus et Ceratogynum, Wight. 


1. S. Gardneriana, Wight, Ic. t. 1951-2.—S. Zeylanica et 8. Indica, 
Wight, Ic. t. 1952; Wall. Cat. n. 7933 Bet #. An S. albicans, 
Blume, Bijdr. p. 596. Phyllanthus strictus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 670? 
—o.P. 2146. 
= Has. Central Province, not uncommon up to an elevation of 4000 

eet. 

I suspect that this will prove to be but a form of Blume’s plant, which appears to 
differ from the present principally in having firmer leaves, with more prominent 
veins, judging from a specimen I have from M. Binnendijk. 


2. S. retroversa, Wight, Tc. t. 1951-1.—c.p. 3134. 
Has. Oodoopussalawa, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
about 4000 feet. 

Frutex erectus, glaber. Folia 1-24 poll. longa, 3-1} poll. lata, a basi lata vel 

parum cordata gradatim acuminata, petiolo 1-14 lin. longo. Fior. asc. pal- 

lide virides, flavescentes, margine inferiore perianthii duplicati, pileiformis, cireiter 
12-dentata. For. rem. perianthium 8-4 lin. in exp., lobis horizontalibus, rotun- 
datis, 3 exter. minoribus, subacutis. Capsu/a albida, pyriformis, pollicaris. 


3. S. assimilis, Thw. ; fruticosa, glabra; ramis parum angulatis ; 
Soliis membranaceis, teneris, ovato-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi plus 
minus acutis ; FLOR. masc. lobis perianthii duplicati, equalibus, an- 
guste cylindricis, obtusis, curvatis, suberectis.—c.p. 2855. 

Has. Allagalla, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Folia 14-8 poll. longa, petiolo 14 lin. longo. Fron. Mase. pallide virides, fla- 
—o lobis perianthii 2 lin, longis. Anthere subsessiles. Flor. fem, nondum 
vidi. 

This in general appearance closely resembles S. Gardneriana, but the flowers are 
more like those of Ceratogynum rhamnoides, Wight, Ic. t. 1900, from which latter 
species, however, it would seem to be sufficiently distinguished by its much larger 
a Sh ater shaped leaves, and the obtuse, cylindrical, narrower lobes of the peri- 
anth. 


4. S. rigida, Thw. ; fruticosa, erecta, labra, rigida, ramosa ; rams 
angulatis ; foliis ovalibus vel rotundatis, brevi-petiolatis ; floribus pau- 
cis, axillaribus, brevi-pedicellatis ; masc. lobis perianthii duplicati 
horizontalibus, triangularibus, margine exteriore retusa vel parce 8i- 
nuata; F@M. sepalis obovoideis, obtusis, apiculatis ; ovario apice con- 
cavo, stigmata bifida erecta includente.—c.p. 2135. 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island, not very common. 

1-2-pedalis. Folia 3-7 lin. longa, 14-5 lin. lata, superne nigro-viridia, medio 
albo-notata, subtus pallida. Flores pallide virides, flavescentes ; mAsc. 1 lin, F@M. 
3-4 lin. in exp. Capsula ovoidea, 3 lin. longa.. 

The ovary of this species bears a very considerable resemblance to that of Agyneia 
bacerformis. Phyllanthus rhamnoides, Roxb. (non Willd.), would appear, from the 
deseription, to be nearly allied to this ; but the long-pedicelled male flowers of that 
plant are sufficient to prove it distinct. ' 


Euphorbiacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 285 


40. MELANTHESA, Blume. 


1. M. rhamnoides, Blume, Bijdr. p. 591 (non Phyllanthus rham- 
noides, Willd. vel Roxb.) ; Wight, Ic. t. 1898-1.—P yllanthus Vitis- 
Idea, Keen. ; Roxb. Fi. Ind. iit. p. 665 (haud Rhamnus Vitis-Idea, 
Burm. Fl. Ind. p. 61).—P. cinerascens, Wall. An Melanthesa vir- 
gaa et M. racemosa, Bl. 1. ¢. P—c.r. 2141. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Gass-kyla.” 

Specimens from the Java Botanic Garden, named respectively Melanthesa virgata 
and M. racemosa, Blume, appear to me to differ in no essential respect from the 
present plant, but they are not in a sufficiently perfect state to enable me to deter- 
mine satisfactorily. 

2. M.turbinata, Wight, Ic. t. 1897.—M. obliqua, Wight, Ic. t. 
1898-2. Phyllanthus turbinatus, Koen. ; Roxb. 1. c. p. 666. P. patens, 
Roxb. 1. e. ps 667. P. rhamnoides, Herb. Heyne. P. glaucifolia, 
Wall. Cat. n. 7911 B, B.—c.p. 2143. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Wal- 
mooroonga,”” 


41. GLOCHIDION, Forst., Blume. 
Bradleia, Gert. Gynoon, A. Tuss. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Hoonoo-kirilla-gass,”’) 


1. G. Zeylanicum, Thw.— Bradileia Zeylanica, Gertn. De Fr. ii. p. 
12, +. 109. 3B. obliqua, Wall. 

hank a; tota planta glabra; FLOR. FaM. stylo brevi, crassiusculo.— 
c.P. 2149, 

Var. 8 ; ramulis, petiolis, foliis subtus inflorescentiaque brevi-tomen- 
tosis; FLOR. Fam. stylo subnullo.—* Falconer, n. 845, Amherst,” in 
Hort. Cale.—c.r. 3433.—An species distincta? : 

Has. Central and southern parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. 

Arbor pawwa. Folia firma, oblonga, acuminata, basi rotundata, obliqua, 3-6 poll. 
longa, circiter 2 poll. lata, petiolo 2 lin. longo. Flores umbellati. Pedunculi soli- 
tari, axillares vel supra-axillares, petiolo 2~3-plo longiores. Sepala rotundata, sub- 
acuta. Fior. masc. Anthere 5-6, Fuor. rem. Ovarium 5-6-loculare. Capsula 
oblato-spheerica, semipollicaris, 

2. G. coriaceum, Thw. ; glabrum ; foliis majusculis, coriaceis, ovatis 
vel oblongis, obtuse acuminatis, mucronatis, basi obliquis, abrupte in 
petiolum angustatis ; sepalis flaccidis, rotundatis vel late oblongis, sub- 
acutis ; FLOR. Masc. antheris 3; FLOR. Fa@M. sessilibus vel subsessili- 
bus ; stylo crasso, brevi, oblongo vel suborbiculari, apice 3-fisso ; cap- 
sula subspherica, depressa, parum triloba.—c.P. 3016, 342, 2529. 

entral Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 4000 feet. 

Arbor parva. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, 1-24 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 2 lin. longo. 
For. A ons Pedicelli 3-4 Fin. ‘cig idk: fae Capsula 4-5 lin. in diam. 

An extremely variable species. 

3. G. Jussieuianum —Gynoon Jussieuianum, Wight, Ic. t. 1908. G. 
triandrum, W. et A.?, Wight, 1. ¢.—c.v. 2561 (? 2560). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

T have received. this species from Java, so thai it would appear to be widely dis- 


286 — ENUMERATION OF [ Euphorbiaceae. 


tributed. c.p. 2560 I believe to be an abnormal state of the present plant, in which 
the sepals have cohered into a tridentate tubular perianth. 


4. G. Moonii, Thw.—Gynoon hirsutum, Wight, Ic. t. 1909 (haud 
Bradleia hirsuta, Roxb.). Phyllanthus pubescens, Moon’s Cat. p. 65. 
—c.P. 68, 258, 2150. 

Has. Very common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Frutex vel arbor parva, ramulis hirsutis vel tomentosis. Fo/ia ovato- vel oblongo- 
lanceolata, acuminata, plus minus tomentosa vel aliquando subglabra, 2-8 poll. longa, 
1-8 poll. lata, basi parum acuta, brevi-petiolata. nflorescentia hirsuta. Sepala 
lineari-oblonga. Fuor. raM. sessiles vel subsessiles. Stylus plus minus elongatus 
clavatusque, pilosus, apice trifidus. Capsula pilosa. 

5. G. montanum, Thw.; arborea; ramulis parum angulatis et cum 

etiolis inflorescentiaque tomentosis ; foliis ovato- vel oblongo-lanceo- 
tis, obtusis, mucronatis, plus minus tomentosis vel subglabris, basi 
obliquis, rotundatis vel rarius parum acutis; sepalis oblongis; FLOR. 
Fam. sessilibus; stylo cylindrico vel parum clavato, dense piloso vel 
subglabro, apice anita ; capsula glabra, depressa, triloba.—c.P. 3133. 
Ph 4B. Oova, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 
15-20-pedalis. Folia 14-8 poll. lon 13 poll. lata, petiolo 14 lin. longo. 

Closely’ allied to the siteting Sanaa A it ditiors in Aa Bees pa 
habit, smaller, less acuminated leaves, and glabrous capsules. 

6. G. Gardneri, Thw.; arborea; ramulis glabris ; foliis glabris, acu- 
minatis, mucronatis, basi obliquis, in petiolum brevem angustatis ; i- 
Jlorescentia plus minus pilosa; sepalis oblongis ; FLOR. F@M. sessilibus ; 
stylo glabro, elongato, clavato, apice trifido; capsula glabra, depressa, 
triloba.—c.P. 3156. 2 

Var. a; foliis ovatis, abrupte breveque acuminatis. 

Py 8; foliis oblongis, longiuscule acuminatis; inflorescentia minus 
pilosa. i 

Has. Var. a. Central Province, Gardner. Var. 8. Reigam Corle. 

Arbor parva. Folia (var. a) 14-8 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata; (var. 8) 23-4 
poll. longa, +14 poll. a at hg in 

7. G. nemorale, Thw.; arborea; ramulis, petiolis inflorescentiaque 
brevi-pilosis ; foliis glabris, oblongo-lanceolatis, longiuscule acuminatis, 
subtus venis rominentibus, basi obliquis, acutis ; sepalis oblongis ; 
FLOR. F&M. fasciculatis, pedicellis petiolo seepius longioribus; stylo 
elongato, clavato, glabro ; capsula glabra, depressa, triloba.—c.P. 3015. 

. Pasdun Corle, at no great elevation. 

Folia 34-7 poll. longa, 14-2 poll. lata, petiolo circiter 2 lin. longo. 

PHYLLANTHUS sTELLATUS, Retz, Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 577, is probably one of 
the foregoing species of Glochidion, but the description is too imperfect for the iden- 
tification of the plant. 


Sect. 7. Prerarprex.—Flores apetali, perianthio biseriali vel sub-bi- 
seriali. Ovula bina in loculo sub processu magno cuculliform pla- 
cente affica. Fructus monospermus vel loculis monospermts. 


42, CYCLOSTEMON, Blume. 
Sphragidia, Thw. « : 
1, C. Zeylanicum, Baill. Eiud. des Euphorb. p. 562.—Sphragidia 


Euphorbiaceae.) CEYLON PLANTS. 987 


agp Thw. in Hook. Journ. Bot. vii. (1855) p. 270, t. 10.—c.p. 
24, 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of about 3000 feet. 

Arbor 30-40-pedalis, partibus junioribus parce fagaci-pilosis. Folia 5-10 poll. 
longa, 13-8 poll. lata, petiolo 4-8 lin. longo. ores pallide ochracei.’ Sepalu 4-5, 
rotundata, obtusa, externe cum pedicellis sericeo-pilosa. Fructus subpollicaris, 


43. HEMICYCLIA, W. et A., Thw. 
Astylis, Wight. 


1. H, sepiaria, W. et A. (Wight, Ic. t. 1872 ; Thw. in Hook. Journ. 
of Bot. vii. (1855) p. 271).—c.P. 2120. 

Has. Abundant in the hot, drier parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Weera-gass.” 


2, EX. Gardneri, Thw. |. c.—c.p. 2121. 

Has. With the preceding species, but not so abundant. 

Arbor mediocris ; partibus junioribus, petiolis inflorescentiaque pubescentibus. 
Folia lanceolata, crenata, retusa, mucronata, basi obliqua, angustata et subtus secus 
costam pilis longis stipata, 1-3 poll. longa, }—1 poll. lata, petio/o 1-2 lin. longo. 
Flores pauci, pallide ochracei, 6 lin. in exp. Masc. Stamina circiter 24, diseum 
medio exeavatum cingentibus. Ovarii rudimentum nullum. Fam. Stylus brevis, 
Stigma convexum, carnosum. Drupa oblonga, 4 lin. longa. 


3. EX. lanceolata, Thw.; arborea; ramulis, petiolis inflorescentiaque 
eonxt Jfoliis subglabris, lanceolatis, obtuse acuminatis, mucronatis, 
asi obliquis, subacutis et subtus secus costam longe pilosis; floribus 
paucis, parvis ; drupa oblonga, ad apicem obliqua; putamine cristato, 
reticulato.—c.P. 2211. 
Has. Caltura. 
Arbor mediocris. Folia 1-3 poll. longa, }-1 poll. lata, petiolo 1-2 lin. longo, 
Flores circiter 2 lin. in. exp. Mase. Stamina circiter 16. Fam. Stylus brevis, in 
laminam bifidam dilatatus, reflexus. Drupa rubra, 6 lin. longa, 3 lin, lata. 


‘ 44. PALENGA, Thw. 
Hook. Journ of Bot. viii. (1856) p. 270. Baill. Etud. des Enph. p. 649. 


1. P. Zeylanica, Thw. l.c. p. 271, t. 7 C._—o.p. 3349. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of about 2000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Patengesiash:” : 

Arbor 40-50-pedalis, glabra, ramulis teretibus. Folia lanceolata, acuminata, 
pennivenia, obliqua, nitida, nigro-viridia, subtus sparsim glanduloso-punctata, 3-5 
poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, petiolo ruguloso, 2 lin. longo. Stipule minute. Flores 
albidi, ¢ lin. longi. Pedicelli 1 lin. longi. Fructus 8 lin. longus, 4 lin. latus, 
fusco-tomentosus. 


45. PUTRANJIVA, Wall. 


Nageia, Roxb, (non Geertn.) 


1, P. Roxburghii, Wall. Tent. Fl. Nep. p. 61; Cat. n. 6814; Royle, 
Pl. Him. t. 100 Wight, Ie. t. 1876—Nageia Putranjiva, Roxb. Fi. 
Ind. iii. p. 767.—c.r. 2122. : 

Has. Hot, drier parts of the island. 


~ 


288 — ENUMERATION OF [Euphorbiacee. 


46. APOROSA, Blume, Miq., Baill. 
Scepa, Lindley. Lepidostachys, Wall. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Kabella-gass.”’) : 

1, A. Lindleyana, Thw.—Scepa Lindleyana, Wight, Ic. t. 361.— 
c.P. 2153. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, valda ramosa. FiLor. ram. Pedicelli 4-1 lin. longi, fructiferi 
- 2 iin. longi. Ovarium ampulleforme, fulvo-pilosum, 2- vel 3-loculare. Stigma 2-3- 
partitum, lobis bifidis, tuberculatis vel parum plumosis. Fructus subsphericus, 
brevi-apiculatus, sessilis, semipollicaris. Semina tunica externa carnosa, flava, sapida. 

Closely allied to and resembling in general appearance Lepidostachys Rorburghii, 
Wall. Cat. No. 6816, but differing from it in its smaller leaves, which are frequently 
rounded at the base, its pedicellate female flowers, and its fruit being not at all 
stipitate. 

2. &. lanceolata, Thw.—Lepidostachys lanceolata, Tul. in Ann. des 
Sci. Nat. (Bot.) sér. 3, v. 15, p. 254.—c.P. 2152. 

Has. Equally common with the last. 

Arbor parva. Ftor. wasc. sepius diandri, ovarii rudimento minuto, inconspicuo. 
Fror. ram. Spice circiter 5-flore. Ovarium ampulleforme, glabrum. Stigma breve, 
sessile, disciforme, 2-lobum, lobis bifidis seepe denticulatis. Fructus subspheericus, 
pisi magnitudine. Semina tunica externa carnosa, flava, sapida. 

The fruit of this, like that of the preceding species, is eaten by children. 

3. A. latifolia, Thw.; foliis subintegris, majusculis, glabris, sub- 
coriaceis, obovatis, obtusis, basi plus minus rotundatis vel subcordatis ; 
spicis Se nonin bracteis rotundatis, ciliatis ; FLOR. MASC. 
sepissime diandris; rior. raM. sessilibus; ovario piloso; stigmate 
tripartito, lobis reflexis, apice bifidis ; Sructibus subsphericis, parum 
conicis, pericarpio valde carnoso firmo.—Agyneia latifolia, Moon, Cat. 
p- 65.—c.P. 3433. 

Has. South of the island, at no great elevation. 

_ Arbor mediocris, Folia 4-8 poll. longa, 3-5 poll. lata, venis primartis utrinque 
cireiter 7 ; petiolo 4-1 poll. longo. Fructus pollicares. 

_ 4. &. fusiformis, Thw.; foliis subintegris, coriaceis, glabris, obova- 
tis vel rotundatis, breve obtuseque acuminatis vel retusis, basi acutis 
vel rotundatis ; spicis ferrugineo-tomentosis ; bracteis rotundatis, cilia- 
tis; FLOR. Masc. sepius diandris; FLor. ra@M. confertis; ovario gla- 
bro 3 stigmate 2-3-partito, lobis revolutis, apice bifidis ; fructibus fusi- 
formibus, pericarpio parce carnoso.—Lepidostachys grandifolia, Planch. 
MSS. in Herb. Hook.—c.p. 30, 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. : 

Arbor mediocris. Folia 24-5 poll. longa, 13-8 poll. lata; venis primariis utrin- 
que circiter 5; petiolo $$ poll, longo. Fructus 6-8 lin. longi, 3-4 lin. lati. 

The very different form of the much less fleshy fruit of the present species abun- 
dantly distinguishes it from 4. Jatifolia, to which it bears a very great general re- 
semblance. 

5. A. acuminata, Thw.; foliis glabris, integris, membranaceis, 
ovato- vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis ; spicis 0 : 
pilosis, brevibus, Sepius solitariis; FaM. ssepissime unifloris ; ovar10 
ovoideo, piloso, 3-loculari; stigmate majusculo, 3-partito, lobis apice 
bifidis; fructibus subsphericis, sessilibus, pericarpio valde carnos®, 
firmo.—c.p. 2530. . 


Euphorbiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS.’ 289 


Has. Ambagamowa District and near Balangodde, at an elevation of ° 
2000 to 3000 feet. 

Arbor parva, parce ramosa, partibus junioribus pilosis. Folia 13-4 poll. longa, 
4-2 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4 lin. longo. Fructus circiter ~ poll. in diam. ; viridi-ru- 
fescentes, seepius 3-spermi. Semina tunica externa carnosa, flavo-rubra. 


Sect. 4. ANTIDESMEX ; perianthio uniseriali ; disco glanduloso maximo 
genitalia cingente.—Sectioni precedents valde affinis. 


47. ANTIDESMA, Linn. Burm. 


1. A. paniculatum, Roxb., Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 764; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 
iii. p.770; Tulasne in Ann. des Sci. Nat. (Bot.) sér. 3, vol. xv. p. 228.— 
A. pubescens, Roxb. Pl. Cor. ii. t. 167 ; Willd. Le. p. 763; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 
“2 770 (non Tulasne) ; Wight, Ie. tt. 820, 821.—c.p. 773. 

as. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Boo- 
ambilla-gass.” 
_ 2, A. Bunius, Spr., Syst. Veg. i. p.826; Wight, Ic. t. 819; Tul. 
le. p. 186.—A. Alexiteria, Linn. (partim). A. comptum, Tul. 1. ce. 
Bin). A. floribundum, Tul. 1.c.p.189. Stilago Bunius, Linn. ; Roxb. 

1, Ind. iii. p. 758 ; Rheed. Hort. Mal. iv. t. 56.—c.P. 660 (766). 

Var. 8; foliis firmioribus; inflorescentia delicatiore et mmus pubes- 
cente—An A. glabrum, Tul. 1. c. p. 188?—c.p. 2922. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Var. 8; Caltura. 
Nom. vulg. “ Carawilla-cabilla-gass.” 


3. A. lanceolarium, Wight, Ic. t. 776.—A. lanceolatum, Tul. lic. 
p- 195. Stilago lanceolaria, Roxb. |. c. p. 760.—c.P. 2602. 

_ Haz. Ambagamowa, Ratnapoora, and Galle Districts, up to an eleva- 
tion of 1500 feet. 

A very variable plant as regards the size and shape of the leaves. I have a small 
form from the Singe Rajah forest, in which the leaves are linear-lanceolate, and some 
of them not more than 2 lines wide, but there is a gradual transition to the ordinary 
form of the plant. 


4. A. Zeylanicum, Lam. Encye. Bot. i. p. 207; Spr. Syst. Veg. i. 

. 826; Tul. lc. p.209.—A. Alexiteria, Linn. (partim) ; Burm. Thes. 

eyl. p. 22, t. 10. (An A. sylvestris, Lam. l.c.; Spr. l.c.; Rheed. lc. 
v. t. 26P)—o.p. 2210, 

Haz. Common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Heen- 
ambilla-gass.” 


5. A. montanum, Thw.; arboreum ; ramulis, petiolis, inflorescentia- 
que cinereo-tomentellis ; foliis integris, subglabris, ovatis vel oblongis, 
obtuse rostrato-acuminatis, superne ad costam canaliculatis, basi acutis : 
racemis paniculatis vel simplicibus, axillaribus terminalibusque ; brae- 
teis brevibus, latis, acutis ; floribus seepius 5-meris ; calyce cupuliformi, 
lobis brevibus, rotundatis vel parum acutis.—c.P. 2208. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 

Arbor mediocris, ramosa. Folia 2-4 poll. longa, $-2 poll. lata, petiolo 9-5 Tin. 
ongo. Pedicelli calyce subeequilongi. FL. MASc. Filamenia in disco sublevi ovarium 
abortivam mamilleforme cingente inserta. Ft. rem. Fructus subspherici, parum 
com i, pisi itudine, urei. : oe 

Closely hie py Tepe oda from which it differs in its larger leaves, 
canaliculate above, longer petioles, and pedicellate pentamerous flowers, na 


290 oe ENUMERATION OF [Nepenthacee. 


Euphorbiaceis affines. 


48. DAPHNIPHYLLUM, Blume, Baill. 
Goughia, Wight. Gyrandra, Wall. 


1. D. Neilgherrense, Thw.—Goughia Neilgherrensis, Wight, Ie. tt. 
1878, 1879.—c.p. 491. . 


Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 


49. SARCOCOCCA, Lindl. 


1. S. pruniformis, Lindl. Bot. Reg. xii. t. 1012.—S. trinervia, Wight, 
Te. t. 1877.—c.p. 203. 


Has. Central Province, very abundant at an elevation of 5000 to 8000 
feet. 


Extremely variable in the shape of the leaves, which differ from nearly orbicular 
to narrow-lanceolate acuminated. 


50. PYRENACANTHA, Hook. 


1. P. volubilis, Hook. Bot. Misc. ii. p. 108, tt. 9, 10.—c.p. 1024. , 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. 


CXXXV. CALLITRICHACEA. 


af CALLITRICHE, Linn. 
1. ©. verna, Linn.—C. Wightiana, Wall.; Wight, Ic. t. 1947.— 
c.P. 303, 3636. 


Haz. Not uncommon in wet places, at Matturatte, Horton Plains, 
and other of the more elevated parts of the island. . 


_ CXXXVI. CERATOPHYLLACEA. 


1. CERATOPHYLLUM, Linn. - 


1. GC. verticillatum, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 624.—C. muricatum, Cham. 
C. tuberculatum, Cham., et C. Missionis, Wall. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1948.— 
—0.P.. 2311; 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

There can be no doubt, I think, that Dr. Wight is correct in supposing that the 


three forms, figured by him in plate 1948 of the ‘ Icones,’ are merely varieties of 
Roxburgh’s plant. 


OXXXVII. NEPENTHACEA. 


1. NEPENTHES, Linn. 


1, N. distillatoria, Linn. (Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p- 42, t. 17, cum syn.) 
—c.P. 262. 


Aristolochiacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 291 


Has. Very common in the south-of the island, at no great elevation. 
Nom. vulg. * Bandoora-wel.” 


The long tough stems are used for tying fences, and for other purposes, by the 
Cinghalese. 


CXXXVIII. ARISTOLOCHIACEZ. 


1, ARISTOLOCHIA, Tourn. 


1. A. bracteata, Retz, (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 160; Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. 
p. 490.) —c.p. 2256, 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


2. A. Indica, Linn. ; Roxb. l.c. p. 489.—A. lanceolata, Wight, Ic. 
t. 1858.—c.Pp. 2258. 

Has. Very abundant up to an elevation of 3000 feet. . 

Most variable in the size and shape of its leaves; and these, in some of my spe- 


cimens of what I take to be the present species, seem to make an approach in form 
to those of A. acuminata, Lamk. 


2. BRAGANTIA, Lour. 


1. B. Wallichii, R. Br. in Wall. Cat. n. 7415; Wight, Ic. t. 520. 
—B. siliquosa, Miq. Trimeriza piperina, Lind. in Bot. Reg. xviii. sub 
tab. 1543.—c.p. 2257, 3457, 3533. 

Has. Shady woods, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Varies very much in the amount of pubescence ; in the size and shape of its leaves, 
which are sometimes somewhat obovate ; and in the length of the seed-vessel. 


3. TRICHOPODIUM, Lindl., Endl. 
Trichopus, Geertn. 


Flores hermaphroditi. Perianthii lobi 6, biseriales, persistentes. 
Stamina 6, libera, subsessilia, lobis perianthii opposita ; anthere loculis 
—— distantibus, parallelis, introrsis ; connectivo in processum lanci- 

ormem terminalem anthera longiorem producto. Ovariwm 3-loculare ; 
loculis 2-ovulatis ; ovulis pendulis superpositis. Bs a brevissimus. 
Stigmata 3, brevia, apicibus reflexis, bifidis—Herba glabra, subacaulis ; 
foliis nwmerosis, petiolatis, forma valde variis; stipulis lanceolatis, 
acutis, perwiinrthes ; petiolis in medio longitudinis florigeris ; floribus 
Sasciculatis, longiuscule pedicellatis ; bracteis lanceolatis, acutis. 

1, T. Zeylanicum, Thw.—T. cordatum, T. intermedium, et T. angus- 
tifolium, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xviii. sub tab. 1543. Zrichopus Zeylani- 
cus, Gertner, De Fruct. p. 44, t. 14.—c.P. 467. 

_ Has. Common on the sandy margins of streams, at no great eleva- 
tion. Nom.vulg. “ Bin-tal.” 

Folia triangularia, lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata, tri- vel tripli-nervia, 2-8 poll. 
longa, petiolo 1-8 poll. longo. Flores circiter 1 lin. longi, nigro-brunnei, lobis peri- 
anthii lanceolatis acutis. J-uetus 6-7 lin. longi; pedicel/o longo, tenui, apicem versus 
imcrassato. } 


* 


Z 


292 ENUMERATION OF [ Piperacee. 


CXXXIX. PIPERACEZ. 


1. PEPEROMIA, Ruiz and Pav. 


1. P. reflexa, A. Dietr. (Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol.i., pars altera, p. 436, 
cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1923-1.)—c.p. 2462. : 

Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 
feet. 


2, P. Heyneana, Migq. (Wight, Ic. t. 1922-1.)—An P. Dindygulensis, 
Mig. Syst. p. 112; Illust. Piper. p. 19, t.13; Wight, Ic. t. 1921?— 
C.P. 2956. - 

Has. Not uncommon in the Central and Southern Provinces. ; 


‘Varies greatly in the amount of pubesceuce and in the shape and size of the leaves. 


3. P. Courtallensis, Miq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. v. p. 549; 
Wight, Ic. t. 1923-2 —An P. portulacoides, A. Dietr.; Wight, Ic. t. 
1922-2? An P. Zeylanica, Mig. 1. e. p. 550?—c.P. 2173. 

Var. 8; foliis majoribus acutioribusque, sepius alternis.—c.P. 2172. 
An species distincta ? 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


2. POTHOMORPHE, Miq. 


1. P. subpeltata, Miq. (Wight, Ic. t. 1925.)—c.p. 2714. 
Has. Common in damp shady places, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 
Nom. vulg. “ Mala-laboo.” 


4 


3. CHAVICA, Mig. 


1. C. Roxburghii, Miq. Syst. Piper. p. 239; Illust. Piper. p. 33. 
t. 30; Wight, Ie. t. 1928.—Piper longum, Linn.—c.. 2953. 4 ‘ 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, not very common ; also in native 
gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Tippili.” : 

2. ©. Siriboa, Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. vol. i., pars altera, p. 438, cum syn. 
—Piper Siriboa, Linn.—c.P. 3690. é 

Has. Cultivated in native gardens as a masticatory, and considered 
not indigenous. Nom. vulg. “ Rata-boolat-wel,” “ Siribo.” 

A species (c.P. 3691), called by the Ciughalese “ Seewiya-wel,” evidently very 
closely allied to the present, if not, as I suspect, a mere form of it, occurs upon 
trees and on rocks, near the banks of rivers and streams, in the Central Province; 
but I have not yet been so fortunate as to mect with specimens in flower. The 
leaves are rather firmer in texture and less suddenly acuminated than in the cultivated 
C. Siriboa, but in other respects are very similar in character to those of the latter. 

3. C. Betle, Miq. |. c. p. 439, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1926.—Piper 
Betle, Linn.—c.p. 3692. : 

Has. Cultivated very generally, as a masticatory, in native gardens 
in the warmer parts of the island, but not truly wild. Nom. vulg. 
*“ Boolat-wel.” - 


4, PIPER, Linn. 


1. P. nigram, Linn. (Miq. Illust. Piper. p. 50, t. 50; Wight, Ic. t. 
1934.)-—c.p. 2176. 


Balanophoree.]} CEYLON PLANTS. 293 


Has. Ambagamowa District; also extensively cultivated in native 
gardens. Nom. vulg. “Gam-mirris-wel.” 

2. P. trineuron, Mig. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. v. p. 555; 
Walp. Ann. i. p. 601.—c.v. 2175. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

A very distinct species, characterized by its narrow very coriaceous leaves, closely 
adnate bracts, and somewhat distant flowers, The fruit is slightly oblong, 3 lines in 
diameter. ’ 

3. P. sylvestre, Lam. (Wight, Ic. t. 1937 .)—An P. hymenophyllum, 
Miq. 1. ¢. p. 554; Wight, Ic. 2 1942 P—c.v. 3688. 

Has. On forest trees, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. N. om. vulg. 
* Mala-mirris-wel,” “ Wal-merris-wel,” “ Wal-gam-mirris-wel.” 

4. P. argyrophyllum, Mig. (Illust. Piper. p. 55. t. 56; Wight, Te. 
t. 1941.)—An P. Walkeri, iq. in Hook. Lond. Journ. of Bot. iy. 
p- 436; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 344?—c.p. 3625. 

Has. Central Province. - 

Closely allied to the preceding, from which it seems to differ but little, except in 
the texture and colour of the foliage and in its more oblong fruit. 

5, P. arborescens, Roxb. (Fl. Ind. i. p- 159; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. 
vol. i., pars altera, p. 452; Illust. Piper. t. 54; Wight, Ic. t. 1940.)— 
P. Linkii, Miq. 1. ¢. p- 53, t. 53. An P. Zeylanicum, Miq. in Hook. 
Journ. of Bot. iv. p. 436 P—c.p. 35, 2461. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

6. PB. arcuatum, Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. i. p. 67; Mia. Illust. Piper. 
p- 57, t. 48.—c.P, 2177, 2178. : 

Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province. 

Very nearly allied to the preceding, from which it differs principally in its smaller 
leaves, shorter spikes of flowers, and the distinctly peltate bracts of its male flowers. 


CXL. CHLORANTHACEZ, 


1. CHLORANTHUS, Sw. 


1. ©. brachystachys, Blume, Fl. Jav. p. 13, t. 2; Mig. Fl. Ind. 
Bat. i. p- 801, cum syn.— Ascarina serrata, Bl. Enum. i. . 80. Sar- 
candra chloranthoides, Gardner in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vi. p. 

; Walp. Ann. iii. p. 353; Wight, Ic. t. 1946.—c.p. 2207. 
Has. Not uncommon in forests of the Central Province, at an eleva- 


tion of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


CXLI. BALANOPHOREZ. 


1. BALANOPHORA, Forst. 


1. B. Indica, Wall. Cat. 7247; Weddell in Ann. Se. Nat. ser. 3, 
vol. xiv. 167. t. 9, fig. 11-22 ; Hook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxii. 
p- ya ac a Indica, Arn. in Hook. Ic. Plant. tt. 205, 206, et 
in Ann. Nat. Hist. ii. p. 36.—c.p. 200. : 

Has. Weesiie x te Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 

feet. 


294 ENUMEBATION OF [ Cycadee. 


CXLII. TRIURIDEZ. 


1, SCIAPHILA, Blume, Endl. 
+ Perianthio 6-partito. Staminibus in flore masc. 3.—Aphylleia, Champion. 


_ 1, S. secundifiora, Thw. MS. (Bentham in Hook. Journ. of Bot. 
vii. (1855) p. 10.)—c.P. 2665. 

Has. Forest of Gattehatte, near Sittawake, at no great elevation. 

Rhizoma repens, radicans. Scapi erecti, 6-14 poll. longi, albido-purpurascentes, 
pauciflori. Bractee late, acute. Flores racemosi, monoici. Pedicelli secundi, 
13-23 lin. longi. Perianthii segmenta longe subulato-acuminata, imberbia, circiter 
14 lin. longa. For. masc. superiores. Anthere late sessiles, transverse oblonge, 
contiguee, albe, Fror. raM. Ovaria parum tuberculata. Stylus ovarium vix super- 
ans, clayato-penicillatus, 

2. S. erubescens, Miers in Trans. Linn. Soc. xxi. 48.—Aphylleia 
erubescens, Champion in Cale. Journ. of Nat. Hist. vii. p. 468.—c.P. 


2666. 
“Has. Narawalla, near Galle, Champion. Ponee, near Colombo, Mr. 
W. Ferguson. 


+t Perianthio 8-partito. Staminibus in flore mase. 4.—Hyalisma, Champ. Miers. 

3. S. janthina, Thw.—Hyalisma janthina, Champion, l. c. p. 466; 
Miers, |. c. p. 49.—c.P. 2664. 

Has. Damp forests in the south of the island. 

Obs. In all the specimens of the genus Sciaphila which I have examined, the 
number of stamens in the male flower is half that of the lobes of the perianth, to 
each alternate lobe of which a stamen is opposed. 


CXLITI. CYCADEZ. 


1. CYCAS, Linn. 


1. C. circinalis, Linn. Syst. Nat. quoad plant. Malab. et Zeylan. 
(syn. aliis excl.); Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. ii. p. 1077, cum syn. (non C. cir- 
cinalis, Roxb.).—C. spherica, Roxb.; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iti. p. 7475— 
Todda-Panna, Rheed. Hort. Mal. iii. tt. 13-21.—c.P. 3689. 

Has. In scrubby hilly ground, up to an elevation of 1500 feet. Nom. 
vulg. “ Maddoo-gass.” 

The flour obtained from the seeds of this species is made into cakes and eaten by 
the Cinghalese, and is reputed a remedy for some disorders. 


Orchidaceae. ] CEYLON PLANTs. 295 


MONOCOTYLEDONES. 


CXLIV. ORCHIDACEA, 


Sect. 1. Mataxex, Lindl. 
Subsect. Liraripx, Lindl. 


1. LIPARIS, Rich. 


1G. atropurpurea, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 28.—Z,. olivacea, 
Wight, Ie. t. 903 (vix Lindl.). ZL. Walkerie, Wight, Ic. t. 905 (haud 
Grah.).—c.p. 3181. ; 

Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province, 


2. Li. Walkeriz, Grah. in Bot. Mag. t. 3770 (haud Wight).—c.p. 
2376. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 

Differs from the preceding in its smaller, more numerous flowers, and shorter pe- 
dicels ; the labellum of the present plant is also more orbicular in outline and with 
deeper crenatures, 


3. Li. Wightiana, Thw.—Z. atropurpurea, Wight, Ie. t. 904 (haud 
Lindl.).—c.p. 3179, 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 

Folia 2-3, ovata, gradatim acuminata, basi cordata, parce obliqua. Scapus 3-12 
poll., parum angulatus, pauciflorus. Bractee acute, suberecta, pedicellis breviores. 
Flores viridi-purpurascentes. Sepala oblonga, acuta. Petala linearia, marginibus 
revolutis, Labellum sepalis longius, planum, orbiculare vel suborbiculare, integrum 
vel minute retusum, 4 lin. in diam., basi callo lunato ornatum. Columna exalata. 

4. Lh. odorata, Lindl. lc. p. 26, cum syn.—L. elata, Lindl. 1.c. p. 27, 
cum syn.—c.p. 3180, 3375, 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 5000 feet. 

An extremely protean plant, varying from 8 to 18 inches or more in height, 
with leaves from 2 to 5 in number, and ovate or sometimes narrow-lanceolate in 
form. The size of the flowers also varies, and these are yellow in colour, more or 
less tinged with purple. There cannot be a doubt, I think, of this being the plant 
figured by Rheede in Hort, Mal. vol. xii. t. 28; but I have no recollection as to 
Whether the flowers are sweet-scented or otherwise, 

5. L. barbata, Lindl. Lec. 

Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Hb. Lindl.). 

I know nothing of this plant. 

6. L. longipes, Lindl. ].c. p. 30; Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. t. 35; Wight, 
Ic. t. 906.—c.p. 3177. : 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

My specimens have much smaller flowers than those of the plant represented in 
Wallich’s figure. The labellum is twice the length of the column, very much re- 
curved, and of a pale green colour, 

fe viridiflora, Lindl. L. ¢. p- 31, cum syn.—L. elliptica, Wight, 
Te. ¢::1735.—0.2, 3178. 


296 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidacee. 


Has. Central Province, on rocks and trunks of trees, at an elevation 
of 3000 to 7000 feet. 

Dr. Wight’s figure well represents the present plant. 

8. la. angustifolia, Lindl. 1. c.—c.P. 2351. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 5000 feet. 

Folia 2-4 poll. longa, 2-8 lin. lata,. mucronata, in petiolum gradatim angustata. 
Flores minimi, Capsula ovata, 14 lin. longa. 

9. L. gregaria, Lindl. |. c. p. 33, cum syn.—c.P. 2359. 

Has. Hantani and elsewhere in the Central Province. 

Flores sepe rubro-tincti. Labellwm basi bicallosum, longitudinaliter canalicula- 
tum, transverse flexuosum, apice subacutum reflexum. Axthera 6-angula. 


2. OBERONTA, Lindl. 


1. 0. forcipata, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 7.—c.P. 2511. 
Haz. Hewahette District, on trees. 


2. O. longibracteata, Lindl. Gen. Sp. Orch. p. 3; Fol. Orch. No. 8. 
—c.P. 543. 

Has. Common in the Hantani and Hewahette Districts. 

Flores pallide rufescentes, /abel/o rufo. 


3. O. truncata, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 12. 
Has. Hantani, Champion (Herb. Lindl.). 


I am not acquainted with this species. 


4, ©. verticillata, Wight, Ic. t. 1626. 

Var. 8; pubescens, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 14.—c.p. 2516, 2572. 
Has. Kornegalle District. 

5. O. tenuis, Lindl. |. c. No. 16.—c.P. 2654. 

Has. Hittawaka, on trees: March, 1853. 


6. O. Wightiana, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 1839, misc. 9 ; Fol. Orch. cum. 
syn. No. 25; Wight, Ic. t. 1627.—O. Arnottiana, Wight, Ic. t. 1628.— 
c.P. 2506. 

Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province. 

7. O. Gardneriana, Thw.; bracteis lanceolatis, acuminatis, integr's, 
floribus subequilongis ; sepalis ovato-triangularibus, subacutis, integris ; 
petalis oblongis, obtusis, denticulatis, parum reflexis.—c.P. 593. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, on trees, Gardner. ce 

Folia lanceolata, mucronata, 1-8 poll. longa. Spica densiflore, curvatee, foliis 
longiores. Flores pallide rufescentes. F 

Closely allied to the preceding, with which I had confounded it; but the exami- 
nation of recent specimens satisfies me that it is quite distinct. 

8. O. Scylle, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 28.—c.r. 3124. : 

Has. Matturatte, at an elevation of 5000 to 6000 feet: April, 1854. 


3. MICROSTYLIS, Nutt. 


1. M. Rheedii, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 21, cum syn; Wight, Ie. 
t. 902.—M. versicolor, Lindl. 1. c. ; Wight, ts: t.901. An M. luteola, 
Me Ie. t. 1632 P—c.p. 2375, 2743. 
Has. Common in shady forests in the Central Province. : 
Extremely variable in size and in the intensity of colour of the flowers and foliage. 


Orchidaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS, 297 


I cannot doubt that the plant figured in Rheed. Hort, Mal. xii. t. 27 is the present 
species, 

2. M. discolor, Lindl. p. 20; Wight, Ic. t. 1631.—c.p. 3698, 

Has. Damp forests in the Central Province. 

This is very closely allied to the preceding, but the leaves are somewhat different 
in shape and more deeply tinged with purple; and, besides having the labellum eden- 
tulate, the sepals are relatively a good deal shorter than in M. Rhcedii. 

_ 3. M. lancifolia, Thw. 3 cespitosa; caule brevi; foliis lanceolatis vel 
lineari-lanceolatis, mucronatis ; scapo elongato, pluri-bracteato ; bracteis 
acuminatis, suberectis 3 floribus racemosis.—c.P, 2742. 

Has. On trunks of trees in the Saffragam District. 

Folia 4-6, 13-3} poll. longa, 2-4 lin. lata. Flores flavidi, quoad structuram iis 
precedentis simillimi. Labellum concavum margine dentata, nec reflexa, Capsula 
. oblonga, 6-costata, 3 lin. longa, pedicello 2 lin. longo. 

4. M. purpurea, Lindl. 1. c. p- 20. 
Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindl.). 
I know nothing of this plant. 


4. DIENTA, Lindl. 


1. D. fusca, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 22.—c.r, 3182. 
Has. Central Province, Macrae. 


Subsect. Denpropipx, Lindl. 
5. DENDROBIUM, Swartz. 


1. D. Macrei, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 75; Linn. Soc. Proc. iii. 
P- 6.—D. nodosum, Dalzell in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. (1852) p. 292. 
—C.P. 3695. 

Has. On trees, in the Central Province, not uncommon. 

Flores seeping bini, aliquando solitarii vel terni. 
hr D. crumenatum, Swartz. (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 88.)—c.p. 

6. : 

Has. Common on ‘the trunks of Cocoa-nut and other trees in the 
hotter parts of the island. 

3. D. aureum, Lindl. ].c. p.77; Wight, Ic. t. 1646.—D. heterocarpum, 

- D. rhombeum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. new ser. vol. xvii. t. 17.— 
C.P. 574, 
Haz. More elevated parts of the Central Province. 


4. D. Maccarthie, Thw. in Bot. Mag. t. 4886.—c.P. 3462. 

Has. Forest between Ratnapoora “sie Galle, flowering in May. 
Nom. vulg. rT 3 Wissak-mal.” : : 

Caules penduli, flagelliformes, teretes, striati, versus apicem foliosi, 14-2-pedales ; 
nodis parce tumidis ; internodis 14-2 poll. longis. Folia pauca, lanceolata, 2}~-3 
Poll. longa, 3~] poll. lata. Racemi laterales, 4-5-flori. Pedunculi basi bracteati. 

edicelli pallidi, 10-12 lin. longi. Flores pallide purpurei. Sepala lanceolata, 23-3 

- lata. Petala subeeqnilonga, latiora. Zade//um subtrilobum vel subtrapezi- 
forme, apice rotundatum, disco atro-purpureo. Columaua albida, subquadrata. Men- 
conicum, semiapertum, semipollicaris. 

5. D. macrostachyum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 78; Wight, Ic. 
t. 1647.-¢.p, 3193. 


* 


2 


298 ENUMERATION OF | [Orchidacee. 


Has. Common in the Central Province and Saffragam District. 


6. D. nutans, Lindl. ].c. p. 90; Linn. Soc. Proc. iii. p. 17 in adnot. 
—D. Jerdonianum, Wight, Ic. t. 1644.—c.P. 2357. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

A variable plant in the shape of the leaves and colour of the flowers, which latter 
are dark-ochraceous or sometimes nearly white. 


7, D. sanguinolentum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. new ser. vol. xvi. p. 62. 
Has. Ceylon, Nightingale. 
I am not acquainted with this species. 


8. D. purpurascens, Thw. ; cespitosum ; caulibus brevissimis ; Soliis 
pancis, lineari-lanceolatis, apice angustatis, retusis, mucronatis ; racems 
foliis subequilongis, 1-3-floris; labello sepalis {petalisque latioribus 
lineari-lanceolatis «quilongo, indiviso, obtuso, versus apicem parum 
dilatato cymbiformique, minute crenulato; mento brevi, rotundato; © 
a sursum incrassata, margine utrinque breve 3-dentata.—c.P. 

Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province. 

Folia 1-4 poll. longa, 2-6 lin. lata, seepe purpurascentia. Flores albidi, semi- 
pollicares, columna atropurpurea. Bractee breves, rotundate. 


9. D. panduratum, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proc. iii. p. 19.—An D. gra- 
minifolium, Wight, Ic. t. 1649 P—c.p. 2353. 
. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 
Ceespitosum. Folia lanceolata, 1~14 poll. longa, Flores albidi, purpureo-tincti, 
semipollicares. : 


6. BOLBOPHYLLUM, Thouars. 


1. B. elegans, Gard. MS.; seapo unifloro; sepalis lateralidus 
saccum oblongum, acuminatum, superne ad basin apertum coherentibus, 
doréali ovato, acuto, libero, duplo longior:bus; petalis parvis, Janceo- 
latis ; labello valde carnoso, 3-lobo, lobis lateralibus brevibus, truncatis, 
erectis, terminali porrecto, lingueformi, apiculato, fere ad apicem fossu- 
lato.—c.P. 2350. 

Has. Hantani and Ambagamowa Districts, at an elevation of 3000 to 
5000 feet. 

Rhizoma repens, Pseudobulbi mediocres. Folia solitaria, lineari-lanceolata, 
utrinque gradatim angustata. Flores 1-1} poll. longi, viridi-purpurascentes, mact- 
lis purpureis plus minus conspersi, venis purpureis. Ladel/um flavum, purpurer- 
maculatum. Columna bicornis, flavida. 


2. B. petiolare, Thw. ; pseudobulbis parvis, confertis ; foliis aolitaris, 
ovatis, retusis, in petiolum longum angustatis ; floribus capitatis ; sepals 
eqeekiin, oblongis, acutis, quam petala plus quam duplo longioribuss 
labello obscure 3-lobo, late Tnvtantonee obtuso, convexo, medio pro- 
funde sulcato reflexoque.—c.P. 3184. 

Has. Ambagamowa, rare. be 
Bractea parvee, rotundate, acute. Capitula circiter 4-flora. Flores 3 lin. longh 
pallide ochracei, venis rubris, ee 

_ 3. B. purpureum, Thw.; pseudobulbis ovoideis, confertis ; folits 80 : 
litariis, spathulato-ovatis, retusis ; floribus capitatis ; sepalis quam Pe — 
tala duplo longioribus ; Zateralibus in unum apice retusum cohserentibus, 


a : 
Orchidacee.] — CEYLON PLANTS. 299 


dorsali libero ; labello obscure 3-lobo, valde carnoso, medio profunde 
suleato reflexoque, apice obtuso.—c.P. 3697. 

Has. Matolle, rare. 

Bractee minute. Capitula 6-8-flora. Flores 14-2 lin. longi, pallide purpurei, 
venis purpureis. 


7. CIRRHOPETALUM, Lindl. 


1. ©. Macrei, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 59 (haud Wight).—C. 
Walkerianum, Wight, Ic. t. 1657—c.p. 2362. 

Has. Hantani and Hewahette districts, at an elevation of 3000 to 
4000 feet. 

2. C. grandifiorum, Wight, Ic. t. 1656.—c.P. 3657. 

Has. Central Province, in the Maturatte and other districts, at an 
elevation of 3000 to 6000 feet. 


3. C. Wightii, Thw.—C. Maérei, Wight, Ic. t. 1652 (haud Lindl.) 
—c.P. 3160, 2740 (632). 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 

Flores atbidi vel pallide flavi, plus minus rubro-maculati, vel omnino pallide virides. 
Sepala dateralia l\inearia vel lineari-lanceolata, obtusa, dorsali rotundato, apiculato 
3-4-plo longiora. Pefala parva, acuta, minute serrulata. Ladel/um carnosum, 
lingueeforme, canaliculatum. 

Very variable in size and in the colour of the flowers: or, possibly, further obser- 
vation may show that I have confounded two distifiet though closely allied species. 


8. PHREATTIA, Lindl. 


1. P. elegans, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 63.—c.P. 3186. 
Has. Central Province, Macrae. 


9. ERIA, Lindl. 


\ 
1. E. bicolor, Lind]. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 65 (haud in Linn. Soe. 
Proe. iti. p. 58).—c.P. 2982. 
Haz. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet. 
Flores albi, columna labelloque ad basin plus minus rubro-tinctis. 


_ 2. B. Lindleyi, Thw.—B£. bicolor, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proce. iii. 
p. 58 (hand Gen. et Sp. Ogch. p. 65).—Dendrobium bicolor, Lindl. l.e. 
p- 90.—c.p. 2761. 
B. Central Province, common up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 
_3. EB. braceata, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proc. iii. p. 46.—E. reticosa, 
Wight, Ic. t.1637. E. uniflora, Dalzell in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. 
Sen erohiom braccatum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 75.—c.P. 


. 


Has. Central Province, not uncommon. 
4. E. muscicola, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proe. iii. p. 47.—An Dendro- 
bium muscicola, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 75 P—c.P. 2355. 
Has. Trunks of trees in the Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 
to 7000 feet. 
Folia acuta. Pedunculi 2-5-flori, Labellum acuminatum. 


5. E. velutina, Thw.; molliter pubescens; rhizomate repente; cau- 


300 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidaceae. 


eo 


libus brevibus, adscendentibus, 5-7-foliis; foliis anguste lanceolatis, 
coriaceis, subacutis ; pedunculis terminalibus, solitariis vel 2-nis, pauci- 
floris, folio longioribus ; sepalis obtusis, lateralibus valde obliquis, dor- 
sali lineari-lanceolato, cum petalis conformi: labello subcarnoso, lin- 
gueformi, recurvato, parum concavo, lobis lateralibus parvis, terminali 
rotundato, incrassato, papilloso.—e.P. 2349. 
P Has. Dolosbage, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 
eet. ¥ 

Folia 2-4 poll. longa. Bractee 3-4 lin. longe. Flores parvi, flavi, siccitate 
rufescentes. Columna brevis, simplex. Capsu/a 6-costata. 


10. ALWISIA, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 


1, A. tenuis, Lindl. 1. c—Eria articulata, Lindl. in Linn. Soe. Proe. 
iii. p. 47.—c.P. 2655. 
4B. Ambagamowa District, at no great elevation. 


Sect. 2. EpipenpREex, Lindl. 


Subsect. Catoeyyipx, Lindl. 


11. CHLOGYNE, Lindl. 


1. ©. breviscapa, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 9.—C. angustifolia, Wight, — 
Te. t. 1641 (haud A. Rich.).—c.p. 3121. 
_ Has. Not uncommon in the more elevated parts of the Central Pro- 
vince. 
2. C. odoratissima, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 41; Fol. Orch. No. 
10; Wight, Ic. t. 1640.—c.P. 518 (666, 667). 
Has. Newera Ellia and other elevated parts of the Central Province. 


12. PHOLIDOTA, Lindl. 


c. 31 fe : Pp: ? ight, Te. t. 907 
Vee : 8 FE i r ch. 36 V V s 


Subsect. Buetip2, Lindl. 


13. PH AIUS, Lour. 


1. P. bicolor, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 128; Wight, Ie. tt. 1659, 
1660.—c.P. 2368. oe 
Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 

Flores 3-4 poll. in exp. Sepala petalisque flava, plus minus rubro-tincta. 


2. P. luridus, Thw.; caulescens, foliis lanceolatis, acutis, apt 
sepalis cum petalis parum angustioribus lanceolatis, acutiss labe 
cucullato, rotundato, obscure trilobo, undulato, superne sparsim piloso : 
et lineis duabus contiguis elevatis antice rugulosis ornato, subtus its ce 
medio sulcato; calcare brevissimo; columna antice parum 
parce pilosa, apice denticulata; anthera pilosa.—c.P. 613. 

Has. Rakwane, in the Saffragam District. 


Orchidaceae. ]} CEYLON PLANTS. 7 


Terrestris. Caulis simplex, bipedalis. Scapi (in meis specim.) 2, foliis squi- 
longi, pluriflori. Bractee oblonge, acute. Flores 2 poll. in exp. Sepala petalaque 
flavo-viridi-rufescentia. Ladel/um flavum, utrinque macula rubra irregulari-notatum. 


14. ARUNDINA, Blume. 


1, A. minor, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 125.—c.P. 485. 
Has. Not very uncommon amongst grass in swampy places in the 
Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


15. IPSEA, Lindl. 


r, uf speciosa, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 124 (Wight, Ic. t. 1663). 
c.P. 2364. 

Has. Not uncommon amongst long grass on exposed hillsides, at an 
elevation of 4000 to 5000 feet. 


16. APATURIA, Lindl. 


1, A. montana, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 131.—c.v. 8189. 

Han. Ambagamowa District, rare. 

Scapus bipedalis, stramineus, plus minus purpureo-tinctus, basi squamis brevibus 
tectus. Bractee lineari-lanceolate, acute, reflexe. Flores straminei, externe basi 
apiceque purpurei. 


17. ANTA, Lindl. 


1, A. bicornis, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xv. new ser. misc. p. 37.—A. lati- 
Solia, Wight, Ic. t. 914 (haud Lindl.) ; “folio oblongo-lanceolato, car- 
noso, scapo breviore; /abelli lobo medio emarginato, apiculato, basi 
lamellato, lamella tertia versus apicem interjecta; anthera bicorni,” 
Lindl. 1. e.—c.p. 3190. : 

Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Tota planta plus minus purpureo-tincta. Sepala petalaque pallide flavo-viridia, 
purpurascentia. 

2. A. maculata, Thw. ; folio lanceolato, delicatule venuloso, nowt 
cule petiolato ; scapo subequilongo ; al HM. 9 subconformibu: 
lanceolatis, acutis ; Zabello 3-lobo, disco trilamellato, lobis lateralibus 
parum brevioribus, erectis, obtusis, intermedio rotundato, subacuto, 
concayo ; calcare brevi, cylindrico, truncato.—c.P. 3515. : 

Has. A single specimen collected at Hapootelle, at an elevation of 
5000 feet. 

Glabra. Pseudobulbus conicus. Scapus bipedalis. Bractee anguste lanceolate, 
acute, flore breviores. Sepala wabdladee pallide viridia, hzec seriebus linearibus 6, 
illa 4 macularum purpurearum longitudinaliter notata. Zadel/um album, interne 
Versus basin purpureo-maculatum. Colwmana flava. 


Sect. 3. Vanprex, Lindl. 
Subsect. Sancanruips, Lindl. 


18. EULOPHIA, R. Br. 


1. B. macrostachys, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. Pp. 183 (Wight, Te. tt. 
1667, 1668).—c.P. 3188. 


302 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidaceae. 


. 


~ Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 


4000 feet. . 
9. E. virens, R. Br. (Lindl. 1.c. p. 182, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 913.) 
—c.P. 2369. 


Has. Central Province, not very common. 


3. &. grandiflora, Lindl. |. c. p. 181. 
Has. Ceylon, Mavrae (Herb. Lindl.). 


I have not met with this species, nor is there a specimen of it in this herbarium. 


4, E. explanata, Lindl. l.c. p. 180. 
Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindl.). 


I am not acquainted with this species. 


19. CYRTOPERA, Lindl. 


1. C. rufa, Thw.; rhizomate tuberoso; scapo squamis distantibus 
circiter 3 vaginato; bracteis anguste lanceolatis, ovario equilongis ; se- 
palis equalibus, oblongo-lanceolatis, acutis, quam petala obovata acuta 
seh longioribus ; labello cucullato, 3-lobo, interne venis pilosis, lobis 

ateralibus obtusis, intermedio rotundato, apiculato sequilongis ; calcare 
brevi, obtuso ; colwmna lineari, ad medium parum contracta.—c.P. 3566. 

Has. Hantani, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Scapus bipedalis, rufescens. Flores rufi, 2 poll. in exp. Capsula oblonga, obtuse 
sexangula, 23 poll. longa, 1 poll. in diam. oléa nondum vidi. 

2. ©. Gardneri, Thw.; acaulis ; rhizomate tuberoso ; foliis anguste 
lanceolatis, plicatis ; scapo foliis equilongo, 6-12-floro; sepalis xqua- 
libus, lanceolatis, acutis, quam petala oblonga longioribus; labello 

E saccato, 3-lobo, disco lineis pluribus elevatis ornato, lobis latera- 
ibus latis, brevibus, rotundatis, erectis, intermedio reflexo, ovato, un- 
dulato, obtuso.—C. laxiflora, Gardn. MSS.—c.P. 2370. . 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Scapus bipedalis, rufescens. Bractee anguste lanceolate, acute, ovario breviores- 
Sepala pollicaria, pallide viridia, plus minus rufescentia, Petada albida. . Labellum 
albidum vel pallide flavum, disco rubro-tincto. 


20. LUISIA, Gaud. 


1, L. tenuifolia, Blume, Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. i. p. 64; Lindl. 
Fol. Orchid. No. 3, cum syn.—Cymbidium tenuifolium, NGndt Gen. et 
Sp. Orch. p. 167.—An Wight, Ic. t. 1689 P—c.r. 3530. 

Z ag On trees in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 
eet. 

Flores albidi, sepalis petalisque pallide purpurascentibus. Labelli lobi laterales 
parvi, interne purpurei; ixtermedius oblongus, disco couvexo marginibusque atro- 
purpureis, postice levis, antice convexus, 4-sulcatus, apice flavidus, planus, truncatus, 
breve bilobus. 


2. L. Beylanica, Lindl. Fol. Orch. No. 7.—c.p. 2347. 

Has. Common on trees in the Central Province. 
3. L, bicandata, Thw. ; caulescens ; fo/iis membranaceis, lineari-lan- 
ceolatis, acutis, parum faleatis, apice breve bifidis, parce obliquis; 7 
cemis oppositifoliis, folio longioribus ; sepalis ovatis, acutis,, dorso 
_ apicem alato-carinatis ; petalis parum angustioribus, ecarinatis ; lo 


Orchidaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 303 


inflato-cymbiformi, apice abrupte angustato, longe subulato-bifido.— 
c.P. B494. 

Has. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts. 

Folia 3-4 poll. longa, 2 poll. lata. Flores 3 poll. in exp., flavi, /abel/o interne 
postice late carinato, antice versus marginem radiatim rubro-lineato. 


21. COTTONIA, Wight, Ic. t. 1755. 


1. C. peduncularis.—C. macrostachya, Wight, 1. c—Vanda pedun- 
eularis, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 216.—c.r. 2361. 

Has. Warmer parts of the Central Province. 

Sepala petalaque reflexa, fusca, venis marginibusque flavis. Zadel/wm atro-pur- 
pureum, margine pilosula fossulaque flavis, lobis lateralibus parvis adnatis auricula- 
tum, oblongum, convexum, medio constrictum, prope basin rigide pilosum et tuber- 
culo parvo stipitato piloso munitum, a medio versus apicem abrupte fossulatum. 
Columna erecta, apice triloba, lobis lateralibus minoribus gibbis, delicatule muricatis. 


22. VANDA, R. Br. 


1. V. Roxburghii, R. Br. in Bot. Reg. t. 506; Bot. Mag. t. 2245; 
Wight, Ic..t. 916.—c.r. 2346. 

Has. Hot, drier northern parts of the island. * 

2. V. spathulata, Spreng. (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 216; Fol. 
Orchid. ; Wight, Ic. t. 915.)—c.P. 2345. 


23, ACAMPE, Lindl. Fol. Orchid. 


1. A. Wightiana, Lindl. 1. e—Vanda Wightiana?, Wight, Ic. t. 
1670. V. fasciata, Gardn. MSS.—c.p. 2342. : 

Var. 8; foliis latioribus ; pedunculis elongatis, ramosis.—c.P. 3392. 
—An species distincta ? 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. Hantani—Var. 8. Ambagamowa and Hu- 
nasgiria Districts. 

Sepala petalisyue flava, interne transverse rubro-striata. Labelli lamina triangu- 
lari-ovata, parce transverse rubro-striata, convexa, subcarinata, basi tuberculata, (in 
meis specim.) edentata. » 

I suspect that var. 8 will prove to be a distinct species, but until T have an oppor- 
tunity of examining fresh specimens of it I cannot determine satisfactorily. 

2. A. congesta, Lindl. 1. c—Vanda congesta, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. 
1839, Mise. n. 39. 

Has. Ceylon, Loddiges. 

I know nothing of this species except from Dr. Lindley’s description. 


24. SACCOLABIUM, Blume. 


1. S. guttatum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 220, cum syn. ; Wight, 
Te. tt. 1745, 1746.—c.P. 2344. é 

Has. Hot, dry, northern parts of the island, on trees. 

2. S. curvifolium, Lindl. |.c. p. 222. 

Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindl.). 

With this species I am not acquainted, and there is neither specimen nor drawing 
of it in this collection. 


304 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidacee. 


3. S. lineolatum, Thw.; caulescens ; foliis linearibus, canaliculatis, 
oblique retusis ; racemis ramosis, multifloris ; sepalis petalisque parum 
minoribus oblongis, obtusis; labelli lamina sagittato-triloba, lobis la- 
teralibus acutis recurvis, intermedio majore, ovato, obtuso ; caleare cy- 
lindrico.—c.P. 2741. 

‘ Has. On trees in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 
eet. 

Folia 6-8 poll. longa, % poll. lata. Sepala petalaque circiter 3 lin. longa, flava, 
interne delicatule transverse rubro-striata. Zade//i lamina alba, sparsissime rubro- 
maculata. Calcar flavum. — Capsula cylindrica, 2 poll. longa, 3 Jin. lata. 

4, S. niveum, Lindl. 1. c. p. 224.—c.p. 2340. 

Has. Central Province, not uncommon, at an elevation of 3000 to 
4000 feet. 

‘ Labelli lamina carnosa, concava, obtusa. Pollinia aurantiaca. Capsula 2 lin. 
onga. ‘ 

5. S. acuminatum, Thw.; caulescens ; foliis carnosulis, lanceolatis, 
acuminatissimis ; racemis lateralibus, brevibus ; sepalis petalisque pa- 
rum minoribus obovatis, obtusis; labelli calcare cylindrico, mterne 
dente dorsali parvo bifido, Jamina xquilonga, triloba, lobis lateralibus 
obtusis, intermedio ovato, concavo, obscure retuso.—c.P. 3376. 

- Has. Saffragam District, at no great elevation. 

Folia 4-5 poll. longa, 3 lin. lata. Racemi bipollicares. Flores 3 lin. in exp. 
Sepala petalaque pallide viridia, fulvo-marginata. Labellum albidum, lobis laterali- 
bus rubris. Capsu/a reflexa, 8 lin. longa. 

The dorsal tooth within the labellum of this species indicates an approach to 
Cleisostoma. 

6. S. gracile, Lindl. l.c. p. 225.—c.p. 2528. 

Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 feet. 

7. S. roseum, Lindl. |.c.—Sarcanthus Walkerianus, Wight, Ic. t. 
1686. —c.P. 489. 

Haz. Common upon trees in the Central Province, up to an elevation 
of 4000 feet. 

8. S. brevifolium, Lindl. 1.c.; Linn. Soc. Proc. iii. p. 35.—S. pires- 
cens, Gardn, MSS.—c.p. 488, 2341. . 

Has. Common in forests in the Central Province. The variety with 
deep red flowers and more coriaceous leaves occurs at an elevation of 


6000 to 8000 feet. 
25. SCHGENORCHIS, Blume. 


1. S. juncifolia, Blume ; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 243.—Sarcan- 
gt data Wight, Ic. t. 1684. 8. roseus, Wight, Te. t. 1685.—c.P. 


Has. Trees in forests in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
4000 to 6000 feet. 


This would seem to be scarcely generically distinct from Saccolabium. 


26. CLEISOSTOMA, Blume. 


1. G. maculosa, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 227.—c.. 3193. 
Has. Central Province, not common. 


_Orchidacee.} : CEYLON PLANTS. 305 


Folia subtus precipue versus basin, cum pedunculis capsulisque, creberrime pur- 
pureo-maculata. ores flavidi, plus minus rubro-tincti. 


“4 C. acaulis, Lindl. 1. c—Vanda jfimbriata, Gardn. MSS.—c.r. 
3191. 

Has. Hantani, on trees, rare, Gardner. 

Labelium saccatum, trilobum, lobis lateralibus brevibus, carnosis, erectis, parum 
acutis, antice convergentibus, terminali omnino externo, subtriangulari, fimbriato, 
reflexo, 

3. C. galeata.—Saccolabium galeatum, Gardn. MSS.—Caulescens, 
Joliis coriaceis, linearibus, obliquis, obtusis, emarginatis ; floribus race- 
mosis vel subpaniculatis, ad apicem pedunculi folio subequilongi con- 
fertis; sepalis petalisque conformibus, obovato-spathulatis, obtusis ; 
labelli saccati lobis lateralibus brevibus, truncatis, carnosis, terminali 
parvo, ovato, retuso, parce papilloso; dente dorsali triangulari, apice 
emarginato.—c.p, 2343. 

Has. Not uncommon on trees in the Central Province. 

Folia 6 poll. longa, } poll. lata. Flores circiter 4 lin. in exp., flavi, rubro-macu- 
i. Capsule 1 poll. longe, 2 lin, late. 


27. THNIOPHYLLUM, Blume. 


1, T. Alwisii, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proce. iii. p. 42.—c.P. 3195. 

Has. Ambagamowa District. A single specimen detected upon the 
branch of a Symplocos, by Mr. H. De-Alwis, the draftsman of the Pe- 
radenia Garden. 

Minutum, acaule, aphyllum. Radices virides, carnose, repeutes, complanatee, 
Scapus erectus, $ poll. longus. Bractee carinate. Flores spicati, pauci, minutis- 
simi, pallide virides, Sepa/a petalaque conformia, cum labello in perianthium acute 
6-dentatum connata. Label/um saccatum, lamina cymbiformi, marginibus liberis. 
Columna brevis, Pollinia 4, pyriformia, in glandulam sessilia. dathera quadrata, 
subquadrilocularis. 


28. OCTARRHENA, Thw. (gen. nov.) 


Sepala qualia, libera. Petala multo minora. Labellum petalis 
subconforme, parum cymbiforme. Colwmna brevissima, subhemisphe- 
rica. Stigma transverse oblongum. Pollinia 8 (4-4) libera, spherica ; 
caudicula lineari, medio bifurca ; glandula parva, rotundata. ee 

Herba a, epiph caulescens, cespitosa; folizs distichis, subey is, 
acutis ; pabeibis entiaben paucifloris ; foriéus minutis, pallide viridibus. 

1. O. parvula, Thw.—c.p. 3072. : 

es Central’ Province, on forest trees, at an elevation of 3000 to 

eet. 


29. AERIDES, Lour. 


1. A. Wightianum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 238; Linn. Soc. 
. ii, p. 40, cum syn; Bot. Mag. t. 5138.—A. testaceum, Lindl. 
Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 238. Vanda parviflora, Lindl.; Wight. Ic. t. 
1669.—c.P. 752. : 
. Not uncommon upon trees, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


2, A. tessellatum, Wight, (Lindl. l.c. p. 240?)—c.P. — 
2B 


306 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidacee. 


Has. Hunasgiria District; Mr. H. De Alwis. 

Sepala pollicaria, lateralia obovata, dorsale pefa/aque conformia angustiora, omnia 
pallide fusco-viridia, interne rubro-lineata maculataque. Ladel/i albidi calear coni- 
cum; laminze lobi laterales erecti, acuti; terminalis major, ovatus, retusus, flavo- 
tinctus, lineis rubris circiter 8 longitudinaliter notatus. 

The above description is taken from a carefully executed drawing in this library : I 
have not seen the plant in a fresh state, nor are there specimens of it in the herba- 
rium. 

3. A. cylindricum, Lindl. l.c. (Wight, Ic. t. 1744.)—c.p. 2348. 

Has. On trees, not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

Flores albidi. Ladelli lobi laterales interne longitudinaliter delicatule purpureo- 
striati, intermedius disco lutens, 4-sulcatus, apice purpureo-maculatus. 


30. DENDROCOLLA, Blume. 


& . os Lindl. MSS. Liparis serreformis, Lindl. 1.¢. 33. 
—c.P. 3209. : 
Has. Ambagamowa and Saffragam Districts, rare. 


: Sepala petalaque lanceolata, acuta, hee angustiora. Columna brevis, gibba. Pol- 
linia 4, 2 interiora multo minora. Axthera rotundata. 


31. GiCEOCLADES, Lindl. 
1, GE. tenera, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 236 (Wight, Ic. t. 1683). 
—c.P. 2983. 
Has. Central Province, on trees, at an elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 
Sepala petalaque flava vel pallide viridia, seepe venis rubris. Labed/i laminee lobi 


laterales truncati, parum rotundati crenulatique, petalis concolores, intermedius albus, 
calcar breve, cylindricum, dente interno dorsali truncato parum emarginato clausum. 


32. DIPLOCENTRUM, Lindl. 


1. D. reeurvum, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 218; Wight, Ic. t. 1680. 
—An D. longifolium, Wight, Ic. t. 1681.—o.P. 3192. 
Has. Central Province, Gardner. 


33, ANGRASCUM, Thouars. 
‘nn A. zeylanicum, Lindl. in Linn. Soc. Proc. vol. iii. p. 40—¢.?. 
Has. Narawelle, near Galle, Champion. 


34. APPENDICULA, Blume. . 
1. A. longifolia, Blume, Bijdr. p. 304; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 
p- 230?—c.p. 3208. : 
Has. Ambagamowa District, rare. 
Folia 3-5 poll. longa, } poll. lata, retusa, mucronata. 


The present agrees very well with Blume’s description, but in my specimens the 
flowers are not in a sufficiently perfect state for analysis. 
35. PODOCHILUS, Blume. 


1. P. faleatus, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch, p. 234.—c.P. 2527. 


* 


Orchidaceae. ] CEYLON PLANTS. 307 


Has. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 3000 to 
6000 feet. 


2. P. saxatilis, Lindl. l.c. p. 235.—c.r. 3194. 
Has. Hantani and Ambagamowa Districts. 


36. CYLINDROCHILUS, Thw. (gen. nov.) 


Sepala petalaque subconformia, patentia. Labellum eylindrico-cucul- 
latum, brevi-saccatum, erectum, column basi producta articulatum, 
3-lobum, lobis lateralibus oblongis, obliquis, intermedio brevissimo, 
truncato, Cvlwmna brevis, antice excavata. Pollinia 2, bipartibilia, 
rotundata, compressa, medio caudicule late brevis affixa ; glandula 
parva, rotundata, Anthera rotundata, bilocularis—Herba epiphyta, 
caulescens, foliis coriaceis, lineari-oblongis, oblique retusis; pedunculis 


' lateralibus ; floribus paucis, capitatis ; capsulis longiusculis, cylindricis. 


1. ©. pulchellus, Thw.—c.p. 2354. 

Has. Central Province and at Kornegalle, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet. 

Flores albi, 7 lin. in exp. Ladellum interne capitellato-pilosum, externe ad api- 
= maculis paucis fulvis cingulatum. Capsule 24 poll. longze, 1} lin. late, 6-cos- 


37. JOSEPHIA, Wight. 


1. J. lanceolata, Wight, Ic. t. 1742.—Polystachya ramosa, Gardn. 
MSS.—c.p. 2358. 
Has. Very abundant on trees in the Central Province. 


Subsect. Cryprocuitips, Lindl. 


38. ACANTHOPHIPPIUM, Blume. 


1. A. bicolor, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. xx. t. 1730.—c.P. 2365. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 2000 feet. eis 

Pseudobulbi ovati. Folia sepius 3, 9-18 poll. longa, 23-44 poll. lata, utrinque 
acuta. Scapus brevis, 2-7-florus. Bractee ovato-lanceolate, pollicares. Flores 
Sesquipollicares, flavi, ad apicem plus minus rubro-tincti maculatique. Sepalorum 
apices liberi obtusi, reflexi. Petala angustiora, Zadelli lobi laterales rotundati, in- 
curvi; intermedius linguseformis, carnosus, obtusus, deflexus; discus 3-lamellatus ; 

ellis exterioribus tuberculatis, intermedia tenui, utrinque mucronata. 


Subsect. Buassrpx, Lindl. 


39. CYMBIDIUM, Swartz. 


1. G. ensifolium, Swartz ; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 162, cum syn. 
—C. hematodes, Lindl. 1. c.—c.P. 3694. 

Has. Hantani, in the Central Province. San 

The shape of the labellum of the Ceylon plant is so precisely similar to that of the 
variety of C ensifolium figured in Bot. Reg. t. 1976, that I cannot doubt the plants 
being identical in species. 


308 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidaceae. 


2. C. bicolor, Lindl. 1.c. cum syn.—c.p. 3379. 

Has. Common on trees, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

3. GC. aloifolium, Swartz, (Lindl. l.c. cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. tt. 1687, 
1688).—c.P. 754. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


Subsect. Maxittaripx, Lindl. 


40. POLYSTACHYA Hook. 


1, P. luteola, Hook. Exot. Fl. t. 103; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 73, 
cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1678.—c.r. 2360. ‘ 
Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island, on trees. 


Subsect. Catantuips, Lindl. 


41. CALANTHE, RB. Br. 


J+ G. veratrifolia, R. Br. (Lindl. Fol. Orchid. cum syn.)—c.P. 2867. 
Var. 8. discolor.—o.P. 2371. 


: Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province. Var: 8. At an eleva- 
tion of 6000 to 7000 feet. 
2. ©. Masuca, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 249, cum syn; Fol. 


Orchid. cum syn.—C. purpurea, Lindl. le. C. emar inata, Wight, 
Te. t. 918.—c.P. 2366. ies . 


Has. Ambagamowa District, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 feet. 
Folia utringue molliter pubescentia. Bractee lanceolate vel ovato-lanceolatee. 

ots discus tuberculatus ; lobi laterales oblongi, obliqui; calcar pedicello sequi- 
ngum, 


42. GEODORUM, Jacks. 


1. G. dilatatum, R. Br. (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p.175; Fol. Orchid. 
cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 912.)—c.p. 3196. 

Has. Central Province, amongst grass in shady places. 

2. G. fucatum, Lindl. in Bot. Reg. t. 1687; Fol. Orch. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (Herb. Lindl.). 


T have never met with this species, nor is there a specimen or drawing of it in this 
collection. 


Sect. 4. Opurex, Lindl. 
Subsect., Saryriapx, Lindl. 


43. SATYRIUM, Swartz. 


1. S. Nepalense, D. Don (Lindl. in Linn. Soe. Proc. iii. p. ». Coes 
syn. seq.; Wight, Ic. t. 929).—S. Perottetianum, A. Rich.; Wight, Ic. 
t.1716. 8. albiftorwm, A. Rich.; Wight, Ic. t. 1717. S. pallidum, 
A. Rich.—c.p. 227 (522). 

Has. Abundant about Newera Ellia. 


Orchidacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. _ 309° 


Subsect. Gymnaprnip2x, Lindl. 


44. ATE, Lindl. 


1, A. virens, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 327; Wight, Ic. t. 998.— 
c.P. 3200. 

Has. Maturatte District, at an elevation of 4000 feet. . 

Petala oblata, obliqna, laciniis sequalibus. 


2. A. acuminata, Thw. ; foliis anguste lanceolatis bracteisque rotun- 
dato-ovatis, setaceo-acuminatis ; petalis linearibus, obliquis lacinia an- 
teriore longiore, ancuste lineari ; Jabello trifido, lobis linearibus, obtusis, 
lateralibus divergentibus, longioribus ; calcare clavato, obtuso, ovario 
fere equilongo.—o.r. 514. 

Has. Rambodde and above Galagama, at an elevation of 4000 to 
5000 feet. 

_ Caulis 1-3-pedalis, sparse foliosus. Folia 2-4 poll. longa. Flores secundi. Sepala 
rotundata petalaque pallide viridia. Labed/um glabrum, fulvam. 

This bears a considerable general resemblance to Habenaria Heyneana, Lindl., 
but is totally distinct from it. 


45. HABENARIA, Willd. 


1. EZ. macrostachya, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 307.—c.P. 3197. 
Has. Hantani, Gardner. 
Sepala longiuscule acuminata. Petala fere ad basin divaricato-bifida. 


2, HZ. dichopetala, Thw.; foliis ovatis vel ovato-lanceolatis, acutis ; se- 
palis lateralibus ovatis, acutis, dorsali rotundato, concavo; petalis bipar- 
titis, sinu lato, laciniis elongatis, setaceis, anteriore angustiore, parum 
longiore; labello tripartito, laciniis elongatis, setaceis, equalibus; calcare 
cylindrico, parum clavato, subacuto, ovario equilongo.—c.P. 3564. 

Has. Bintenne District, at no great elevation. : 

Caulis bipedalis, medio foliosus, dimidio inferiore squamatus, Spica pauciflora. 
Sepala circiter 3 lin. longa. 

3. EZ. dolichostachya, Thw.; foliis ovatis, gradatim acuminatis, 
acutis, basi rotundatis ; spica elongata; bracteis ovato-acuminatis, flori- 
bus wquilongis ; sepalis lateralibus ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, dorsali 
ooh breviore, rotundato, mucronato ; petalis subequilongis, falcatis, 

ifidis, lacinia anteriore nana ; /abello tripartito, laciniis linearibus an- 
gustissimis, lateralihbus divergentibus, petalis sequilongis, intermedia 
parum longiore.—c.p. 3199. 

Has. Rambodde, Gardner. 

Caulis 3-pedalis, medio foliosus, dimidio inferiore squamatus. Folia 2-3-poll. 
longa, superiora minora. Spica pedalis, laxiflora. Sepada circiter,3 lin. longa. 

4, EL. viridifiora, R. Br. (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 319; Wight, 
Te. t. 1705.) —c.r. 2372. ; 

Has. Common in the Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 
-7000 feet. 

5. EL. pterocarpa, Thw. ; foliis lanceolatis ; floribus majusculis ; se- 
palis lateralibus deflexis, oblique lanceolatis, acutis, dorsali parum bre- 
viore, rotundato, subacuto, petala equilonga, falcato-linearia, obtusa 


310 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidaceae. 


includente ; labello sepalis duplo longiore, tripartito, lobis linearibus, 
lateralibus acutis, parum longioribus, recurvis; calcare cylindrico, 
parum clavato, obtuso, quam ovarium 6-alatum fere triplo longiore.— 
c.P. 3201. 

Has. Rambodde, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Caulis sesquipedalis, foliosus, fo/iis 2-6 poll. longis, superioribus gradatim mino- 
ribus. JVores albidi, calcare 3% poll. longo, pallide viridi. 

6. EH latifolia, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 321. 

Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindi.). 


I have not met with this species, nor are there specimens of it in this herbarium. 


7. Hi. plantaginea, Lindl. 1. c. p. 323, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 1710. 
—c.P. 2374. 
Has. Not uncommon in the hot drier parts of the island. 


8. H. crinifera, Lindl. 1.c.; Wight, Ic. t. 926.—c.P. 207. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


46. PLATANTHERA, Rich. 


1. P. cubitalis, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 292 P—Habenaria cubi- 
talis, R. Br. Prod. Orchis eubitalis, Linn. ; Willd. iv. p. 17; Fl. Zeyl. 
n. 320.—c.P. 3202. 

Has. Pasdun Corle, at no great elevation. 

Petala ovato-oblonga, obtusa. 

There can be little doubt, I think, of this being the Orchis cubitalis, Linn., with 

~ the description of which in ‘ Flora Zeylanica’ it agrees very well; but Lindley’s plant 
would appear to be probably different, since he describes the petals as subulate. 


2. P.rhynchocarpa, Thw.; caule dimidio inferiore, folioso; foliis 
lanceolatis ; spica brevi, compacta; bracteis lanceolatis, acutissimis, 
ovario subequilongis; sepalis lateralibus ovatis, subacutis, deflexis, 
dorsali parum breviore, rotundato, cucullato, petala lineari-spathulata, 
acuta, subequilonga includente ; Jabello sepalis lateralibus sequilongo, 
a medio tripartito, laciniis lineari-lanceolatis, acutis, lateralibus parum 
brevioribus ; caleare cylindrico, obtuso, porrecto, quam ovarium lon- | 
giuscule rostratum dimidio longiore.—c.p. 3058. 

Has. Above Galagama, at an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Caulis 1-2-pedalis. Folia 2-6 poll. longa, Flores albi, sepalis 3-4 lin. longis, 
caleare 13 lin. longo, apice viridi. 


47. PERISTYLUS, Blume. 


1, P. goodyeroides, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 299. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (Herb. Hook.). 

2. PB. plantagineus, Lindl. 1. c. p. 3000; Wight, Ic. t. 921. 

Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindl.). 

3. P. spiralis, Wight, Ic. t. 1696.— P. Lawii, Wight, Ic. t. 1695.— 
c.P. 226 (523). : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 
_4, PB. aristatus, Lindl. lc. p. 300.—P. evilis, Wight, Ic. t. 1698. 
P. robustior, Wight, Ie. t. 1699.—c.P. 3081, 2373. 

Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province, common. 


Orchidacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 311 


5. P. brevilobus, Thw.; caule gracili, dimidio inferiore distanter 
folioso ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis,. acutis ; spiea brevi, densiflora ; brac- 
teis ovato-lanceolatis, acutis, ovario subequilongis ; sepalis petalisque 
obtusis, his latioribus ; Zabello obcordato, lobo intermedio minuto.—c.P. 
3493. 

Has. Near Ratnapoora. 


Subsect. Corycrpx, Lindl. 


48. DISPERIS, Swartz. 


1. D. tripetaloidea, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 371, cum syn.; 
Wight, Ie. t. 930.—c.p. 2363. 

Has. Not uncommon in damp forests of the Central Province, at an 
elevation of 3000 to 5000 feet. 


Flores pallide purpurei. 


Sect. 5. AnztuusEx, Lindl. 
Subsect. Gastropipz, Lindl. 


49. GASTRODIA, R. Br. 


1. G. Javanica, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 385.—Ephiphanes Java- 
nica, Blume, Bijdr. p. 421.—c.p. 3463. 
Has. Hinidoon Kanda, and Carawitta Kanda, near Ratnapoora. ' 
This agrees so well with Blume’s description, that I cannot doubt its being his 
plant. 
50. EPIPOGIUM, Gmel. 
Lindl, in Linn, Soe. Proc. i. p. 176. 
Galera, Blume. Podanthera, Wight. Ceratopsis, Lindl. 


1. EB. nutans, Lindl. lc. p. 177.—Galera nutans, Blume, Bijdr. 
Pp. 415. Podanthera pallida, Wight, Ic. t. 1759.—c.P. 3205. : 

Has. Not very uncommon, in damp shady places, up to an elevation 
of 2000 feet. 

Tota planta albida, vel floribus bracteisque rubro-maculatis. 


Subsect. Vaniiiipx, Lindl. 


‘61. CYRTOSIA, Blume. 


1. G. Javanica, Blume, Bijdr. p. 396; Rumphia, t. 69.—c.r. 3208. 
Har. Central Province, at the roots of Coffee-trees. Passbage, Gardn. 
Poondool Oya, J. Nietner, Esq. 


52. VANILLA, Plumier. 


1, V. Walkerize, Wight, Ic. t. 932.—An V. aphylla, Wight, Ic. t. 
931 P (non Blume).—o.P. 2964. : 


312 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidacee. 


Has. Galle and Negumbo. 

Labellum fauce rubescens. : 

I have unfortunately been unable to make a careful analysis of the flower of this 
beautiful plant, the only flower I have seen, and from which the draftsman made his 
drawing, having been inadvertently thrown away. 


2. V. Moonii, Thw. ; foliis carnosis, oblongis, acuminatis, subsessi- 
libus; spicis brevibus, plurifloris ; bracteis brevibus, acutis; sepalis 
petalisque conformibus, lanceolatis, conniventibus; labello cuc lato, 
margine crenulato.— V. aromatica?, Moon’s Cat. p. 60.—c.P. 3204. 

Has. Cultura, Moon. Negumbo and Kornegalle. 

Sepala petalaque fulva, apice nigrescentia. Labellum pallide viride, diseo albo, 
rag seriebus apice convergentibus macularum fulvarum ornato. Ovarium albi- 

um. 

I have not seen the flowers of this plant in afresh state. The description of their 
colour is taken from a drawing in this library. 


Sect. 6. Nzorren, Lindl. 
Subsect. Craniconipx, Lindl. 


53. ZOSTEROSTYLIS, Blume. 


1, Z. Zeylanica, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 446.—Z. Walkere, 

Wight, Ic. t. 1748-4.—c.P. 383. 
. Not uncommon in shady forests of the Central Province, up to 

an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Folia ovalia vel elliptica, subtrinervia, nitida, 3~7 poll. longa, longipetiolata. 
_ Scapus 1-3-pedalis. Columna brevissima, basi tuberculato-callosa. Stigma disci- 
forme, emarginatum. Clinandrium latum, concavum, marginibus acutis nee mem- 
branaceis, -Anthera disjunctim bilocularis. Pollinia basi attenuata curvataque; 
glandula communi parva, oblonga, 


Subsect. SprrantHip2”, Lindl. 


54. SPIRANTHES, L. C. Rich. 


1, S. australis, Lindl. Linn. Soc. Proc. i. p. 178, cum syn.—S. aus- 

tralis et derisa, Wight, Ic. t. 1724.—c.P. 550. : f the 
Has. Common amongst » in th arts 0 

Sperry ana mang gst grass, in the more elevated p 


Subsect. Puysuripz, Lindl. 


55. ZEUXINE, Lindl. 


1. Z. suleata, Lindl. Linn. Soc. Proc. i. p. 186, cum syn. Sed, — 
Zz. et Hae Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 485. Z. robusta, Wight, 
Ic. ie . Z. brevifolia, Wight, Ic. t. 1725.—c.r. 3017. 

. Amongst grass, in the warmer parts of the island. 


Orchidaceae. | CEYLON PLANTS. 313 


56. MONOCHILUS, Wallich. 


1. M. longilabris, Lindl. Linn. Soc. Proc. i. p. 186.—M. affinis, 
Wight, Ic. t. 1728.—c.P. 2377. 
Has. Hot drier parts of the island, not common. 


2. ME. nervosus, Wall. MSS: (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 487.) 
Has. Ceylon, Walker, Gardner (Herb. Hook.). 


3. M. flavus, Wall. MSS.; Lindl. 1. c.—c.r. 3120, 
Has. Raxawa and Ambagamowa, in the Central Province, at an 
elevation of 3000 feet. 


4. Mi. regius, Lindl. 1. c.—c.P. 26438. ‘ 
Has. Damp forests, in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘“ Eeree-rajah.” 


57. CHEIROSTYLIS, Blume. 


1. C. parvifolia, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 488 ; Linn. Soe. Proc. i. 
p:187.—c.r. 3071. 
Has. Ambagamowa District, rare. 


2. G. flabellata, Wight, Ic. t. 1727; Lindl. 1. c. cum syn. seq.— 
Goodyera flabellata, A. Rich.; Ann. des Sci. Nat. ser. 2, xv. p. 79, 
t. Eng Zeuxine moniliformis, Griff. Notule, ii. p. 397, t. 350.—c.P. 
3377. 

Has. Ambagamowa District, rare. 

Closely allied to the preceding: can it be merely a more highly developed form 
of it ? 


58. RHAMPHIDIA, Lindl. 
Linn. Soc. Prod. i. p. 190. 


1. R. elongata, Lindl—Goodyera_ (sect. Rhamphidia) elongata, 
Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 494.—c.P. 2739. : 

Has. Hewahette and Ambagamowa Districts, at an elevation of 4000 
feet. : 


2. R. Gardneri, Thw.; subcaulescens ; foliis oblongis, utrinque an- 
gustatis, glabris, scapo tomentello brevioribus ; ca elongata, tenui, 
pluriflora ; bracteis anguste lanceolatis, ovario su uilongis ; sepalis 
petalisque ovatis, obtusiusculis ; labello parum breviore, “saccitorm, 


. 


ovoideo, acuto, dimidio apicali clauso, interne parcissime brevi-piloso ; 
columna \abelli aperture meagan subquadrata, apice spimis 2 uncinatis 
auriculata ; vostello profunde bifido ; anthera dorsali.—c.P. $425. ’ 
Has. Central Province, Gardner. poe: h 
Bipedalis, Folia 3-5 poll. longa, 3-nervia, subtus purpurascentia. Sepata petala- 
que rufo-fuscescentia, 2 lin. longa. Labellum flayum. 


59. GOODYERA, R. Br. 


i a procera, Hook. Exot. Flor. t. 39; Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. 
p. 493, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 1729.—c.P. 597. 


Has. Common in damp forests, up to an elevation of AG Noe 
8 


314 ENUMERATION OF [ Orchidaceae. 


2. G. fumata, Thw. ; subcaulescens, foliis majusculis, oblongis, utrin- 
que angustatis, glabris, scapo brevioribus ; spica sparsiflora, elongata; 
rachi glanduloso-pilosa; bracteis lanceolatis, acutis, floribus subequi- 
longis ; sepalis oblongis, acutis; Jabello concavo, abrupte in ligulam 
zquilongam arcte revolutam angustato.—c.P. 3668. 

Has. Central Province, rare. 


Folia 5-10 poll. longa, concolora. Rachis rufo-fusca. Bractee rufe. Flores 
viridi-rufescentes. Ladellum albidum, fulvo-tinctum. Stigma obcordatum, rostra- 
tum, apice emarginatum. 3 


é 


60. GEORCHIS, Lindl. 
1. G. cordata, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 496. 
Has. Ceylon, Macrae (Herb. Lindl.). 


T have not met with this species nor are there specimens of it in this herbarium. 


61. ANCRCTOCHILUS, Blume. 


1, A. setaceus, Blume, (Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 499; Wight, Ie. 
't. 1731.)—c.p. 384, ee : i : 


Has. Damp forests, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
“ Wanna-rajah.” 


62. PHYSURUS, L. C. Rich. 


1. P. Blumei, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 504; Linn. Soc. Proc. i. 
p- 181.—c.p. 598, 


8. Not uncommon in the damp forests of the Central Province. 


63. TROPIDIA, Lindl. 


1. T. cureuligoides, Lindl. Gen. et Sp. Orch. p. 497.—c.P. 3565. 
Has. Amongst high grass, in the hot, drier parts of the island. 


64. CNEMIDIA, Lindl. 
. Govindovia, Wight. : 

1, ©. bambusifolia, Thw.; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, 

si acutis; ramis Jlorigeris brevibus, squamosis, rarius subfoliosis ; 
— brevissimis, confertifloris ; bracteis lanceolatis, acutissimis.—C.P. 

Has. Saffragam District. 

Caulis 2-8-pedalis. Folia 4-9 poll. longa. : 

This would appear to be quite distinet from either of Lindley’s species of this 


genus, as well as from the Govindovia nervosa, Wight, Ic. t. 2090, which latter has 
the leaves rounded at the base, and the spikes of flowers longer and less crowded. 


65. CORYMBIS, Thouars. 


1. ©. disticha, Th. , (Lindl. : id. -p. 3206. 
Hav. Matturatte, yoxhadapeys Fol. Orchid. cum syn.)—c.P 


Zingiberacea.] CEYLON PLANTS. 315 


CXLV. APOSTASIACEA. 


1. APOSTASIA, Blume. 


Ss A. Wallichii, R. Br. in Wall. Pl. Asiat. Rar. i. p. 75, t. 84.—c.p. 
44, 

Has. Banks of streams, in the Saffragam District, at no great eleva- 
tion. 


CLXVI. ZINGIBERACEZ. 


1. GLOBBA, Schieb. 


1, G. bulbifera, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 78.—G. marantinoides, Wight, 
Te. t. 2001 (G. marantina, Wight, non Willd.).—c.P. 3563. 

Has. Near Batticaloa. 

My specimens agree extremely well with Dr. Wight’s figure, except that in mine 
the superior wing-like appendages of the anther are twice as broad as the inferior 
ones, The flowers are of an orange-yellow colour. 


2. ZINGIBER, Gertn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Wal-ingooroo.”’) 


1, Z. Zerumbet, Rosc. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 48, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 2003.)—c.P. 3699. 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 2000 feet. 

2. Z. Cassumunar, Roxb. |. c. p. 49.—Var. subglabra.—c.P. 3727. 

Has. Hantani, in the Central Province, rare. ; 

This differs from the typical form of the species in being nearly smooth and in 
having smaller spikes of flowers. 

3. Z. Wightianum, Thw.—Z. squarrosum, Roxb.?; Wight, Ic. t. 
2004 (vix Roxb.).—c.P. 2286. 

Has. Very common in forests, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


14-5-pedale. Folia 6-12 poll. longa, membranacea, superne subglabra, subtus 
villosula, vagina ad apicem thesis nets conspersa, ligulee bifidee lobis ant 
lin. longis, rotundatis. Flores ochracei. Corolle lacinie exteriores — 
lanceolate.  Label/um brevius, purpureo-venosum maculatumque, aggre net 
ri diy lanceolatis, acutis, intermedio majore, ovato, obtuso, bifido. ypsule 
polhcares, J 

In the present species the sheaths of the leaves have not the large conical pro- 
cesses at their ea and the fruit is very much smaller than that of Roxburgh’s 
Z. squarrosum, as described by him. 


ii is vel lineari- 

4, Z. cylindricum, Moon, Cat. p. 1.—foliis lanceolatis vel 
lanceolatis, utrinque “actin: subsessilibus, ad costam subtus sacyaarag 
pilosis ; vaginis ad apicem tubulosis nec fissis ; 2; es lds af ee a 
externe pilosa ; spicis radicalibus, pedunculatis, subcy lin segs bi shin id 
imbricatis, rotundatis vel oblongis, subacutis ; Zabello 3-lobo, lobis linea- 
ribus, truncatis, intermedio latiore.—c.P. 2287. SiGe 

Has. Very abundant in the forests of the Central abd ih 

3-6-pedale vel ultra, Folia 5-8 poll. longa, 1-2 poll. lata. Pedunculi 


816 ENUMERATION OF [Zingiberacee. 


poll. longi, erecti, squamis pollicaribus obtusis ad medinm tubulosis vaginati. Brac- 
tee pollicares, rufescentes vel pallid, Flores albidi. Capsule subspherice, rubre. 
Semina nigra, arillo albo. 

This bears a very great external resemblance to Z. officinale, which is largely eul- 
tivated in native gardens; but, besides other differences, the tubular_uncleft sheaths 
of the leaves at once distinguish the present plant. 


3. CURCUMA, Linn. 


1. GC. Zerumbet, Roxb. Pl. Cor. iii. t. 201 ; Fl. Ind. i. p. 20, cum syn. 
—c.P. 3373. . 
Saag Common in the Ambagamowa District. Nom. vulg. ‘ Haran- 
"aes : 


2, C. aromatica, Salish. (Wight, Tc. t. 2005.)—C. zedoaria, Roxb. 
Fi. Ind. i. p. 23 (excl. syn.).—o.P. 3705. 
' Has. Pusalawa and near Gampolle, in the Central Province, Nom. 
vulg. ‘* Dada-kaha,” “ Wal-kaha.” : 
The roots of this plant are used medicinally by the Cinghalese, 


3. C. albiflora, Thw.; glabra, foliis ellipticis vel oblongis, utrinque 
acutis, petiolatis, concoloribus; spica radicali, pedunculo equilonga; 
bracteis ovato-lanceolatis, parum reflexis, superioribus gradatim minori- 
bus, omnibus florigeris ; perianthii laciniis obtusis ; Zabello rotundato, 
retuso.—c.P. 2737. 

Has. Maskellia, in the Ambagamowa District, at no great elevation. 

Folia 6-8 poll. longa, 24-3} poll. lata. Bracte@ pallide virides, Fores albi, 
labelli disco Iuteo. Anthere calcaria incurvata. 

Mr. W, O. Brodie sent me some years ago, from Anooradhapoora, a very small 
species of Curcuma (c.e. 3700), which appears to be undescribed, and the specimens 
are not sufficiently perfect to enable me to draw np a description. 

Curcuma longa, Linn, (nom. vulg. “ Kaha”), is cultivated in native gardens, and 
the roots are used in curries, as well as for medicine. 


4, KASMPFERIA, Linn. 
1, K. rotunda, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 16, um syn.; Wight, Ic. 
t. 2029.)—c.p. 3175. 
Han. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Lonkenda.” 
The roots are employed medicinally by the Cinghalese. 
2. K. pandurata, Roxb. l.c. p. 18, cum syn.—c.P. 3702. os 
Has. Gangaroowa, near Peradenia. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Amba-kaha. 


The Cinghalese use the roots of this medicinally. K..Galanga, Linn., is eulti- 
vated in native gardens as a medicine and a masticatory ; but I have not heard of 


5. AMOMUM, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Neya-dandoo.’’) 
Sect. 1.—Floribus dense glomeratis. 


1. A. echinatum, Willd. Sp. Plant. i. p. 8, cum syn.—c.P. 3020. 
Has. Common in dense forests of the Central Divrinse, up to an 
elevation of 4000 feet. 


its occurring ina wild state in the island. Its native nameis “ Hingooroo-peyellee.” = 


Orchidacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 317 


6-12-pedale. Folia firma, glabra, lineari-lanceolata, acuminata, sessilia, superne 
nigro-viridia, subtus pallidiora, 1-2-pedalia ; iguda truncata vel parum rotundata, 
indivisa, 5—7 lin. longa. Peduneuli procumbentes, rubri, squamis obtusis muniti, 
Capitulum rotundatum vel ovoideum. Bractee oblonge, obtuse, pilosule, quam 
flores parum breviores. Fores flavi, rubro-tincti. Label/um parum carnosum, cucul- 
Jatum, obscure trilobum, basi utrinque bidentatum, disco rubro-lineato maculatoque, 
lobo intermedio rotundato, aurantiaco. Anthere Joculi ciliati; erista transversim 
oblonga, breve triloba. Capsule rotundate, nitide, uncinato-aculeate, nigro-pur- 
pureze, pollicares. . 


2 .A. fulviceps, Thw. ; foliis firmis, lanceolatis vel lineari-lanceolatis, 
utrinque acutis, acuminatis, sessilibus; digula indivisa, rotundata, tam 
longa quam lata; pedwnculis brevibus, procumbentibus ; capitulo rotun- 
dato vel ovoideo, plurifloro ; braeteis imbricatis, ovato-oblongis, retusis, 
adpressim dense fulvo-pilosis.—a. foliis glabris.—c.P. 3122. 8. foliis 
pe pilosis.—c.P. 3704. : 

Has. Dense forests. Var. a. Raxawa in the Central Provinee. Var. 
8. Reigam Corle. 

5-8-pedale vel ultra. Folia 1-2-pedalia. Flores pallide flavi, rubro-tincti. Co- 
rolle laciniz exteriores oblong, obtuse, externe dense pilose, posterior subduplo 
latior, Zadellum rotundatum, retusum, trilobum, basi bidentatum, dentibus longi- 
usculis. Anthere loculi pilosi, crista semilunaris, emarginata. 


3. A. pterocarpum, Thw.; glabrum, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, utrin- 
que acutis acuminatis, sessilibus ; ligule bifide lobis longis, lanceolatis, 
acutis, scariosis ; pedwneulis brevibus, procumbentibus ; capitulo ovoi- 
deo vel globoso; bracteis oblongis, majusculis, cito deciduis ; capsulis 
confertis, ovoideis, parum acutis, 9-costatis, costis alatis crenulatisque, 
—c.P. 3021. : 
= Has. Forests of the Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 

eet. 

8-6-pedale vel ultra, Folia 1-2-pedalia. Flores albi. Corolla lacinix exteriores 
oblong, obtuss, posterior latior. Ladel/um rotundatum, basi breve bidentatum, 
disco flavo, rubro-tincto. Anthere crista brevis, triloba. Capsule sesquipollicares, 
virides. 

4. A. masticatorium, Thw. ; foliis firmis, glabris, lineari-lanceolatis ; 
acuminatis, sessilibus, basi acutis vel parum rotundatis ; ligula longius- 
cula, indivisa, lanceolata, superne scariosa; peduwneulis procumbenti- 
bus; capitulo globoso ; bracteis obovatis, obtusis, pilosulis, ciliatis, quam 
flores dimidio brevioribus ; capsulis retundatis, echinatis—c.P. 3701. 

Has. Common in forests of the Central Province, up to an elevation 
of 4000 feet. ee peat ze Tp 

2-8-pedale. Folia 5-15 poll. longa. Bracte 8 lin, longe. xo he 
rolle tabs externe foathen! pasacage he oblong, obtusee, posterior duplo 
latior. Zabel/um rotuodatum, rubro-punctulatum, basi bidentatum, trilobum, lobo 
intermedio minore, bifido. Anthera glabra, loculis longiusculis, ad apicem valde 
divergentibus, crista semilunaria. Capsule 8 lin. in diam. nigro-virides. 

The Cinghalese chew the aromatic rhizomes of this plant with their betel. 

5. A. acuminatum, Thw. ; /oliis firmis, glabris, oblongo-lanceolatis, 
longiuseule acuminatis, basi parce acutis, petiolatis; Zigula indivisa, 
rotundata, parum breviore quam lata; peduneulis procumbentibus ; 
capitulo subgloboso, parvo; bracteis rotundatis vel obovatis, obtusis, 
puberulis, ciliatis, quam flores dimidio brevioribus ; Jabello rotundato, 
trilobo, lobo intermedio emarginato; anthere loculis ciliatis, crista 
semilunari crenulata.—c.P. 


318 ENUMERATION OF [ Zingiberacee. 


' Han. Ehualagodde, near Ratnapoora, at no great elevation. 

Q-4-pedale. Folia (in meis specim.) circiter 6 poll. longa, 1-14 poll. lata, petiolo 
4 lin. longo. Rhizomata repentia, cum pedunculis brevibus, squamzs rotundatis 
bracteisque rufescentia. Flores lutei, rubro-tincti. 


Sect. 2.—Floribus laxe spicatis vel paucis. 


6. A. pulchellum, Thw.; foliis oblongis, utrinque acutis, membra- 
naceis, minute reticulatis, preter costam subtus pilosam glabris, petio- 
latis ; ligule bifide lobis brevibus, rotundatis ; pedunculis elongatis, 
procumbentibus, ramosis, squamis oblongis obtusis subglabris amplec- 
tentibus tectis; floribus quam bractee multo longioribus ; anthere 
crista majuscula, semicirculari; capsulis rotundatis, leviter 9-costatis. 
—c.P. 27 36. : 
> ase Forests of the Central Province, up to an elevation of 3000 

eet. 

1-2-pedale. Folia 3-2 ped. longa, 24-5 poll. lata, petiolo 4-8 poll. longo. 
Corolla \acinize exteriores puberule, inter se subsequales, lineares, obtuse, pallidee, 
venis 3 fulvis. Zadel/um rotundatum, roseo-purpureum, disco flavo, 3-lobum, lobo 
intermedio retuso. Anthere loculi glabri, ad apicem vix divergentes, crista roseo- 
purpurea. Capsule 6 lin. in diam., rubre. 

7. &, hypoleucum, Thw. ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, 
acuminatis, superne glabris nitidis, subtus adpresse canescenti-pilosis, 
petiolatis ; Zigula brevi, obtusa, apice biloba; scapis secus rhizoma re- 
pens elongatum sparsis, brevibus, 3-floris ; capsulis rotundatis, 9-cos- 
tatis.—c.P. 3532. 

Has. Damp forests of the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. 

2-5-pedale. Folia 4-2-pedalia, petiolo 1-3 poll. longo. Bracte@ ovate, retuse, 
mucronulate, pallidee, glabra, floribus multo breviores. Corolla laciniee exteriores 
albidz, inter se subsequales, oblong, obtusee,seepe mucronate. Labellum rotun- 
datum, retusum, disco flavo rubro-tincto. Anthera loculi glabri, ad apicem vix di- 
vergentes, crista semilunari. Capsule rubre, pollicares. 


6. ELETTARIA, Rheede. 
Sect. 1.—Spicis laxifloris. 


1. BE. Cardamomum, White, (Blume, Enum. i. p. 51; Miq. Flor. 
Ind. Bat. iii. p. 600, cum syn.) fr 

Var.§; folits parum latioribus firmioribusque; caps lis fusiformibus.— 
E. major, Smith.—An Elettari, Rheed. Hort. Mal. xi. t. 6 p—c.p. 2431. 

Has. Var. 8. Forests in the Central and Southern Provinces, up to 
an elevation of 3000 feet. Nom. vulg. “Ensal.” Var. a occurs in 
— only as a cultivated plant; it is called by the Cinghalese Rata- 
ensal. 
“A careful comparison of growing specimens satisfies me that the plants producing 
respectively the round and the long cardamoms of commerce are not distinct species, 
but merely varieties of the present species. In every essential particular the struc- 
ture is similar in the two plants, the only difference being that var. a, which pro- 
duces the round cardamom, is a little taller, with rather narrower and less firm 
leaves, and that its fruit is more aromatic as well as different in form from that of 
var. B. ‘The seeds of both varieties are used by the Cinghalese to chew with their 
betel, and as medicines. 


Zingiberacee.} CEYLON PLANTS. os!) 


Sect. 2.—Floribus dense glomeratis. 
Geanthus, Rot. 


2. E. involucrata, Thw.; foliis majusculis, membranaceis, glabris, 
lineari-lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, acuminatis, sessilibus ; ligula brevi, 
indivisa, rotundata; pedunculis erectis, longiusculis, squamosis ; capi- 
tulo multifloro, ultra apicem truncatum explanatum squamis magnis 
involucrato.—c.p.: 3019. 

Has. Central Province, in damp forests, at an elevation of 4000 to 
6000 feet. 

6-10-pedalis vel ultra, Folia 14-8 ped. longa, 4-7 poll. lata. Peduneuli 14-3 
ped. alti, cum squamis oblongis vel ovato-oblongis obtusis 3-6 poll. longis bracteisque 
obovatis, rubri. Flores parvi, pallide ochracei. Corolla lacini exteriores oboyato- 
oblongee, obtuse. Labellum obovatum, 3-lobum, lobis subsequalibus rotundatis. 

3. BE. floribunda, Thw.; joliis glabris, firmis, lincari-lanceolatis, 
utrinque acutis, acuminatis, petiolatis ; ligula brevi, indivisa, rotun- 
data; pedunculis erectis, longiusculis, squamosis ; capitulo multifloro, 
globoso ; bracteis rotundatis vel ovato-rotundatis, retusis, mucronatis ; 
Jioribus parvis, parum carnosis; coroll@ laciniis exterioribus ovatis, 
obtusis, concavis ; Jabello obovato, retuso, obscure trilobo.—c.P. 3374. 

Has. Forests in the Ambagamowa District. 

3—6-pedalis vel ultra. Folia 14-2 ped. longa, circiter 3 poll. lata. Flores pallide 


ochracei. 

4. E. nemoralis, Thw. ; foliis glabris, firmis, lanceolatis vel lineari- 
lanceolatis, utrinque acutis, acuminatis, brevi-petiolatis ; ligula brevi, 
indivisa, rotundata; pedunculis procumbentibus, squamosis ; capitulo 
parvo, subgloboso ; bracteis glabris, valde membranaceis, exterioribus 
rotundatis vel obovatis, interioribus lanceolatis ; corolle laciniis exteri- 
oribus squalibus, oblongis, obtusis, tubo longo ; labello rotundato, 3- 
lobo, lobo intermedio minore, bifido; ovario piloso.—c.P. 3703. 

Has. Forests in the Reigam and Pasdoon Corles. 

2-4-pedalis. Folia 8-15 poll. longa, circiter 2 poll. lata. Flores flavi, labello 
copiose purpureo-venoso, Capsule rotundate, breve rostrate, semipollicares. 


7. HEDYCHIUM, Keenig. 


1. EH. coronarium, Koon. (Wallich in sacar of Bot. iii. (1853) 
p. 325, cum syn; Wight, Ic. t. 2010.)—c.r. — 

Var. 8 ; Pe a mat eet l.c.; Wight, Ic. tt. 2008, 
2009.—c.P."3728, ie 

Has. Margins of woods, in the Central Province, up to an elevation 


of 6000 feet. Nom. vulg. “ Ella-wal.” 

2, Hi. angustifolium, Roxb. Flor. Ind. i. p. 13 ; Wall. l.c. p. 371. 
—C.P. 3669. : 

Has. In similar situations with the preceding. 


8. ALPINIA, Linn. 


1, A. Galanga, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 59, eum syn.)—c.P. 3729. 
Has. Cultura, "Moon. Nom. vulg. “ Koloowala. 
The Cinghalese employ the rhizomes medicinally. 


320 ENUMERATION OF [ Marantacee. 


2, A. Allughas, Roscoe, (Roxb. |. ops 61, cum syn.—c.P. 3157.) 

Has. Warmer parts of the island. m. vulg. “ Aloo-gass. 

The rhizomes of this species are also used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 

3. A. nutans, Roscoe, (Roxb. 1. c. p. 65, cum syn; Wight, Ic. t. 
2027.) [ : 

Var. 8; panicula breviore ; floribus minoribus.—A. sericea, Moon, 
Cat. p. 1.—c.P. 3312. 

Has. Ina forest between Negombo and Kornegalle. Nom. vulg. 
 Rankeeriya.” 

Besides the distinguishing characters mentioned above, this differs from the com- 
mon form of 4. nutans in the flowers not: being tipped with rose-colour. 

4, A. calcarata, Roscoe, Roxb. |. c. p. 69; Wight, Ic. t. 2028.)—c.P. 
3730. ‘ 

Has. Kandy, Moon, Walker. Nom. vulg. “ Kattakeeriya.” 

T have never met with this truly wild. It grows abundantly in the Botanic 
Garden. : 


9. COSTUS, Linn. 


1, C. speciosus, Smith, (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 58, cum syn.; Wight, 
Te. t. 2014.)—c.P. 3082. 

Haz. Margins of woods, in the Ambagamowa District. Nom. vulg. 
* Taiboo-gass.” ’ 

The Cinghalese use the rhizomes as a medicine. 


OXLVII. MARANTACEZ. 


1. MARANTA, Plum. 


1. M. virgata, Dietr. (Steud. Nom.; Wight, Ic. t. 2015.)—Phry- 
nium virgatum, Roxb. F). Ind. ed. Carey, i. p. 4.—c.P. 3465. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, not very uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
 Hoolankeeriya.” : 

The Rev. S. O. Glenie, of Trincomalee, informs me that arrowroot of a very supe- 
rior quality is obtainable from the rhizomes of this plant. 

2, M. spicata.— WM. cespitosa, Dietr. ; Steud. Nom. Phrynium spr 
catum, Roxb. 1. ce. p. 5.—c.P. 612. 

Has. Forests in the Central Province ; rather rare. 


This, after a careful analysis of the flower, appears to me to be a true species of 
Maranta. 


2. PHRYNIUM, Willd. 


1. P. capitatum, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p.8, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. 
t. 2016.) —c.P. 3123. oe 
_Has. Forests of the Central Province. Nom. vulg. “ Atbamikee- 
riya.” 


3. CANNA, Linn. 


1, G. Indica, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 1, otitis syn.)—c.P. 3706. 
Has. Very abundant, both the red- and yellow-flowered varieties. 
Nom. vulg. “ Bootsarana.” 


Commelynacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 321 


CXLVILI. MUSACEA. 


1. MUSA, Schreb. 


1, M. sapientum, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 894; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 
ae eg cum syn.)—c.P. 3731. 
4B. Rocky woods in the Central Province, common. Nom. vulg. 
“ Wal-kaihel-gass.” 
There cannot be a doubt that this is the species from which have originated the 
numerous varieties of sweet Plantains cultivated here. 


CXLIX. PONTEDERACE. 


1. MONOCHORIA, Presl. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Deya-habarella.”’) 


1. M. hasteefolia, Presl, (Kunth, Enum. iv. p. 133, cum syn.)—Pon- 
tederia hastata, Linn.; Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 121.—c.p. 3213. 

Has. Common in swampy places in the hotter parts of the island. 

This and the following species are used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 

2. M. vaginalis, Presl, (Kunth, 1. c. p. 134, cum syn.)—Pontederia 
vaginalis, Burm. ; Roxb. Cor. Pl. ii. p. 110; Fl. Ind. 1. e.—c.p. 2315. 
Has. Equally common with the preceding, and in similar places. 

3. M. plantaginea, Kunth, |. c. p. 135.—Pontederia plantaginea, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 123.—c.P. 3686. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island; less common than the two pre- 
ceding species. 


CL. COMMELYNACE. 


1. COMMELYNA, Dill. 
Sect. 1.—Spatha complicata. 


1. G. salicifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 172; Kth. Enum. iv. 39, cum 
syn.—An C. communis, Linn. forma P—c.P. 2979, 3358. 

Var. 8 ; angustata ; foliis longis, linearibus ; spathis longe peduncu- 
latis, subfalcatis, valde acuminatis—c.P. 8215. 

Has. Very abundant. Var. 8. Doombera District. Nom. vulg. 
“ Girrapata.” : E 

Var. 8, though differing a good deal in general appearance from the present plant 
as it ordinarily occurs, is notwithstanding, [ suspect, merely an extreme form of it. 

I do not remember having met with the typical C. communis, L., which has the 
smaller petal very narrow, whilst in the present plant I find the smaller petal varying 
from wide-cordate to oval. 


Sect. 2.—Spatha turbinato-cucullata. - 


2. ©. Benghalensis, Linn. (Kth. l.c. p. 50, eum syn. ; Wight, Ic. t. 
2065.)—c.p. 2314. 


27 


322 : ENUMERATION OF [ Commelynacee. 


Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“ Deya-mainaireya.” 
Used as a medicine by the Cinghalese. 


3. ©. obliqua, Don, (Prod. Fl. Nep. p. 45 ; an Vahl, Enum. Bp. 173?) © 

—C. Donii, Dietr.; Kth. l.c. p. 58.  C. paludosa, Blume, Enum. i. 

p. 2; Kth. lc. p. 51 ; Miquel, FI. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 533.—c.p, 2326. 
Has. North of Kandy, not very uncommon. 


4. ©. longifolia, Lam. (Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 165 ?)—c.p. 3224. 

Has. Hot drier parts of the island. 

Subglabra vel plus minus pilosa. Folia anguste lanceolata, valde acuminata, parce 
obliqua, 2-6 poll. longa, 4-1 poll. lata, vagina ad oram pilis rigidulis albis ciliata. 
Spathe 1-3-ne, parum faleate acuminateque, externe pilose, singule pedunculum 
solitarium 3-florum inclndentes. : ' 

Nearly allied to the preceding species, from which it differs in its smaller size, 
and in its narrower, more acuminated, and less oblique leaves. It might perhaps be 
safe to consider it a variety only. 


2. ANEILEMA, R. Br. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Tanna-pata.”) 


1. A. ensifolium, Wight, Ic. t. 2074.—A. secunda, Wight, Ic. t. 
2075-1.—c.p. 2324. 
Has. Not uncommon in the south of the island. 


2. A. scapiflorum, Wight, Ic. t. 2073. mS 

Var. 8; minus ; foliis multo minoribus ; bracteis parum brevioribus 
latioribusque.—c.P. 3314. : 

Has. Ceylon; Mrs. Walker, in Herb. Hook. Var. 8; Oova Dis- 
trict, at an elevation of 5000 feet. 

Var. 8 may possibly prove to be a distinct species, but, without better materials 
than I at present possess, it is not in my power to determine satisfactorily. It appears 
to agree in many essential particulars with specimens of A. scapiflorum, from Khasia, 
collected by Drs. Hooker and Thomson. ° : , 

3. A. protensum, Wall. Cat. No. 5218.—Dictyospermum protensum, 
Wight, Ic. t. 2071.—o.P. 3026. 

4B. Kokool-Corle. 

4, A, montanum, Wight, in Wall. Cat.—Dictyospermum montanum, 
Wight, Ic. t. 2069.—c.P. 2325. ° 

Has. Not uncommon up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

5. A. vaginatum, R. Br. (Kth. Enum. p. 67, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. 
t. 2076-1.)—c.p. 2328. 

Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

_ 6. A. nanum, Kth. Enum. iv. p. 65, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 2077-2. 
—Commelyna nana, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 173.—c.v. 2329. 

Has. Vary abundant in damp pastures. 

7. A. nudiflorum, R. Br. (Kth. Lc. p- 66, cum syn.; Miquel, Fi.. 
Ind. Bat. iii. p. 537.)—c.p. 3027, 3313. : 

B. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


8. A. dimorphum, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iii. (1851) p. 138; 


Hypoxidacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 323 


Bombay Flor. p. 254.—A. paniewlatum, Wight, Ic. t. 2075-2.—o.p. 
3025. 


_ Has. Common in the Central Province. 


Bractee minute, rotundatex, concave, apice incrassate, colorate, incurve. Folia 
glabra vel pilosula. 


3. FLOSCOPA, Lour. 
Dithyrocarpus, Kunth. 


1, P. paniculata, Hassk. (Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 542; Benth. Fl. 
Hongk. p. 377, cum syn.—Dithyrocarpus petiolatus, D. Rothii, et D. 
undulatus, Wight, Ic. tt. 2079, 2080.)—c.r. 553. 

Has. Very common up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


4. POLLIA, Thunb. 
Aclisia, BE. Meyer. 


1. BP. Indica.—Aclisia Indica, Wight, Ic. t. 2068.—c.P. 2327. 
Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


5. CYANOTIS, Don. 
(Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Goloo-bailoo.”’) 


1, C. axillaris, R. et Sch. (Kth. Enum. iv. p. 105, cum syn.)—c.P. 
2330. ; 


Has. Hotter parts of the island. 
2. C. cristata, R. et Sch. (Kth. ].c. p. 102, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 
2082.)—c.p. $217. 
4B. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 
9 3. C. pilosa, R. et Sch. (Kth. Lc. p. 105; Wight, Ic. t. 2083.)—c.r. 
331. 
Ex. Newera Ellia and other elevated parts of the island. 
4, ©. fasciculata, R. et Sch. (Kth. l.c. p. 104, cum syn. ; Wight, Ic. 
t. 2086-2.)—c.p. 2433 (2978). - 
Has. Very abundant in the Central Province. 
5. CG. lanceolata, Wight, Ic. t. 2085.—o.p. 2332, 3223. Var. sub- 
glabra.—o.P. 3216. : 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. = 
Closely allied to the preceding species, but distinguished by its much larger size 
and by the different dina of the pubescence, which is silky in this, but lanose in 
C. fasciculata. 


CLI. HYPOXIDACES. 


1. HYPOXIS, Linn. 


1. EH. trichocarpa, Wight, Ic. t. 2045.—H. latifolia, H. leptosta- 
_ chya, A, paucifiora, et . brachystachya, Wight, Ic. tt. 2044, 2045, 
—C.P, 2288, Var. linearifolia.—c.P. 2290. 


324 ENUMERATION OF [Amaryllidacee. 


Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg.  — 
“ Ma-bintal.” 
A rather variable plant as regards the size and shape of the leaves and the amount 
of pubescence. : 


2. CURCULIGO, Gerin. 


1. CG. recurvata, Dryand. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 145.)—c.P. 3210. 

Has. Saffragam, Moon. 

I have never met with this plant in a wild state. 

2. C. orchioides, Gertn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 144, cum syn.)— 
C. brevifolia, Ait.; Wight, Ic. t. 2043.—c.r. 2289. 

Has. Not uncommon in grassy places, up to an elevation of 3000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Heen-bintal.” 

Extremely variable in the amount of pubescence, in the shape and size of the 
leaves, and in tie number of flowers ; and I cannot help suspecting that C. Malabaria, 
Wight, will prove to be a form of it, and perhaps also C. graminifolia, Nimmo, of 
the Bombay Flora. 


CLIT. AMARYLLIDACEZ. 


1. CRINUM, Linn. 


1. ¢. Asiaticum, Linn. (Kth. Enum. v. p. 547, cum syn.)—C. towica- 
rium, Roxb. Fi. Ind. ii. p. 134.—c.v. 2969. 
Has. Very abundant on the sea-coast of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Tolabo.” 
Frequently planted as a fence for native gardens near the sea. : 
2. ©. defixum, Gawl. (Kth. lc. p. 561, cum syn.)—C. Asiaticum, 
Roxb. 1. e. R 127.—c.P. 2338. 
Has. Hot dry northern parts of the island. : 
3..C. ornatum, Herb. (Kth. l.c. p. 573, varr. a et 8, cum Saag 


C. Zeylanicum, Linn. ; Roxb. |. e. p- 139. War. a, o.p. 3734. Var. B, 
OP. 3730. 


Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Goda-manil.” 


2. PANCRATIUM, Linn. 


P. Malabaricum, Herb, (Kth. Enum. v. p. 66], cum syn.)—C.P. ' 
& Has. On the banks of rivers and streams, up to an elevation of 2000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Deya-manil.” - 


_ 2. P. Seylanicum, Linn. (Kth. 1. c. p. 662, cum syn.; Roxb. Fl. ind. 
i. p. 124.)—c.p. 3211. 
an. Amongst grass, in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg- 
“Wal-Loonoo.” 
The Cinghalese employ the bulbs medicinally. . 
P. verecundum, Soland., stated to be a native of the island, [have never met with 
here, either wild or under cultivation. 


Dioscoreacee@. | CEYLON PLANTS. 325 


CLIU. BURMANNIACEZ. 
(Includ. Zaccaceas ; auct. J. D, Hooker.) 
1. BURMANNTIA, Linn. 


1. B. distachya, R. Br. Prod. p. 52.—B. disticha, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. 
Ind. ii. p. 117, cum syn.—c.P. 2313. 

Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Ma- 
deya-jawala.” 

2, B. Championii, Thw.; caule filiformi, simplici, aphyllo, squamoso; 
floribus subcapitatis ; perigonii tubo 3-costato, nec ato.—B. pseudo- 
alata, Champ. MSS.—c.P. 2735. 

Has. Saffragam District and Hinidoon Corle. 

Tota planta albida, 4—8-pollicaris. Sgwama caulis sparse, lanceolatee, 2 lin. longee. 
Flores 9-12, circiter 3 lin. longi. Perigonii lobi majores lanceolati, marginibus _ 
involutis, minores lineares, truncati. 

3. B. pusilla.— Gonyanthes pusilla, Miers, in Linn. Soe. Trans. xviii. 
“p. 537, t. 38, f. 3.—c.P. 3023. Var. 8; parum elatior, alis tubi peri- 
-gonii angustioribus.—c.P. 2312. 

Has. Var. a; North of the island, Gardner. Trincomale, Rev. S. O. 
Glenie. Var. 8; Caltura, Gardner ; Kokool Corle. 

‘There does not appear to me sufficient difference in the seed-vessels of the preced- 
ing three species to make it desirable to constitute two genera of them. 1 observe 
in my specimens of B. distachya, a disposition in the capsules to split transversely 
about their middle, just as takes place in the present species, 


. 2. THISMTIA, Griff. 
Tribrachys, Champion. 


1. 'T. Gardneriana, Hk. f. MSS.; caule unifloro, perianthii lobis— 
latioribus rotundatis.—Tribrachys Gardneriana, Champ. MSS. et Ic. in 
Herb. Hook. 

Has. Galle, Champion (Herb. Hook.). : 

I have never met with this species. “ Very nearly allied to 7. Brunonis, Griff. 
Linn. Trans. xix. 341. t. 89, but differs in the solitary flower and broader lobes of the 
perianth.”—J, D, H. : ; 


3. TACCA, Forst. : 


1. T. pinnatifida, Forst. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 172; Miquel, Fl. Ind. 


Bat. iii. p. 566, cum syn.)—c.P. 2320. : 
Has. North of the Salant Gardner. Trincomale, Rev. S. O. Glenie. 


CLIV. DIOSCOREACE. 
1, DIOSCOREA, Linn. 


1. D. pentaphylla, Linn. (Kth. Enum. v. p. 396, cum syn.; Wight, 
so t. 814.)—D. triphylla, Linn. ; Kth. lc. p. 392, cum syn.—c.P. 
869, 


326 ENUMERATION OF [ Dioscoreacee. 


Has. Very abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
“* Kattoo-wella.” 

The tuberous roots of this and of the following species, excepting D. bulbifera, 
are eateu by the Cinghalese. 


2. D. tomentosa, Kenig. (Roxb. -Fl. Ind. iii. p. 805.)—Helmia ? 
tomentosa, Kth. 1. c. p. 439; Wight, lc. t. 815.—c.P. 2304, 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
* Ooyala.” 


3. D. bulbifera, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 793, cum syn.; Wight, 
Ic. t. 878.) —Helmia bulbifera, Kth. 1. c. p. 435, cum syn.—c.P. 2977. 

Has. Very common on the banks of rivers and streams up to an 
elevation of 2000 feet. Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Pannoo-Condél. 

The tubers of this species are employed by the Cinghalese for attracting fish to 
certain spots where they can be easily caught. ‘The tubers are broken into pieces 
and thrown into the water daily for some time. 


4, D. oppositifolia, Linn. (Roxb. l.c. p. 804; Wight, Te. t. 813.)— ~ 
c.P. 2303. 
_ Has. Abundant in the hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. 
* Hirri-talla.” 


Tota planta plus minus villosula, foliis denique subglabris. 


5. D. intermedia, Thw.; glaberrima, inermis ; caule tereti; foliis 
oppositis vel alternis, ellipticis oblongisve, acuminatis, mucronatis, 3- 
nerviis ; nervis lateralibus margine subparallelis et exinde costa distan- 
tibus ; spicis ra@M.: solitariis, simplicibus, folio subeequilongis ; MASC.: 
set brevioribus, fasciculatis vel longiuscule paniculatis.—c.p. 2870, 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, not very common. 

Folia circiter 3 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata, petiolo }—-1 poll. longo. Spice mascule 
pollicares vel parum ultra. Fores 6-andri. 

Allied to the preceding, but differs in being entirely glabrous, in the leaves having 
their lateral nervures more distant from the costa, and in the male flowers being less 
crowded and on somewhat longer spikes, The present is well distinguished from the 
following species, some forms of which it closely resembles, by its shorter and more 
arg spikes of male flowers, and the more diverging lateral nervures of its 
eaves. 


6. D. spicata, Roth. Pl. Nov. p. 571? a; foliis basi acutis.—c.P. 
2871. 8; foliis basi rotundatis, cordatis vel etiam profunde cordatis. 
—c.p. 2872, 3119. : 

Has. Very common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. 

Glabra, inermis. Fo/ia alterna vel opposita, elliptica vel oblonga, acuminata, — 
mucronata, 3-5 vel rarius 7-nervia, prominentim reticulata, petiolo 4—{ poll. longo. 
Spice sparsiflore, seepius valde elongate ; ram. solitariee ; MASC. solitarie vel bine, 
aliquando parce ramos. Fi.or. masc. 6-andri. Fior. raeM. stigmatibus subsessilibus, 
parvis, simplicibus, reflexis : staminibus sterilibus linearibus, apice emarginatis. 


_Dioscorea sativa, Linn. (nom. vulg. “ Kattoo-kookoolala,” “ Jaa-waal,”), D.alata, — 
Linn. (nom. vulg. “ Kirri-koudél,” “ Kahata-kouddl,” “ Lingoorella”), and D. pur- 
purea, Roxb., are cultivated in native gardens. 


Palmacee.| : CEYLON PLANTS. 327 


CLV. PANDANEA. 


1. PANDANUS, Linn. 


1. P. odoratissimus, Linn. (Roxb. Plant. Cor. tt. 94, 95, 96; Flor. 
Ind. iii. p. 738, cum syn. ; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 156, cum syn.)— 
An P. fascicularis, Willd. P—e.p. 3739. 

Has. Very abundant near the sea. Nom. vulg. ‘*‘ Moodoo-kaiyeya.” 

Stamina in racemulis numerosis ramos spadicis masculi dense inyestientibus. 

The aerial roots are used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 

2. P. humilis, Rumph. (Mig. Ll. c. p. 160, eum syn.)—c.P, 3740. 

Has. Used as a fence-plant for paddy-fields in the warmer parts of 
the island. Nom. vulg. “ Doonoo-kaiyeya.” 

Stamina simplicia, densissime conferta in ramos spadicis masculi, filamentis bre- 
vissimis. Capitula fructus maturi singula 4-6 poll. longa, 3-4 poll. lata. 

The leaves of this plant are made iuto mats by the Cinghalese. 

3. P. fureatus, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 744; Miq. lc. p. 162, cum syn. 
t. 37.—c.P. 2734. : 

Has. Similar situations with the last. Nom. vulg. “ O-kaiyeya.” 

Stamina penicillatim disposita, ad apices pedunculorum numerosorum ramos spa- 
dicis maseuli arete tegentium. 


2. FREYCINETIA, Gaud. 


1, F. radicans, Gaud. in Freyc. It. Bot. p. 432. t. 43; Migq. Fl. Ind. 
Bat. iii. p. 171.—An F. insignis, Blume, Rumph. p. 158, t. 42, forma 
minor P—c.p. 2333. ; 

Has. Southern and Central Provinces, up to an elevation of 4000 
feet, climbing over the trunks and branches of large trees. 

Capitula fructus maturi 2-8 poll. longa, pulchre rubra. 

2. F. angustifolia, Blume, l.c. p. 159, t. 43; Mig. l.c. eum syn.— 
©.P. 366. 

Has. In similar situations with the preceding, and more abundant. 


3. NIPA, Rumph. 


1. N. fruticans, Thunb. (Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 150, eam syn.)— 
C.P. 3333. 

Has. Mangrove swamps in the south of the island. Nom. vulg. 
ee Gim-pdl.” 


CLVI. PALMACEA. 
TRIB. I. ARECINE, Mart. 
1. ARECA, Linn. 
1, A. Catechu, Linn. (Roxb. Pl. Cor. i. p. 54, t. 75; FI: Ind. iii. p. 
3 615; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 8, cum syn.)—c.P. 3471. 


Has. Abundant in native gardens throughout the warmer parts of 
the island. Nom. vulg. “ Poowak-gass.” 


328 ENUMERATION OF [ Palmacea, 


An apparently larger form of this (4r. alba, Rumph., Migq., baud Willd.) oceurs 
sparingly in native gardens, but it is said to have been introduced and uot to be in- 
digenous to the island. The seeds of both kinds are used by the natives as a masti- 
eatory with Betel. 


2, A. concinna, Thw.; inermis, cawdice tenui, simplici, annulato ; 
frondibus paucis, pinnatisectis, subglabris ; segmentis falcatis, valde 
acuminatis; ferminalibus brevioribus, plus minus confluentibus, trun- 
eatis, apice dentatis ; spadice ramoso ; oribus ut in A. Catechu dispo-. 
sitis; Masc.: 6-andris; petalis ovato- anceolatis, quam sepala rotun- 
dato-oblonga fere 3-plo longioribus; ovarit rudimento trigono-clavi- 
formi; r@M.: drupa fibrosa, subfusiformi, umbonata ; albumine rumi- 
nato.—‘* Areca Dicksonii, Roxb. ?” Moon’s Cat. p. 66.—c.P. 620. 

Has. Forests in the Reigam and Pas-doon Corles. Nom. vulg. 
* Laina-terri-gass.” : 

Caudex 8-12-pedalis, viridis, 1-1-3 poll. in diam. Frondes circiter 7, a 

- ped. longee (excl. basi vaginante 16 poll. longa) segmentis mediis 2 ped. longis, 2 
poll. latis. Drupa sesquipollicaris, flavo-rufescens. 

Apparently closely allied to A. pumila, Blume, Rumph. t. 99 (haud Mart.), but 
the male flowers of the present plant are biserial, not uniserial as described in Blume’s 
species. The Cinghalese chew the albumen of the seeds with their Betel. 


2, PTYCHOSPERMA, Labill., Mig. 
Sect. Spiranthe, Miq. 


1. P.rupicola, Thw.; inermis; caudice elato, simplici, annulato ; 
frondibus subglabris, pinnatisectis, seymentis lanceolatis, oblique acumi- 
natis, terminalibus plus minus confluentibus, premorso-dentatis, nervo 
medio superne prominenti, subtus squamoso ; FLOR. MASC. : 12-andris ; 


petalis acutis, quam sepala rotundata obtusa 4-5-plo longioribus ; ovarit 


“rudimento parvo; FLOR. F@M.: sepalis petalisque rotundatis, obtusis, 


ovario rotundato, acuminato ; stigmatibus minutissimis ; evulo pendulo. © 
—* Caryota mitis, Willd. ?” Moon’s Cat. p. 65.—c.P. 2732. : 
Has. Rocky places in forests of the Southern and Central Provinces, 
at no great elevation. Nom. vulg. “ Dotaloo-gass.” 
Caudex 80-40-pedalis, 4-5 poll. in diam. Frondes 6-8-pedales, basi vaginante — 
15 poll. longa. Spathe complete 2, acuminatz, externe parce furfuracese, exterior 
crista acuta, $ poll. lata marginata. Spadix valde ramosus, pallide ochraceus, plus 
minus rufescens, sesquipedalis, pedunculo brevi. Drupa fibrosa, parum carnosa, oct 
spheerica, $ poll. in diam., abrupte obliqueque acuminata. Semen pendulum, albu- — 
mine ruminato, coccineo-variegato. ‘ 
The seeds of this are used by the Cinghalese with their Betel, as a substitute for 
those of the Areca Catechu. : 


3. ONCOSPERMA, Blume. 


1. 0. fasciculata, Thw.; stolonifera; caudice elato, aculeato; Sron-— 
dium segmentis secus rachin fasciculatis, 4-7-nis, 4~7-stiche (vel sub-— 
spiraliter) dispositis, apicibus dependentibus ; spathis ARMED mer- 

-mibus.—Caryota horrida, Moon’s Cat. p. 64 (haud Willd.)—c.P. 2337. 

Haz. Forests in the Central Province, up to an elevation of cS 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Kattoo-kittool.”  ~ oe 

Caudex 30-40-pedalis vel ultra, 5-6 poll. in diam., aculeis numerosis nigris com- 
pressis flexilibus patentibus armatus. Frondes (excl. basi vaginante externe furfaracea 


Palmacee.] ‘CEYLON PLANTS, 329 


aculeataque 2% «ped. longa) 8-pedales ; rachide fusco-furfuracea basin versus plus 
minus aculeata; laming segmentis lanceolatis, valde acuminatis, 12-18 poll. longis, 
1-1% poll. latis, basi parum induplicatis, nervo medio Superne prominente subtus 
parce squamoso. Spathe complete 2, parcissime furfuracea. Spadix 2-pedalis, ra- 
mosus, densiflorus (2 mase. 1 fem. in scrobic.). FLor, asc. 9-andri, ovario sterili 
majusculo, fere ad basin trifido, segmentis cylindricis. Drupa spheerica, semipolli- 
caris, nigro-purpurea, Albumen ruminatum, albidum, ochraceo-variegatum. 

Distinguished from Oncosperma Jilamentosa, Blume (Areca Nibung, Mart.), and 
Areca horrida, Griff., by its 9-androus male flowers and the fasciculate arrangement 
of the laminze of its fronds. 


4, CARYOTA, Linn. 


1.-G. urens, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p- 625, cum syn.)—o.P. 3742. 

Haz. Southern and central parts of the island, up to an elevation of 
2000 feet ; principally in native gardens. Nom. vulg. “ Kittool-gass.” 

From the flowering stems of this plant toddy is drawn, from which a coarse kind 
of sugar is made by the Cinghalese. The wood is useful for building purposes. 


TRIB. Il. BORASSINEZ, Mart. 


5. BORASSUS, Linn. 


1. B. flabelliformis, Linn, (Roxb. Cor. Pl. i. p. 50, tt. 71, 72; Fi. 
Ind. iii. + 90.)—c.p. 3743. : 

Haz. Hot, drier, and especially the northern parts of the island. 
Nom. vulg. « Tal-gass.” 

Where this tree grows in abundance it is second only to the Cocoa nut in value 
to the native population, every part of the plant being made available for some useful 
. Purpose, 


“TRIB. Ill, CORYPHIN, Mart. 


6. CORYPHA, Linn. 


10. umbraculifera, Linn. (Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 49, cum syn.) 
—C.P. 2336. 
Han. Southern and central warm moister parts of the island. Nom. 
- “ Talla-gass.” 
Mats, useful for constructing temporary dwellings and for other purposes, are made 
vom the large fronds of this fine tree. 


7. PHOENIX, Linn. 


1. P. sylvestris, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p.787, cum syn.— Palma dactyli- 
Sera minor, etc., Burm. Thes. Zeyl. p. 183, cum syn.—c.P. 3172. 
: 4B. Very common in the hotter parts of the island. 
 eexsitdex 8-10-pedalis. Drupa 6 lin. longa, 8-84 lin, lata, “nitida, rubro-nigres- 
; ae 


‘The Cinghalese cat the swectish pulp of the ripe seeds, and construct mats and 
es of the leaves, 


t 2U 


. 


330 ENUMERATION OF [ Palmacee. 


TRIB. IV. COCOINA, Mart. 


8. COCOS, Linn. 


1. G. nucifera, Linn. (Roxb. Pl. Cor. i. p. 52, t. 73; Fl. Ind. iii. p. 
614; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 64, cum syn.)—c.P. 3744. 

Has. Commonly cultivated throughout the warmer parts of the 
island. Nom. vulg. “ Pol-gass.” — 
~The value of this tree is so well known, that it is unnecessary here to make any 
observations on the subject. 


TRIB. V. LEPIDOCARYINE, Mart. 
9, CALAMUS, Linn. 


Nom. vulg. ‘‘ Waiwel.” 


1. C. longisetus, Griff. Palms of British India, p. 42, tt. 189, A, B. 
Jegginly Gen. et Sp. Palm. p. 382: Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 114.)— 
C.P. 3. 

Has. Hantani District, in the Central Province, at an elevation of 
2000 to 3000 feet. 

Planta fem.: Flores secus ramulos spadicis per paria (1 masc., 1 hermaph.) dis- 
positi. Drupa obovata (includ. rostro obtuso 2 lin. longo), pollicaris, squamis majus- 
culis, in 5 vel 6 spiris, ochraceis, margine fuscis. 

Closely allied to C. erectus, Roxb. (C. schizospathus, Griff. 1. e. p. 41), of which I 
have specimens from Dr. Hooker, but besides the differences pointed out by Griffith 
in the work quoted, the rostrum of the fruit in the present species is longer and its 
scales larger and fewer than in (, erectus. 


2. CG. rudentum, Lour. (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 203; Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 
es : 6.)\—Palmajuncus albus, Rumph. Amboin. v. p. 102, t. 53.—c.P. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Ma-waiwel.” 


3. C. Roxburghii, Griff. ].c. p. 55, t.*112.—C. Rotang, Roxb. 1. ¢. 
Pp. 777 (non Linn. neque Willd. nisi partim).—c.P. 3388. 
Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 
4, CG. gracilis, Roxb. l. c. p. 781; Griff. 1. c. p. 64, t. 196, cum syn.— 
C.P. 2334. 
Has. South of the island. 
Frondis lamine latitudine valde varia, secus rachin fasciculatee vel nonnunquam fla- 
bellatim apicales. Spadices maseuli 3-5-pollicares: Flores plus minus conferti. 
Spad. fem, nondum vidi. 
 _5. ©. tenuis, Roxb. Le. p 780; Griff. l.c. p. 57, tt. 93, A, B, C.— 
~ C. monoicus, Roxb. 1. ¢. p. 789 P—c.P. 2335. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, not very uncommon. 
Tota planta, frondiam laminis exceptis, plus miaus fugaci-ferrugineo-furfuracea. 
Spadices masc, supradecompositi, ramulis florigeris brevibus, recurvis, paucifloris. 
_ Flores distichi, conferti. 


6. G. delicatulus, Thw.; frondis laminis numerosis, equidistantibus, 


 lineari-lanceolatis, valde acuminatis, margine et utrinque ad nervos 


- longiuseule setigeris; rachide fugaci-ferrugineo-furfuracea, carina aculcis 
_ uncinatis armata ; spadicibus masculis valde elongatis, filiformibus, de- 


* 


Hydrocharidea. | CEYLON PLANTS. 331 


—compositis vel parum supradecompositis; spathis inermibus, basi at- 
tenuatis, apice longiuscule ciliati; floribus alternatim distichis, parum 
distantibus.—c.p. 3159. 
Has. Galle District. 
_Frondis lamine 8 poll. longe, $ poll. late, Spad. mase. rami florigeri circiter 
18, singuli 1-5 poll. longi. Bractee bracteoleque minute. Fior. masc. Calyx 
urceolatus, 3-dentatus. Corolla duplo longior, fere ad basin tripartita, segmentis 
oblongis, acutis. Stamina filamentis longiusculis, subliberis. Ovarii rudimentum 
minutum. 

I regret not being able at present to obtain sufficient materials to draw up so com- 
plete a description as could be desired of this apparently very distinct species. 


CLVIL. TYPHACEA. 


1. TYPHA, Linn. 


__ 1. T. angustifolia, Linn. (Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 91, eum syn.; Mig. 
Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 173, cum syn.; Roxb, Fl. Ind. iii. p. 567.)—T. ele 
phantina, Roxb. |. c. p. 566.—c.P. 3218. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island, not very common. 


CLVIII. PISTIACEA. 


1. PISTIA, Linn. 


1. P. Stratiotes, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 131, cum syn.; Miq. 
Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 218, cum syn.)—c.P. 3334. af 
Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Deya-parandella. 


~ 


' 2. LEMWA, Linn. | 


1. L. minor, Linn. ; Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 4, cum syn.—c.p. 2379. 
Has. Not uncommon. 
_ 2. Li. polyrhiza, Linn. ; Eng. Bot. t.,2458?—L. major, Griffith, No- 
tule (Monocot.), p. 220, t. 264. An L. orbiculata, Roxb. FI. Ind. iii. p. 
565 P—c.p, 2378. : 
Has. North ofthe island, Gardner. 


CLIX. HYDROCHARIDE2. 
1. HYDRILLA, Rich. 


1, ER. verticillata, Casp. in Pringsh. Jahrb. i. 494.—H. dentata, Casp. 
Bot. Zeit. (1854) p- 56. He Wightii, Janch. Ann. des Se. Nat. a 
‘3me ser. xi. p.79. H. ovalifolia, Rich. H. angustifolia, Blume, Mus. 
Lugd. Bat. i. p. 82. Vallisneria verticillata, Roxb. F1. Ind. iii. p. 
. Serpicula verticillata, Roxb. Pl. Cor.t.164.—¢.P.2310 (2305, 2309). 
‘Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. — oa 
_ fructus (in meis specim.) demum dimidio superiore filamentis paucis longiusculis 
acutis squarrosis appendiculato. 


332 ENUMERATION OF = [Alismacee. 


2. NECHAMANDRA, Planch. 


1, N. alternifolia.— NV. Roxburghii, Planch. Ann. des Sc. Nat. (Bot.) 
3me ser. xi. p. 78 (excl. syn. Roxb. Pl. Cor. t. 165). Vallisneria alter- 
nifolia, Rok. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 750.—c.P. 3176. 

Has. Batticaloa District. 


. 


3. BLYXA, Thouars. 


1. B. octandra, Planch. in Hb. Hook.—B. Griffithii, Planch. in Hb. 
Hook. B. Roxburghii, Rich.; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 237, cum syn. 
Vallisneria octandra, Roxb. Pl. Cor. t. 165; Fl. Ind. iii. p. 752. Di- 
plosiphon oryzetarum, Dene., in Jacq. Voy. Bot. 167.—c.P. 237. 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

FLor. HERMAPHR, : Sfamina 3, cum perianthii laciniis interioribus alternantia, an- 
_ theris linearibus polliniferis. Po/Zen sphericum, echinulatum. 

Tn all the female flowers I have examined of this plant I have found three stamens 
alternating with the inner lobes of the perianth. 


4, ENHALOUS, L. C. Rich. 


1. EB. marinus, Griff. Not. (Monocot.) p. 178, tt. 249, 250.—E. aco- 
roides, Rich. ; Zoll. Cat. p. 60. E. Kenigii, Rich. ; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. 
ili. p. 237. Stratiotes acoroides, Linn. f.; Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. p. 820. 
Acorus marinus, Rumph. Herb. Amb. vi. p- 191, t. 75, f. 2—c.P. 2296. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. z 


5. OTTELIA, L. C. Rich. 


IO: alismoides, Pers. Syn. p. 400, cum syn.—Damasoniwm Indi- 
_ Willd. ; Roxb. Pl. Cor. t. 185. Stratiotes alismoides, Linn.—c.P. 
Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


CLX. ALISMACEA. 


1. ALISMA, Juss. 


1. A. glandulosum, Thw, ; acaule, foliis longe petiolatis, ovatis, sub- 
acutis, subtus sparsim glanduloso-punctatis, profunde cordatis, lobis 
posticis ovatis approximatis parum acutis; scapo foliis subsequilongis, 
apice paniculato, multifloro ; floribus 3-nis, longe pedicellatis, 6-andris ; 
ne 4-5, dorso 4-costatis, costis margine tuberculatis.—c.P. 2318. 

4B. Tanks in the hotter northern parts of the island. 

Folia 6-8 poll. longa, 4-5 poll. lata, petiolo 2-4-pedali vel ultra. Bracte@ ma- 
juscule, lanceolate, acuminate. Flores parvi, sepalis petalisque rotundatis. 

_,2. & obtusifolium.—Sagittaria obtusifolia, Linn.; Kunth, Enum. 
‘lil. p. 158, cum nota (“ potius Alismatis species?”); Roxb. Fl. Ind. ui. 
p. 646.— Culi-tamara, Rheed. Hort. Mal. xi. t. 45.—c.p. 2317. 
Has. In similar situations with the last species. 


Najadacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. B33 


CLXI. NAJADACER. 
1. CYMODOCEA, Kenig. 


1. C. sequorea, Kon. (Kunth, Enum. iii. p- 118, cum syn.)—c.p. 
2380. 
Has. Point de Galle, Gardner. 


2. THALASSIA, Soland. 


1. T. stipulacea, Keak: (Kunth, Enum. iii. p- 120, cum syn.)—c.». 
3055. 
Has. Trincomalee, Prof. W. H. Harvey. 


3. POSIDONTIA, Ken. 


: 1. P. serrulata, Spr. (Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 122, cum syn.)—c.P. 
056. 
Has. Trincomalee, Prof. W. H. Harvey, Rev. 8. O. Glenie. 
Folia \inearia (in meis specim.), 6 poll. longa, + poll. lata, 15-nervia, apice rotun- 
data, argute serrulata, asi vaginante sesquipollicari, Ziguéa brevissima truncata. : 
Inflorescentiam nondum vidi. : 


4. RUPPIA, Linn. 


1, R. subsessilis, Thw.; fasciculis versus PF terse apicem per 
paria approximatis, hine Jloribus 2-3-subverticillatis ; nuculis maturis 
obtuse obovoideis, subsessilibus.—c.P. 3214. 

Has. Jaffna, Moon. 


5. APONOGETON, Thunb. 
Nom. vulg. “ Kaikateya.” 


1, A. monostachyon, Linn. f. (Roxb. Pl. Cor. i. t.81; Fl. Ind. ii. p- 
210, cum syn.)—c.p. 2307. 
Has. North of the island, Gardzer. 
2. A. erispus, Thunb. ; Spr. Syst. ii. 465.—A. undulatus. Roxb. Fl. 
Tnd. ii. p- 211.—c.p. 2306, 2308, 3381. : 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 6000 feet. 
Folia oblonga, lanceolata vel linearia, basi cordata vel acuta, breve vel longiuscule 
petiolata, : 
The larger, more translucent, and transversely-veined leaves of the present species 
at once distinguish it from the preceding. The roots are eaten by the Cinghalese. 


6. POTAMOGETON, Linn. 
1. P. natans, Linn. (Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 127, cum syn.)—c.p. 590. 
Haz. Ambagamowa District. 


2. P. pectinatus, Linn. (Kunth, |. c. p. 137, cum syn.)—c.p. 3531. 
Has. Caltura, 


334 ENUMERATION OF [ Arotdea. 


. 


CLXII. AROIDER. 


TRIB. I. LUAROIDEZ. 
1. CRYPTOCORYNE, Fisch. 


1. G. spiralis, Fisch.; Wight, Ic. t. 773.—Ambrosinia spiralis, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 492. 

Has. Ceylon, Walker (Herb. Hook). 

I have not met with this species, nor are there specimens of it in this Herbarium. 

2. C. Thwaitesii, Schott, Prod. Syst. Aroid. p. 14.—c.p. 3464. 

Has. Singhe-rajah forest, and at Hewessee, in the Pas doon Corle. 

Folia obovata, basi apiceque parum angustata, superne punctis elevatis densissime 
ornata, margine elegantule undulata, 1-3 poll. longa, 3-14 poll. lata, basi cordata, 


-lobis posticis rotundatis ; petiolo subeequilongo. Scapus brevissimus. Spatha ob- 


longa, in rostrum longiusculum gradatim angustata, nec torta. 


2. LAGENANDRA, Dalzell. 
‘1, Le. ovata.—L. tovicaria, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. iv. (1852) 


p. 289; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 192, cum syn. Arum ovatum, Linn. 


arin-pola, Rheed. Hort. Mal. xi. p. 45, t. 23.—c.P. 3315. 
sora abundant in the Central Province, etc. Nom. vulg. 
* Kettulla.” 


2, Ls. lancifolia.— Cryptocoryne lancifolia, Schott, 1. c. p. 15. 
—c.P. 3173, 3174. 

Has. Banks of rivers and streams, in the southern and central parts 
of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Atta-oodiyang.” 

The roots are used medicinally. 

Folia ovato-lanceolata vel.lanceolata, acuminata, superne sparse subtus dense albido 
punctulata, basi rotundata vel acuta, 2-4 poll. longa, $-14 poll. lata; petiolo subee- 
quilongo. Scapus brevis. Spatha oblonga, plus minus rugosa, in rostrum abrupte 
vel gradatim angustata, 1-2-pollicaris, purpurascens, interne atro-purpurea. Ovaria 
30-40, circa medium sub stigmate conico minute tuberculata. 

3. L. Keenigii.—Cryptocoryne Kenigii, Schott, lc. p. 16; foliis 
longiusculis, lineari-lanceolatis, acuminatis, sessilibus ; seapo foliis bre- 
viore; spatha longe et gradatim acuminata.—c.P. 3496. 

Has. Singhe-rajah forest, between Galle and Katnapoora. 

Folia 1-2-ped. longa, 3-8 lin. lata, subtus albido-punctulata. Scapus 2-8 poll. 


longus. Ovaria circiter 30. Semina 2% lin. longa, pluri-alato-costata. 


3, ARUM, Linn. 
Sect.—Spadix apice subulato. Typhonium, Schott. . 


1. A. divaricatum, Linn. (Benth. Fl. Hongkong. p. 342, cum syn.) 
—Typhonium divaricatum, Blume, Rumph. i. p. 130, t. 36 ; Migq. |. ¢. 
p- 192, cum syn.—c.P. 3666. 

‘Has. Common in the hotter parts of the island. 

2. A. trilobatum, Linn. (an Roxb.?)—Typhonium trilobatum, Schott ; 
Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 194, cum syn. 4. Orizense, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. 
p- 503; Wight, Ic. t. 801.—c.P, 2896. . 


Eee 


Aroidee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 335 


Has. Very common in damp grassy places in the Central Province. 


Nom. vulg. “ Panoo-alla.” 


The leaf of Roxburgh’s 4. Orizense, as figured by Wight, is so similar in form to 
that of the present plant, that I cannot doubt their being the same species, and that 
the drawing of the inflorescence of the former must be incorrect. The Cinghalese 
‘employ the bruised roots to destroy maggots in the sores of cattle. 


4. ARIS ARMA, Mart. 


1, A. curvatum, Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 20, cum syn.—Arwm curvatum, 
Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 506; Wight, Ic. t. 788. 
Has. Ceylon, Walker. (Herb. Hook.) 


2. A, filiforme, Blume, Rumph. i. p. 102, t. 28.—An A. curvati, 
Kunth, var. P—c.p. 3118. 

Has. South of the island. 

Tn my specimens the five folioles are radiate, not pedate as in Blume’s figure, but 
in other respects the resemblance appears to be perfect. 

3. A. papillosum, Steud. (Schott, Synop. Aroid. p. 31.)—An A. eru- 
bescens, Sch. 1. c. p. 30 P—c.r. 546. : 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. Nom. - 
vulg. “ Wal-kidaran.” : 

The roots are employed as a medicine by the Cinghalese. 


a 


5. AMORPHOPHALLUS, Blume. 


1, A. campanulatus, Bl. Rumph. i. p. 144, tt. 32,33; Mig. Fl. Ind. 
Bat. iii. p. 201, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. t. 785.—c.p. 2823. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, especially near the sea. Nom. vulg. 
“ Kidaran.” o 

The Cinghalese eat the roots of the cultivated variety (nom. vulg. “ Kanna-kida- 
ran”) of this plant, and use those of the wild one medicinally. 

2. A. Geylanicus, Blume, |. c. p. 148.—Brachyspatha Zeylanica, 
Schott, Synop. Aroid. p. 36. , 

Has. (Mev le Tangulle and Matura, Koenig. (Blume, 1. ¢.) 

I have not been so fortunate as to meet with this or with the next species, nor are — | 
there specimens of either in this Herbarium. ‘ ; 

3. A. dubius, Blume, l. c. p. 142.—Schena, Rheed. Hort. Mal. xi. p. . 
35, t. 18. 

Has. Ceylon, Rheede, 1. ce. 


6. COLOCASIA, Ray. 


1) C. antiquorum, Schott, Syn. Aroid. p. 40, cum syn. (Mig. Fl. 
Ind. Bat. a 202, ‘ek ay aes Colocasia, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. 
Son 494. A. nympheifolium, Roxb. |. ¢. p. 495 ; Wight, Ic. t. 786.—c.P. 

Haz. Very abundant on the banks of streams and other damp places. 
Nom. vulg. ** Gahala.” 

The very young leaves of this, and the tubers and young leaves of the cultivated 
variety (nom. vulg. “ Kandalla”) are eaten by the Cinghalese. 


336 ENUMERATION OF [ Aroidee. 


2. CG. macrorrhiza, Schott, Mel. i. 18; Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 38.— 
C. odora, Brongn. Kunth, |. c. p. 39 ; Benth. Fl. Hongkong. p. 348, cum 
syn. Alocasia macrorrhiza, Schott, Miq. lc. p. 205, cum syn. Arwm 
odorum, Roxb. l.c. p.499. A. maerorrhizum, Linn. Sp. 1369 ; Fl. Zeyl. 
no. 327.—c.P. 3725. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Habarella.” 

The tubers and young leaves of the cultivated, and the very young leaves of the 
wild plant, are eaten by the Cinghalese. 

3. C. cucullata, Schott, Mel. i. 18; Kunth, l.c. p. 38, cum syn.— 
Alocasia cucullata, Schott, Syn. Aroid. p.48. Arum cucullatum, toi 
Roxb. l.c. p. 501; Wight, Ic. t. 787.—c.P. 3746. 

Has. On the roadside between Caltura and Galle: possibly not truly 
indigenous. 
 _ 4, G. vivipara.— Remusatia vivipara, Schott ; Kunth, 1. ¢. p. 36 ; 
Wight, Ic. tt. 798, 900. Arum viviparum, Roxb. l.c. p. 496.—c.P. 


== Has. Common in forests of the Central Province. 


C. Indica is cultivated in native gardens as a vegetable. 


TRIB. Il. ORONTIZZ. 


7: LASIA, Lour. 


1. L. spinosa.— ZL. Asiorophylic, Schott; Miq. Fl. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 
176, cum syn. L. Hermanni, Schott. _Pothos heterophylla, Roxb. FI. 
Ind. 1. Dp 437; Wight, Ic. t. 777. Dracontium spinosum, Linn. Fl. 
Zeyl. a 328.—c.P. 2978 (3315 partim). K 

_Has. Warmer parts of the island, notuncommon. Nom. vulg. “Ko- 
hilla,” ‘‘ Mahakohilla.” : Z 

A very variable species. The leaves and roots are used as a vegetable in curries, 
and are also employed medicinally by the Cinghalese. 


8. SCINDAPSUS, Schott. 


1. S. Peepla, Schott, Mel. i. 21; Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 62.—Rhaphi- 
dophora Peepla, Schott, Prod. Aroid.; Benth. Fl. Hongkong. p. 344, 
eum syn. Pothos Peepla, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 433; Wight, Ic. t. 780. 
BE ce 3667. 

Has. Not uncommon in the Central i i the 
trunks of large trees. : oe earn ic ae 

2. 8. decursivus, Schott, Mel. i. 21. (Kunth, 1. c. cum syn. ; Miq. Fi. 
Ind. Bat. iii. p. 186, cum syn.)—Rhaphidophora decursiva, Schott, Gen. 
— a. . Pothos decursivus, Roxb. 1. c. p. 436; Wight, Ic. t. 779. 
__ Has. Forests of the Central Province, at an elevation of 2000 to 4000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Dada-kaihel.” 


9. POTHOS, Linn. 


1, P. scandens, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 430, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. 
£: 776.)-—P. scandens and P. Hookers, Schott.—o.P. 2351. 


Liliacee.| - CEYLON PLANTS. 337 


Has. Extremely abundant in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. 
vulg. ‘* Pota-wel.” 

The seeds are eaten by the Cinghalese, after being a long time boiled. 
_.2. P. remotiflora, Hook. Ic. Pl. ii. t. 133.—An P. oxyphyllus, Miq. 
Fil. Ind. Bat. iii. p. 181, t. 38 ?—c.p. 2432. 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Planta juvenis: Caulis filiformis, elongatus, super truncos arborum repens et 
lisdem arcte adherens. Folia parva, plus minus conferta, rotundata, apiculata, pro- 
fande cordata, 7-nervia, prominentim reticulata, brevi-petiolata. 

It will be seen by the above description of it that the young state of this plant is 
so unlike the appearance it subsequently assumes, that without tracing the transition 
from one to the other it would be difficult to believe them to belong to one species, 


TRIB. III. ACOROIDEZ. 


10. ACORUS, Linn. 


1, A. Calamus, Linn. (Roxb. FI. Ind. ii. p. 169; Kunth, Enum. iii. 
p- 87, cum syn.)—c.P. 3745. 
— AB. Not very uncommon in native gardens. Nom. vulg. ‘ Wada- 
aha.” _ 


_ The roots and leaves are used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 


CLXII. LILIACEA. 


1. ASPARAGUS, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Hatawaareya.”) 


1, A. falcatus, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. p. 152; Burm. Thes. Zeyl. 
t. 13. f. 2.; Linn. Fl. Zeyl. No. 123.)—c.p. 2298. 

Haz. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 

Rami scandentes, angulati, aculeati. Folia 24-4 poll. longa, 1-1 lin. lata, acuta, 
sessilia, solitaria vel fasciculata. Racemi 5-7 lin. longi, 8-10 flori. Pedicelli 2 
lin. longi, infra medium articulati. Bractea parvee, ovate, acute. Perianthit seg- | 
menta oblonga, obtusa, 1 lin, longa. : 

2. A. racemosus, Willd. (Roxb. Flor. Ind. ii. p. 151; Wight, Ic. t. 
2056.) —A. floribunda, Kunth, Enum. v. p.98, cumsyn. An A. acerosus, 
Roxb. ?—c:p, 2299 (737 partim). E 

Has. Abundant in the warmer parts of the island. as ore 
Folia 4-1 poll. longa. Racemi sesquipollicares, ad apicem florigeri. Pedicelli 2 
lin. longi, infra medium articulati. Perianthii segmenta 14 lin. longa. 

3, A. sarmentosus, Linn. (Kunth, lc. p. 97, cum syn.)—c.P. 2300 
(737 partim). = 

Has. Not uncommon, up to an elevation of ag 9s es 

Folia 4-6 lin. | lin. lata, plus minus fasciculata. fvacem? elongati, to: 
oso Poaiseth St longh Salle supra medium articulati. Perianthiit segmenta 

—1% lin. longa. seta oe 

This, like as agendas species, has wider leaves when growing in the hills than 
When occurring near the sea. ‘ 

- The species are all used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 


2x 


338 ENUMERATION OF [Liliacee. — 


fal 


2. DRACAINA, Vand. 


1. D. elliptica, Thunb. (Kunth, Enum. v. p: 14.)—D. spicata, Roxb. 
var. floribus minoribus. Cordyline Sieboldvi, Planch. Miq. Fl. Ind. 
Bat. iii. p. 557, cum syn.—c.p. 2293. 

Has. Shady places, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 

Folia oblonga, oblongo-lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata, longiuscule acuminata, 
basi acuta, 6-12 poll. longa, 4-2 poll. lata, petiolo bipollicari. Llores pallide 
virides, 4—5 lin. longi. 


; 3. SANSEVIERA, Thunb. 
1. S. Zeylanica, Willd. (Kunth, Enum. v. p. 18. cum syn.)—c.P. 


2297. : 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. Nom. vulg. “ Neyanda.” 
The leaves of this plant yield a fibre of very excellent quality. 


4. DIANELLA, Lam. 


1. D. ensifolia, Redouté, (Kunth, Enum. v. p. 50, cum syn.)—D. 
~ Lam. Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 164. (excl. syn. Rumph.)—c.P. 

Has. Common in the Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 
feet. Nom. vulg. “ Monera-pattang.” 


5. DISPORUM,, Salisb. 


1, D. Leschenaultianum, Don, (Kunth, Enum. iiii. p. 207, cum syn. 5 
Wight, Ic. t. 2048.)—D. Mysorense and D. Ceylanicum, Wight, le. t. 
2049.—c.P. 2319. i Le 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 7000 feet, on the — 
margins of woods. aohiee ‘ 


6. SMILAX, Tourn. 


1, S. maculata, Roxb. (Kunth, Enum. v. p. 218, eum syn. ; Wight, 
Te. t. 2059.)—S. fulgens, Wall. Kunth, l.c. p. 219. 8. Villandia, am. 
in Wall. Cat. No..5123. 8. Nilgherrensis, St.—c.r. 75 (808). 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. 


2. S. ovalifolia, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. p. 794; Wight, Ic. t. 809; Kunth, 
Le. p. 249.—S. macrophylla, Roxb. .. D. 400. a prolifera, Roxb. 
_ Le.p. 795. An S. retusa, Roxb. 1. ¢. p. 793.—0.P. 2302. has 

Has. Common in the warmer parts of the island. Nom. vulg- 
** Maha-kabarosa.” 


8. S. Zeylanica, Linn. (Kunth, 1. c. p. 249, cum syn.; Wight, Ic. tt. 

a , 2058.)— Kari Vilandi, Rheed. i. rt. Mal. vii. p. 59, t. 31.—c.P.- 

_ Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 5000 feet. Nom. vulg. 
** Heen-kabarosa.”” Sai 


® 


CEYLON PLANTS. 339 


7. CHLOROPHYTUM, Ker. 


1. C. parviflorum, Dalz. in Hook. Journ. of Bot. ii. (1850) p. 141 ; 
Bombay Flora, p, 251.—Phalangium? parviflorum, Wight, Ic. t. 
2039.—c.p. 2292. 

Has. Not uncommon in the southern parts of the island, at no great 
elevation. 


2. C. breviscapum, Dalz. |. c.?—c.p. 2291. 

Has. Kornegalle and Matale, Gardner ; Central Province, common. 
Nom. vulg. “ Bim-pil.’’ : . 

Folia pedalia, spathulato-lanceolata, acuminata. Scapi foliis breviores, parum 
densiflori. Pedicelli breves, apice articulati. Bracte@ lineari-lanceolate, acute, in- . 
feriores pollicares. Sepaia lanceolata, 3 lin. longa, apice plus minus cucullata apicu- 

que, Ovarium loculis. circiter 15-ovulatis. Capsula triquetra, 4 lin. longa, 
- loculis 8-10-spermis. Semina atra, rugosa, minutissime tuberculata. 

This appears to agree in every respect with Mr. Dalzell’s description, except ‘in 
the more numerous ovules of the present plant. 

Used medicinally by the Cinghalese. 


8. ALLIUM, Linn. 


1, A. Hookeri, Thw.; scapo elongato, subtriangulari, basi folioso; 
foliis membranaceis, linearibus, 9-11-nerviis, scapo brevioribus ; wm- 
bella multiflora ; sepalis linearibus, parum acutis, filamentis subequi- 
longis ; capsula sepius monosperma.—A lium, No. 7. in Herb. Ind. Or. 
Hook. f. and Thoms.—c.v. 3659. ; 

‘ ate Pedrotalagalla near Newera Ellia, at an elevation of 7000 

eet. 

, Scapus 13-2-pedalis. Folia 24-8 Tin. lata, acuminata, apice minutissime retusa. 

Pediceili 6 lin. longi. Semina ovoidea, opaca, rugulosa, nigra, 14 lin. longa. 
_ | This is closely allied to A. Wallichii, Kunth, but is smaller in all its parts, and its — 

leaves have s fewer nervures, | 


, 9. IPHIGENTA, Kunth. 


. 1. I. Indica, Kunth, (Enum. iv. p. 213, cum syn.)—Anguillaria In- 
ica, R. Br.; Wall. Pl. As. Rar. iii. t. 259. Melanthiwm Indicum, 
Linn.—c.p. 3680. 

. Trincomale, Rev. 8. O. Glenie. 


10. GLORIOSA, Linn. 


1. G. superba, Linn. (Roxb. Fl. Ind. ii. p. 143, eum syn.)—Metho- 
nica superba, Lam. ; Kunth, Enum. iv. p- 376, cum syn.; Bot. Reg. t. 
17. Mendoni, Rheed. Hort. Mal. vii. t. 57.—c.P. 2295. 

B. Common in bushy places, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 


Nom. vulg. “ Neyangalla.” : 
11. OPHIOPOGON, Ker. 
Ophiopogon and Fliiggea, Kunth (haud Fliiggea, Willd.). 
1. O. intermedius, Don, Prod. Fl. Nep. p. 48.—Fliiggea intermedia, 


340 ENUMERATION OF _ °-LXyridacee. 


Schult. ; Kunth, Enum. v. p. 306. F. dubia, Kunth, 1. c. p. 305. F. 
Wallichiana, Kunth, l.c. p. 303. O. Indicus, Wight, Ic. t. 2050 (an 
Royle’). An F. Japonica, Rich.; Kunth, l.c. p. 302 P—c.p. 2294, 

- Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


12. FLAGELLARIA, Linn. bie 


1. F. Indica, Linn. (Kunth, Enum. iii. p. 370, cum syn.; Rheed. 
Hort. Mal. vii. t. 53.)—c.P. 2301. . 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, not uncommon. Nom. vulg. 
“ Goye-wel.” z 


CLXIII. JUNCACEA. 
1. JUNCUS, DC. 


1. J. glaucus, Ehrh. (Kth. Enum. iii. p. 316, cum syn.)—c.P. 1003. 
Has. More elevated parts of the Central Province. 


2. J. Leschenaultii, J. Gay, (Kth. l.c. p. 336.)—J. Sinensis, J. 
Gay; Kth. lc. J. Wallichianus, Laharpe; Kth. 1. c. p. 338.—c.P. 


844. 
Has. With the preceding species, 


. 


‘ 2. SUSUM, Blume. . 


1. S. anthelminticum, Blume, (Kth. Enum. iii. p. 371.)—c.P. 2738. 

Has. Marshy places in the south of the island, at no great elevation. 
Nom. vulg. “ Indooroo.” 

Folia 3-pedalia vel ultra, nigro-viridia, mucronata. Flores dioici. Calycis lacinize 
orbiculate. Fx. masc.: Stamina 6, filamentis sequilongis, basi coalitis, calycis 
laciniis interioribus adnatis. Ovarii rudimentum. parvum. FL. FEM: Stamina 
effeeta 6, glandulas 3 retusas calycis laciniis interioribus oppositas cingentia. Stigmata 
3, approximata, discoidea. Bacce atro-purpuree, pisi parvi magnitudine. 


CLXIV. XYRIDACEH. 3 - 
(Nom. vulg. “ Ranmanissa.”’) a 
1. XYRIS, Linn. 
1. X. Indica, Linn. (Kth. Enum. iv. p. 20,cum syn.)—c.P. 3028. 


Has. Marshy places in the hotter parts of the island. 

2. K. Walkeri, Wight, (Kth. l.c. p. 19.)—c.r. 997. 

Has. Similar situations with the preceding. 

Semina nitidiora et minus elongata quam ea spec. preecedentis. 

3. #K. schoenoides, Mart. (Kth. l.c. p. 16, cum syn.)—C.P. 3380. 

Has. Paddy fields and other wet places in the Central Province, UP 
to an elevation of 6000 feet. 

4, XX. pauciflora, Willd. (Kth. 1. c. p. 17, cum syn.)—C.P. 999. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island, in wet places. 


Restiacee. | : CEYLON PLANTS. 341 


CLXV. RESTIACEA, 


1. ERIOCAULON, Linn. 
(Nom. vulg. “ Kok-mota.”) 
1. E. setaceum, Linn. (Kth. Enum. iii. p. 550, cum syn.)—Z. inter- 
medium, Kornicke, in Linnea, xxvii.—c.p. 791 (794). 
Has. Hotter parts of the island, in marshy places. 


2, E. Wallichianum, Mart. in Wall. Pl. Rar. iii. t. 249; Kth. lc. 
p. 564, cum syn.—L. longifolium, N. ab Es., Kth.1.c. p. 567.—c.p. 
220. 


* 


Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


3. EB. sexangulare, Linn. (Kth. 1. c. p.551, cum syn.)—Z. Thwaitesit, 
_ KGrnicke, 1. c. (partim).—c.r. 795. 
Has. Central Province. 


4, E. truncatum, Ham. (Kth. l.c. p. 555.)—H#. Thwaitesii, Korn. 
1. c. (partim).—c.p. 790 (793). 

Haz. Very common. 

5. E. Brownianum, Mart. |.c. t. 248; Kth. 1.c. p. 562.—c.p. 377, 
378 (1001). 

Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 7000 feet. 

An extremely variable species, as regards the amount of pubescence, and the relative 
size of the leaves, peduncles, and capitula. The external sepals of the male flowers 
are more or less coherent. ae 

6. B. quinquangulare, Linn. (Willd. Sp. Pl. i. p. 485; Kth. le. p. 
556, cum syn.)—c.P. 792. 

Var. 8. argenteum.—E. argenteum, Mart.1.c.; Kth. 1. ¢. p. 557.— 
C.P. 3562. : 

Has. Very abundant on the borders of paddy-fields. 


_ 7. EB. luzuleefolium, Mart. l.c. p. 28; Kth.l.c. p. 553.—An Z. tri- 
lobum, Ham. in Herb. Wall. ; Kérn. 1. c.?—c.r. 796. 
Has. Central Province, up to an elevation of 4000 feet. 


8. E. Wightianum, Mart. l.c.; Kth. lc. p. 563; Steud. Synops. 
p. 271. cee 

Var. capitulis nigro-cinereis, parce pilosis.—c.P. 3382. 

Haz. Ambagamowa District. ; 3 

9. E. cristatum, Mart. 1. c.—Var. bracteis floralibus denticulatis et 
longiuscule cuspidato-acuminatis.—c.P. 789. _ 

AB. Rambodde, in the Central Province, Gardner. ee 

This may possibly be a distinct species, The flowers are mon@cious, and the 
flower eanks os different in shape from those of the ordinary form of L. cristatum ; 
but the two plants are so conformable in other respects, that I cannot venture to 
Separate them. 

10, E. atratum, Korn. 1. c.—c.r. 61. ; 

Var. . major.—E. caulescens, H. f. and T. MSS.—c.p. 131. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 5000 to 7000 feet. 

Parce caulescens. Folia vaginis valde dilatatis. - Sepala exteriora multum latiora 
quam in Z. cristato, cui alioquin hee species simillima est. 


. 


342 ENUMERATION OF 


CLXVI. CYPERACEZ. 
1, CYPERUS, Linn. 
* Stylo indiviso ; stigmate simplice. 


1. C. Hookerianus, Thw.— Cyperus, No. 21 (bis), Hook. f. and T. 
Herb. Ind. Orient.—c.p. 3221. 

Has. Galle. 

Sarmentosus. Folia firma, plana, ad apicem scabra, 4-12 poll. longa. Culm 
foliis subequilongi, trigoni, glabri. Involucrum 3-4-phyllum, capitulo subgloboso 
}-pollicari multoties longius. Spicude oblong, compressee, sub-12-flore. Sguame 
(2 vel 3 inferiores majores vacue) arcte imbricate, oblong, mucronato-acute, 
nitide, rugulose, ochracez, nigro-castaneo plus’ minus tincte, 1} lin. longee, carina 
scabride. Stamina. Caryopsis oblonga, rostrato-acuminata, subtrigona, glabra, 


 eastanea, basi longiuscule 3-callosa, pallida. 


a The undivided style and stigma, and the remarkable callosities at the base of the 
nut, well distinguish this from every other described species. 
: **® Stigmatibus 2. ; 

2. C. pulvinatus, N. and M. (N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. p. 74, cum 
syn.)—C. punctatus, Roxb. Fl. Ind.i. p. 193. ©. patens, Vahl, Enum. 
ii. p. 334; Kth. Enum. ii. p. 16.—c.P. 806. : 

ee Common in wet gravelly and sandy places. 

3. C. sanguinolentus, Vahl, |. c. p. 351; N. ab Es. Le. p. 75, cum 
syn.—c.P. 802. 

Has. Not uncommon in the Central Province. 


4, ©. polystachyus, Rottb. (haud Schlecht.) (Kth. 1. c. p. 13, cum 
syn.; N. ab Hs. 1. c. cum syn.; Roxb. 1. ¢.)—c.p. 800, 
Has. Very abundant. ’ 


5. ©. flavescens, Linn. (Steud. Synop. p. 4.)—C. capillaris, Ken. ; 
N. ab Es. lc. p. 76, cum syn. C. Junghuhnii, Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. iil. 
p. 13.—c.P. 801. 

_ Has. A very common speci¢s. Dr. Hooker observes that C. tor- 
tuosus, Roxb., is nearly a state of it. 

_ ©. puncticulatus, Vahl, |. c. p. 348; Kth. l.c. p. 15.—C. inundatus, 

Roxb. 1. c. p. 201 (haud R. Br.).—N.ab Es. 1. c. p. 76, cum syn.—e.P. 

3751 (3316 partim). 

Has. Warmer parts of the island. 

_ _ My specimens are somewhat smaller than the ordinary form of this plant, and their 
flower-scales are slightly mucronate just below the apex. 

7. ©. alopecuroides, Rottb. (N. ab Es. 1. c. (haud Roxb.) ; Kth. 1c. 
p. 19, cum syn.)—c.P. 3560. 

Has. Balticaloa District. 

*** Stigmatibus 3. 

8. C. compressus, Linn. (N. ab Es. l.c. cum syn.; Roxb. Le. p. 
194 (exel. syn. Pluk.) ; Kth. 1. c. p. 23,cum syn.)—c.pP. 812. 

Var. 5 seme angustis.—c.P. 807. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. gee 

9. CG. arenarius, Retz, (N. ab Es. l.c. p. 77, cum syn.; Kth. le. 
p- 46, cum syn.)—c.p. 798. 

Has. Batticaloa, Gardner. 


Cyperacee.| CEYLON PLANTS. =. ee 


10. C. Sonploinsretnny Rottb. (Steud. Synops. p. 15.)—C. leucoce- 
_ phalus, Retz, Steud. 1. c. p. 51; Kth. Le. p. 97.—c.p. 808. 
_ Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


1]. C. aristatus, Rottb. (N. ab Es. 1. c. p-. 78, cum syn.)—C. unci- 

_ natus, R. Br. Prod. 215. C. intricatus, Schrad, ; Kth. 1. c. p. 103. C. in- 

flerus, Muehl, in Willd. Herb. ; Kth. le. p. 22. C. angustifolius, 

Ham.; N. ab Es. 1l.c. p. 79. C. versicolor, N. ab Es. l. c. p- 78.—c.P. 
966. ; 


Has. Very abundant. 


12. C. castaneus, Willd. (N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 79, cum syn.; Kth. le. 
p- 21, cum syn.)—c.P. 803. x 

Has. Common in gravelly places. \ 

- 13, ©. Silhetensis, N. ab Es. l.c. p. 79; Kth. le. p- 33.—c.P. 
3558. 
. Has. Batticaloa District. : 

Closely allied to C. Haspan, Linn., from which it appears to be principally distin 
tinguished by its denser panicle aud more incurved flower-scales. 

14. C. Elaspan, Linn. (N. abs. |. c. p. 80, cum syn.; Kth. Le. p. 
34 cum syn.)—C. tenuispica, Steud. Synops. p. 11.—c.P. 799, 805, 
965. 

Has. Very abundant throughout the island. 
way C. pallidus, Heyne? (N. ab Es. l.c. p. 79; Kth. le. p. 40.)—e.P. 

59. j 

Has. Batticaloa District. 


16. C. articulatus, Linn. (N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 80, cam syn.; Kth. 1. c. 
p. 53.)—C. nudus, Roxb. 1. c. p. 187 (haud p. 209).—c.P. 3561. 
Has. Hotter parts of the island. 


17. C. rotundus, Linn. (Roxb. l.c. p. 197; Kth. l.e. p.58, cumsyn.) 
—C. heaxastachyus, Rottb.; N.ab Es. le. p. 81, cum syn. C. tenui- 
Jlorus, Rottb.; N. ab Es. l.c. p. 82. ©. pertenuis, Roxb. 1. c. p. 198. 
C. bulbosus, Vahl; N. ab Es. p. 81, cum syn.—c.P. 804, 3045. 

_ Has. Extremely abundant in cultivated ground, and a most trouble- 
some weed. Nom. vulg. “ Kallandooroo.” 

The aromatic tubers of this very variable species are much used as a medicine by 
the Cinghalese. 

a C. Retzii, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 82, cum syn.; Kth. 1. ce. p. 73.—c.P. 
Has. Central Province. 


19. C. procerus, Roth. (N. ab Es. l.c. p. 83, cum syn.)—c.P. 3752 - 
(3316 partim). 
Has. Balticaloa District. 
. 20. C. pennatus, Lam. (Kth. l.c. p. 80.)—C. canescens, Vahl; N. 
ab Es. 1. c. p. 84, cum syn.—c.P. 678. 

_ Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

21. C. exaltatus, Retz, (N. ab Es. 1. c. cum syn.; Kth. lc. p. 70.) 
—C. altus, N. ab Es. 1.c. eum syn.—c.P. 3040. 

B. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


22. C. Roxburghii, N. ab Es. 1. c. cum syn.; Kth. lc. p. 99.—C. 
elatus, Roxb..1. e. p. 204 (exel. syn.).—C.P. 3041. 


- 


. 


344 ENUMERATION OF [Cyperacea. 


Has. Hotter parts of the island, not common. 


Anthere connectivo longo acuto piloso terminate. 


93. C. xanthopus, Steud. Syn. p. 36.—C. infraapicalis, N. ab Es. in 
Hb. Wt.—c.v. 3044. 
Has. Doombera District. 

Culmus 8-4-pedalis vel ultra, triqueter, glaber, basi foliosus. Umbel/a decompo- 
sita. Spicule sub-8-flore, in spicas oblongas subcylindricas 7-10 lin. longas dense 
aggregate. Sguame parum distantes, oblonge, subacute, infra apicem mucronate, 
pallide ochraceo-cinereze, dorso rafo-pluristriate. | Caryopsis oblonga, trigona, brevi- 
rostrata, minutissime punctulata, pallide fusca. 


24, C. dubius, Rottb. (N. ab Es. l.c. p. 85, cum syn.)—C. kyllin- 
gioides, Vahl ; Kth. l.c. p. 94.—c.p. 855, 2942. 3 

Has. Central Province, not very uncommon up to an elevation of 
4000 feet. 


25. C. pilosus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 354.—C. obliquus, N. ab Es. Lc. 
P 86. C. piptolepis, Steud. Syn. p. 40. An C. marginellus, N. ab Es. 
.¢c. p. 83 P—c.P. 797. 
~ Has. Very common in the Central Province. 


96. C. Iria, Linn. (N. ab Es. lc. p. 87, cum syn.; Kth. 1c. p. 38, 
eum syn.)—o.P. 811. 
Has. Very abundant. 2 


97. ©. difformis, Linn. (N. ab Es. l.g. p. 88, cum syn.; Kth. lc. 
p. 38.)—c.P. 3042. 
Hus. Common in the warmer parts of the island. 


98. G. nigroviridis, Thw.—C. elegans, Wall. Cat. (haud Linn.)— 
c.P. 2879. : : 
Has. Kornegalle. : 

Culmus tenuis, glaber, triqueter, 1—2-pedalis, basi foliosus. Folia latiuscula, 
culmo subzequilonga, margine scabra. Umbella composita, longe involucrata. Spi- 
cule laxifloree, umbellate. Sguame rotundate, mucronate, nervoso-striate,, nigTo- 
fuscee, margine membranacea fulvescentes. Caryopsis ovoidea, trigona, utringue 
acuta, subglabra, nigra. : 

Resembling very much C. elegans, Linn., but distinguished at once by the very 
different shape of its fruit, which in C. elegans is much wider in proportion to its 
length, and is rounded at the apex. 

29. CG. distans, Linn. (N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 88, cum syn. ; Kth. lc. p- 
93.)—c.P. 810. 

Has. Very abundant. ; 


30. C. corymbosus, Rottb. (Kth. lc. p. 55, cum syn.)—Papyrus 
corymbosus, N. ab Es. 1. ¢. p. 89.—c.P. 809. 
Has. Kornegalle. 


31. C. Paugorei, Rottb. (Kth. |. c. p. 57, cum syn.)—Papyrus Pau- 
gorei, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 88.—c.v. 813. se 
Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


32. C. Neesii, Kth. 1. c. p. 101.—C. elatus, Linn. (partim). Papy- a : 


rus elatus, N. ab Es. l.c.—e.P. 3043. : 
Has. Caltura, Moon. 


33. C. dilutus, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 357; Kth. 1. c. p- 92.—Mariseus 
dilutus, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 90.—c.P. 815. - 
Has. Kornegalle, Gardner. 


Cyperacee.] CEYLON PLANTS. 345 


34, C. umbellatus, Benth. Flor. Hongk. p. 386.—Mariscus wmbel- 
latus, Vahl, 1. c. p. 376. M. cyperinus, Vahl, |. c. p. 377. M. paticeus, 
Link? N. ab Hs. 1. c. p. 89, cum syn. WM. pictus, N. ab Es. I. c. p. 90, 
cum syn.—c.P. 814, 816, 817, 2878. 

Has. Extremely abundant. 

Pianta valde variabilis. Spicule 1-4-flore. 


2. KYLLINGIA, Linn. 


1. K. monocephala, Linn. (N. ab Es. in Wight, Cat. p. 91; Kth. 
Enum. ii. p. 129.)—c.p. 3753. ; 

Has. Very common amongst grass, in the warmer parts of the 
island. 

Differs from the next species in its usually diandrous flowers, with their glumes 
whiter, and somewhat suddenly dilated above the middle. 

2. K. brevifolia, Rottb. (N. ab Es. 1. c. cum syn.; Kth. l.c. p. 130.) 
—C.P. 3755. 

Has. With the preceding species, but not so common. 

3. K. melanosperma, N. ab Es. 1. c.; Kth. l.c. p. 131.—c.v. 818, 
2980. 

Has. Central Province, at an elevation of 4000 to 6000 feet. 

4. K. cylindrica, N. ab Es. 1.¢. Var. 8. monostachya, Kth. 1. c. p. 
133.—c.P. 3754. 


re K. triceps, Rottb. (N. ab Es. l.c.; Kth. lc. cum syn.)—C.P. 


Has. Hot drier parts of the island. 


3. REMIREA, Aubl. 


1, R. pedunculata, R. Br. (Kth. Enum. ii. oe cum syn.)—R. 
Wightiana, Wall. Cat. No. 3378; N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. p. 92.— 
C.P. 3327. 

Has. Jaffna, Gardner. 


4. PANDANOPHYLLUM, Hassk. 
Steudel, Synops. p. 184. Halostemma, Wall. MSS. 


Char. emend. Squame uniflore. Glume 6, biseriales, plicate ; 3 
iorum unaqueeque stamen includens eidemque opposita ; 3 interio- 

rum una (posterior) pistillum amplectens, dus vacue. Fior. Masc.: 
Anthere lineares, subsessiles, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Ovarii rudi- 
mentum stylo longo clavato acuto terminatum. Fror. F@M.: Poors 
sterilia palesformia. Stylus basi incrassatus. Stigmata 2 (Hassk.) 3 
(in meis Specimin.). Caryopsis ossea. : 
1. P. lanicum, Thw.; foliis glabris, longissime setaceo-acum1- 
Swe sas seabris ; ile pba ig it biel atiitala 6%, 


Has. Banks of a stream, near Pittigalakanda in the Kokoole Corle, 
December, 1853. ae : 


346 ENUMERATION OF [ Cyperacee. 


Folia $-4-pedalia, 6-7 lin. lata. Culmi plares, 3-9 poll. longi, basi vaginati, 
Capitulum pluriflorum, 6-7 lin. in diam. Sguame ovate, striate, inferiores mucro- — 
nate, semipollicares. Glume squama eequilongee, lineari-lanceolatee, acute, exteriores 
ad carinam scabre. Anthere 2 lin. long. Caryopsis albida, interne nigra, 2 lin. 
longa. 

Hasskarl, in describing this genus as monandrous, must, I suspect, have taken the 
long clavate style of the male flower for an anther. The true anthers, 3 in number, 
which lie concealed, one within the fold of each of the exterior glumes of the flower, | 
may easily escape observation, unless great care be taken in the dissection. 


5. LEPIRONIA, Rich. 


1. L. mucronata, Rich. in Pers. Syn. i. p. 70; Kth. Enum. p. 366. 
—Chondrachne articulata, R. Br.—c.P. 3228. 

Has. Caltura District. 

Pistillum 18-24 paleis (6-8 exterioribus monandris, reliquis vacuis) lanceolatis 
acutis cinctum. 

This genus is evidently closely allied to Pandanophyllum, the pistil in each being 
surrounded by a certain number of empty pales, and, outside these, by one or more 
series of monandrous palew. In Pandanophyllum the flower (or spikelet ?) is uni- 
sexual, either the pistil or the stamens being sterile or rudimentary, whilst in the 
present genus the flower (or spikelet ?) is hermaphrodite. 


6. HYPOLYTRUM, Rich. 


]. HZ. latifolium, Rich. in Pers. Syn. i. p. 70; Kth. Enum. ii. p. 271, 
cum syn.—ZH. giganteum, Wall. Cat. No. 3404; N. ab Es. in Wight, 
Contr. p. 93, cum syn. ZH. trinervium, Kth. |. c. p. 272.—0.P- 3, 219. 

Var. 8. minor.—Spiculis squamisque multo minoribus. 

Has. Common in dense forests in the southern and central parts of 
the island, up to an elevation of 3000 feet. . 

Var. 8. Caltura. 

Glume postice connate, sed facile disrupte. Caryopsis glabra vel parum rugu- 
losa, rarius costulata, ochraceo- vel nigro-fusca, endocarpio nigro. 


2. H. longirostre, Thw. ; spiculis corymboso-paniculatis ; squamis 
firmis, nitidis, plus minus acutatis, mucronatis ; glumis postice con- 
natis, oblongis, subacutis, carinis scabris ; staminibus 2; caryopst rotun- 
data, oy parum compressa, styli basi dilatata longiuscule rostrata. 
—C.P. : 

Has. Hinidoon Corle. 

Caryopsis fusca, sepe obseure costulata, 4 lin. longa, rostro parum longiore ; en- 
docarpio nigro. 

A preecedente, cui valde similis, foliis angustioribus, squamis acutis majoribus fir- 
mioribusque et caryopsi longe rostrata satis differt. 

3. HZ. costatum, Thw.; spicis capitato-congestis ; caryopsi majus- 
cula, ovata vel. rotundata, acuta, longitudinaliter grosse 6-12-costata, 
externe spongiosa.—c.P. 3222. 

Has. Central Province, but exact locality not recorded. 

Culmus triqueter, levis. Folia floralia longiuscula, 8 lin. lata, trinervia, margine 
seabra. Panicula oblonga, dense compacta. Caryopsis fusco-nigra, 3 lin. in diam., 
interne albida, endocarpio separabili. 

The only specimen I possess is not sufficiently perfect to enable me to draw up 8° 


complete a description as could be desired, of this interesting plant. 


 Cyperacea.| CEYLON PLANTS. 347 


7. LIPOCARPHA, R. Br. 


1. L. argentea, R. Br. (Kth. Enum. ii. p. 266, cum syn.)—L. levi- 
gata, N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. p. 92, cum syn.—c.?. 819. 

Var. bracteis majoribus.—c.P. 3557. 

Has. Common up to an elevation of 3000 feet. 

2. L. sphacelata, Kth. l.c. p. 267.—L. triceps, N. ab Es. 1. e.—c.r. 
3756. 
_ Has. Doombera District. 


Capitulum 3-6-stachyum. 


* 


8. FUIRENA, Linn. 


1. P. ciliaris, Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 180; N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. 
p. 93, cum syn.—c.P. 3038. i 

Har. Very abundant in paddy-fields and wet grassy places, in the 
warmer parts of the island. 


2. F. glomerata, Lam. (Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 386; Kth. Enum. ui. 
p- 184.)—F. Rottbellii, N. ab Hs. 1. c. p. 94, cum syn.—c.P. 2748. 

Haz. Similar places with the last. 

3. F. umbellata, Rottb. (Kth. l.c. p. 185, cum syn.)—F. pentagona, 
Mf et A.; N. ab Es. l.c. p. 93, cum syn.; Kth. lc. cum syn.—c.r. 

29, 

Has. With the preceding and equally common. 

4, F. uncinata, Wall. Cat. No. 3534 d; Kth.1.c. p. 184, cum syn. 
—C.P. $230. : 

Has. Similar places with the foregoing species. 


* 


9. ABILDGAARDIA, Vahl. 


1. A. monostachya, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 296; Kth. Enum. ii. p. 247. 
ee Rottbelliana, N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. p. 95, cum syn.—c.P. 
1 


Has. Not uncommon in the warmer parts of the island. 


eg A. tristachya, Vahl, l.c. p. 297; Kth. 1. ¢. p. 248, cum syn.—c.P. 

Has. North of the island, Gardner. 

3. A. fulvescens, Thw.—Uimbella 3-4-radiata ; involucro brevi ; 
spicis planis, compressis, acutis, plurifloris, solitariis vel binis in radiis ; 
squamis ovatis, acutis, pilosulis; floribus triandris; caryopst trigona, 

yriformi, tuberculata.—c.P. 679. 
Reigam Corle. j : nite : 

Ceespitosa, 1-]4-pedalis. Folia culmo breviora vel subaequilonga, lineari, obtusi- 
useula, mucronata, margitie scabra, 3-1} lin, lata. Culmus filiformis, striatus. Caryopsis 
_ higro-fusca, umbonata, 4 lin. longa. : 

4. A. cinnamometorum, Thw.—A. fusca, N.ab Es. l.c.; Kth, lc. 
P. 249.—Fimbristylis Cinnamometorum, Kth. |. e. p. 229. Scirpus 
Cinnamometorum, Vahl, 1. c. p. 278.—c.P. 2752. 

Has. Not uncommon in wet grassy places. 


343° ENUMERATION OF [ Cyperacea. 


10. FIMBRISTYLIS, Vahl. 
. * Stigmatibus 2, 


1. F. nutans, Vahl, Enum. ii. p. 285; N. ab Es. in Wight, Contr. 
p- 96; Kth. Enum. ii. p. 221, cum syn.—c.P- 832. 

Has. Very common in the warmer parts of the island. 

9. FP. acuminata, Vahl, l.c.; N. ab Es. l.c.; Kth. 1. ce. cum syn.— 
F. setacea, Benth. in Hook. Journ. of Bot.—c.p. 2747. 

Has. Hotter parts of the island. 

Closely allied to the preceding, but certainly distinct. 


3. F. polytrichoides, R. Br.? (N. ab Es. lc. cum syn.)—Seirpus 
as Hegaaacry Retz; Vahl, l.c. p. 249. Scirpus scaber, Roxb. Fl. 
. i. p. 220 


Has. Ceylon, Kenig. 

4. F. schéenoides, Vahl, 1. c. p. 286; N. ab Hs. 1. ¢. p. 97, cum syn. ; 
Jeth. ¥ o 5 222, cum syn.—c.P. 833. 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 

5. P. diphylla, Vahl, l. c. p. 289; N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 100, cum syn.— 
F. tomentosa, Vahl, l.c. p. 290; N. ab Es. lc. FE. Royeniana, varr. 
aetB; N.ab Es. 1. c.—c.P. 839, 840 (841 partim). 

Has. A very abundant plant. 

Varies greatly in the amount of pubescence :» the flowers are commonly diandrous, 
more rarely monandrous ; I have not met with it with triandrous flowers. 

6. P. ovalis, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 98, cum syn.—c.P. 3737 (841 partim). 

Has. Kornegalle District. 

Certainly distinct from the preceding species, though bearing considerable external 
resemblance to the tomentose form of it. 
pe ‘ F. rigidula, N. ab Es. l. c. p. 99; Steud. Synops. p. 116.—c.P. 
Haz. Warmer parts of the island, not common. 


8. F. ferruginea, Vahl, |. c. p. 291; N. ab Es. l.c. p. 97, cum syn. ; 
Kth. 1. = 236.—c.P. 848. 
Has. Kokoole Corle, Gardner. 


9. P. argentea, Vahl, l.c. p. 294; N. ab Es. lc. p. 100, cum syns 
Kth. 1. op. 223.—c.P. 2877. 
Has. Hoiter parts of the island. 


10. F. pallescens, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 101, cum syn. ; Steud. Synops. 


p. 111.—Scirpus pallescens, Roxb, FI. Ind. i. p. 229.—e.P. 3758. 
Has. Warmer parts of the island, not very common. 


** Stigmatibus 8. Trichelostylis. 


11. F. Arnottii, Thw.—F. xyroides, Arn. Cat. Hb. Wight, 2331 (haud 
ayridis, R. Br.)—c.P. 830. 

Has. Common on the borders of paddy-fields, etc. 

Cespitosa, aphylla. Culmus parum angularis, 6-18 poll. longus, basi vaginatus. 
Spica solitaria, erecta, rotundata. Sguame arcte imbricatz, obovate, obtuse, 10- — 
feriores param majores. Caryopsis oblonga, subclavata, delicatule cancellata, stip 
tata, albida, stylo subsequilonga. ; 


12, P. miliacea, Vahl, l.c. p. 287; Kth. lc. p. 280.—Trichelostylis 


— Cyperacee. | CEYLON PLANTS. 349 


miliacea, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 103, cum syn. F. tetragona, N.ab Es. 1. c. 
p- 104, cum syn. Scirpus tetragonus, Roxb. 1. c. p. 228.—c.P. 836. 
Has. Very abundant in paddy-fields and other wet places. 


13. FP. globulosa, Wall. (Kth.1.c. p. 231.) —Trichelostylis globulosa, 
N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 105, cum syn.—c.?. 842. 

Has. Warmer parts of the island. 

14, F. quinquangularis, Kth. l.c. p. 229, cum syn.— Trichelostylis 
quinguangularis, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 104, cum syn.—c.P. 838. — 

Has. Not uncommon in the hotter parts of the island. 


15. F. insignis, Thw.—Culmo filiformi, striato, apice parum com- 
presso, glabro, basi folioso ; foliis brevibus, firmis, curvatis, obtusis, 
mucronatis, glabris, margine scabris; wmbelle aperte radiis circiter 6; 
involucro brevissimo ; spicis subcylindricis, acutis, 1-2- vel 3-nis in 
radiis, intermedia sessili majore; sgwamis ovato-oblongis, subacutis, 
mucronatis ; f oesniad triandris ; caryopsi brevi-obcordata, trigona, sub- 
ay stylo lineari, triquetro, glabro; stigmatibus breviusculis.—c.P. 

Haz. Between Negombo and Kornegalle. 

Cespitosa, 2-pedalis. Spice 3-1 poll. longe, 14 lin. late. Sywame fuseo- 
ferruginese, basi margineque pallidiores, 2 lin. longe. 

16, F. complanata, Link: (Kth. 1. ¢. p. 228, cum syn.)—Trichelostylis 
complanata, N. ab Ks. p. 103, cum svn.—c.P. 3220. 

B. Ceylon, Walker (in Herb. Hook.). 


17. F. cheetorhiza, Kth. l.c. p. 240.—Trichelostylis chetorhiza, N. 
ab Es. l.c. p. 106. 7. torta, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 105.—c.pP. 837, 970. 

Has. Extremely abundant amongst grass. 

A very variable plant. I find the flowers always triandrous, and the characters of 
the fruit, as described by Nees, very constant. 


18. F. retusa, Thw.; culmo filiformi, acute angulari, apicem versus 
scabrido, basi foliato; foliis anguste linearibus, obtusis, mucronatis ; 
_ wnbella composita, compacta, involucro subeequilongo; spicis glomeratis, 

sessilibus ; sgwamis ovatis vel oblongis, retusis, dense imbricatis, pluri- 
seriatis, muricato-punctulatis, ad apicem margine ciliatis ; jfloribus mon- 
 andris; stylo glabro; caryopsi late obovata, trigona, aspero-tubercu- 
_ lata.—c.p. 3760. ; 

Has. Near Galle. 
_Cwspitosa, 1-2-pedalis. Sguame fusco-ferrugine. Caryopsis ochracea, ferru- 
gineo tincta. 

19. F. Wightiana, N. ab Es. l.c. p. 99.—c.P. 3759. 

Has. Trincomale, Rev. 8. O. Glenie. 

20. F. salbundia, Kth. l.c. p. 230, cum syn.—Trichelostylis sal- 
bundia, N. ab Es. 1. c. p. 105, cum syn. TZ. pentaptera, N. ab Es. 1. c. 


—c.P. 823, 843. 
Has. Newera Ellia, and other of the more elevated parts of the 


. 


21. F. connectens, Thw.—Culmo striato, versus apicem compresso 
seabroque, basi folioso ; foliis anguste linearibus, culmo subequilongis, 
gilabris, margine scabris, abrupte acutis ; umbella mediocri, decompo- 
sita, compacta, radiis scabris ; ¢rvolucro diphyllo, foliolis_linearibus, — 
acutis, scabris, umbella subequilongis ; spicis oblongis, acutis ; syuamis 


350 ENUMERATION OF [ Cyperacee. 


2-3-chis, ovatis, subacutis, mucronulatis, opacis; floribus triandris ; 
caryopsi obovoidea vel subpyriformi, acute trigona, nitida, sublevi; 
stylo glabro.—c.P. 2967. 

Has. Maturatta District. 

Cespitosa, 1-2-pedalis. Folia glauco-viridia, circiter 1 lin. lata. Sguame fuseo- 
castanee, carina scabra margineque pallidiores, longitudinaliter delicatule striate. 
Caryopsis albida vel pallide fulva. 

Allied to F. salbundia, and might perhaps with propriety be placed with it, in 
the genus Adil/dgaardia, close to A. cinnamometorum, with which they have great 
affinity. 


11. ISOLEPIS, R. Br. 


1. I. squarrosa, R. et S. (Kth. Enum. ii. p. 202, cum syn.)—Scirpus 
squarrosus, Linn. ; Roxb. Fl. Ind. i. p. 222.—c.P. 854. 
Has. North of the island, Gardner. 


2. I. articulata, N. ab Es. in Wight’s Contr. p. 108, cum syn. (Kth. 
le. p. 199, cum syn.)—J. inewrvatus, N. ab Es. 1c. cum syn. J. pro- 
longata, N. ab Es.1.c